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Gómez-de Castro C, Santos-Juanes R, Nuñez-Gómez B, Fernández-Vega I, Vivanco B, Fernández-Velasco A, Reyes-García S, Carrero-Martín J, García-Pedrero JM, Rodrigo JP, González-Vela MDC, Santos-Juanes J, Galache C. Low-Level Expression of p-S6 Is Associated with Nodal Metastasis in Patients with Head and Neck Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4304. [PMID: 38673889 PMCID: PMC11049968 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common form of skin cancer. The incidence of metastasis for cSCC is estimated to be around 1.2-5%. Ribosomal protein S6 (p-S6) and the p21 protein (p21) are two proteins that play central roles in other cancers. These proteins may be equally important in cSCC, and together, these could constitute a good candidate for metastasis risk assessment of these patients. We investigate the relationship of p-S6 and p21 expression with the impact on the prognosis of head and neck cSCC (cSCCHN). p-S6 and p21 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry on paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 116 patients with cSCCHN and associations sought with clinical characteristics. Kaplan-Meier estimators and Cox proportional hazard regression models were also used. The expression of p-S6 was significantly inversely associated with tumor thickness, tumor size, desmoplastic growth, pathological stage, perineural invasion and tumor buds. p21 expression was significantly inversely correlated with >6 mm tumor thickness, desmoplastic growth, and perineural invasion. p-S6-negative expression significantly predicted an increased risk of nodal metastasis (HR = 2.63, 95% CI 1.51-4.54; p < 0.001). p21 expression was not found to be a significant risk factor for nodal metastasis. These findings demonstrate that p-S6-negative expression is an independent predictor of nodal metastasis. The immunohistochemical expression of p-S6 might aid in better risk stratification and management of patients with cSCCHN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Gómez-de Castro
- Grider, Grupo de Investigación en Dermatología, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.G.-d.C.); (B.V.); (A.F.-V.); (C.G.)
- Dermatology Division, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (S.R.-G.); (J.C.-M.)
| | - Raquel Santos-Juanes
- Dermatology Area, Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (R.S.-J.); (B.N.-G.)
| | - Borja Nuñez-Gómez
- Dermatology Area, Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (R.S.-J.); (B.N.-G.)
| | - Iván Fernández-Vega
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Biobank of the Principality of Asturias (BioPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain;
- Department of Pathology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Blanca Vivanco
- Grider, Grupo de Investigación en Dermatología, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.G.-d.C.); (B.V.); (A.F.-V.); (C.G.)
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Biobank of the Principality of Asturias (BioPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain;
- Department of Pathology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Adela Fernández-Velasco
- Grider, Grupo de Investigación en Dermatología, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.G.-d.C.); (B.V.); (A.F.-V.); (C.G.)
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Biobank of the Principality of Asturias (BioPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain;
- Department of Pathology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Sebastián Reyes-García
- Dermatology Division, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (S.R.-G.); (J.C.-M.)
| | - Jimena Carrero-Martín
- Dermatology Division, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (S.R.-G.); (J.C.-M.)
| | - Juana M. García-Pedrero
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (J.M.G.-P.); (J.P.R.)
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan P. Rodrigo
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (J.M.G.-P.); (J.P.R.)
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - Jorge Santos-Juanes
- Grider, Grupo de Investigación en Dermatología, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.G.-d.C.); (B.V.); (A.F.-V.); (C.G.)
- Dermatology Division, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (S.R.-G.); (J.C.-M.)
- Dermatology Area, Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (R.S.-J.); (B.N.-G.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (J.M.G.-P.); (J.P.R.)
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Galache
- Grider, Grupo de Investigación en Dermatología, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; (C.G.-d.C.); (B.V.); (A.F.-V.); (C.G.)
- Dermatology Division, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (S.R.-G.); (J.C.-M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain; (J.M.G.-P.); (J.P.R.)
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
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2
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Marques-Ramos A, Cervantes R. Expression of mTOR in normal and pathological conditions. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:112. [PMID: 37454139 PMCID: PMC10349476 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01820-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a protein discovered in 1991, integrates a complex pathway with a key role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. By comprising two functionally distinct complexes, mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTORC2, it is a central cellular hub that integrates intra- and extracellular signals of energy, nutrient, and hormone availability, modulating the molecular responses to acquire a homeostatic state through the regulation of anabolic and catabolic processes. Accordingly, dysregulation of mTOR pathway has been implicated in a variety of human diseases. While major advances have been made regarding the regulators and effectors of mTOR signaling pathway, insights into the regulation of mTOR gene expression are beginning to emerge. Here, we present the current available data regarding the mTOR expression regulation at the level of transcription, translation and mRNA stability and systematize the current knowledge about the fluctuations of mTOR expression observed in several diseases, both cancerous and non-cancerous. In addition, we discuss whether mTOR expression changes can be used as a biomarker for diagnosis, disease progression, prognosis and/or response to therapeutics. We believe that our study will contribute for the implementation of new disease biomarkers based on mTOR as it gives an exhaustive perspective about the regulation of mTOR gene expression in both normal and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Marques-Ramos
- H&TRC-Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL-Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - R Cervantes
- H&TRC-Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL-Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Public Health Research Centre, NOVA National School of Public Health, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), Lisbon, Portugal
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3
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Cheng TYD, Omilian AR, Yao S, Sanchez PV, Polk LZ, Zhang W, Datta S, Bshara W, Ondracek RP, Davis W, Liu S, Hong CC, Bandera EV, Khoury T, Ambrosone CB. Body fatness and mTOR pathway activation of breast cancer in the Women's Circle of Health Study. NPJ Breast Cancer 2020; 6:45. [PMID: 33024820 PMCID: PMC7505987 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-020-00187-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Energy imbalance has an important role in breast cancer prognosis. Hyperactive mechanistic Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is associated with breast tumor growth, but the extent to which body fatness is associated with mTOR pathway activities in breast cancer is unclear. We performed immunostaining for mTOR, phosphorylated (p)-mTOR, p-AKT, and p-p70S6K in tumor tissue from 590 women (464 African Americans/Blacks and 126 Whites) with newly diagnosed invasive breast cancer in the Women's Circle of Health Study. Anthropometric measures were taken by study staff, and body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Linear regressions were used to estimate percent differences in protein expression between categories of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, waist/hip ratio, fat mass, fat mass index, and percent body fat. We observed that BMI ≥ 35.0 vs. <25 kg/m2 was associated with 108.3% (95% CI = 16.9%-270.9%) and 101.8% (95% CI = 17.0%-248.8%) higher expression in p-mTOR and normalized p-mTOR, i.e., p-mTOR/mTOR, respectively. Quartiles 4 vs. 1 of waist/hip ratio was associated with 41.8% (95% CI = 5.81%-89.9%) higher mTOR expression. Similar associations were observed for the body fat measurements, particularly in patients with estrogen receptor-negative (ER-) tumors, but not in those with ER+ tumors, although the differences in associations were not significant. This tumor-based study found positive associations between body fatness and mTOR pathway activation, evident by a p-mTOR expression, in breast cancer. Our findings suggest that mTOR inhibition can be a treatment strategy to prevent the recurrence of these tumors in obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yuan David Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL USA
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY USA
| | - Angela R Omilian
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY USA
| | - Song Yao
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY USA
| | - Pamela V Sanchez
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Latasia Z Polk
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Weizhou Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Susmita Datta
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Wiam Bshara
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY USA
| | - Rochelle Payne Ondracek
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY USA
| | - Warren Davis
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY USA
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY USA
| | - Chi-Chen Hong
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY USA
| | - Elisa V Bandera
- Cancer Epidemiology and Health Outcomes, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ USA
| | - Thaer Khoury
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY USA
| | - Christine B Ambrosone
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Control, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY USA
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4
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García-Carracedo D, Villaronga MÁ, Álvarez-Teijeiro S, Hermida-Prado F, Santamaría I, Allonca E, Suárez-Fernández L, Gonzalez MV, Balbín M, Astudillo A, Martínez-Camblor P, Su GH, Rodrigo JP, García-Pedrero JM. Impact of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway activation on the prognosis of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Oncotarget 2018; 7:29780-93. [PMID: 27119232 PMCID: PMC5045433 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway has emerged as one of the most frequently deregulated in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Numerous alterations of various upstream and downstream components have been described; however, their prognostic significance and impact on HNSCC patient survival remains to be established. This was addressed using an unbiased cohort of 93 consecutive and homogeneous surgically treated HNSCC patients and results confirmed in 432 HNSCC patients. Our findings reveal the high prevalence of S6 phosphorylation, a surrogate marker of mTORC1 activation, in HNSCC specimens (>70%) and, more importantly, demonstrate its relevance on clinical outcome. Phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 on either Ser235/236 or Ser240/244 was consistently and significantly correlated with favorable prognosis, although with differences depending on the tumor site. Thus, p-S6 expression was significantly correlated with better disease-specific survival specifically in the subgroup of laryngeal carcinoma patients (P< 0.001). In addition, multivariate regression models revealed p-S6 to be an inverse and independent predictor of lymph-node metastasis (P= 0.004) and distant metastasis (P= 0.006). Taken together, this study unveils an unprecedented correlation of mTOR activation with improved clinical outcome in patients with laryngeal carcinomas and uncovers the potential of p-S6 expression as a good prognostic biomarker and an inverse predictor of lymph node and distant metastases. These results should be of broad interest as immunohistochemical detection of p-S6 may help to stratify patients and guide treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darío García-Carracedo
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria Ángeles Villaronga
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Saúl Álvarez-Teijeiro
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Francisco Hermida-Prado
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Iñigo Santamaría
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Eva Allonca
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Laura Suárez-Fernández
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Maria Victoria Gonzalez
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Milagros Balbín
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Aurora Astudillo
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - Gloria H Su
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Departments of Pathology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Departments of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Juan Pablo Rodrigo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Juana María García-Pedrero
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias and Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
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5
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de Vicente JC, Peña I, Rodrigo JP, Rodríguez-Santamarta T, Lequerica-Fernández P, Suárez-Fernández L, Allonca E, García-Pedrero JM. Phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6 correlation with p21 expression and inverse association with tumor size in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck 2017; 39:1876-1887. [PMID: 28675642 DOI: 10.1002/hed.24854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical relevance of phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6 (p-S6), a surrogate marker of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation, and p21 in a series of 125 patients with oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs). METHODS Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to ascertain the phosphorylation status of p-S6 at Ser235/236 and Ser240/244, p21, and p53 protein expression. RESULTS Expression of phosphorylated S6 protein on either serine 235/236 or serine 240/244 was detected in 83% and 88% tumors, respectively, and both of them were inversely and significantly correlated with the tumor size and local infiltration. Positive p21 expression was found in 91.5% of the cases, and was inversely correlated with tumor size. In OSCC, p21 expression correlates with p-S6 levels, a surrogate marker of mTOR activation, independently of p53 status. CONCLUSION Expression of both p21 and p-S6 was found to inversely associate with tumor size but not survival outcomes in patients with OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C de Vicente
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, CIBERONC ISCIII Spain
| | - Ignacio Peña
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Juan P Rodrigo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, CIBERONC ISCIII Spain
| | - Tania Rodríguez-Santamarta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | | | - Laura Suárez-Fernández
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Eva Allonca
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Juana M García-Pedrero
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, CIBERONC ISCIII Spain
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6
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Liu H, Zhang L, Zhang X, Cui Z. PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway promotes progestin resistance in endometrial cancer cells by inhibition of autophagy. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:2865-2871. [PMID: 28652768 PMCID: PMC5476755 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s95267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is now one of the most common malignant tumors in young women. In all, 90% of young patients with EC have a high expression of progesterone recep tor, can be treated with progestin, and have very good prognosis. However, some of the young EC patients are resistant to progestin, the mechanism of which is unclear. To illuminate the mechanism by which endometrial cells acquire progestin resistance, we treated Ishikawa cells by slowly increasing dosage of progestin and established a progestin-resistant cell subline. We show here that progesterone resistant cells acquire increased proliferation rate and interestingly decreased autophagy. To uncover the mechanism by which cells increase proliferation and bypass autophagy, we found higher activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway was necessary to this malignant acquirement by RNAi technique. Further, we elucidated that activation of mTOR was sufficient and necessary for progestin resistance. RAD001, an inhibitor of mTOR, decreased phosphorylation of mTOR and inhibited proliferation of progestin-resistant cancer cells by promoting autophagy. Thus, our results indicated that mTOR can be a target to treat the progestin-resistant EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao.,Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqin Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuyan Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhumei Cui
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao
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7
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Ouyang DQ, Liang LZ, Ke ZF, Zheng GS, Weng DS, Yang WF, Su YX, Liao GQ. Association between high expression of phosphorylated Akt and mammalian target of rapamycin and improved survival in salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma. Head Neck 2017; 39:1145-1154. [DOI: 10.1002/hed.24732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Revised: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dai-qiao Ouyang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Li-zhong Liang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University; Zhuhai Guangdong China
| | - Zun-fu Ke
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Guang-sen Zheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - De-sheng Weng
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Wei-fa Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong China
| | - Yu-xiong Su
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong China
| | - Gui-qing Liao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
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8
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Ding XF, Li LF, Zhou XL, Guo LN, Dou MM, Chi YY, Wu SX, Zhang YN, Shan ZZ, Zhang YJ, Wang F, Fan QX, Zhao J, Sun TW. P-mTOR Expression and Implication in Breast Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170302. [PMID: 28114374 PMCID: PMC5256929 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR) is a promising prognostic marker in many types of cancer. However, its survival benefit in patients with breast carcinoma remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between p-mTOR expression and prognosis in breast carcinoma based on a systematic review and meta-analysis. Materials and Methods Electronic databases (including Pubmed, Embase, ISI web of science, and Cochrane Library) were searched up to November 24, 2015. The outcome measures were hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for the association between the prognosis of breast carcinoma patients and p-mTOR expression. Primary end points were disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Statistical analysis was performed with STATA 12.0. Results Nine cohort studies including 3051 patients met full eligibility criteria. The pooled HRs (95% CI) for OS, DFS, and RFS were 0.84 (0.27–2.63), 0.71 (0.40–1.23), and 0.48 (0.20–1.18), respectively. Conclusions Our findings suggested that p-mTOR overexpression was not significantly related to prognosis in breast carcinoma regarding OS and disease recurrence. Prospective studies are warranted to examine the association between p-mTOR expression and survival outcomes in breast carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Fei Ding
- Department of General ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Li-Feng Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xue-Liang Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Li-Na Guo
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Meng-Meng Dou
- Department of Integrated Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yan-Yan Chi
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shao-Xuan Wu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ya-Na Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zheng-Zheng Shan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yi-Jie Zhang
- Department of MRI, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qing-Xia Fan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Tong-Wen Sun
- Department of General ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- * E-mail:
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Stabilization of p21 by mTORC1/4E-BP1 predicts clinical outcome of head and neck cancers. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10438. [PMID: 26832959 PMCID: PMC4740818 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The levels, regulation and prognostic value of p21 in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) has been puzzling for years. Here, we report a new mechanism of regulation of p21 by the mTORC1/4E-BP1 pathway. We find that non-phosphorylated 4E-BP1 interacts with p21 and induces its degradation. Accordingly, hyper-activation of mTORC1 results in phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 and stabilization of p21. In HNSCC, p21 levels strongly correlate with mTORC1 activity but not with p53 status. Finally, clinical data indicate that HNSCC patients with p21 and phospho-S6-double-positive tumours present a better disease-specific survival. We conclude that over-activation of the mTORC1/4E-BP1/p21 pathway is a frequent and clinically relevant alteration in HNSCC. The molecular pathways involving p21 and mTORC1 are frequently deregulated in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Here, Llanos et al. report a mechanism that regulates p21 stability through the mTORC1/4E-BP1 pathway independently of p53, and show that the mechanism is prevalent in HNSCC.
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Jerjees DA, Negm OH, Alabdullah ML, Mirza S, Alkaabi M, Hameed MR, Abduljabbar R, Muftah A, Nolan CC, Green AR, Tighe PJ, Band V, Ellis IO, Rakha EA. The mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) in breast cancer: the impact of oestrogen receptor and HER2 pathways. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2015; 150:91-103. [PMID: 25701120 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-015-3308-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is a downstream of the PI3K/Akt pathway which affects cancer development. mTORC1 has many downstream signalling effectors that can enhance different cellular responses. This study aims to investigate the expression of mTORC1 in breast cancer (BC) and correlate it with key clinicopathological and molecular features of BC especially to proteins related to oestrogen receptor (ER) and HER2 pathways in different BC classes. Moreover, mTORC1 expression was assessed in 6 BC cell lines including ER+ and ER- cell lines with and without HER2 transfection. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the expression of phospho (p) mTORC1 in a large (n = 1300) annotated BC series prepared as tissue microarray. Reverse phase protein array (RPPA) was used to assess its expression in the different BC cell lines. The expression of p-mTORC1 was cytoplasmic with moderate/high expression noted in 44 % of BC. p-mTORC1 expression was associated with clinicopathological variables characteristic of good prognosis. Positive correlation with ER, ER-related proteins AKT, PI3K and luminal differentiation markers were observed in the whole series and in the ER+HER2- subgroup. Association with HER2 was mainly observed in the ER-negative class. RPPA indicated that p-mTORC1 expression was mainly related to ER expression and with better outcome in the Akt positive tumours. p-mTORC1 is associated with good prognostic features. Its expression is related to ER and ER related proteins in addition to AKT and PI3K. Its relation with HER2 expression is mainly seen in the absence of ER expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dena A Jerjees
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, Department of Histopathology, School of Medicine, Nottingham City Hospital, The University of Nottingham and Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK,
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