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Gao Y, Li Q, Yang L, Zhao H, Wang D, Pesola AJ. Causal Association Between Sedentary Behaviors and Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Mendelian Randomization Studies. Sports Med 2024:10.1007/s40279-024-02090-5. [PMID: 39218828 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-024-02090-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different types of sedentary behavior are associated with several health outcomes, but the causality of these associations remains unclear. OBJECTIVES To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of Mendelian randomization (MR) studies investigating the associations between sedentary behaviors and health outcomes. METHODS A systematic search on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and PsycINFO up to August 2023 was conducted to identify eligible MR studies. We selected studies that assessed associations of genetically determined sedentary behaviors and health outcomes. A meta-analysis was conducted to examine the causal associations when two or more MR studies were available. We graded the evidence level of each MR association based on the results of the main method and sensitivity analyses in MR studies. RESULTS A total of 31 studies with 168 MR associations between six types of sedentary behavior and 47 health outcomes were included. Results from meta-analyses suggested a total of 47 significant causal associations between sedentary behaviors and health outcomes. Notably, more leisure TV watching is robustly correlated with increased risks of myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, all-cause ischemic stroke, and type 2 diabetes. Conversely, robust inverse associations were observed between leisure computer use and risks of rheumatoid arthritis, Alzheimer's disease, and gastroesophageal reflux disease. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that different types of sedentary behavior have distinct causal effects on health outcomes. Therefore, interventions should focus not only on reducing sedentary time but also on promoting healthier types of sedentary behavior. PROSPERO REGISTRATION CRD42023453828.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gao
- Department of Sports Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingyang Li
- Department of Sports Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luyao Yang
- Department of Sports Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hanhua Zhao
- Department of Sports Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Sports Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Arto J Pesola
- Active Life Lab, South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences, Mikkeli, Finland
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Duan JY, You RX, Zhou Y, Xu F, Lin X, Shan SK, Zheng MH, Lei LM, Li FXZ, Guo B, Wu YY, Chen X, Tang KX, Cao YC, Wu YL, He SY, Xiao R, Yuan LQ. Assessment of causal association between the socio-economic status and osteoporosis and fractures: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study in European population. J Bone Miner Res 2024; 39:942-955. [PMID: 38624186 DOI: 10.1093/jbmr/zjae060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The correlation between socio-economic status (SES) and bone-related diseases garners increasing attention, prompting a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis in this study. Genetic data on SES indicators (average total household income before tax, years of schooling completed, and Townsend Deprivation Index at recruitment), femoral neck bone mineral density (FN-BMD), heel bone mineral density (eBMD), osteoporosis, and five different sites of fractures (spine, femur, lower leg-ankle, foot, and wrist-hand fractures) were derived from genome-wide association summary statistics of European ancestry. The inverse variance weighted method was employed to obtain the causal estimates, complemented by alternative MR techniques, including MR-Egger, weighted median, and MR-pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO). Furthermore, sensitivity analyses and multivariable MR were performed to enhance the robustness of our findings. Higher educational attainment exhibited associations with increased eBMD (β: .06, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.01-0.10, P = 7.24 × 10-3), and reduced risks of osteoporosis (OR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.65-0.94, P = 8.49 × 10-3), spine fracture (OR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.66-0.88, P = 2.94 × 10-4), femur fracture (OR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.67-0.91, P = 1.33 × 10-3), lower leg-ankle fracture (OR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.70-0.88, P = 2.05 × 10-5), foot fracture (OR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.66-0.93, P = 5.92 × 10-3), and wrist-hand fracture (OR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.73-0.95, P = 7.15 × 10-3). Material deprivation appeared to increase the risk of spine fracture (OR: 2.63, 95% CI: 1.43-4.85, P = 1.91 × 10-3). A higher FN-BMD level positively affected increased household income (β: .03, 95% CI: 0.01-0.04, P = 6.78 × 10-3). All these estimates were adjusted for body mass index, type 2 diabetes, smoking initiation, and frequency of alcohol intake. The MR analyses show that higher educational levels is associated with higher eBMD, reduced risk of osteoporosis and fractures, while material deprivation is positively related to spine fracture. Enhanced FN-BMD correlates with increased household income. These findings provide valuable insights for health guideline formulation and policy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yue Duan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Rui-Xuan You
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Clinical Medical Research Center for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases in Hunan Province, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Su-Kang Shan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Ming-Hui Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Li-Min Lei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Fu-Xing-Zi Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Bei Guo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Yun-Yun Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Ke-Xin Tang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Ye-Chi Cao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Yan-Lin Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Si-Yang He
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Rong Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Clinical Medical Research Center for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases in Hunan Province, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Ling-Qing Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
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Chen J, Ruan X, Fu T, Lu S, Gill D, He Z, Burgess S, Giovannucci EL, Larsson SC, Deng M, Yuan S, Li X. Sedentary lifestyle, physical activity, and gastrointestinal diseases: evidence from mendelian randomization analysis. EBioMedicine 2024; 103:105110. [PMID: 38583262 PMCID: PMC11004085 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The causal associations of physical activity and sedentary behavior with the risk of gastrointestinal disease are unclear. We performed a Mendelian randomization analysis to examine these associations. METHODS Genetic instruments associated with leisure screen time (LST, an indicator of a sedentary lifestyle) and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) at the genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10-8) level were selected from a genome-wide association study. Summary statistics for gastrointestinal diseases were obtained from the UK Biobank study, the FinnGen study, and large consortia. Multivariable MR analyses were conducted for genetically determined LST with adjustment for MVPA and vice versa. We also performed multivariable MR with adjustment for genetically proxied smoking, body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio, type 2 diabetes, and fasting insulin for both exposures. FINDINGS Genetically proxied longer LST was associated with an increased risk of gastrointestinal reflux, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, chronic gastritis, irritable bowel syndrome, diverticular disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, cholangitis, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, and acute appendicitis. Most associations remained after adjustment for genetic liability to MVPA. Genetic liability to MVPA was associated with decreased risk of gastroesophageal reflux, gastric ulcer, chronic gastritis, irritable bowel syndrome, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, acute and chronic pancreatitis. The associations attenuated albeit directionally remained after adjusting for genetically predicted LST. Multivariable MR analysis found that BMI and type 2 diabetes mediated the associations of LST and MVPA with several gastrointestinal diseases. INTERPRETATION The study suggests that a sedentary lifestyle may play a causal role in the development of many gastrointestinal diseases. FUNDING Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Zhejiang Province (LR22H260001), Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2021JJ30999), Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation (Hjärt-Lungfonden, 20210351), Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsrådet, 2019-00977), Swedish Cancer Society (Cancerfonden), the Wellcome Trust (225790/7/22/Z), United Kingdom Research and Innovation Medical Research Council (MC_UU_00002/7) and National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre (NHIR203312).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xixian Ruan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tian Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shiyuan Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dipender Gill
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Zixuan He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Stephen Burgess
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Susanna C Larsson
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Unit of Medical Epidemiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Minzi Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Shuai Yuan
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Xue Li
- School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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Gu M, Wen M, Wu D, Xie T, Wang X. Independent associations of education, intelligence, and cognition with gastrointestinal diseases and the mediating effects of risk factors: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1342358. [PMID: 38410751 PMCID: PMC10894976 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1342358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Education, intelligence and cognition affect occupational performance and socioeconomic status and may influence virous diseases development. However, the impact of these factors on gastrointestinal diseases and their mediating risk factors remains unclear. Methods We utilized genome-wide association studies from European ancestry populations to perform two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses, aiming to estimate genetic instruments associated with education, intelligence, or cognition in relation to 24 gastrointestinal diseases Subsequently, we evaluated 14 potential mediators of this association and calculated the corresponding mediated proportions through two-step Mendelian randomization analyses. Result As the dominant factor in gastrointestinal diseases, education had a statistically significant association with 2 gastrointestinal diseases (acute pancreatitis, gastroesophageal reflux) and a suggestive association with 6 diseases (cirrhosis, alcoholic liver disease, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, chronic gastritis and gastric ulcer). Of the 14 mediators, smoking and adiposity traits played a major role in mediating the effects. Conclusion The study demonstrated the causal, independent impact of education on specific gastrointestinal diseases. Smoking and adiposity traits emerged as primary mediators, illuminating potential avenues for targeted interventions for prevention of them.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xinxin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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