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Xi Q, Yang G, He X, Zhuang H, Li L, Lin B, Wang L, Wang X, Fang C, Chen Q, Yang Y, Yu Z, Zhang H, Cai W, Li Y, Shen H, Liu L, Zhang R. M 6A-mediated upregulation of lncRNA TUG1 in liver cancer cells regulates the antitumor response of CD8 + T cells and phagocytosis of macrophages. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2400695. [PMID: 38981064 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Tumor immune evasion relies on the crosstalk between tumor cells and adaptive/innate immune cells. Immune checkpoints play critical roles in the crosstalk, and immune checkpoint inhibitors have achieved promising clinical effects. The long non-coding RNA taurine-upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) is upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, how TUG1 is upregulated and the effects on tumor immune evasion are incompletely understood. Here, METTL3-mediated m6A modification led to TUG1 upregulation is demonstrated. Knockdown of TUG1 inhibited tumor growth and metastasis, increased the infiltration of CD8+ T cells and M1-like macrophages in tumors, promoted the activation of CD8+ T cells through PD-L1, and improved the phagocytosis of macrophages through CD47. Mechanistically, TUG1 regulated PD-L1 and CD47 expressions by acting as a sponge of miR-141 and miR-340, respectively. Meanwhile, TUG1 interacted with YBX1 to facilitate the upregulation of PD-L1 and CD47 transcriptionally, which ultimately regulated tumor immune evasion. Clinically, TUG1 positively correlated with PD-L1 and CD47 in HCC tissues. Moreover, the combination of Tug1-siRNA therapy with a Pdl1 antibody effectively suppressed tumor growth. Therefore, the mechanism of TUG1 in regulating tumor immune evasion is revealed and can inform existing strategies targeting TUG1 for enhancing HCC immune therapy and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 511442, China
| | - Guangze Yang
- Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Diseases of Educational Ministry of China, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xue He
- Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 51006, China
| | - Hao Zhuang
- Department of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Li Li
- Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 51006, China
| | - Bing Lin
- Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 51006, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 51006, China
| | - Xianyang Wang
- Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 51006, China
| | - Chunqiang Fang
- Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 51006, China
| | - Qiurui Chen
- Department of Bioscience, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 51006, China
| | - Yongjie Yang
- Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 51006, China
| | - Zhaoan Yu
- Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 51006, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 51006, China
| | - Wenqian Cai
- Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 51006, China
| | - Yan Li
- Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 51006, China
| | - Han Shen
- Department of Bioscience, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 51006, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Radiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Rongxin Zhang
- Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 51006, China
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2
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Toledo B, Zhu Chen L, Paniagua-Sancho M, Marchal JA, Perán M, Giovannetti E. Deciphering the performance of macrophages in tumour microenvironment: a call for precision immunotherapy. J Hematol Oncol 2024; 17:44. [PMID: 38863020 PMCID: PMC11167803 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-024-01559-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages infiltrating tumour tissues or residing in the microenvironment of solid tumours are known as tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs). These specialized immune cells play crucial roles in tumour growth, angiogenesis, immune regulation, metastasis, and chemoresistance. TAMs encompass various subpopulations, primarily classified into M1 and M2 subtypes based on their differentiation and activities. M1 macrophages, characterized by a pro-inflammatory phenotype, exert anti-tumoural effects, while M2 macrophages, with an anti-inflammatory phenotype, function as protumoural regulators. These highly versatile cells respond to stimuli from tumour cells and other constituents within the tumour microenvironment (TME), such as growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, and enzymes. These stimuli induce their polarization towards one phenotype or another, leading to complex interactions with TME components and influencing both pro-tumour and anti-tumour processes.This review comprehensively and deeply covers the literature on macrophages, their origin and function as well as the intricate interplay between macrophages and the TME, influencing the dual nature of TAMs in promoting both pro- and anti-tumour processes. Moreover, the review delves into the primary pathways implicated in macrophage polarization, examining the diverse stimuli that regulate this process. These stimuli play a crucial role in shaping the phenotype and functions of macrophages. In addition, the advantages and limitations of current macrophage based clinical interventions are reviewed, including enhancing TAM phagocytosis, inducing TAM exhaustion, inhibiting TAM recruitment, and polarizing TAMs towards an M1-like phenotype. In conclusion, while the treatment strategies targeting macrophages in precision medicine show promise, overcoming several obstacles is still necessary to achieve an accessible and efficient immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Toledo
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Campus Lagunillas, Jaén, E-23071, Spain
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Linrui Zhu Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - María Paniagua-Sancho
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, E-18100, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada-Universidad de Granada, Granada, E-18071, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, E-18016, Spain
- Excellence Research Unit "Modeling Nature" (MNat), University of Granada, Granada, E-18016, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Marchal
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, E-18100, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada-Universidad de Granada, Granada, E-18071, Spain
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, E-18016, Spain
- Excellence Research Unit "Modeling Nature" (MNat), University of Granada, Granada, E-18016, Spain
| | - Macarena Perán
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Campus Lagunillas, Jaén, E-23071, Spain.
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, E-18100, Spain.
- Excellence Research Unit "Modeling Nature" (MNat), University of Granada, Granada, E-18016, Spain.
| | - Elisa Giovannetti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Cancer Pharmacology Lab, Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza, San Giuliano, Pisa, 56017, Italy.
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Kashefi S, Mohammadi-Yeganeh S, Ghorbani-Bidkorpeh F, Shabani M, Koochaki A, Haji Molla Hoseini M. The anti-cancer properties of miR-340 plasmid-chitosan complexes (miR-340 CC) on murine model of breast cancer. J Drug Target 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38805391 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2024.2361675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
MiRNA-340 (miR-340) has been found to have tumour-suppressing effects in breast cancer (BC). However, for clinical use, miRNAs need to be delivered safely and effectively to protect them from degradation. In our previous study, we used chitosan complexes as a safe carrier with anti-cancer properties to deliver miR-340 plasmid into 4T1 cells. This study explored further information concerning the anti-cancer impacts of both chitosan and miR-340 plasmid in a murine model of BC. Mice bearing 4T1 cells were intra-tumorally administered miR-340 plasmid-chitosan complexes (miR-340 CC). Afterwards, the potential of miR-340 CC in promoting anti-tumour immune responses was evaluated. MiR-340 CC significantly reduced tumour size, inhibited metastasis, and prolonged the survival of mice. MiR-340 CC up-regulates P-27 gene expression related to cancer cell apoptosis, and down-regulates gene expressions involved in angiogenesis and metastasis (breast regression protein-39 (BRP-39)) and CD163 as an anti-inflammatory macrophages (MQs) marker. Furthermore, CD47 expression as a MQs immune check-point was remarkably decreased after miR-340 CC treatment. The level of IL-12 in splenocytes of miR-340 CC treated mice increased, while the level of IL-10 decreased, indicating anti-cancer immune responses. Our findings display that miR-340 CC can be considered as a promising therapy in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarvenaz Kashefi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Mohammadi-Yeganeh
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ghorbani-Bidkorpeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Shabani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ameneh Koochaki
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Haji Molla Hoseini
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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4
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Mok ETY, Chitty JL, Cox TR. miRNAs in pancreatic cancer progression and metastasis. Clin Exp Metastasis 2024; 41:163-186. [PMID: 38240887 PMCID: PMC11213741 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-023-10256-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Small non-coding RNA or microRNA (miRNA) are critical regulators of eukaryotic cells. Dysregulation of miRNA expression and function has been linked to a variety of diseases including cancer. They play a complex role in cancers, having both tumour suppressor and promoter properties. In addition, a single miRNA can be involved in regulating several mRNAs or many miRNAs can regulate a single mRNA, therefore assessing these roles is essential to a better understanding in cancer initiation and development. Pancreatic cancer is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide, in part due to the lack of diagnostic tools and limited treatment options. The most common form of pancreatic cancer, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), is characterised by major genetic mutations that drive cancer initiation and progression. The regulation or interaction of miRNAs with these cancer driving mutations suggests a strong link between the two. Understanding this link between miRNA and PDAC progression may give rise to novel treatments or diagnostic tools. This review summarises the role of miRNAs in PDAC, the downstream signalling pathways that they play a role in, how these are being used and studied as therapeutic targets as well as prognostic/diagnostic tools to improve the clinical outcome of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellie T Y Mok
- Matrix & Metastasis Lab, Cancer Ecosystems Program, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, St Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jessica L Chitty
- Matrix & Metastasis Lab, Cancer Ecosystems Program, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.
- School of Clinical Medicine, St Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Thomas R Cox
- Matrix & Metastasis Lab, Cancer Ecosystems Program, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.
- School of Clinical Medicine, St Vincent's Healthcare Clinical Campus, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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5
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Olaoba OT, Yang M, Adelusi TI, Maidens T, Kimchi ET, Staveley-O’Carroll KF, Li G. Targeted Therapy for Highly Desmoplastic and Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1470. [PMID: 38672552 PMCID: PMC11048089 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal malignancy with a very poor prognosis. Despite advancements in treatment strategies, PDAC remains recalcitrant to therapies because patients are often diagnosed at an advanced stage. The advanced stage of PDAC is characterized by metastasis, which typically renders it unresectable by surgery or untreatable by chemotherapy. The tumor microenvironment (TME) of PDAC comprises highly proliferative myofibroblast-like cells and hosts the intense deposition of a extracellular matrix component that forms dense fibrous connective tissue, a process called the desmoplastic reaction. In desmoplastic TMEs, the incessant aberration of signaling pathways contributes to immunosuppression by suppressing antitumor immunity. This feature offers a protective barrier that impedes the targeted delivery of drugs. In addition, the efficacy of immunotherapy is compromised because of the immune cold TME of PDAC. Targeted therapy approaches towards stromal and immunosuppressive TMEs are challenging. In this review, we discuss cellular and non-cellular TME components that contain actionable targets for drug development. We also highlight findings from preclinical studies and provide updates about the efficacies of new investigational drugs in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olamide T. Olaoba
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (O.T.O.); (M.Y.); (T.I.A.); (T.M.); (E.T.K.)
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (O.T.O.); (M.Y.); (T.I.A.); (T.M.); (E.T.K.)
| | - Temitope I. Adelusi
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (O.T.O.); (M.Y.); (T.I.A.); (T.M.); (E.T.K.)
- Roy Blunt NextGen Precision Health Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Tessa Maidens
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (O.T.O.); (M.Y.); (T.I.A.); (T.M.); (E.T.K.)
| | - Eric T. Kimchi
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (O.T.O.); (M.Y.); (T.I.A.); (T.M.); (E.T.K.)
- Roy Blunt NextGen Precision Health Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
- Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Kevin F. Staveley-O’Carroll
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (O.T.O.); (M.Y.); (T.I.A.); (T.M.); (E.T.K.)
- Roy Blunt NextGen Precision Health Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
- Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Guangfu Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (O.T.O.); (M.Y.); (T.I.A.); (T.M.); (E.T.K.)
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Roy Blunt NextGen Precision Health Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
- Ellis Fischel Cancer Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
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6
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Tong S, Zhu Y, Leng Y, Wu Y, Xiao X, Zhao W, Tan S. Restoration of miR-299-3p promotes macrophage phagocytosis and suppresses malignant phenotypes in breast cancer carcinogenesis via dual-targeting CD47 and ABCE1. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111708. [PMID: 38394889 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Immunoevasion has been a severe obstacle for the clinical treatment of breast cancer (BC). CD47, known as an anti-phagocytic molecule, plays a key role in governing the evasion of tumor cells from immune surveillance by interacting with signal-regulated protein α (SIRPα) on macrophages. Here, we report for the first time that miR-299-3p is a direct regulator of CD47 with tumor suppressive effects both in vitro and in vivo. miRNA expression profiles and overall survival of BC cohorts from the Cancer Genome Atlas, METABRIC, or GSE19783 datasets showed that miR-299-3p is downregulated in BC tissues and that BC patients with low levels of miR-299-3p have poorer prognoses. Using dual-luciferase reporter, qRT-PCR, Western blot, and phagocytosis assays, we proved that restoration of miR-299-3p can suppress CD47 expression by directly targeting the predicted seed sequence "CCCACAU" in its 3'-UTR, leading to phagocytosis of BC cells by macrophages, whereas miR-299-3p inhibition or deletion reversed this effect. Additionally, Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and a variety of confirmatory experiments revealed that miR-299-3p was inversely correlated with cell proliferation, migration, and the cell cycle process. Mechanistically, miR-299-3p can also directly target ABCE1, an essential ribosome recycling factor, alleviating these malignant phenotypes of BC cells. In vivo BC xenografts based on nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient (NOD/SCID) mice further proved that restoration of miR-299-3p resulted in a significant suppression of tumorigenesis and a promotion of macrophage activation and infiltration. Overall, our study suggested that miR-299-3p is a potent inhibitor of CD47 and ABCE1 to exhibit bifunctional BC-suppressing effects through immune activation conjugated with malignant behavior inhibition in breast carcinogenesis and thus can potentially serve as a novel therapeutic target for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoufang Tong
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druhavggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Yingli Zhu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druhavggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Yeqing Leng
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druhavggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Yunling Wu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druhavggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Xingxing Xiao
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druhavggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Wenfeng Zhao
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druhavggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Shuhua Tan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druhavggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
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7
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Liang DM, Li YJ, Zhang JX, Shen HH, Wu CX, Xie N, Liang Y, Li YM, Xue JN, Sun HF, Wang Q, Yang J, Li XH, Wang PY, Xie SY. m6A-methylated KCTD21-AS1 regulates macrophage phagocytosis through CD47 and cell autophagy through TIPR. Commun Biol 2024; 7:215. [PMID: 38383737 PMCID: PMC10881998 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05854-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Blocking immune checkpoint CD47/SIRPα is a useful strategy to engineer macrophages for cancer immunotherapy. However, the roles of CD47-related noncoding RNA in regulating macrophage phagocytosis for lung cancer therapy remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the effects of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) on the phagocytosis of macrophage via CD47 and the proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) via TIPRL. Our results demonstrate that lncRNA KCTD21-AS1 increases in NSCLC tissues and is associated with poor survival of patients. KCTD21-AS1 and its m6A modification by Mettl14 promote NSCLC cell proliferation. miR-519d-5p gain suppresses the proliferation and metastasis of NSCLC cells by regulating CD47 and TIPRL. Through ceRNA with miR-519d-5p, KCTD21-AS1 regulates the expression of CD47 and TIPRL, which further regulates macrophage phagocytosis and cancer cell autophagy. Low miR-519d-5p in patients with NSCLC corresponds with poor survival. High TIPRL or CD47 levels in patients with NSCLC corresponds with poor survival. In conclusion, we demonstrate that KCTD21-AS1 and its m6A modification promote NSCLC cell proliferation, whereas miR-519d-5p inhibits this process by regulating CD47 and TIPRL expression, which further affects macrophage phagocytosis and cell autophagy. This study provides a strategy through miR-519-5p gain or KCTD21-AS1 depletion for NSCLC therapy by regulating CD47 and TIPRL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Min Liang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, Shandong, 264003, PR China
- Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing (Yantai), Shandong, 264000, PR China
| | - You-Jie Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, Shandong, 264003, PR China
| | - Jia-Xiang Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, Shandong, 264003, PR China
| | - Huan-Huan Shen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, Shandong, 264003, PR China
| | - Chun-Xia Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, Shandong, 264003, PR China
| | - Ning Xie
- Department of Chest Surgery, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, PR China
| | - Yan Liang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, Shandong, 264003, PR China
| | - Yan-Mei Li
- Department of Immune Rheumatism, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 264000, PR China
| | - Jiang-Nan Xue
- Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, PR China
| | - Hong-Fang Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, Shandong, 264003, PR China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, Shandong, 264003, PR China
| | - Jian Yang
- Yantai Central Blood Station, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, PR China
| | - Xiao-Hua Li
- Yantai Central Blood Station, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, PR China
| | - Ping-Yu Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, Shandong, 264003, PR China.
- Department of Epidemiology, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, PR China.
| | - Shu-Yang Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, Shandong, 264003, PR China.
- Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing (Yantai), Shandong, 264000, PR China.
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8
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Kashefi S, Mohammadi-Yeganeh S, Ghorbani-Bidkorpeh F, Shabani M, Koochaki A, Safarzadeh M, Hoseini MHM. Anti-cancer Effects of a Chitosan Based Nanoformulation Expressing miR-340 on 4T1 Breast Cancer Cells. J Pharm Sci 2024; 113:445-454. [PMID: 37806438 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have a crucial role in the regulation of gene expression in tumor development, invasion, and metastasis. Herein, miRNA-340 (miR-340) has been shown to play tumor suppressor activity in breast cancer (BC). However, the clinical applications of miRNAs request the development of safe and effective delivery systems capable of protecting nucleic acids from degradation. In this study, biodegradable chitosan nanoparticles incorporating miR-340 plasmid DNA (pDNA) (miR-340 CNPs) were synthesized and characterized. Then, the anti-tumor effects of miR-340 CNPs were investigated using 4T1 BCE cells. The spherical nanoparticles (NPs) with an appropriate mean diameter of around 266 ± 9.3 nm and zeta potential of +17 ± 1.8 mV were successfully prepared. The NPs showed good stability, high entrapment efficiency and a reasonable release behavior, meanwhile their high resistance against enzymatic degradation was verified. Furthermore, NPs demonstrated appropriate transfection efficiency and could induce apoptosis, so had toxicity in 4T1 BCE cells. Also, CD47 expression on the surface of cancer cells was significantly reduced after treatment with miR-340 CNPs. The results showed that miR-340 CNPs augmented the expression of P-27 in BC cells. Furthermore, miR-340 CNPs caused down-regulation of BRP-39 (breast regression protein-39) increasingly suggested as a prognostic biomarker for neoplastic diseases like BC. In conclusion, our data show that miR-340 CNPs can be considered as a promising new platform for BC gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarvenaz Kashefi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Mohammadi-Yeganeh
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ghorbani-Bidkorpeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Shabani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ameneh Koochaki
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mostafa Haji Molla Hoseini
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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9
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Zhou X, Yan Z, Hou J, Zhang L, Chen Z, Gao C, Ahmad NH, Guo M, Wang W, Han T, Chang T, Kang X, Wang L, Liang Y, Li X. The Hippo-YAP signaling pathway drives CD24-mediated immune evasion in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via macrophage phagocytosis. Oncogene 2024; 43:495-510. [PMID: 38168654 PMCID: PMC10857940 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02923-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most lethal malignancies in the world with poor prognosis. Despite the promising applications of immunotherapy, the objective response rate is still unsatisfactory. We have previously shown that Hippo/YAP signaling acts as a powerful tumor promoter in ESCC. However, whether Hippo/YAP signaling is involved in tumor immune escape in ESCC remains largely unknown. Here, we show that YAP directly activates transcription of the "don't eat me" signal CD24, and plays a crucial role in driving tumor cells to avoid phagocytosis by macrophages. Mechanistically, YAP regulates CD24 expression by interacting with TEAD and binding the CD24 promoter to initiate transcription, which facilitates tumor cell escape from macrophage-mediated immune attack. Our animal model data and clinical data show that YAP combined with CD24 in tumor microenvironment redefines the impact of TAMs on the prognosis of ESCC patients which will provide a valuable basis for precision medicine. Moreover, treatment with YAP inhibitor altered the distribution of macrophages and suppressed tumorigenesis and progression of ESCC in vivo. Together, our study provides a novel link between Hippo/YAP signaling and macrophage-mediated immune escape, which suggests that the Hippo-YAP-CD24 axis may act as a promising target to improve the prognosis of ESCC patients. A proposed model for the regulatory mechanism of Hippo-YAP-CD24-signaling axis in the tumor-associated macrophages mediated immune escape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Zhou
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Therapy Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, PR China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory for Molecular Therapy of Cancer, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Ziyi Yan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Therapy Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, PR China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory for Molecular Therapy of Cancer, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, PR China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Jinghan Hou
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Therapy Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, PR China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory for Molecular Therapy of Cancer, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, PR China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Lichen Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of immunology and targeted therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Therapy Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, PR China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory for Molecular Therapy of Cancer, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, PR China
- Department of Biomedical Science Advanced Medical and Science Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam 13200 Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Can Gao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Therapy Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, PR China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory for Molecular Therapy of Cancer, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, PR China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Nor Hazwani Ahmad
- Department of Biomedical Science Advanced Medical and Science Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam 13200 Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Mingzhou Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, #28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, PR China
| | - Weilong Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Therapy Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, PR China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory for Molecular Therapy of Cancer, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, PR China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, PR China
- Department of Biomedical Science Advanced Medical and Science Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam 13200 Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Tao Han
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Therapy Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, PR China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory for Molecular Therapy of Cancer, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Tingmin Chang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Therapy Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, PR China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory for Molecular Therapy of Cancer, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, PR China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Kang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Lidong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yinming Liang
- Henan Key Laboratory of immunology and targeted therapy, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, PR China
| | - Xiumin Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Therapy Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, PR China.
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory for Molecular Therapy of Cancer, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, PR China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, PR China.
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10
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García-Giménez JL, Saadi W, Ortega AL, Lahoz A, Suay G, Carretero J, Pereda J, Fatmi A, Pallardó FV, Mena-Molla S. miRNAs Related to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Response: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1737. [PMID: 38339019 PMCID: PMC10855819 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has represented a breakthrough in the treatment of many cancers, although a high number of patients fail to respond to ICIs, which is partially due to the ability of tumor cells to evade immune system surveillance. Non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to modulate the immune evasion of tumor cells, and there is thus growing interest in elucidating whether these miRNAs could be targetable or proposed as novel biomarkers for prognosis and treatment response to ICIs. We therefore performed an extensive literature analysis to evaluate the clinical utility of miRNAs with a confirmed direct relationship with treatment response to ICIs. As a result of this systematic review, we have stratified the miRNA landscape into (i) miRNAs whose levels directly modulate response to ICIs, (ii) miRNAs whose expression is modulated by ICIs, and (iii) miRNAs that directly elicit toxic effects or participate in immune-related adverse events (irAEs) caused by ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis García-Giménez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (J.L.G.-G.); (F.V.P.)
- INCLIVA Health Research Institute, INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Consortium Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Wiam Saadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature, Life and Earth Sciences, University of Djillali Bounaama, Khemis Miliana 44225, Algeria;
| | - Angel L. Ortega
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (A.L.O.); (J.C.); (J.P.)
| | - Agustin Lahoz
- Biomarkers and Precision Medicine Unit, Health Research Institute-Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
- Analytical Unit, Health Research Institute-Hospital La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Guillermo Suay
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Julián Carretero
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (A.L.O.); (J.C.); (J.P.)
| | - Javier Pereda
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (A.L.O.); (J.C.); (J.P.)
| | - Ahlam Fatmi
- Department of Microbiology & Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of M’sila, M’sila 28000, Algeria;
| | - Federico V. Pallardó
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (J.L.G.-G.); (F.V.P.)
- INCLIVA Health Research Institute, INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Consortium Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Salvador Mena-Molla
- INCLIVA Health Research Institute, INCLIVA, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (A.L.O.); (J.C.); (J.P.)
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11
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Zhang S, Yang R, Ouyang Y, Shen Y, Hu L, Xu C. Cancer stem cells: a target for overcoming therapeutic resistance and relapse. Cancer Biol Med 2023; 20:j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0333. [PMID: 38164743 PMCID: PMC10845928 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a small subset of cells in cancers that are thought to initiate tumorous transformation and promote metastasis, recurrence, and resistance to treatment. Growing evidence has revealed the existence of CSCs in various types of cancers and suggested that CSCs differentiate into diverse lineage cells that contribute to tumor progression. We may be able to overcome the limitations of cancer treatment with a comprehensive understanding of the biological features and mechanisms underlying therapeutic resistance in CSCs. This review provides an overview of the properties, biomarkers, and mechanisms of resistance shown by CSCs. Recent findings on metabolic features, especially fatty acid metabolism and ferroptosis in CSCs, are highlighted, along with promising targeting strategies. Targeting CSCs is a potential treatment plan to conquer cancer and prevent resistance and relapse in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610042, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, Chengdu Wenjiang District People’s Hospital, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yujie Ouyang
- Acupuncture and Massage College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yang Shen
- Department of Oncology & Cancer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
- School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Lanlin Hu
- Department of Oncology & Cancer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
- Yu-Yue Pathology Scientific Research Center, Chongqing 400039, China
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, China
| | - Chuan Xu
- Department of Oncology & Cancer Institute, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
- Yu-Yue Pathology Scientific Research Center, Chongqing 400039, China
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, China
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12
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Basak U, Sarkar T, Mukherjee S, Chakraborty S, Dutta A, Dutta S, Nayak D, Kaushik S, Das T, Sa G. Tumor-associated macrophages: an effective player of the tumor microenvironment. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1295257. [PMID: 38035101 PMCID: PMC10687432 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1295257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer progression is primarily caused by interactions between transformed cells and the components of the tumor microenvironment (TME). TAMs (tumor-associated macrophages) make up the majority of the invading immune components, which are further categorized as anti-tumor M1 and pro-tumor M2 subtypes. While M1 is known to have anti-cancer properties, M2 is recognized to extend a protective role to the tumor. As a result, the tumor manipulates the TME in such a way that it induces macrophage infiltration and M1 to M2 switching bias to secure its survival. This M2-TAM bias in the TME promotes cancer cell proliferation, neoangiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, matrix remodeling for metastatic support, and TME manipulation to an immunosuppressive state. TAMs additionally promote the emergence of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are known for their ability to originate, metastasize, and relapse into tumors. CSCs also help M2-TAM by revealing immune escape and survival strategies during the initiation and relapse phases. This review describes the reasons for immunotherapy failure and, thereby, devises better strategies to impair the tumor-TAM crosstalk. This study will shed light on the understudied TAM-mediated tumor progression and address the much-needed holistic approach to anti-cancer therapy, which encompasses targeting cancer cells, CSCs, and TAMs all at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udit Basak
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Tania Sarkar
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Sumon Mukherjee
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Apratim Dutta
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Saikat Dutta
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Debadatta Nayak
- Central Council for Research in Homeopathy (CCRH), New Delhi, India
| | - Subhash Kaushik
- Central Council for Research in Homeopathy (CCRH), New Delhi, India
| | - Tanya Das
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Gaurisankar Sa
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
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13
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Bartkeviciene A, Jasukaitiene A, Zievyte I, Stukas D, Ivanauskiene S, Urboniene D, Maimets T, Jaudzems K, Vitkauskiene A, Matthews J, Dambrauskas Z, Gulbinas A. Association between AHR Expression and Immune Dysregulation in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Insights from Comprehensive Immune Profiling of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4639. [PMID: 37760608 PMCID: PMC10526859 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer, particularly pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), has an immune suppressive environment that allows tumour cells to evade the immune system. The aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a transcription factor that can be activated by certain exo/endo ligands, including kynurenine (KYN) and other tryptophan metabolites. Once activated, AHR regulates the expression of various genes involved in immune responses and inflammation. Previous studies have shown that AHR activation in PDAC can have both pro-tumorigenic and anti-tumorigenic effects, depending on the context. It can promote tumour growth and immune evasion by suppressing anti-tumour immune responses or induce anti-tumour effects by enhancing immune cell function. In this study involving 30 PDAC patients and 30 healthy individuals, peripheral blood samples were analysed. PDAC patients were categorized into Low (12 patients) and High/Medium (18 patients) AHR groups based on gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The Low AHR group showed distinct immune characteristics, including increased levels of immune-suppressive proteins such as PDL1, as well as alterations in lymphocyte and monocyte subtypes. Functional assays demonstrated changes in phagocytosis, nitric oxide production, and the expression of cytokines IL-1, IL-6, and IL-10. These findings indicate that AHR's expression level has a crucial role in immune dysregulation in PDAC and could be a potential target for early diagnostics and personalised therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arenida Bartkeviciene
- Laboratory of Surgical Gastroenterology, Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 4, 50103 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.J.); (I.Z.); (D.S.); (S.I.); (Z.D.); (A.G.)
| | - Aldona Jasukaitiene
- Laboratory of Surgical Gastroenterology, Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 4, 50103 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.J.); (I.Z.); (D.S.); (S.I.); (Z.D.); (A.G.)
| | - Inga Zievyte
- Laboratory of Surgical Gastroenterology, Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 4, 50103 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.J.); (I.Z.); (D.S.); (S.I.); (Z.D.); (A.G.)
| | - Darius Stukas
- Laboratory of Surgical Gastroenterology, Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 4, 50103 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.J.); (I.Z.); (D.S.); (S.I.); (Z.D.); (A.G.)
| | - Sandra Ivanauskiene
- Laboratory of Surgical Gastroenterology, Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 4, 50103 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.J.); (I.Z.); (D.S.); (S.I.); (Z.D.); (A.G.)
| | - Daiva Urboniene
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 4, 50103 Kaunas, Lithuania; (D.U.); (A.V.)
| | - Toivo Maimets
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 23, 51010 Tartu, Estonia;
| | - Kristaps Jaudzems
- Department of Physical Organic Chemistry, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Astra Vitkauskiene
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 4, 50103 Kaunas, Lithuania; (D.U.); (A.V.)
| | - Jason Matthews
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 1046 Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway;
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Zilvinas Dambrauskas
- Laboratory of Surgical Gastroenterology, Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 4, 50103 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.J.); (I.Z.); (D.S.); (S.I.); (Z.D.); (A.G.)
| | - Antanas Gulbinas
- Laboratory of Surgical Gastroenterology, Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 4, 50103 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.J.); (I.Z.); (D.S.); (S.I.); (Z.D.); (A.G.)
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14
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Tan S, Tang H, Wang Y, Xie P, Li H, Zhang Z, Zhou J. Tumor cell-derived exosomes regulate macrophage polarization: Emerging directions in the study of tumor genesis and development. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19296. [PMID: 37662730 PMCID: PMC10474436 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As an extracellular vesicle, exosomes play an important role in intercellular information transmission, delivering cargos of the parent cell, such as RNA, DNA, proteins, and lipids, activating different signaling pathways in the target cell and regulating inflammation, angiogenesis, and tumor progression. In particular, exosomes secreted by tumor cells can change the function of surrounding cells, creating a microenvironment conducive to tumor growth and metastasis. For example, after macrophages phagocytose exosomes and accept their cargos, they activate macrophage polarization-related signaling pathways and polarize macrophages into M1 or M2 types to exert antitumor or protumor functions. Currently, the study of exosomes affecting the polarization of macrophages has attracted increasing attention. Therefore, this paper reviews relevant studies in this field to better understand the mechanism of exosome-induced macrophage polarization and provide evidence for exploring novel targets for tumor therapy and new diagnostic markers in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Tan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haodong Tang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Peng Xie
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haifeng Li
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiahua Zhou
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary Surgery, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China
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15
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Hao Y, Zhou X, Li Y, Li B, Cheng L. The CD47-SIRPα axis is a promising target for cancer immunotherapies. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 120:110255. [PMID: 37187126 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation 47(CD47) is a transmembrane protein that is ubiquitously found on the surface of many cells in the body and uniquely overexpressed by both solid and hematologic malignant cells. CD47 interacts with signal-regulatory protein α (SIRPα), to trigger a "don't eat me" signal and thereby achieve cancer immune escape by inhibiting macrophage-mediated phagocytosis. Thus, blocking the CD47-SIRPα phagocytosis checkpoint, for release of the innate immune system, is a current research focus. Indeed, targeting the CD47-SIRPα axis as a cancer immunotherapy has shown promising efficacies in pre-clinical outcomes. Here, we first reviewed the origin, structure, and function of the CD47-SIRPα axis. Then, we reviewed its role as a target for cancer immunotherapies, as well as the factors regulating CD47-SIRPα axis-based immunotherapies. We specifically focused on the mechanism and progress of CD47-SIRPα axis-based immunotherapies and their combination with other treatment strategies. Finally, we discussed the challenges and directions for future research and identified potential CD47-SIRPα axis-based therapies that are suitable for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xinxuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yiling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bolei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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16
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Dong Q, Han D, Li B, Yang Y, Ren L, Xiao T, Zhang J, Li Z, Yang H, Liu H. Bionic lipoprotein loaded with chloroquine-mediated blocking immune escape improves antitumor immunotherapy. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 240:124342. [PMID: 37030459 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
Tumor immunotherapy hold great promise for eradicating tumors. However, immune escape and the immunosuppressive microenvironment of tumor usually limit the efficiency of tumor immunotherapy. Therefore, simultaneously blocking immune escape and improving immunosuppressive microenvironment are the current problems to be solved urgently. Among them, CD47 on cancer cells membrane could bind to signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα) on macrophages membrane and sent out "don't eat me" signal, which was an important pathway of immune escape. The large number of M2-type macrophages in tumor microenvironment was a significant factor contributing to the immunosuppressive microenvironment. Here, we present a drug loading system for enhancing cancer immunotherapy, comprising CD47 antibody (aCD47) and chloroquine (CQ) with Bionic lipoprotein (BLP) carrier (BLP-CQ-aCD47). On the one hand, as drug delivery carrier, BLP could allow CQ to be preferentially taken up by M2-type macrophages, thereby efficiently polarized M2-type tumor-promoting cells into M1-type anti-tumor cells. On the other hand, blocking CD47 from binding to SIRPα could block the "don't eat me" signal, and improve the phagocytosis of macrophages to tumor cells. Taken together, BLP-CQ-aCD47 could block immune escape, improve immunosuppressive microenvironment of tumor, and induce a strong immune response without substantial systemic toxicity. Therefore, it provides a new idea for tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Dong
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Dandan Han
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Baoku Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Lili Ren
- Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Tingshan Xiao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Jinchao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan 523059, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Shock and Microcirculation, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China.
| | - Huifang Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
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17
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Emerging phagocytosis checkpoints in cancer immunotherapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:104. [PMID: 36882399 PMCID: PMC9990587 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01365-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy, mainly including immune checkpoints-targeted therapy and the adoptive transfer of engineered immune cells, has revolutionized the oncology landscape as it utilizes patients' own immune systems in combating the cancer cells. Cancer cells escape immune surveillance by hijacking the corresponding inhibitory pathways via overexpressing checkpoint genes. Phagocytosis checkpoints, such as CD47, CD24, MHC-I, PD-L1, STC-1 and GD2, have emerged as essential checkpoints for cancer immunotherapy by functioning as "don't eat me" signals or interacting with "eat me" signals to suppress immune responses. Phagocytosis checkpoints link innate immunity and adaptive immunity in cancer immunotherapy. Genetic ablation of these phagocytosis checkpoints, as well as blockade of their signaling pathways, robustly augments phagocytosis and reduces tumor size. Among all phagocytosis checkpoints, CD47 is the most thoroughly studied and has emerged as a rising star among targets for cancer treatment. CD47-targeting antibodies and inhibitors have been investigated in various preclinical and clinical trials. However, anemia and thrombocytopenia appear to be formidable challenges since CD47 is ubiquitously expressed on erythrocytes. Here, we review the reported phagocytosis checkpoints by discussing their mechanisms and functions in cancer immunotherapy, highlight clinical progress in targeting these checkpoints and discuss challenges and potential solutions to smooth the way for combination immunotherapeutic strategies that involve both innate and adaptive immune responses.
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18
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Li D, Shi Z, Liu X, Jin S, Chen P, Zhang Y, Chen G, Fan X, Yang J, Lin H. Identification and development of a novel risk model based on cuproptosis-associated RNA methylation regulators for predicting prognosis and characterizing immune status in hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Int 2023; 17:112-130. [PMID: 36598701 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-022-10460-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cuproptosis, a novel cell death caused by excess copper, is quite obscure in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and needs more investigation. METHODS RNA-seq and clinical data of HCC patients TCGA database were analyzed to establish a predictive model through LASSO Cox regression analysis. External dataset ICGC was used for the verification. GSEA and CIBERSORT were applied to investigate the molecular mechanisms and immune microenvironment of HCC. Cuproptosis induced by elesclomol was confirmed via various in vitro experiments. The expression of prognostic genes was verified in HCC tissues using qRT-PCR analysis. RESULTS Initially, 18 cuproptosis-associated RNA methylation regulators (CARMRs) were selected for prognostic analysis. A nine-gene signature was created by applying the LASSO Cox regression method. Survival and ROC assays were carried out to validate the model using TCGA and ICGC database. Moreover, there exhibited obvious differences in drug sensitivity in terms of common drugs. A higher tumor mutation burden was shown in the high-risk group. Additionally, significant discrepancies were found between the two groups in metabolic pathways and RNA processing via GSEA analysis. Meanwhile, CIBERSORT analysis indicated different infiltrating levels of various immune cells between the two groups. Elesclomol treatment caused a unique form of programmed cell death accompanied by loss of lipoylated mitochondrial proteins and Fe-S cluster protein. The results of qRT-PCR indicated that most prognostic genes were differentially expressed in the HCC tissues. CONCLUSION Overall, our predictive signature displayed potential value in the prediction of overall survival of HCC patients and might provide valuable clues for personalized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duguang Li
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310016, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoqi Shi
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310016, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengxi Jin
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310016, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310016, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqiao Chen
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiao Fan
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou, 310016, People's Republic of China. .,Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Cognitive Healthcare, School of Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China. .,College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Deng Y, Xiao M, Wan AH, Li J, Sun L, Liang H, Wang QP, Yin S, Bu X, Wan G. RNA and RNA Derivatives: Light and Dark Sides in Cancer Immunotherapy. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:1266-1290. [PMID: 35369726 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Immunotherapy, which utilizes the patient's immune system to fight tumor cells, has been approved for the treatment of some types of advanced cancer. Recent Advances: The complexity and diversity of tumor immunity are responsible for the varying response rates toward current immunotherapy strategies and highlight the importance of exploring regulators in tumor immunotherapy. Several genetic factors have proved to be critical regulators of tumor immunotherapy. RNAs, including messenger RNAs and non-coding RNAs, play vital and diverse roles in tumorigenesis, metastasis, drug resistance, and immunotherapy response. RNA modifications, including N6-methyladenosine methylation, are involved in tumor immunity. Critical Issues: A critical issue is the lack of summary of the regulatory RNA molecules and their derivatives in mediating immune activities in human cancers that could provide potential applications for tumor immunotherapeutic strategy. Future Directions: This review summarizes the dual roles (the light and dark sides) of RNA and its derivatives in tumor immunotherapy and discusses the development of RNA-based therapies as novel immunotherapeutic strategies for cancer treatment. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 1266-1290.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Deng
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, National Engineering Research Center for New Drug and Druggability (Cultivation), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Xiao
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, National Engineering Research Center for New Drug and Druggability (Cultivation), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Arabella H Wan
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiarui Li
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, National Engineering Research Center for New Drug and Druggability (Cultivation), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Sun
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, National Engineering Research Center for New Drug and Druggability (Cultivation), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Heng Liang
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, National Engineering Research Center for New Drug and Druggability (Cultivation), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiao-Ping Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sheng Yin
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, National Engineering Research Center for New Drug and Druggability (Cultivation), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianzhang Bu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, National Engineering Research Center for New Drug and Druggability (Cultivation), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guohui Wan
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, National Engineering Research Center for New Drug and Druggability (Cultivation), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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20
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Li X, Gulati M, Larson AC, Solheim JC, Jain M, Kumar S, Batra SK. Immune checkpoint blockade in pancreatic cancer: Trudging through the immune desert. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:14-27. [PMID: 36041672 PMCID: PMC9713834 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) has exceptionally high mortality due to ineffective treatment strategies. Immunotherapy, which mobilizes the immune system to fight against cancer, has been proven successful in multiple cancers; however, its application in PC has met with limited success. In this review, we articulated that the pancreatic tumor microenvironment is immuno-suppressive with extensive infiltration by M2-macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressive cells but low numbers of cytotoxic T-cells. In addition, low mutational load and poor antigen processing, presentation, and recognition contribute to the limited response to immunotherapy in PC. Immune checkpoints, the critical targets for immunotherapy, have high expression in PC and stromal cells, regulated by tumor microenvironmental milieu (cytokine and metabolites) and cell-intrinsic mechanisms (epigenetic regulation, oncogenic signaling, and post-translational modifications). Combining immunotherapy with modulators of the tumor microenvironment may facilitate the development of novel therapeutic regimens to manage PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Mansi Gulati
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Alaina C Larson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Joyce C Solheim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Maneesh Jain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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21
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Swamy K. Vascular normalization and immunotherapy: Spawning a virtuous cycle. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1002957. [PMID: 36276103 PMCID: PMC9582256 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1002957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-angiogenics, radiotherapy (especially stereotactic body radiotherapy, SBRT)/chemotherapy, and immunotherapy form a critical trimodal approach in modern cancer therapy. The normalization window, however short, is the beachhead for the strategic initiation of a decipherable disruption of cancer cells. This opening can be the opportunity for designing controlled stepwise cancer cell death (CCD) and immunological augmentation. The next step is to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) through chemotherapy/radiotherapy concurrently with the facilitation of professional phagocytosis. Immunotherapy at this stage, when interstitial pressure decreases considerably, leads to the improved perfusion of oxygen with solutes and improved immune-friendly pH and is additionally expected to open up the tumor microenvironment (TME) for a “flood” of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Furthermore, there would be enhanced interaction in “hot” nodules and the incorporation of immune reaction in “cold” nodules. Simultaneously, the added adjuvant-assisted neoantigen–immune cell interaction will likely set in a virtuous cycle of CCD induction followed by tumor cell-specific antigenic reaction boosting CCD, in turn promoting the normalization of the vasculature, completing the loop. There should be a conscious concern to protect the extracellular matrix (ECM), which will nurture the long-term immunological cross-talk to discourage dormancy, which is as essential as obtaining a complete response in imaging. The caveat is that the available therapies should be appropriately ranked during the start of the treatment since the initial administration is the most opportune period. A fast-paced development in the nanomedicine field is likely to assist in all the steps enumerated.
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22
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Liu X, Zhang H, Cao J, Zhuo Y, Jin J, Gao Q, Yuan X, Yang L, Li D, Wang Y. Isobavachalcone Activates Antitumor Immunity on Orthotopic Pancreatic Cancer Model: A Screening and Validation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:919035. [PMID: 36091768 PMCID: PMC9452641 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.919035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is accompanied by poor prognosis and accounts for a significant number of deaths every year. Since Psoralea corylifolia L. (PCL) possesses a broad spectrum of bioactivities, it is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine. The study explored potential antitumor agents of PCL and underlying mechanisms in vitro and vivo. Based on network pharmacology, bioinformatics, and molecular docking, we considered isobavachalcone (IBC) as a valuable compound. The activity and potential mechanisms of IBC were investigated by RT-qPCR, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry. It was confirmed that IBC could inhibit Panc 02 cell proliferation and induce apoptosis via increasing the production of reactive oxygen species. IBC could attenuate the weight of solid tumors, increase CD8+ T cells, and reduce M2 macrophages in the tumor tissue and spleen. Another promising finding was that IBC alleviated the proportion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the tumor tissue but had no change in the spleen. The study of pharmacological effects of IBC was carried out and suggested IBC restrained M2-like polarization of RAW 264.7 cells by inhibiting the expression of ARG1 and MRC1 and suppressed the expression of ARG1 and TGF-β in bone marrow-derived MDSC. In summary, this research screened IBC as an antineoplastic agent, which could attenuate the growth of pancreatic cancer via activating the immune activity and inducing cell apoptosis. It might be a reference for the antitumor ability of IBC and the treatment of the tumor microenvironment in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanming Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianlin Cao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Shanxi, China
| | - Yuzhen Zhuo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiahui Jin
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiaoying Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiangfei Yuan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Yang, @126.com; Dihua Li, ; Yan Wang,
| | - Dihua Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Yang, @126.com; Dihua Li, ; Yan Wang,
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Yang, @126.com; Dihua Li, ; Yan Wang,
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23
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Chan C, Lustig M, Baumann N, Valerius T, van Tetering G, Leusen JHW. Targeting Myeloid Checkpoint Molecules in Combination With Antibody Therapy: A Novel Anti-Cancer Strategy With IgA Antibodies? Front Immunol 2022; 13:932155. [PMID: 35865547 PMCID: PMC9295600 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.932155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy with therapeutic antibodies has shown a lack of durable responses in some patients due to resistance mechanisms. Checkpoint molecules expressed by tumor cells have a deleterious impact on clinical responses to therapeutic antibodies. Myeloid checkpoints, which negatively regulate macrophage and neutrophil anti-tumor responses, are a novel type of checkpoint molecule. Myeloid checkpoint inhibition is currently being studied in combination with IgG-based immunotherapy. In contrast, the combination with IgA-based treatment has received minimal attention. IgA antibodies have been demonstrated to more effectively attract and activate neutrophils than their IgG counterparts. Therefore, myeloid checkpoint inhibition could be an interesting addition to IgA treatment and has the potential to significantly enhance IgA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chilam Chan
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marta Lustig
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, Department of Medicine II, Christian Albrechts University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Niklas Baumann
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, Department of Medicine II, Christian Albrechts University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Thomas Valerius
- Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, Department of Medicine II, Christian Albrechts University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Geert van Tetering
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jeanette H. W. Leusen
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Jeanette H. W. Leusen,
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24
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Li M, He L, Zhu J, Zhang P, Liang S. Targeting tumor-associated macrophages for cancer treatment. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:85. [PMID: 35672862 PMCID: PMC9172100 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00823-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are abundant, nearly accounting for 30–50% of stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment. TAMs exhibit an immunosuppressive M2-like phenotype in advanced cancer, which plays a crucial role in tumor growth, invasion and migration, angiogenesis and immunosuppression. Consequently, the TAM-targeting therapies are particularly of significance in anti-cancer strategies. The application of TAMs as anti-cancer targets is expected to break through traditional tumor-associated therapies and achieves favorable clinical effect. However, the heterogeneity of TAMs makes the strategy of targeting TAMs variable and uncertain. Discovering the subset specificity of TAMs might be a future option for targeting TAMs therapy. Herein, the review focuses on highlighting the different modalities to modulate TAM’s functions, including promoting the phagocytosis of TAMs, TAMs depletion, blocking TAMs recruitment, TAMs reprogramming and suppressing immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. We also discuss about several ways to improve the efficacy of TAM-targeting therapy from the perspective of combination therapy and specificity of TAMs subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17, 3rd Section of People's South Road, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Linye He
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17, 3rd Section of People's South Road, 610041, Chengdu, China.,Department of Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17, 3rd Section of People's South Road, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shufang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17, 3rd Section of People's South Road, 610041, Chengdu, China.
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25
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Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are abundant, nearly accounting for 30-50% of stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment. TAMs exhibit an immunosuppressive M2-like phenotype in advanced cancer, which plays a crucial role in tumor growth, invasion and migration, angiogenesis and immunosuppression. Consequently, the TAM-targeting therapies are particularly of significance in anti-cancer strategies. The application of TAMs as anti-cancer targets is expected to break through traditional tumor-associated therapies and achieves favorable clinical effect. However, the heterogeneity of TAMs makes the strategy of targeting TAMs variable and uncertain. Discovering the subset specificity of TAMs might be a future option for targeting TAMs therapy. Herein, the review focuses on highlighting the different modalities to modulate TAM's functions, including promoting the phagocytosis of TAMs, TAMs depletion, blocking TAMs recruitment, TAMs reprogramming and suppressing immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. We also discuss about several ways to improve the efficacy of TAM-targeting therapy from the perspective of combination therapy and specificity of TAMs subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17, 3rd Section of People's South Road, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Linye He
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17, 3rd Section of People's South Road, 610041, Chengdu, China
- Department of Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17, 3rd Section of People's South Road, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shufang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.17, 3rd Section of People's South Road, 610041, Chengdu, China.
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26
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Implication of microRNAs in Carcinogenesis with Emphasis on Hematological Malignancies and Clinical Translation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105838. [PMID: 35628648 PMCID: PMC9143361 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are evolutionarily conserved small non-coding RNAs, that are involved in the multistep process of carcinogenesis, contributing to all established hallmarks of cancer. In this review, implications of miRNAs in hematological malignancies and their clinical utilization fields are discussed. As components of the complex regulatory network of gene expression, influenced by the tissue microenvironment and epigenetic modifiers, miRNAs are “micromanagers” of all physiological processes including the regulation of hematopoiesis and metabolic pathways. Dysregulated miRNA expression levels contribute to both the initiation and progression of acute leukemias, the metabolic reprogramming of malignantly transformed hematopoietic precursors, and to the development of chemoresistance. Since they are highly stable and can be easily quantified in body fluids and tissue specimens, miRNAs are promising biomarkers for the early detection of hematological malignancies. Besides novel opportunities for differential diagnosis, miRNAs can contribute to advanced chemoresistance prediction and prognostic stratification of acute leukemias. Synthetic oligonucleotides and delivery vehicles aim the therapeutic modulation of miRNA expression levels. However, major challenges such as efficient delivery to specific locations, differences of miRNA expression patterns between pediatric and adult hematological malignancies, and potential side effects of miRNA-based therapies should be considered.
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27
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Jiang Y, Zhao L, Wu Y, Deng S, Cao P, Lei X, Yang X. The Role of NcRNAs to Regulate Immune Checkpoints in Cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:853480. [PMID: 35464451 PMCID: PMC9019622 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.853480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
At present, the incidence of cancer is becoming more and more common, but its treatment has always been a problem. Although a small number of cancers can be treated, the recurrence rates are generally high and cannot be completely cured. At present, conventional cancer therapies mainly include chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which are the first-line therapies for most cancer patients, but there are palliatives. Approaches to cancer treatment are not as fast as cancer development. The current cancer treatments have not been effective in stopping the development of cancer, and cancer treatment needs to be imported into new strategies. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) is a hot research topic at present. NcRNAs, which include microRNAs (miRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), participate in all aspects of cancer biology. They are involved in the progression of tumors into a new form, including B-cell lymphoma, glioma, or the parenchymal tumors such as gastric cancer and colon cancer, among others. NcRNAs target various immune checkpoints to affect tumor proliferation, differentiation, and development. This might represent a new strategy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicun Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Leilei Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yiwen Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Sijun Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Pu Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xiaoyong Lei
- School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, University of South China, Hengyang, China
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28
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Gierlikowski W, Gierlikowska B. MicroRNAs as Regulators of Phagocytosis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091380. [PMID: 35563685 PMCID: PMC9106007 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression and thus act as important regulators of cellular phenotype and function. As their expression may be dysregulated in numerous diseases, they are of interest as biomarkers. What is more, attempts of modulation of some microRNAs for therapeutic reasons have been undertaken. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge regarding the influence of microRNAs on phagocytosis, which may be exerted on different levels, such as through macrophages polarization, phagosome maturation, reactive oxygen species production and cytokines synthesis. This phenomenon plays an important role in numerous pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Gierlikowski
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1a, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Barbara Gierlikowska
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Medical University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 63a, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
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29
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Wang Y, Zhao C, Liu Y, Wang C, Jiang H, Hu Y, Wu J. Recent Advances of Tumor Therapy Based on the CD47-SIRPα Axis. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:1273-1293. [PMID: 35436123 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is still a major disease that is currently difficult for humans to overcome. When the expression of the cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) is upregulated, tumor cells interact with the macrophage inhibitory receptor signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα) to transmit the "Don't eat me" signal, thereby avoiding phagocytosis by the macrophages. Therefore, when the CD47-SIRPα axis is inhibited, the macrophages' phagocytic function can be restored and can also exert antitumor effects. This Review mainly introduces recent advances in tumor therapy targeted on the CD47-SIRPα axis, including the antibody and fusion protein, small molecule, gene therapy, cell therapy, and drug delivery system, to inhibit the function of CD47 expressed on tumor cells and promote tumor phagocytosis by macrophages. In addition, this Review also summarizes the current approaches to avoid anemia, a common side effect of CD47-SIRPα inhibitions, and provides ideas for clinical transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Chenxuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Haojie Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yiqiao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jinhui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Nano Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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30
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Entezari M, Sadrkhanloo M, Rashidi M, Asnaf SE, Taheriazam A, Hashemi M, Ashrafizadeh M, Zarrabi A, Rabiee N, Hushmandi K, Mirzaei S, Sethi G. Non-coding RNAs and macrophage interaction in tumor progression. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 173:103680. [PMID: 35405273 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The macrophages are abundantly found in TME and their M2 polarization is in favor of tumor malignancy. On the other hand, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) can modulate macrophage polarization in TME to affect cancer progression. The miRNAs can dually induce/suppress M2 polarization of macrophages and by affecting various molecular pathways, they modulate tumor progression and therapy response. The lncRNAs can affect miRNAs via sponging and other molecular pathways to modulate macrophage polarization. A few experiments have also examined role of circRNAs in targeting signaling networks and affecting macrophages. The therapeutic targeting of these ncRNAs can mediate TME remodeling and affect macrophage polarization. Furthermore, exosomal ncRNAs derived from tumor cells or macrophages can modulate polarization and TME remodeling. Suppressing biogenesis and secretion of exosomes can inhibit ncRNA-mediated M2 polarization of macrophages and prevent tumor progression. The ncRNAs, especially exosomal ncRNAs can be considered as non-invasive biomarkers for tumor diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Sholeh Etehad Asnaf
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul 34396, Turkey
| | - Navid Rabiee
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology & Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Cancer Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
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31
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Mirzaei S, Gholami MH, Hushmandi K, Hashemi F, Zabolian A, Canadas I, Zarrabi A, Nabavi N, Aref AR, Crea F, Wang Y, Ashrafizadeh M, Kumar AP. The long and short non-coding RNAs modulating EZH2 signaling in cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:18. [PMID: 35236381 PMCID: PMC8892735 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01235-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a large family of RNA molecules with no capability in encoding proteins. However, they participate in developmental and biological processes and their abnormal expression affects cancer progression. These RNA molecules can function as upstream mediators of different signaling pathways and enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is among them. Briefly, EZH2 belongs to PRCs family and can exert functional roles in cells due to its methyltransferase activity. EZH2 affects gene expression via inducing H3K27me3. In the present review, our aim is to provide a mechanistic discussion of ncRNAs role in regulating EZH2 expression in different cancers. MiRNAs can dually induce/inhibit EZH2 in cancer cells to affect downstream targets such as Wnt, STAT3 and EMT. Furthermore, miRNAs can regulate therapy response of cancer cells via affecting EZH2 signaling. It is noteworthy that EZH2 can reduce miRNA expression by binding to promoter and exerting its methyltransferase activity. Small-interfering RNA (siRNA) and short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) are synthetic, short ncRNAs capable of reducing EZH2 expression and suppressing cancer progression. LncRNAs mainly regulate EZH2 expression via targeting miRNAs. Furthermore, lncRNAs induce EZH2 by modulating miRNA expression. Circular RNAs (CircRNAs), like lncRNAs, affect EZH2 expression via targeting miRNAs. These areas are discussed in the present review with a focus on molecular pathways leading to clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farid Hashemi
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, 1417466191, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, 5th Azar Hospital, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Golestan, Iran
| | - Israel Canadas
- Blood Cell Development and Function Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul, 34396, Turkey
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urological Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6H3Z6, Canada
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Translational Sciences, Xsphera Biosciences Inc., Boston, MA, USA
| | - Francesco Crea
- Cancer Research Group-School of Life Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK
| | - Yuzhuo Wang
- Department of Urological Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6H3Z6, Canada.
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, Istanbul, 34956, Turkey.
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore.
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research (N2CR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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32
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Zhang W, Xing J, Liu T, Zhang J, Dai Z, Zhang H, Wang D, Tang D. Small extracellular vesicles: from mediating cancer cell metastasis to therapeutic value in pancreatic cancer. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:1. [PMID: 34980146 PMCID: PMC8722298 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-021-00806-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a highly malignant tumor and, is extremely difficult to diagnose and treat. Metastasis is one of the critical steps in the development of cancer and uses cell to cell communication to mediate changes in the microenvironment. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs)-carry proteins, nucleic acids and other bioactive substances, and are important medium for communication between cells. There are two primary steps in sVEs-mediated metastasis: communication between pancreatic cancer cells and their surrounding microenvironment; and the communication between primary tumor cells and distant organ cells in distant organs that promotes angiogenesis, reshaping extracellular matrix, forming immunosuppressive environment and other ways to form appropriate pre-metastasis niche. Here, we explore the mechanism of localization and metastasis of pancreatic cancer and use sEVs as early biomarkers for the detection and treatment of pancreatic cancer. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Zhang
- grid.268415.cClinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Juan Xing
- grid.268415.cClinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Tian Liu
- grid.268415.cClinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Jie Zhang
- grid.268415.cClinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Zhujiang Dai
- grid.268415.cClinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Huan Zhang
- grid.268415.cClinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province China
| | - Daorong Wang
- grid.268415.cDepartment of General Surgery, Institute of General Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Northern Jiangsu Province Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001 China
| | - Dong Tang
- grid.268415.cDepartment of General Surgery, Institute of General Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Northern Jiangsu Province Hospital, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001 China
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33
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Wang B, Yang L, Liu T, Xun J, Zhuo Y, Zhang L, Zhang Q, Wang X. Hydroxytyrosol Inhibits MDSCs and Promotes M1 Macrophages in Mice With Orthotopic Pancreatic Tumor. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:759172. [PMID: 34858184 PMCID: PMC8632498 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.759172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The poor immunotherapy of pancreatic cancer is mainly due to its complex immunosuppressive microenvironment. The Mediterranean diet contributes to low cancer incidence. Hydroxytyrosol (HT) derived from olive oil has multiple health-promoting effects, but its therapeutic effect on pancreatic cancer remains controversial. Here, we evaluated the inhibitory effect of HT on mouse pancreatic cancer, and the effect of HT on the immune microenvironment. We found that HT can inhibit the proliferation of Panc 02 cells through signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3/Cyclin D1 signaling pathway. In the tumor-bearing mice treated with HT, the orthotopic pancreatic tumors were suppressed, accompanied by a decrease in the proportion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and an increase in the proportion of M1 macrophages. In addition, we found that HT inhibited the expression of immunosuppressive molecules in bone marrow (BM)-derived MDSCs, as well as down-regulated CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (C/EBPβ) and phosphorylation of STAT3. Moreover, HT enhanced the anti-tumor effect of anti-CD47 antibody in vivo. HT combined with plumbagin (PLB) induced more Panc 02 cells death than HT or PLB alone. This combination therapy not only inhibited the accumulation of MDSCs, but also promoted the infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the tumors. In summary, HT is a potential immunomodulatory drug for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Botao Wang
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianyu Liu
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Xun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuzhen Zhuo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lanqiu Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, NanKai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Integrative Medicine for Acute Abdominal Diseases, Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ximo Wang
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Integrative Medicine for Acute Abdominal Diseases, Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,The Clinical Research Center of Tianjin for Treating Acute Abdominal Diseases with Integrated Medicine, Tianjin, China
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34
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Ahmad A. Epigenetic regulation of immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophages through dysregulated microRNAs. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 124:26-33. [PMID: 34556420 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are immune cells that play different roles under different physiological conditions. They are present in all tissues where they primarily protect from bacteria and pathogens in addition to assisting in tissue repair. During tumor progression, macrophages can exert contrasting effects based on the M1 vs. M2 polarization. The M2 macrophages support tumor growth through mechanisms that help suppress immune responses and/or circumvent immune-surveillance. A number of such mechanisms such as production of IL-10 and arginase, and expression of PD-L1, V-domain Ig suppressor of T cell activation and B7 family molecule B7-H4 are now believed central to the immunosuppressive effects of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Emerging data has identified epigenetic regulation of these immunosuppressive mechanisms by small non-coding RNAs, the microRNAs (miRNAs). This review discusses the available literature on the subject, including the exosomes mediated transfer of miRNAs between cancer cells and the macrophages within the tumor microenvironment. A number of miRNAs are now believed to be involved in TAMs' production of IL-10 and expression of PD-L1 while the information on such regulation of other immunosuppressive mechanisms is slowly emerging. A better understanding of epigenetic regulation of macrophages-mediated immunosuppressive effect can help identify novel targets for therapy and aid the design of future studies aimed at sensitizing tumors to immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aamir Ahmad
- Interim Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
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35
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Poh AR, Ernst M. Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Therapeutic Opportunities and Clinical Challenges. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13122860. [PMID: 34201127 PMCID: PMC8226457 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13122860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Macrophages are a major component of the pancreatic tumor microenvironment, and their increased abundance is associated with poor patient survival. Given the multi-faceted role of macrophages in promoting pancreatic tumor development and progression, these cells represent promising targets for anti-cancer therapy. Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignant disease with a 5-year survival rate of less than 10%. Macrophages are one of the earliest infiltrating cells in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment, and are associated with an increased risk of disease progression, recurrence, metastasis, and shorter overall survival. Pre-clinical studies have demonstrated an unequivocal role of macrophages in PDAC by contributing to chronic inflammation, cancer cell stemness, desmoplasia, immune suppression, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. Several macrophage-targeting therapies have also been investigated in pre-clinical models, and include macrophage depletion, inhibiting macrophage recruitment, and macrophage reprogramming. However, the effectiveness of these drugs in pre-clinical models has not always translated into clinical trials. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms that underpin macrophage heterogeneity within the pancreatic tumor microenvironment, and examine the contribution of macrophages at various stages of PDAC progression. We also provide a comprehensive update of macrophage-targeting therapies that are currently undergoing clinical evaluation, and discuss clinical challenges associated with these treatment modalities in human PDAC patients.
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36
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Yang S, Liu Q, Liao Q. Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Origin, Polarization, Function, and Reprogramming. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:607209. [PMID: 33505964 PMCID: PMC7829544 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.607209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal malignancy. PDAC is only cured by surgical resection in its early stage, but there remains a relatively high possibility of recurrence. The development of PDAC is closely associated with the tumor microenvironment. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are one of the most abundant immune cell populations in the pancreatic tumor stroma. TAMs are inclined to M2 deviation in the tumor microenvironment, which promotes and supports tumor behaviors, including tumorigenesis, immune escape, metastasis, and chemotherapeutic resistance. Herein, we comprehensively reviewed the latest researches on the origin, polarization, functions, and reprogramming of TAMs in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaofei Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Quan Liao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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37
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Huang Z, Xu Y, Wan M, Zeng X, Wu J. miR-340: A multifunctional role in human malignant diseases. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:236-246. [PMID: 33390846 PMCID: PMC7757049 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.51123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short non-coding RNAs of approximately 22 nucleotides in length, which function by binding to the 3' UTR sequences of their target mRNAs. It has been reported that dysregulated miRNAs play pivotal roles in numerous diseases, including cancers, such as gastric, breast, colorectal, ovarian, and other cancers. Recent research efforts have been devoted to translating these basic discoveries into clinical applications that could improve the therapeutic outcome in patients with cancer. Early studies have shown that miR-340 may act either as an oncogene or a tumor suppressor by targeting genes related to proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis, as well as those associated with diagnosis, treatment, chemoresistance, and prognosis. miR-340 has been shown to have a role in other diseases, such as autoimmune diseases, acute stroke, and alcoholic steatohepatitis. Nevertheless, the roles of miR-340 in human malignancies are still unclear, and the associated mechanisms are complex, involving a variety of signaling pathways, such as Wnt/β-catenin and the JAK-STAT pathways. Herein, we review the crucial roles of miR-340 in human cancers through the analysis of the latest research studies, with the aim of clarifying miR-340 function in malignant disease diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis, and to propose further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Huang
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, P.R. China.,Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, P.R. China
| | - Yesha Xu
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Maoping Wan
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Xixi Zeng
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Jianmin Wu
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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Regulation of CD47 expression in cancer cells. Transl Oncol 2020; 13:100862. [PMID: 32920329 PMCID: PMC7494507 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
CD47 is overexpressed in various types of cancers and it can directly bind with SIRPα, which is mainly located on macrophages. The binding of CD47-SIRPα transmits a “don't eat me” signal, which can prevent cancer cells from immune clearance. Targeting the phagocytosis checkpoint of CD47-SIRPα axis has shown remarkable anticancer effect in preclinical and clinical research, which indicates the potential application of CD47-SIRPα blockade for cancer treatment. In this case, the comprehensive description of the regulation of CD47 in different types of cancer cells has significant implications for furthering our understanding of the role of CD47 in cancer. Based on the current reports, we summarized the regulatory factors, i.e., cytokines, oncogenes, microRNAs as well as enzymes, of CD47 expression in cancer cells. Accordingly, we also proposed several points needing further research, hoping to provide useful insights for the future investigation on the regulation of CD47 in cancers. Cytokines, oncogenes, microRNAs and enzymes regulate CD47 expression in cancer. CD47 expression could be regulated at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional and post-translational modification level. Further studies are required to determine other factors that regulate CD47 expression.
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