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Shao J, Xin K, Qian Z, Liu F, Li L, Zhu J, Liu Q, Tian M, Liu B. Combining iRGD with HuFOLactis enhances antitumor potency by facilitating immune cell infiltration and activation. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2375825. [PMID: 39101772 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2375825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple research studies have demonstrated the efficacy of lactic acid bacteria in boosting both innate and adaptive immune responses. We have created a Lactococcus lactis variant that produces a modified combination protein with Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand and co-stimulator O × 40 ligand, known as HuFOLactis. The genetically modified variant was purposely created to activate T cells, NK cells, and DC cells in a laboratory setting. Furthermore, we explored the possibility of using the tumor-penetrating peptide iRGD to deliver HuFOLactis-activated immune cells to hard-to-reach tumor areas. Following brief stimulation with HuFOLactis, immune cell phenotypes and functions were assessed using flow cytometry. Confocal microscopy was employed to demonstrate the infiltrative and cytotoxic capabilities of iRGD-modified HuFOLactis-activated immune cells within tumor spheroids. The efficacy of iRGD modified HuFOLactis-activated immune cells against tumors was assessed in xenograft mouse models. HuFOLactis treatment resulted in notable immune cell activation, demonstrated by elevated levels of CD25, CD69, and CD137. Additionally, these activated immune cells showed heightened cytokine production and enhanced cytotoxicity against MKN45 cell lines. Incorporation of the iRGD modification facilitated the infiltration of HuFOLactis-activated immune cells into multicellular spheroids (MCSs). Additionally, immune cells activated by HuFOLactis and modified with iRGD, in combination with anti-PD-1 treatment, effectively halted tumor growth and prolonged survival in a mouse model of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shao
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Xin
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School,Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhaoye Qian
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangcen Liu
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School,Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Junmeng Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School,Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qin Liu
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School,Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Manman Tian
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School,Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Baorui Liu
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School,Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Liao CY, Engelberts P, Ioan-Facsinay A, Klip JE, Schmidt T, Ruijtenbeek R, Danen EHJ. CD3-engaging bispecific antibodies trigger a paracrine regulated wave of T-cell recruitment for effective tumor killing. Commun Biol 2024; 7:983. [PMID: 39138287 PMCID: PMC11322607 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06682-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of action of bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) directing T-cell immunity to solid tumors is incompletely understood. Here, we screened a series of CD3xHER2 bsAbs using extracellular matrix (ECM) embedded breast cancer tumoroid arrays exposed to healthy donor-derived T-cells. An initial phase of random T-cell movement throughout the ECM (day 1-2), was followed by a bsAb-dependent phase of active T-cell recruitment to tumoroids (day 2-4), and tumoroid killing (day 4-6). Low affinity HER2 or CD3 arms were compensated for by increasing bsAb concentrations. Instead, a bsAb binding a membrane proximal HER2 epitope supported tumor killing whereas a bsAb binding a membrane distal epitope did not, despite similar affinities and intra-tumoroid localization of the bsAbs, and efficacy in 2D co-cultures. Initial T-cell-tumor contact through effective bsAbs triggered a wave of subsequent T-cell recruitment. This critical surge of T-cell recruitment was explained by paracrine signaling and preceded a full-scale T-cell tumor attack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yi Liao
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Janna Eleonora Klip
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Schmidt
- Leiden Institute of Physics, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Erik H J Danen
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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Zhan T, Zou Y, Han Z, Tian X, Chen M, Liu J, Yang X, Zhu Q, Liu M, Chen W, Chen M, Huang X, Tan J, Liu W, Tian X. Single-cell sequencing combined with spatial transcriptomics reveals that the IRF7 gene in M1 macrophages inhibits the occurrence of pancreatic cancer by regulating lipid metabolism-related mechanisms. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1799. [PMID: 39118300 PMCID: PMC11310283 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM The main focus of this study is to explore the molecular mechanism of IRF7 regulation on RPS18 transcription in M1-type macrophages in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) tissue, as well as the transfer of RPS18 by IRF7 via exosomes to PAAD cells and the regulation of ILF3 expression. METHODS By utilising single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data and spatial transcriptomics (ST) data from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, we identified distinct cell types with significant expression differences in PAAD tissue. Among these cell types, we identified those closely associated with lipid metabolism. The differentially expressed genes within these cell types were analysed, and target genes relevant to prognosis were identified. Flow cytometry was employed to assess the expression levels of target genes in M1 and M2 macrophages. Cell lines with target gene knockout were constructed using CRISPR/Cas9 editing technology, and cell lines with target gene knockdown and overexpression were established using lentiviral vectors. Additionally, a co-culture model of exosomes derived from M1 macrophages with PAAD cells was developed. The impact of M1 macrophage-derived exosomes on the lipid metabolism of PAAD cells in the model was evaluated through metabolomics analysis. The effects of M1 macrophage-derived exosomes on the viability, proliferation, division, migration and apoptosis of PAAD cells were assessed using MTT assay, flow cytometry, EdU assay, wound healing assay, Transwell assay and TUNEL staining. Furthermore, a mouse PAAD orthotopic implantation model was established, and bioluminescence imaging was utilised to assess the influence of M1 macrophage-derived exosomes on the intratumoural formation capacity of PAAD cells, as well as measuring tumour weight and volume. The expression of proliferation-associated proteins in tumour tissues was examined using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Through combined analysis of scRNA-seq and ST technologies, we discovered a close association between M1 macrophages in PAAD samples and lipid metabolism signals, as well as a negative correlation between M1 macrophages and cancer cells. The construction of a prognostic risk score model identified RPS18 and IRF7 as two prognostically relevant genes in M1 macrophages, exhibiting negative and positive correlations, respectively. Mechanistically, it was found that IRF7 in M1 macrophages can inhibit the transcription of RPS18, reducing the transfer of RPS18 to PAAD cells via exosomes, consequently affecting the expression of ILF3 in PAAD cells. IRF7/RPS18 in M1 macrophages can also suppress lipid metabolism, cell viability, proliferation, migration, invasion and intratumoural formation capacity of PAAD cells, while promoting cell apoptosis. CONCLUSION Overexpression of IRF7 in M1 macrophages may inhibit RPS18 transcription, reduce the transfer of RPS18 from M1 macrophage-derived exosomes to PAAD cells, thereby suppressing ILF3 expression in PAAD cells, inhibiting the lipid metabolism pathway, and curtailing the viability, proliferation, migration, invasion of PAAD cells, as well as enhancing cell apoptosis, ultimately inhibiting tumour formation in PAAD cells in vivo. Targeting IRF7/RPS18 in M1 macrophages could represent a promising immunotherapeutic approach for PAAD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhan
- Department of GastroenterologyWuHan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of WuHan University)WuhanChina
| | - Yanli Zou
- Department of GastroenterologyWuHan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of WuHan University)WuhanChina
| | - Zheng Han
- Department of GastroenterologyWuHan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of WuHan University)WuhanChina
| | - XiaoRong Tian
- Department of GastroenterologyWuHan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of WuHan University)WuhanChina
- Department of GastroenterologyZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Mengge Chen
- Department of GastroenterologyWuHan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of WuHan University)WuhanChina
- Department of GastroenterologyZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Jiaxi Liu
- Department of GastroenterologyWuHan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of WuHan University)WuhanChina
- Department of GastroenterologyZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Xiulin Yang
- Department of GastroenterologyWuHan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of WuHan University)WuhanChina
- Department of GastroenterologyZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Qingxi Zhu
- Department of GastroenterologyWuHan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of WuHan University)WuhanChina
| | - Meng Liu
- Department of GastroenterologyWuHan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of WuHan University)WuhanChina
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of GastroenterologyWuHan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of WuHan University)WuhanChina
| | - Mingtao Chen
- Department of GastroenterologyWuHan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of WuHan University)WuhanChina
| | - Xiaodong Huang
- Department of GastroenterologyWuHan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of WuHan University)WuhanChina
- Department of GastroenterologyZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Jie Tan
- Department of GastroenterologyWuHan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of WuHan University)WuhanChina
| | - Weijie Liu
- Department of GastroenterologyWuHan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of WuHan University)WuhanChina
| | - Xia Tian
- Department of GastroenterologyWuHan Third Hospital (Tongren Hospital of WuHan University)WuhanChina
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Huang F, Wang F, Hu Q, Li Y, Jiang D. PTGR1-mediated immune evasion mechanisms in late-stage triple-negative breast cancer: mechanisms of M2 macrophage infiltration and CD8 + T cell suppression. Apoptosis 2024:10.1007/s10495-024-01991-0. [PMID: 39068625 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-024-01991-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by metabolic dysregulation. Tumor cell immune escape plays an indispensable role in the development of TNBC tumors. Furthermore, in the abstract, we explicitly mention the techniques used and enhance the clarity and impact of our findings. "Based on bioinformatics analysis results, we utilized CRISPR/Cas9 technology to knockout the target gene and established a mouse model of breast cancer. Through experiments such as CCK8, scratch assay, and Transwell assay, we further investigated the impact of target gene knockout on the malignant behavior of tumor cells. Subsequently, we conducted immunohistochemistry and Western Blot experiments to study the expression of macrophage polarization and infiltration-related markers and evaluate the effect of the target gene on macrophage polarization. Next, through co-culture experiments, we simulated the tumor microenvironment and used immunohistochemistry staining to observe and analyze the distribution and activation status of M2 macrophages and CD8+ T cells in the co-culture system. We validated in vivo experiments the molecular mechanism by which the target gene regulates immune cell impact on TNBC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, East Campus, No.169 Tianshan Street, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, P. R. China
| | - Fuhe Wang
- Department of General surgery, Hebei Yiling Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050000, P. R. China
| | - Qilu Hu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Heze Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Heze, 274008, P. R. China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, East Campus, No.169 Tianshan Street, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, P. R. China
| | - Da Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, East Campus, No.169 Tianshan Street, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, P. R. China.
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Huang B, Yu Z, Cui D, Du F. MAPKAP1 orchestrates macrophage polarization and lipid metabolism in fatty liver-enhanced colorectal cancer. Transl Oncol 2024; 45:101941. [PMID: 38692197 PMCID: PMC11070763 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.101941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Various factors, including fatty liver and macrophage alterations, influence colorectal cancer (CRC). This study explores the mechanistic role of fatty liver in CRC progression, focusing on macrophage polarization and lipid metabolism. A murine fatty liver model was created with a high-fat diet (HFD), and CRC was induced using AOM and DSS. Single-cell transcriptome sequencing (scRNA-seq) identified MAPKAP1 as a critical gene promoting CRC via M2 macrophage polarization and lipid metabolism reprogramming. Prognosis analysis on the TCGA-CRC dataset confirmed MAPKAP1's significance. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that EVs from fatty liver cells enhanced MAPKAP1 expression, accelerating CRC development and metastasis. HFD exacerbated CRC, but fatty acid inhibitors delayed progression. Fatty liver upregulates MAPKAP1, driving M2 macrophage polarization and lipid metabolism changes, worsening CRC. These findings suggest potential therapeutic strategies for CRC, particularly targeting lipid metabolism and macrophage-mediated tumor promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Huang
- Department of Hypertension, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No.28, Guimedical Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, PR China.
| | - Zhenqiu Yu
- Department of Hypertension, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No.28, Guimedical Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, PR China.
| | - Dejun Cui
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, PR China.
| | - Fawang Du
- Department of Hypertension, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, No.28, Guimedical Street, Yunyan District, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, PR China
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Ma J, Song J, Yi X, Zhang S, Huang L, Sun L, Gao R, Han C. Impact of Drp1-regulated changes in T cell activity on the combined antitumor effects of PARPi and PD-1 inhibitors. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 132:112006. [PMID: 38581995 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the influence of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1)-regulated T cells on the antitumor effects of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) combined with programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors to identify potential targets for enhancing immunotherapy efficacy. We found that T cells with high expression of Drp1 promoted the inhibitory and killing effects of the PARPi and PD-1 inhibitor combination on lung cancer cells in vivo and in vitro. This synergistic mechanism involves Drp1-regulated promotion of activation, migration, and intratumor infiltration of effector T cells; inhibition of negative immunomodulatory cells in the tumor microenvironment; and suppression of PARPi-induced upregulation of PD-L1 expression in tumor cells. These findings suggest that Drp1 could serve as a new target for comprehensively improving the tumor microenvironment, enhancing immunotherapy efficacy, and reversing immunotherapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jietao Ma
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun Song
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Department of Oncology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaofang Yi
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuling Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Letian Huang
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ruolin Gao
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chengbo Han
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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Zhou S, Zhu M, Wei X, Mu P, Shen L, Wang Y, Wan J, Zhang H, Xia F, Zhang Z. Low-dose radiotherapy synergizes with iRGD-antiCD3-modified T cells by facilitating T cell infiltration. Radiother Oncol 2024; 194:110213. [PMID: 38458258 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2024.110213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Poor penetration of transferred T cells represents a critical factor impeding the development of adoptive cell therapy in solid tumors. We demonstrated that iRGD-antiCD3 modification promoted both T cell infiltration and activation in our previous work. Interest in low-dose radiotherapy has recently been renewed due to its immuno-stimulatory effects including T cell recruitment. This study aims to explore the synergistic effects between low-dose radiotherapy and iRGD-antiCD3-modified T cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Flow cytometry was performed to assess the expression of iRGD receptors and chemokines. T cell infiltration was evaluated by immunohistofluorescence and in vivo real-time fluorescence imaging and antitumor effects were investigated by in vivo bioluminescence imaging in the gastric cancer peritoneal metastasis mouse model. RESULTS We found that 2 Gy irradiation upregulated the expression of all three iRGD receptors and T-cell chemokines. The addition of 2 Gy low-dose irradiation boosted the accumulation and penetration of iRGD-antiCD3-modified T cells in peritoneal tumor nodules. Combining 2 Gy low-dose irradiation with iRGD-antiCD3-modified T cells significantly inhibited tumor growth and prolonged survival in the peritoneal metastasis mouse model with a favorable safety profile. CONCLUSION Altogether, we demonstrated that low-dose radiotherapy could improve the antitumor potency of iRGD-antiCD3-modified T cells by promoting T cell infiltration, providing a rationale for exploring low-dose radiotherapy in combination of other adoptive T cell therapies in solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Mei Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou 221005, China
| | - Xiao Wei
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Peiyuan Mu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lijun Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Juefeng Wan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Fan Xia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Zhang Y, Nie Y, Liu X, Wan X, Shi Y, Zhang K, Wu P, He J. Tumor metabolic crosstalk and immunotherapy. Clin Transl Oncol 2024; 26:797-807. [PMID: 37740892 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03304-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cells must resist the host's immune system while maintaining growth under harsh conditions of acidity and hypoxia, which indicates that tumors are more robust than normal tissue. Immunotherapeutic agents have little effect on solid tumors, mostly because of the tumor density and the difficulty of penetrating deeply into the tissue to achieve the theoretical therapeutic effect. Various therapeutic strategies targeting the tumor microenvironment (TME) have been developed. Immunometabolic disorders play a dominant role in treatment resistance at both the TME and host levels. Understanding immunometabolic factors and their treatment potential may be a way forward for tumor immunotherapy. Here, we summarize the metabolism of substances that affect tumor progression, the crosstalk between the TME and immunosuppression, and some potential tumor-site targets. We also summarize the progress and challenges of tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Biotargeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biotargeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yueli Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Biotargeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biotargeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Biotargeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biotargeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xitian Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Biotargeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biotargeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yuanyuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Biotargeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biotargeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Keyong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Biotargeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biotargeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Pan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Biotargeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biotargeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jian He
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Biotargeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biotargeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
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Wang Z, Shang J, Qiu Y, Cheng H, Tao M, Xie E, Pei X, Li W, Zhang L, Wu A, Li G. Suppression of the METTL3-m 6A-integrin β1 axis by extracellular acidification impairs T cell infiltration and antitumor activity. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113796. [PMID: 38367240 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The acidic metabolic byproducts within the tumor microenvironment (TME) hinder T cell effector functions. However, their effects on T cell infiltration remain largely unexplored. Leveraging the comprehensive The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset, we pinpoint 16 genes that correlate with extracellular acidification and establish a metric known as the "tumor acidity (TuAci) score" for individual patients. We consistently observe a negative association between the TuAci score and T lymphocyte score (T score) across various human cancer types. Mechanistically, extracellular acidification significantly impedes T cell motility by suppressing podosome formation. This phenomenon can be attributed to the reduced expression of methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) and the modification of RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A), resulting in a subsequent decrease in the expression of integrin β1 (ITGB1). Importantly, enforced ITGB1 expression leads to enhanced T cell infiltration and improved antitumor activity. Our study suggests that modulating METTL3 activity or boosting ITGB1 expression could augment T cell infiltration within the acidic TME, thereby improving the efficacy of cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, and CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jingzhe Shang
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, and CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yajing Qiu
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, and CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hongcheng Cheng
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, and CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Mengyuan Tao
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, and CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ermei Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, and CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xin Pei
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, and CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wenhui Li
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, and CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lianjun Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, and CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Aiping Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, and CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Guideng Li
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, and CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou 215123, China.
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10
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Che K, Luo Y, Song X, Yang Z, Wang H, Shi T, Wang Y, Wang X, Wu H, Yu L, Liu B, Wei J. Macrophages reprogramming improves immunotherapy of IL-33 in peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer. EMBO Mol Med 2024; 16:251-266. [PMID: 38238529 PMCID: PMC10897402 DOI: 10.1038/s44321-023-00012-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal metastasis (PM) has a suppressive tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) that limits the effects of immunotherapy. This study aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of intraperitoneal administration of IL-33, a cytokine that is reported to potentiate antitumor immunity and inhibit metastasis. We found survival was significantly prolonged in patients with high IL-33 mRNA expression. In immunocompetent mice, intraperitoneal administration of IL-33 could induce a celiac inflammatory environment, activate immunologic effector cells, and reverse the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, which effectively delayed tumor progression and PM of gastric cancer. Mechanistically, IL-33 could induce M2 polarization by activating p38-GATA-binding protein 3 signaling. IL-33 combined with anti-CSF1R or p38 inhibitor to regulate tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) had a synergistic antitumor effect. Inducing a local inflammatory milieu by IL-33 administration provided a novel approach for treating peritoneal metastasis, which, when combined with TAM reprogramming to reshape TIME, can achieve better treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keying Che
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Tumor Research and Therapy Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuting Luo
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueru Song
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhe Yang
- Tumor Research and Therapy Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Hanbing Wang
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Shi
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Hongyan Wu
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lixia Yu
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Baorui Liu
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Wei
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Protein and Peptide Medicine, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China.
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11
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Wu Z, Li G, Wang W, Zhang K, Fan M, Jin Y, Lin R. Immune checkpoints signature-based risk stratification for prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. Cell Signal 2024; 113:110976. [PMID: 37981068 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Until now, few researches have comprehensive explored the role of immune checkpoints (ICIs) and tumor microenvironment (TME) in gastric cancer (GC) patients based on the genomic data. RNA-sequence data and clinical information were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas Stomach Adenocarcinoma (TCGA-STAD) database, GSE84437 and GSE84433. Univariate Cox analysis identified 60 ICIs with prognostic values, and these genes were then subjected to NMF cluster analysis and the GC samples (n = 804) were classified into two distinct subtypes (Cluster 1: n = 583; Cluster 2: n = 221). The Kaplan-Meier curves for OS analysis indicated that C1 predicted a poorer prognosis. The C2 subtype illustrated a relatively better prognosis and characteristics of "hot tumors," including high immune score, overexpression of immune checkpoint molecules, and enriched tumor-infiltrated immune cells, indicating that the NMF clustering in GC was robust and stable. Regarding the patient's heterogeneity, an ICI-score was constructed to quantify the ICI patterns in individual patients. Moreover, the study found that the low ICI-score group contained mostly MSI-low events, and the high ICI-score group contained predominantly MSI-high events. In addition, the ICI-score groups had good responsiveness to CTLA4 and PD-1 based on The Cancer Immunome Atlas (TCIA) database. Our research firstly constructed ICIs signature, as well as identified some hub genes in GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenghong Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gangping Li
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weijun Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengke Fan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Jin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Rong Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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12
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Xu H, Jia Z, Liu F, Li J, Huang Y, Jiang Y, Pu P, Shang T, Tang P, Zhou Y, Yang Y, Su J, Liu J. Biomarkers and experimental models for cancer immunology investigation. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e437. [PMID: 38045830 PMCID: PMC10693314 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid advancement of tumor immunotherapies poses challenges for the tools used in cancer immunology research, highlighting the need for highly effective biomarkers and reproducible experimental models. Current immunotherapy biomarkers encompass surface protein markers such as PD-L1, genetic features such as microsatellite instability, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and biomarkers in liquid biopsy such as circulating tumor DNAs. Experimental models, ranging from 3D in vitro cultures (spheroids, submerged models, air-liquid interface models, organ-on-a-chips) to advanced 3D bioprinting techniques, have emerged as valuable platforms for cancer immunology investigations and immunotherapy biomarker research. By preserving native immune components or coculturing with exogenous immune cells, these models replicate the tumor microenvironment in vitro. Animal models like syngeneic models, genetically engineered models, and patient-derived xenografts provide opportunities to study in vivo tumor-immune interactions. Humanized animal models further enable the simulation of the human-specific tumor microenvironment. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the advantages, limitations, and prospects of different biomarkers and experimental models, specifically focusing on the role of biomarkers in predicting immunotherapy outcomes and the ability of experimental models to replicate the tumor microenvironment. By integrating cutting-edge biomarkers and experimental models, this review serves as a valuable resource for accessing the forefront of cancer immunology investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center /National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Eight‐year MD ProgramSchool of Clinical Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Ziqi Jia
- Department of Breast Surgical OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Fengshuo Liu
- Eight‐year MD ProgramSchool of Clinical Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Jiayi Li
- Eight‐year MD ProgramSchool of Clinical Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Department of Breast Surgical OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yansong Huang
- Eight‐year MD ProgramSchool of Clinical Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Department of Breast Surgical OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yiwen Jiang
- Eight‐year MD ProgramSchool of Clinical Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Pengming Pu
- Eight‐year MD ProgramSchool of Clinical Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Tongxuan Shang
- Eight‐year MD ProgramSchool of Clinical Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Pengrui Tang
- Eight‐year MD ProgramSchool of Clinical Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yongxin Zhou
- Eight‐year MD ProgramSchool of Clinical Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yufan Yang
- School of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jianzhong Su
- Oujiang LaboratoryZhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision, and Brain HealthWenzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center /National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Department of Breast Surgical OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
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13
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Guo X, Wu Y, Xue Y, Xie N, Shen G. Revolutionizing cancer immunotherapy: unleashing the potential of bispecific antibodies for targeted treatment. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1291836. [PMID: 38106416 PMCID: PMC10722299 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1291836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent progressions in immunotherapy have transformed cancer treatment, providing a promising strategy that activates the immune system of the patient to find and eliminate cancerous cells. Bispecific antibodies, which engage two separate antigens or one antigen with two distinct epitopes, are of tremendous concern in immunotherapy. The bi-targeting idea enabled by bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) is especially attractive from a medical standpoint since most diseases are complex, involving several receptors, ligands, and signaling pathways. Several research look into the processes in which BsAbs identify different cancer targets such angiogenesis, reproduction, metastasis, and immune regulation. By rerouting cells or altering other pathways, the bispecific proteins perform effector activities in addition to those of natural antibodies. This opens up a wide range of clinical applications and helps patients with resistant tumors respond better to medication. Yet, further study is necessary to identify the best conditions where to use these medications for treating tumor, their appropriate combination partners, and methods to reduce toxicity. In this review, we provide insights into the BsAb format classification based on their composition and symmetry, as well as the delivery mode, focus on the action mechanism of the molecule, and discuss the challenges and future perspectives in BsAb development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Guo
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Xue
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Na Xie
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Guobo Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
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14
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Fang J, Lu Y, Zheng J, Jiang X, Shen H, Shang X, Lu Y, Fu P. Exploring the crosstalk between endothelial cells, immune cells, and immune checkpoints in the tumor microenvironment: new insights and therapeutic implications. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:586. [PMID: 37666809 PMCID: PMC10477350 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06119-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a highly intricate milieu, comprising a multitude of components, including immune cells and stromal cells, that exert a profound influence on tumor initiation and progression. Within the TME, angiogenesis is predominantly orchestrated by endothelial cells (ECs), which foster the proliferation and metastasis of malignant cells. The interplay between tumor and immune cells with ECs is complex and can either bolster or hinder the immune system. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of the intricate crosstalk between ECs and immune cells is essential to advance the development of immunotherapeutic interventions. Despite recent progress, the underlying molecular mechanisms that govern the interplay between ECs and immune cells remain elusive. Nevertheless, the immunomodulatory function of ECs has emerged as a pivotal determinant of the immune response. In light of this, the study of the relationship between ECs and immune checkpoints has garnered considerable attention in the field of immunotherapy. By targeting specific molecular pathways and signaling molecules associated with ECs in the TME, novel immunotherapeutic strategies may be devised to enhance the efficacy of current treatments. In this vein, we sought to elucidate the relationship between ECs, immune cells, and immune checkpoints in the TME, with the ultimate goal of identifying novel therapeutic targets and charting new avenues for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwen Fang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310003, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Lu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University, 313000, Huzhou, China
| | - Jingyan Zheng
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Lishui People's Hospital, The Six Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 323000, Lishui, China
| | - Xiaocong Jiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310003, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haixing Shen
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310003, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Cixi People's Hospital, 315300, Cixi, China
| | - Xi Shang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Taizhou Hospital, Zhejiang University, 318000, Taizhou, China
| | - Yuexin Lu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310003, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peifen Fu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310003, Hangzhou, China.
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15
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Dong Y, Hung Y, Zhang Z, Chen A, Li L, Tian M, Shen J, Shao J. iRGD-modified memory-like NK cells exhibit potent responses to hepatocellular carcinoma. J Transl Med 2023; 21:205. [PMID: 36932395 PMCID: PMC10022190 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04024-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytokine-induced memory-like natural killer (CIML NK) cells have been found to possess potent antitumor responses and induce complete remissions in patients with leukemia. However, the poor infiltration of transferred NK cells is a major obstacle in developing adoptive cell immunotherapy for solid tumors. In our study, we explored the potential of using the tumor-penetrating peptide iRGD to deliver activated CIML NK cells deep into tumor tissues. METHODS After being briefly stimulated with interleukin-12 (IL-12), IL-15, and IL-18, CIML NK cells were assessed for their phenotype and function with flow cytometry. The penetrating and killing capability of iRGD-modified CIML NK cells in tumor spheroids was revealed by confocal microscopy. The anti-tumor efficacy of these modified CIML NK cells was tested in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) xenograft mouse models. RESULTS Treating NK cells with cytokines led to a substantial activation, which was evidenced by the upregulation of CD25 and CD137. After a resting period of six days, CIML NK cells were still able to display strong activation when targeting HepG2 and SK-Hep-1 HCC cell lines. Additionally, CIML NK cells produced increased amounts of cytokines (interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha) and exhibited heightened cytotoxicity towards HCC cell lines. The iRGD modification enabled CIML NK cells to infiltrate multicellular spheroids (MCSs) and, consequently, to induce cytotoxicity against the target cancer cells. Moreover, the CIML NK cells modified with iRGD significantly decreased tumor growth in a HCC xenograft mouse model. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that CIML NK cells possess augmented potency and durability against HCC cell lines in vitro. Additionally, we have seen that the incorporation of iRGD to CIML NK cells facilitates enhanced infiltration and targeted destruction of MCSs. Moreover, the application of iRGD-modified CIML NK cells reveal remarkable anti-tumor efficacy against HCC in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbing Dong
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Hung
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Huai'an, Huai'an, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Aoxing Chen
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Li
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Manman Tian
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jie Shao
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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16
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Nintedanib-αVβ6 Integrin Ligand Conjugates Reduce TGF β-Induced EMT in Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021475. [PMID: 36674990 PMCID: PMC9861180 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth factors and cytokines released in the lung cancer microenvironment promote an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) that sustains the progression of neoplastic diseases. TGFβ is one of the most powerful inducers of this transition, as it induces overexpression of the fibronectin receptor, αvβ6 integrin, in cancer cells which, in turn, is strongly associated with EMT. Thus, αvβ6 integrin receptors may be exploited as a target for the selective delivery of anti-tumor agents. We introduce three novel synthesized conjugates, in which a selective αvβ6 receptor ligand is linked to nintedanib, a potent kinase inhibitor used to treat advanced adenocarcinoma lung cancer in clinics. The αvβ6 integrin ligand directs nintedanib activity to the target cells of the tumor microenvironment, avoiding the onset of negative side effects in normal cells. We found that the three conjugates inhibit the adhesion of cancer cells to fibronectin in a concentration-dependent manner and that αvβ6-expressing cells internalized the conjugated compounds, thus permitting nintedanib to inhibit 2D and 3D cancer cell growth and suppress the clonogenic ability of the EMT phenotype as well as intervening in other aspects associated with the EMT transition. These results highlight αvβ6 receptors as privileged access points for dual-targeting molecular conjugates engaged in an efficient and precise strategy against non-small cell lung cancer.
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17
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Liu Y, Li C, Lu Y, Liu C, Yang W. Tumor microenvironment-mediated immune tolerance in development and treatment of gastric cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1016817. [PMID: 36341377 PMCID: PMC9630479 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1016817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment is the general term for all non-cancer components and their metabolites in tumor tissue. These components include the extracellular matrix, fibroblasts, immune cells, and endothelial cells. In the early stages of tumors, the tumor microenvironment has a tumor suppressor function. As the tumor progresses, tumor immune tolerance is induced under the action of various factors, such that the tumor suppressor microenvironment is continuously transformed into a tumor-promoting microenvironment, which promotes tumor immune escape. Eventually, tumor cells manifest the characteristics of malignant proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance. In recent years, stress effects of the extracellular matrix, metabolic and phenotypic changes of innate immune cells (such as neutrophils, mast cells), and adaptive immune cells in the tumor microenvironment have been revealed to mediate the emerging mechanisms of immune tolerance, providing us with a large number of emerging therapeutic targets to relieve tumor immune tolerance. Gastric cancer is one of the most common digestive tract malignancies worldwide, whose mortality rate remains high. According to latest guidelines, the first-line chemotherapy of advanced gastric cancer is the traditional platinum and fluorouracil therapy, while immunotherapy for gastric cancer is extremely limited, including only Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) targeted drugs, whose benefits are limited. Clinical experiments confirmed that cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and other targeted drugs alone or in combination with other drugs have limited efficacy in patients with advanced gastric cancer, far less than in lung cancer, colon cancer, and other tumors. The failure of immunotherapy is mainly related to the induction of immune tolerance in the tumor microenvironment of gastric cancer. Therefore, solving the immune tolerance of tumors is key to the success of gastric cancer immunotherapy. In this study, we summarize the latest mechanisms of various components of the tumor microenvironment in gastric cancer for inducing immune tolerance and promoting the formation of the malignant phenotype of gastric cancer, as well as the research progress of targeting the tumor microenvironment to overcome immune tolerance in the treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanda Liu
- Department of Endoscopy Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Changfeng Li
- Department of Endoscopy Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Changfeng Li, ; Wei Yang,
| | - Yaoping Lu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Endoscopy Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Changfeng Li, ; Wei Yang,
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18
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Yang J, Ye H, Fan X, Li Y, Wu X, Zhao M, Hu Q, Ye Y, Wu L, Li Z, Zhang X, Liang C, Wang Y, Xu Y, Li Q, Yao S, You D, Zhao K, Liu Z. Artificial intelligence for quantifying immune infiltrates interacting with stroma in colorectal cancer. J Transl Med 2022; 20:451. [PMID: 36195956 PMCID: PMC9533523 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03666-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We proposed an artificial intelligence-based immune index, Deep-immune score, quantifying the infiltration of immune cells interacting with the tumor stroma in hematoxylin and eosin-stained whole-slide images of colorectal cancer. Methods A total of 1010 colorectal cancer patients from three centers were enrolled in this retrospective study, divided into a primary (N = 544) and a validation cohort (N = 466). We proposed the Deep-immune score, which reflected both tumor stroma proportion and the infiltration of immune cells in the stroma region. We further analyzed the correlation between the score and CD3+ T cells density in the stroma region using immunohistochemistry-stained whole-slide images. Survival analysis was performed using the Cox proportional hazard model, and the endpoint of the event was the overall survival. Result Patients were classified into 4-level score groups (score 1–4). A high Deep-immune score was associated with a high level of CD3+ T cells infiltration in the stroma region. In the primary cohort, survival analysis showed a significant difference in 5-year survival rates between score 4 and score 1 groups: 87.4% vs. 58.2% (Hazard ratio for score 4 vs. score 1 0.27, 95% confidence interval 0.15–0.48, P < 0.001). Similar trends were observed in the validation cohort (89.8% vs. 67.0%; 0.31, 0.15–0.62, < 0.001). Stratified analysis showed that the Deep-immune score could distinguish high-risk and low-risk patients in stage II colorectal cancer (P = 0.018). Conclusion The proposed Deep-immune score quantified by artificial intelligence can reflect the immune status of patients with colorectal cancer and is associate with favorable survival. This digital pathology-based finding might advocate change in risk stratification and consequent precision medicine. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-022-03666-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huifen Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinjuan Fan
- Department of Pathology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yajun Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Wu
- Department of Radiology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minning Zhao
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingru Hu
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunrui Ye
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center, Kunming, China
| | - Zhenhui Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center, Kunming, China
| | - Xueli Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Eye Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changhong Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yingyi Wang
- Department of Radiology, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yao Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Su Yao
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Dingyun You
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, 191 West Renmin Road, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Ke Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China. .,Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China. .,Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zaiyi Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China. .,Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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19
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Zhou C, Liu Q, Meng F, Ding N, Yan J, Liu B. Modification of erythrocytes by internalizing Arg-Gly-Asp (iRGD) in boosting the curative effect of radiotherapy for gastric carcinoma. J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 13:2249-2258. [PMID: 36388665 PMCID: PMC9660045 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-22-951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiation resistance remains the leading cause of radiotherapy (RT) failure. The development of tumor-specific targeted sensitizers is key to overcoming radiation resistance. Our early data showed that cancer cell penetration was simulated by internalizing arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (iRGD), and the irradiation efficacy was improved. The present study aims to design and fabricate iRGD-modified red blood cell (RBCs) for tumor targeting and RT enhancement, and to evaluate its safety and efficacy in vivo. METHODS 1,2-Distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-poly ethylene glycol-iRGD (DSPE-PEG-iRGD) was used to modify RBCs by a lipid-insertion method without direct chemical bioconjugation. Fluorescent dyes were used to trace the functional RBCs through confocal microscopy examination. In vitro stability evaluation was performed using cell culture medium incubation for 48 h followed by fluorescence decay assay. Furthermore, a subcutaneous cancer cell mouse model was constructed with MKN-45 cells for target efficacy and RT enhancement evaluation with DSPE-PEG-iRGD-modified RBCs (RBC-iRGD). RESULTS Successful construction of RBC-iRGD was verified by the presence of the yellow fluorescence, and an approximately 108 iRGD molecules were labeled on a single RBC. The final RBC-iRGD showed good stability without any hemolytic effects in the cell culture medium. Moreover, higher fluorescence intensity and decreased liver and spleen accumulation could be observed in RBC-iRGD compared to RBC + iRGD in vivo. The RBC-iRGD exerted enhanced radiosensitivity in subcutaneous gastric tumor mice. CONCLUSIONS The RBC-iRGD exerted good tumor-targeting efficacy and favorable effects for RT enhancement in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Zhou
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qin Liu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fanyan Meng
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Naiqing Ding
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Yan
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Baorui Liu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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20
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Zhou M, Zou X, Cheng K, Zhong S, Su Y, Wu T, Tao Y, Cong L, Yan B, Jiang Y. The role of cell-penetrating peptides in potential anti-cancer therapy. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e822. [PMID: 35593206 PMCID: PMC9121317 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the complex physiological structure, microenvironment and multiple physiological barriers, traditional anti-cancer drugs are severely restricted from reaching the tumour site. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are typically made up of 5-30 amino acids, and can be utilised as molecular transporters to facilitate the passage of therapeutic drugs across physiological barriers. Up to now, CPPs have widely been used in many anti-cancer treatment strategies, serving as an excellent potential choice for oncology treatment. However, their drawbacks, such as the lack of cell specificity, short duration of action, poor stability in vivo, compatibility problems (i.e. immunogenicity), poor therapeutic efficacy and formation of unwanted metabolites, have limited their further application in cancer treatment. The cellular uptake mechanisms of CPPs involve mainly endocytosis and direct penetration, but still remain highly controversial in academia. The CPPs-based drug delivery strategy could be improved by clever design or chemical modifications to develop the next-generation CPPs with enhanced cell penetration capability, stability and selectivity. In addition, some recent advances in targeted cell penetration that involve CPPs provide some new ideas to optimise CPPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animal and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xi Zou
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animal and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kexin Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animal and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Suye Zhong
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animal and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yangzhou Su
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animal and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tao Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animal and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yongguang Tao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Cong
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animal and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bin Yan
- Department of Pathology, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yiqun Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animal and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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21
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Guo G, Tan Z, Liu Y, Shi F, She J. The therapeutic potential of stem cell-derived exosomes in the ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:138. [PMID: 35365226 PMCID: PMC8973885 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02811-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy is a novel treatment strategy for cancer and a wide range of diseases with an excessive immune response such as ulcerative colitis (UC), due to its powerful immunomodulatory properties and its capacity for tissue regeneration and repair. One of the promising therapeutic options can focus on MSC-secreted exosomes (MSC-Exo), which have been identified as a type of paracrine interaction. In light of a wide variety of recent experimental studies, the present review aims to seek the recent research advances of therapies based on the MSC-Exo for treating UC and colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS A systematic literature search in MEDLINE, Scopus, and Google Scholar was performed from inception to December 2021 using the terms [("colorectal cancer" OR "bowel cancer" OR "colon cancer" OR "rectal cancer") AND (exosome) AND (stem cell) AND ("inflammatory bowel disease" OR "Crohn's disease" OR "colitis")] in titles and abstracts. FINDINGS Exosomes derived from various sources of MSCs, including human umbilical cord-derived MSCs (hUC-MSCs), human adipose-derived MSCs (hAD-MSCs), human bone marrow-derived MSCs (hBM-MSCs), and olfactory ecto-MSCs (OE-MSCs), have shown the protective role against UC and CRC. Exosomes from hUC-MSCs, hBM-MSCs, AD-MSCs, and OE-MSCs have been found to ameliorate the experimental UC through suppressing inflammatory cells including macrophages, Th1/Th17 cells, reducing the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, as well as inducing the anti-inflammatory function of Treg and Th2 cells and enhancing the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines. In addition, hBM-MSC-Exo and hUC-MSC-Exo containing tumor-suppressive miRs (miR-3940-5p/miR-22-3p/miR-16-5p) have been shown to suppress proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells via regulation of RAP2B/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and ITGA2/ITGA6. KEY MESSAGES The MSC-Exo can exert beneficial effects on UC and CRC through two different mechanisms including modulating immune responses and inducing anti-tumor responses, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Guo
- Center for Gut Microbiome Research, Med-X Institute Centre, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, 710061 China
- Department of Talent Highland, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, 710061 China
| | - Zhaobang Tan
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 China
| | - Yaping Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710061 China
| | - Feiyu Shi
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, 710061 China
| | - Junjun She
- Center for Gut Microbiome Research, Med-X Institute Centre, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, 710061 China
- Department of Talent Highland, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, 710061 China
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiao Tong University, Xi’an, 710061 China
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22
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Han S, Li G, Jia M, Zhao Y, He C, Huang M, Jiang L, Wu M, Yang J, Ji X, Liu X, Chen C, Chu X. Delivery of Anti-miRNA-221 for Colorectal Carcinoma Therapy Using Modified Cord Blood Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Exosomes. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:743013. [PMID: 34616773 PMCID: PMC8488275 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.743013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Exosomes, as natural intercellular information carriers, have great potential in the field of drug delivery. Many studies have focused on modifying exosome surface proteins to allow drugs to specifically target cancer cells. Methods: In this study, human cord blood mesenchymal stromal cell-derived exosomes were used in the delivery of anti-miRNA oligonucleotides so as to be specifically ingested by tumor cells to perform anti-tumor functions. Mesenchymal stem cells modified by the fusion gene iRGD-Lamp2b were constructed to separate and purify exosomes, and the anti-miRNA-221 oligonucleotide (AMO) was loaded into the exosomes by electroporation. Results: The AMO-loaded exosomes (AMO-Exos) effectively inhibited the proliferation and clonal formation of colon cancer cells in vitro, and it was further found that AMO-Exos was taken up by tumor cells through interaction with the NRP-1 protein. The results of a xenograft tumor model also showed that iRGD-modified exosomes were obviously enriched in tumor sites, exerting excellent anti-tumor efficacy. In vivo imaging showed that exosomes were mainly distributed in liver, spleen, and lung tissues. Conclusion: Our results suggest that genetically modified exosomes could be an ideal natural nanostructure for anti-miRNA oligonucleotide delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Han
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangchao Li
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Jia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yulu Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenglong He
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengxi Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Longwei Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meijuan Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiahe Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqin Ji
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaobei Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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23
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Pan Y, Song X, Wang Y, Wei J. Firing up the Tumor Microenvironment with Nanoparticle-Based Therapies. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13091338. [PMID: 34575414 PMCID: PMC8472427 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapies mobilizing host immunity against cancer cells have profoundly improved prognosis of cancer patients. However, efficacy of immunotherapies depends on local immune conditions. The "cold" tumor, which is characterized by lacking inflamed T cells, is insensitive to immunotherapy. Current strategies of improving the "cold" tumor microenvironment are far from satisfying. Nanoparticle-based therapies provide novel inspiration in firing up the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we presented progress and limitations of conventional immunotherapies. Then, we enumerate advantages of nanoparticle-based therapies in remodeling the "cold" tumor microenvironment. Finally, we discuss the prospect of nanoparticle-based therapies in clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Pan
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; (Y.P.); (X.S.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xueru Song
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; (Y.P.); (X.S.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yue Wang
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; (Y.P.); (X.S.); (Y.W.)
| | - Jia Wei
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; (Y.P.); (X.S.); (Y.W.)
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
- Correspondence:
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