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Xu L, Si H, Zhuang F, Li C, Zhang L, Zhao Y, Chen T, Dong Y, Wang T, Hou L, Hu T, Sun T, She Y, Hu X, Xie D, Wu J, Wu C, Zhao D, Chen C. Predicting therapeutic response to neoadjuvant immunotherapy based on an integration model in resectable stage IIIA (N2) non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2025; 169:242-253.e4. [PMID: 38763304 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2024.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Accurately predicting response during neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy for resectable non-small cell lung cancer remains clinically challenging. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of blood-based tumor mutational burden (bTMB) and a deep learning (DL) model in predicting major pathologic response (MPR) and survival from a phase 2 trial. METHODS Blood samples were prospectively collected from 45 patients with stage IIIA (N2) non-small cell lung cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy. An integrated model, combining the computed tomography-based DL score, bTMB, and clinical factors, was developed to predict tumor response to neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy. RESULTS At baseline, bTMB were detected in 77.8% (35 of 45) of patients. Baseline bTMB ≥11 mutations/megabase was associated with significantly greater MPR rates (77.8% vs 38.5%, P = .042), and longer disease-free survival (P = .043), but not overall survival (P = .131), compared with bTMB <11 mutations/megabase in 35 patients with bTMB available. The developed DL model achieved an area under the curve of 0.703 in all patients. Importantly, the predictive performance of the integrated model improved to an area under the curve of 0.820 when combining the DL score with bTMB and clinical factors. Baseline circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) status was not associated with pathologic response and survival. Compared with ctDNA residual, ctDNA clearance before surgery was associated with significantly greater MPR rates (88.2% vs 11.1%, P < .001) and improved disease-free survival (P = .010). CONCLUSIONS The integrated model shows promise as a predictor of tumor response to neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy. Serial ctDNA dynamics provide a reliable tool for monitoring tumor response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haojie Si
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fenghui Zhuang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chongwu Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yichen Dong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Likun Hou
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Hu
- Department of Medicine, Amoy Diagnostics Co, Ltd, Xiamen, China
| | - Tianlin Sun
- Department of Medicine, Amoy Diagnostics Co, Ltd, Xiamen, China
| | - Yunlang She
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuefei Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junqi Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunyan Wu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Deping Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chang Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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Fu L, Liu K, Yang J, Zhao Y, Wang Z, Tang D, Li Y, Chen H. Adsorption Behaviors of ctDNA and Biological Activities Based on Polyvinyl Alcohol/Polyethylene Glycol/Quaternized Chitosan Composite Hydrogel. Molecules 2024; 29:5770. [PMID: 39683926 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29235770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2024] [Revised: 11/25/2024] [Accepted: 12/04/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, a polyvinyl alcohol/polyethylene glycol/hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (PVA/PEG/HACC) ternary composite hydrogel was synthesized using electron-beam radiation. The materials were thoroughly characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, gelation fraction tests, and swelling rate tests. Systematic adsorption experiments revealed that the rate of adsorption of calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) by the PVA/PEG/HACC hydrogel reached 89%. The adsorption process followed the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic model. This process was mainly characterized by monolayer chemical adsorption, with intraparticle diffusion playing a crucial role. In addition, the process was spontaneous, with higher temperatures enhancing adsorption. The possible adsorption mechanisms included electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and van der Waals forces. The maximum ctDNA desorption rate was 81.67%. The adsorption rate remained at 71.39% after five adsorption-desorption cycles. The bioactivity of the PVA/PEG/HACC hydrogel was validated by antibacterial, cytotoxicity, and apoptosis tests. The results of this study demonstrated the crucial application potential of adsorbent materials in DNA adsorption and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Fu
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology/Hubei Key Laboratory of Radiation Chemistry and Functional Materials, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Kun Liu
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology/Hubei Key Laboratory of Radiation Chemistry and Functional Materials, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Jinyu Yang
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology/Hubei Key Laboratory of Radiation Chemistry and Functional Materials, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology/Hubei Key Laboratory of Radiation Chemistry and Functional Materials, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Zhijun Wang
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology/Hubei Key Laboratory of Radiation Chemistry and Functional Materials, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Dongxu Tang
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology/Hubei Key Laboratory of Radiation Chemistry and Functional Materials, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Yuesheng Li
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology/Hubei Key Laboratory of Radiation Chemistry and Functional Materials, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Huangqin Chen
- School of Stomatology and Optometry, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
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3
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Li S, Yuan T, Yuan J, Zhu B, Chen D. Opportunities and challenges of using circulating tumor DNA to predict lung cancer immunotherapy efficacy. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:501. [PMID: 39545998 PMCID: PMC11568038 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-06030-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 11/07/2024] [Indexed: 11/17/2024]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), particularly anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1)/ programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibodies, have led to significant progress in lung cancer treatment. However, only a minority of patients have responses to these therapies. Detecting peripheral blood of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) allows minimally invasive diagnosis, characterization, and monitoring of lung cancer. ctDNA has potential to be a prognostic biomarker and a predictor of the response to ICI therapy since it can indicate the genomic status and tumor burden. Recent studies on lung cancer have shown that pretreatment ctDNA analysis can detect residual proliferative disease in the adjuvant immunotherapy setting and evaluate tumor burden in patients with metastatic disease. Early ctDNA dynamics can not only predict the clinical outcome of ICI therapy but also help distinguish between pseudoprogression and real progression. Furthermore, in addition to quantitative assessment, ctDNA can also detect genetic predictors of response to ICI therapy. However, barriers still exist in the application of ctDNA analysis in clinical lung cancer treatment. The predictive value of ctDNA in lung cancer immunotherapy requires further identification and resolution of these challenges. This review aims to summarize the existing data of ctDNA analysis in patients receiving immunotherapy for lung cancer, understand the limitations of clinical treatment, and discuss future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Li
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Ting Yuan
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Center for Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China.
| | - Degao Chen
- Institute of Cancer, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, China.
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Oh HJ, Imam-Aliagan AB, Kim YB, Kim HJ, Izaguirre IA, Sung CK, Yim H. Clinical applications of circulating biomarkers in non-small cell lung cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1449232. [PMID: 39239557 PMCID: PMC11375801 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1449232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in cancer diagnostics and treatment, the mortality associated with lung cancer is still the highest in the world. Late-stage diagnosis, often accompanied by metastasis, is a major contributor to the high mortality rates, emphasizing the urgent need for reliable and readily accessible diagnostic tools that can detect biomarkers unique to lung cancer. Circulating factors, such as circulating tumor DNA and extracellular vesicles, from liquid biopsy have been recognized as diagnostic or prognostic markers in lung cancer. Numerous clinical studies are currently underway to investigate the potential of circulating tumor DNA, circulating tumor RNA, exosomes, and exosomal microRNA within the context of lung cancer. Those clinical studies aim to address the poor diagnostics and limited treatment options for lung cancer, with the ultimate goal of developing clinical markers and personalized therapies. In this review, we discuss the roles of each circulating factor, its current research status, and ongoing clinical studies of circulating factors in non-small cell lung cancer. Additionally, we discuss the circulating factors specifically found in lung cancer stem cells and examine approved diagnostic assays designed to detect circulating biomarkers in lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Ji Oh
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Abdulhamid B Imam-Aliagan
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX, United States
| | - Yeo-Bin Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Issac A Izaguirre
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX, United States
| | - Chang K Sung
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX, United States
| | - Hyungshin Yim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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5
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Zhu S, Wu R, Liu X, Xie B, Xie C, Li S, Wu Z, Zhang Z, Tang Z, Gu L. Clinical application of ctDNA in early diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Future Oncol 2024; 20:2213-2224. [PMID: 39073412 PMCID: PMC11514542 DOI: 10.1080/14796694.2024.2376513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) being the most common type. As understanding of precise treatment options for NSCLC deepens, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a potential biomarker that has become a research hotspot and may represent a new approach for the individualized diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC. This article reviews the applications of ctDNA for the early screening of patients with NSCLC, guiding targeted therapy and immunotherapy, evaluating chemotherapy and postoperative efficacy, assessing prognosis and monitoring recurrence. With the in-depth study of the pathogenesis of NSCLC, plasma ctDNA may become an indispensable part of the precise treatment of NSCLC, which has great clinical application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenyu Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Ganzhou Key Lab of Brain Injury & Brain Protection, Ganzhou, China
| | - Rongqian Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Gaoxin Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiangjin Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bin Xie
- First Clinical Medical College, The Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Chunfa Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Ganzhou Key Lab of Brain Injury & Brain Protection, Ganzhou, China
| | - Shulin Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Ganzhou Key Lab of Brain Injury & Brain Protection, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zhicheng Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Ganzhou Key Lab of Brain Injury & Brain Protection, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zuxiong Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Ganzhou Key Lab of Brain Injury & Brain Protection, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zhixian Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Ganzhou Key Lab of Brain Injury & Brain Protection, Ganzhou, China
| | - Liang Gu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Ganzhou Key Lab of Brain Injury & Brain Protection, Ganzhou, China
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6
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Chen S, Hu T, Zhao J, Zhu Q, Wang J, Huang Z, Xiang C, Zhao R, Zhu C, Lu S, Han Y. Novel molecular subtypes of METex14 non-small cell lung cancer with distinct biological and clinical significance. NPJ Precis Oncol 2024; 8:159. [PMID: 39060379 PMCID: PMC11282101 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-024-00642-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Not all MET exon 14 skipping (METex14) NSCLC patients benefited from MET inhibitors. We hypothesized an inter-tumoral heterogeneity in METex14 NSCLC. Investigations at genomic and transcriptomic level were conducted in METex14 NSCLC samples from stage I-III and recurrent/metastatic patients as discovery and validation cohort. Four molecular subtypes were discovered. MET-Driven subtype, with the worst prognosis, displayed MET overexpression, enrichment of MET-related pathways, and higher infiltration of fibroblast and regulatory T cells. Immune-Activated subtype having the most idea long-term survival, had higher tertiary lymphoid structures, spatial co-option of PD-L1+ cancer cells, and GZMK+ CD8+ T cell. FGFR- and Bypass-Activated subtypes displayed FGFR2 overexpression and enrichments of multiple oncogenic pathways respectively. In the validation cohort, patients with MET-Driven subtype had better response to MET inhibitors than those with MET overexpression. Thus, molecular subtypes of METex14 NSCLC with distinct biological and clinical significance may indicate more precise therapeutic strategies for METex14 NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Chen
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Hu
- Department of Medicine, Amoy Diagnostics Co., Ltd., Xiamen, China
| | - Jikai Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Medicine, Amoy Diagnostics Co., Ltd., Xiamen, China
| | - Zhan Huang
- Department of Medicine, Amoy Diagnostics Co., Ltd., Xiamen, China
| | - Chan Xiang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruiying Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changbin Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Amoy Diagnostics Co., Ltd., Xiamen, China.
| | - Shun Lu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yuchen Han
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China.
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Restrepo JC, Martínez Guevara D, Pareja López A, Montenegro Palacios JF, Liscano Y. Identification and Application of Emerging Biomarkers in Treatment of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2338. [PMID: 39001401 PMCID: PMC11240412 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16132338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) comprises approximately 85% of all lung cancer cases, often diagnosed at advanced stages, which diminishes the effective treatment options and survival rates. This systematic review assesses the utility of emerging biomarkers-circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), microRNAs (miRNAs), and the blood tumor mutational burden (bTMB)-enhanced by next-generation sequencing (NGS) to improve the diagnostic accuracy, prognostic evaluation, and treatment strategies in NSCLC. Analyzing data from 37 studies involving 10,332 patients from 2020 to 2024, the review highlights how biomarkers like ctDNA and PD-L1 expression critically inform the selection of personalized therapies, particularly beneficial in the advanced stages of NSCLC. These biomarkers are critical for prognostic assessments and in dynamically adapting treatment plans, where high PD-L1 expression and specific genetic mutations (e.g., ALK fusions, EGFR mutations) significantly guide the use of targeted therapies and immunotherapies. The findings recommend integrating these biomarkers into standardized clinical pathways to maximize their potential in enhancing the treatment precision, ultimately fostering significant advancements in oncology and improving patient outcomes and quality of life. This review substantiates the prognostic and predictive value of these biomarkers and emphasizes the need for ongoing innovation in biomarker research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Restrepo
- Grupo de Investigación en Salud Integral (GISI), Departamento Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali 760035, Colombia
| | - Darly Martínez Guevara
- Grupo de Investigación en Salud Integral (GISI), Departamento Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali 760035, Colombia
| | - Andrés Pareja López
- Grupo de Investigación Unidad de Toxicidad In Vitro-UTi, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad CES, Medellin 050021, Colombia
| | | | - Yamil Liscano
- Grupo de Investigación en Salud Integral (GISI), Departamento Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali 760035, Colombia
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Zhang M, Zhang G, Niu Y, Zhang G, Ji Y, Yan X, Zhang X, Wang Q, Jing X, Wang J, Ma Z, Wang H. Sintilimab with two cycles of chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced squamous non-small cell lung cancer: a phase 2 clinical trial. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1512. [PMID: 38374204 PMCID: PMC10876536 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45769-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This was a single-arm, multicenter phase 2 clinical trial (ChiCTR1900021726) involving advanced squamous non-small cell lung cancer (sq-NSCLC) patients undergoing 2 cycles of nab-paclitaxel/carboplatin and sintilimab (anti-PD-1), followed by sintilimab maintenance therapy. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 11.4 months (95% CI: 6.7-18.1), which met the pre-specified primary endpoint. Secondary endpoints included objective response rate reaching 70.5% and a disease control rate of 93.2%, with a median duration of response of 13.6 months [95% CI: 7.0-not evaluable (NE)]. The median overall survival was 27.2 months (95% CI: 20.2-NE) with treatment-related adverse events grades ≥3 occurring in 10.9% of patients. Predefined exploratory endpoints comprised relationships between biomarkers and treatment efficacy, and the association between circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) dynamics and PFS. Biomarker analysis revealed that the breast cancer gene 2, BMP/Retinoic Acid Inducible Neural Specific 3, F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 7, tyrosine-protein kinase KIT and retinoblastoma 1 abnormalities led to shorter PFS, while ctDNA negative at baseline or clearance at 2 cycles of treatment was associated with longer PFS (18.1 vs. 4.3 months). Taken together, sintilimab in combination with 2 cycles of nab-paclitaxel/carboplatin treatment produced encouraging PFS and better tolerability as first-line treatment for advanced sq-NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer Hospital, 127 Dongming Rd, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Guowei Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer Hospital, 127 Dongming Rd, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Yuanyuan Niu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer Hospital, 127 Dongming Rd, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Guifang Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xinxiang Central Hospital, 56 Jinsui Rd, Xinxiang, 453000, China
| | - Yinghua Ji
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, 88 Jiankang Rd, Xinxiang, 453199, China
| | - Xiangtao Yan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer Hospital, 127 Dongming Rd, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer Hospital, 127 Dongming Rd, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Qichuan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second People's Hospital of Nanyang, 66 Jianshe Rd, Nanyang, 473000, China
| | - Xiaohui Jing
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First People's Hospital of Pingdingshan, 117 Youyue Rd, Pingdingshan, 467099, China
| | - Junsheng Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Anyang Cancer Hospital, 2 N Huanbin Rd, Anyang, 455001, China
| | - Zhiyong Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer Hospital, 127 Dongming Rd, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Huijuan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University/Henan Cancer Hospital, 127 Dongming Rd, Zhengzhou, 450003, China.
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Xin L, Yue Y, Zihan R, Youbin C, Tianyu L, Rui W. Clinical application of liquid biopsy based on circulating tumor DNA in non-small cell lung cancer. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1200124. [PMID: 37351260 PMCID: PMC10282751 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1200124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a widely occurring and deadly malignancy, with high prevalence rates in China and across the globe. Specifically, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents about 85% of all lung cancer cases. The 5-year disease-free survival rate after surgery for stage IB-IIIB NSCLC patients (disease-free survival, DFS) has notably declined from 73% to 13%. Early detection of abnormal cancer molecules and subsequent personalized treatment plans are the most effective ways to address this problem. Liquid biopsy, surprisingly, enables safe, accurate, non-invasive, and dynamic tracking of disease progression. Among the various modalities, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is the most commonly used liquid biopsy modality. ctDNA serves as a credible "liquid biopsy" diagnostic tool that, to a certain extent, overcomes tumor heterogeneity and harbors genetic mutations in malignancies, thereby providing early information on tumor genetic alterations. Despite considerable academic interest in the clinical significance of ctDNA, consensus on its utility remains lacking. In this review, we assess the role of ctDNA testing in the diagnosis and management of NSCLC as a reference for clinical intervention in this disease. Lastly, we examine future directions to optimize ctDNA for personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lu Tianyu
- *Correspondence: Wang Rui, ; Lu Tianyu,
| | - Wang Rui
- *Correspondence: Wang Rui, ; Lu Tianyu,
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10
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Qian D, Li J, Huang M, Cui Q, Liu X, Sun K. Dendritic cell vaccines in breast cancer: Immune modulation and immunotherapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114685. [PMID: 37058818 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Although substantial progress has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer, the efficacy and side effects of traditional treatment methods are still unsatisfactory. In recent years, immunotherapy including tumor vaccine has achieved great success in the treatment of BC. Dendritic cells (DCs) are multifunctional antigen-presenting cells that play an important role in the initiation and regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. Numerous studies have shown that DC-based treatments might have a potential effect on BC. Among them, the clinical study of DC vaccine in BC has demonstrated considerable anti-tumor effect, and some DC vaccines have entered the stage of clinical trials. In this review, we summarize the immunomodulatory effects and related mechanisms of DC vaccine in breast cancer as well as the progress of clinical trials to propose possible challenges of DC vaccines and new development directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Qian
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery-Hand Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Jialu Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changshu 215500, China
| | - Mingyao Huang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350000, China
| | - Qiuxia Cui
- Department of Breast Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changshu 215500, China.
| | - Xiaozhen Liu
- Cancer Center, Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Kailv Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, Changshu Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changshu 215500, China.
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