1
|
Ge Y, Liu H, Huang W, Zhu H, Zong D, He X. Immunoinhibitory effects of hypoxia-driven reprogramming of EGR1 hi and EGR3 positive B cells in the nasopharyngeal carcinoma microenvironment. Oral Oncol 2024; 158:106999. [PMID: 39197193 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2024.106999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
Regulatory B (Breg) cells is a type of immune cell that exhibit immunosuppressive behavior within the tumor microenvironment. However, the differentiation and regulatory mechanisms of these Breg cells remain unexplored. Single-cell transcriptome sequencing analysis of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) revealed a significant enrichment of B cell subset characterized by high expression of EGR1 and EGR3 in the tumor microenvironment. Notably, in the hypoxic microenvironment, these B cells induce MAPK pathway activation, subsequently triggering the activation of transcription factors EGR1 and EGR3, which further modulate the expression of immunosuppressive factors like TGFB1 and IL10. In transplant experiments using primary B cells induced under hypoxia and co-transplanted with cancer cells, a significant increase in tumor growth was observed. Mechanism experiments demonstrated that EGR1hi and EGR3+ B cells further activate the maturation and immunosuppressive function of Treg cells through the secretion of IL16 and TNF-α. Hence, this study identifies the key transcription factors EGR1 and EGR3 as essential regulators and elucidates the differentiation of Breg cells under hypoxic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yizhi Ge
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Haitao Liu
- College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
| | - Wenxuan Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Huanfeng Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Dan Zong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Xia He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China; Department of Environmental Genomics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang X, Yao J, Xie M, Liang Y, Lin X, Song J, Bao X, Ma X, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Han W, Pan L, Xue X. Tertiary lymphoid structures as potential biomarkers for cancer prediction and prognosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 140:112790. [PMID: 39088920 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are ectopic lymphocyte aggregates formed in non-lymphoid tissues, including cancers, and are loci for the generation of in situ anti-tumor immune responses, which play a crucial role in cancer control. The state of TLS presence in cancer and its composition can significantly impact the treatment response and prognosis of patients. TLSs have the potential to serve as predictive and prognostic biomarkers for cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying TLS formation in cancer and how the essential components of TLSs affect cancer are not fully understood. In this review, we summarized TLS formation in cancer, the value of the TLS in different states of existence, and its key constituents for cancer prediction and prognosis. Finally, we discussed the impact of cancer treatment on TLSs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261000, China
| | - Jie Yao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Emergency and Critical Care Medical Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Mei Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100835, China
| | - Yiran Liang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Emergency and Critical Care Medical Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Xuwen Lin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Emergency and Critical Care Medical Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Jialin Song
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261000, China
| | - Xinyu Bao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261000, China
| | - Xidong Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Emergency and Critical Care Medical Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Yuanyong Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shanxi, 710038, China
| | - Yinguang Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Yiming Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100835, China
| | - Wenya Han
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Lei Pan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Emergency and Critical Care Medical Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China.
| | - Xinying Xue
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261000, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Emergency and Critical Care Medical Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yao Q, Cheng S, Pan Q, Yu J, Cao G, Li L, Cao H. Organoids: development and applications in disease models, drug discovery, precision medicine, and regenerative medicine. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e735. [PMID: 39309690 PMCID: PMC11416091 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 08/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Organoids are miniature, highly accurate representations of organs that capture the structure and unique functions of specific organs. Although the field of organoids has experienced exponential growth, driven by advances in artificial intelligence, gene editing, and bioinstrumentation, a comprehensive and accurate overview of organoid applications remains necessary. This review offers a detailed exploration of the historical origins and characteristics of various organoid types, their applications-including disease modeling, drug toxicity and efficacy assessments, precision medicine, and regenerative medicine-as well as the current challenges and future directions of organoid research. Organoids have proven instrumental in elucidating genetic cell fate in hereditary diseases, infectious diseases, metabolic disorders, and malignancies, as well as in the study of processes such as embryonic development, molecular mechanisms, and host-microbe interactions. Furthermore, the integration of organoid technology with artificial intelligence and microfluidics has significantly advanced large-scale, rapid, and cost-effective drug toxicity and efficacy assessments, thereby propelling progress in precision medicine. Finally, with the advent of high-performance materials, three-dimensional printing technology, and gene editing, organoids are also gaining prominence in the field of regenerative medicine. Our insights and predictions aim to provide valuable guidance to current researchers and to support the continued advancement of this rapidly developing field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qigu Yao
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Medical Center for Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Sheng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Medical Center for Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Qiaoling Pan
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Medical Center for Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Jiong Yu
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Medical Center for Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Guoqiang Cao
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Medical Center for Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Medical Center for Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Hongcui Cao
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesNational Medical Center for Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Physic‐Chemical and Aging‐Related InjuriesHangzhouChina
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gu X, Li D, Wu P, Zhang C, Cui X, Shang D, Ma R, Liu J, Sun N, He J. Revisiting the CXCL13/CXCR5 axis in the tumor microenvironment in the era of single-cell omics: Implications for immunotherapy. Cancer Lett 2024; 605:217278. [PMID: 39332588 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 09/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Abstract
As one of the important members of the family of chemokines and their receptors, the CXCL13/CXCR5 axis is involved in follicle formation in normal lymphoid tissues and the establishment of somatic cavity immunity under physiological conditions, as well as being associated with a wide range of infectious, autoimmune, and tumoral diseases. Here in this review, we focus on its role in tumors. Traditional studies have found the axis to be both pro- and anti-tumorigenic, involving a variety of immune cells, including the tumor cells themselves and those in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and the prognostic significance of this axis is clinical context-dependent. With the development of techniques at the single-cell level, we were able to explain in detail the status of the CXCL13/CXCR5 axis in the TME based on real clinical samples and found that it involves a range of crucial intrinsic anti-tumor immune processes in the TME and is therefore important in tumor immunotherapy. We summarize the cellular subsets, physiological functions, and prognostic significance associated with this axis in the most promising immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapies of the day and summarize possible therapeutic ideas based on this axis. As with any TME study, the most important takeaway is that the complexity of the CXCL13/CXCR5 axis in TME suggests the importance of personalized therapy in tumor therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuanyu Gu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China; 4+4 Medical Doctor Program, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Dongyu Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China; 4+4 Medical Doctor Program, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Chaoqi Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xinyu Cui
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China; 4+4 Medical Doctor Program, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Dexin Shang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China; 4+4 Medical Doctor Program, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Ruijie Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Nan Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cortés-Guiral D, Kranenburg O, Sgarbura O, Van Der Speeten K, Taibi A, Hübner M, Yacoov AB. PIPAC Pharmacologic and Clinical Data. J Surg Oncol 2024. [PMID: 39315493 DOI: 10.1002/jso.27900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2024] [Revised: 09/01/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) emerged as an innovative intraperitoneal chemotherapy delivery system to overcome the issue of limited efficacy of systemic therapies to induce response in peritoneal malignancies. Promising results for patients with mesothelioma peritonei and peritoneal metastasis from gastric, ovarian, colorectal, pancreatic, and hepatobiliary tumors origin are changing the landscape for patients otherwise just facing palliative treatment. Ongoing trials will shed more light on the actual benefits of PIPAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Delia Cortés-Guiral
- IVOQA (Viamed Advanced Surgical Oncology Institute), Hospital Viamed Santa Elena, Madrid, Spain
| | - Onno Kranenburg
- Lab Translational Oncology Cancer, Department of Surgical Oncology, Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells, Utrecht Platform for Organoid Technology (UPORT), UMCU, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Division of Imaging and Cancer, UMCU, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Olivia Sgarbura
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Kurt Van Der Speeten
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, BIOMED Research Institute, University Hasselt, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Albdelkader Taibi
- Digestive Surgery Department, Dupuytren Limoges University Hospital, Limoges, France. CNRS, XLIM, UMR 7252, University Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Martin Hübner
- Department of Visceral Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Almog Ben Yacoov
- Department of General Surgery C and Surgical Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li J, Chen M, Tong M, Cao Q. TUBA1C orchestrates the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and resistance to immune checkpoint blockade in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1457691. [PMID: 39301023 PMCID: PMC11410638 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1457691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) poses substantial treatment challenges, especially in advanced stages where the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy varies significantly. Elevated expression of the oncogene TUBA1C has been correlated with poor prognosis in various cancers, however, its role in ccRCC is unclear, especially concerning ICB resistance. Methods Single-cell analysis was used to examine gene expression variations in malignant cells post-ICB therapy. This included investigating TUBA1C expression across different ICB response groups and its relationship with CD274. A general module of action was identified through pan-cancer and pan-tissue analysis. TUBA1C expression and its association with clinical characteristics and prognosis was further validated. Multiple algorithms were employed to explore immune cell infiltration levels, and the DepMap database was utilized to assess gene dependency and mutation status in kidney cancer cell lines. The in silico knockout of TUBA1C was performed using deep learning model, complemented by immunohistochemical assays, clinical cohort and functional assays validations. Results TUBA1C expression is elevated in malignant cells following ICB therapy and is correlated with ICB resistance in ccRCC. High TUBA1C expression activates PI3K/AKT pathway and is associated with increased infiltration of regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, which contributes to an immunosuppressive microenvironment in ccRCC. Patients with high TUBA1C expression exhibit a greater tumor mutation burden and increased genetic variation, which causes a worse prognosis. Additionally, TUBA1C dependency and its effects were evident in kidney cancer cell lines, where mutations conferred resistance to anti-PD-L1 therapy. In silico knockout analyses indicated that treatment targeting TUBA1C shifted malignant cells to a state responsive to ICB therapy. Immunohistochemistry, RT-qPCR and clinical cohort validation further confirmed that TUBA1C expression was upregulated and contributed to poorer outcome in ccRCC. Finaly, wound healing and CCK-8 assays demonstrated the potent oncogenic function of TUBA1C. Conclusions TUBA1C is a pivotal regulator in ccRCC, affecting both disease progression and the effectiveness of ICB therapy by fostering an immunosuppressive microenvironment mediated by the PI3K/AKT pathway. Additionally, TUBA1C holds promise, both as a prognostic biomarker and a therapeutic target, for enhancing responsiveness to ICB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Meixue Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
- Department of Pediatric, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Ming Tong
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Qingfei Cao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Teillaud JL, Houel A, Panouillot M, Riffard C, Dieu-Nosjean MC. Tertiary lymphoid structures in anticancer immunity. Nat Rev Cancer 2024; 24:629-646. [PMID: 39117919 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-024-00728-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are transient ectopic lymphoid aggregates where adaptive antitumour cellular and humoral responses can be elaborated. Initially described in non-small cell lung cancer as functional immune lymphoid structures associated with better clinical outcome, TLS have also been found in many other carcinomas, as well as melanomas and sarcomas, and associated with improved response to immunotherapy. The manipulation of TLS as a therapeutic strategy is now coming of age owing to the likely role of TLS in the improved survival of patients with cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment. TLS have also garnered considerable interest as a predictive biomarker of the response to antitumour therapies, including immune checkpoint blockade and, possibly, chemotherapy. However, several important questions still remain regarding the definition of TLS in terms of both their cellular composition and functions. Here, we summarize the current views on the composition of TLS at different stages of their development. We also discuss the role of B cells and T cells associated with TLS and their dialogue in mounting antibody and cellular antitumour responses, as well as some of the various mechanisms that negatively regulate antitumour activity of TLS. The prognostic value of TLS to the clinical outcome of patients with cancer and the relationship between TLS and the response to therapy are then addressed. Finally, we present some preclinical evidence that favours the idea that manipulating the formation and function of TLS could lead to a potent next-generation cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Luc Teillaud
- Sorbonne University UMRS1135, Paris, France
- Inserm U1135, Paris, France
- Center of Immunology and Microbial Infections (Cimi), Faculty of Health, Paris, France
| | - Ana Houel
- Sorbonne University UMRS1135, Paris, France
- Inserm U1135, Paris, France
- Center of Immunology and Microbial Infections (Cimi), Faculty of Health, Paris, France
- Transgene, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Marylou Panouillot
- Sorbonne University UMRS1135, Paris, France
- Inserm U1135, Paris, France
- Center of Immunology and Microbial Infections (Cimi), Faculty of Health, Paris, France
- Sanofi, Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Clémence Riffard
- Sorbonne University UMRS1135, Paris, France
- Inserm U1135, Paris, France
- Center of Immunology and Microbial Infections (Cimi), Faculty of Health, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Caroline Dieu-Nosjean
- Sorbonne University UMRS1135, Paris, France.
- Inserm U1135, Paris, France.
- Center of Immunology and Microbial Infections (Cimi), Faculty of Health, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Saris J, Bootsma S, Verhoeff J, Tuynman JB, Wildenberg ME, Rijnstra ESV, Lenos KJ, Garcia Vallejo JJ, Vermeulen L, Grootjans J. T-cell responses in colorectal peritoneal metastases are recapitulated in a humanized immune system mouse model. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1415457. [PMID: 39044825 PMCID: PMC11263213 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1415457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The occurrence of peritoneal metastasis (PM) in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) has a dismal prognosis. There is often limited response to systemic- and immunotherapy, even in microsatellite unstable (MSI) CRC. To overcome therapy resistance, it is critical to understand local immune environment in the peritoneal cavity, and to develop models to study anti-tumor immune responses. Here, we defined the peritoneal immune system (PerIS) in PM-CRC patients and evaluate the pre-clinical potential of a humanized immune system (HIS) mouse model for PM-CRC. Methods We studied the human PerIS in PM-CRC patients (n=20; MSS 19/20; 95%) and in healthy controls (n=3). HIS mice (NODscid gamma background; n=18) were generated, followed by intraperitoneal injection of either saline (HIS control; n=3) or human MSS/MSI CRC cell lines HUTU80, MDST8 and HCT116 (HIS-PM, n=15). Immune cells in peritoneal fluid and peritoneal tumors were analyzed using cytometry by time of flight (CyTOF). Results The human and HIS mouse homeostatic PerIS was equally populated by NK cells and CD4+- and CD8+ T cells, however differences were observed in macrophage and B cell abundance. In HIS mice, successful peritoneal engraftment of both MSI and MSS tumors was observed (15/15; 100%). Both in human PM-CRC and in the HIS mouse PM-CRC model, we observed that MSS PM-CRC triggered a CD4+ Treg response in the PerIS, while MSI PM-CRC drives CD8+ TEMs responses. Conclusion In conclusion, T cell responses in PM-CRC in HIS mice mirror those in human PM-CRC, making this model suitable to study antitumor T cell responses in PM-CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Job Saris
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sanne Bootsma
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jan Verhoeff
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Molecular Cell Biology & Immunology, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jurriaan B. Tuynman
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Manon E. Wildenberg
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Kristiaan J. Lenos
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Juan J. Garcia Vallejo
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Molecular Cell Biology & Immunology, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Louis Vermeulen
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory for Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Joep Grootjans
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yang F, Yang J, Wu M, Chen C, Chu X. Tertiary lymphoid structures: new immunotherapy biomarker. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1394505. [PMID: 39026662 PMCID: PMC11254617 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1394505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy shows substantial advancement in cancer and is becoming widely used in clinical practice. A variety of biomarkers have been proposed to predict the efficacy of immunotherapy, but most of them have low predictive ability. Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs), the aggregation of multiple lymphocytes, have been found to exist in various tumor tissues. TLSs have been shown to correlate with patient prognosis and immunotherapy response. This review summarizes the characteristics of TLSs and the inducing factors of TLS formation, presents available evidence on the role of TLSs in predicting immunotherapy response in different cancers, and lastly emphasizes their predictive potential for neoadjuvant immunotherapy efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiahe Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meijuan Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Song Y, Chen M, Wei Y, Ma X, Shi H. Signaling pathways in colorectal cancer implications for the target therapies. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2024; 5:21. [PMID: 38844562 PMCID: PMC11156834 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-024-00178-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) stands as a pressing global health issue, marked by the unbridled proliferation of immature cells influenced by multifaceted internal and external factors. Numerous studies have explored the intricate mechanisms of tumorigenesis in CRC, with a primary emphasis on signaling pathways, particularly those associated with growth factors and chemokines. However, the sheer diversity of molecular targets introduces complexity into the selection of targeted therapies, posing a significant challenge in achieving treatment precision. The quest for an effective CRC treatment is further complicated by the absence of pathological insights into the mutations or alterations occurring in tumor cells. This study reveals the transfer of signaling from the cell membrane to the nucleus, unveiling recent advancements in this crucial cellular process. By shedding light on this novel dimension, the research enhances our understanding of the molecular intricacies underlying CRC, providing a potential avenue for breakthroughs in targeted therapeutic strategies. In addition, the study comprehensively outlines the potential immune responses incited by the aberrant activation of signaling pathways, with a specific focus on immune cells, cytokines, and their collective impact on the dynamic landscape of drug development. This research not only contributes significantly to advancing CRC treatment and molecular medicine but also lays the groundwork for future breakthroughs and clinical trials, fostering optimism for improved outcomes and refined approaches in combating colorectal carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Song
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Chen
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhao Wei
- West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuelei Ma
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huashan Shi
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Xun J, Hu Z, Wang M, Jiang X, Liu B, Han Y, Gao R, Wu X, Zhang A, Yang S, Wang X, Yu X, Zhang Q. Hydroxygenkwanin suppresses peritoneal metastasis in colorectal cancer by modulating tumor-associated macrophages polarization. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 396:111038. [PMID: 38719169 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Peritoneal metastasis is an important cause of high mortality and poor prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Therefore, the development of compounds with unique anti-CRC Peritoneal metastasis activities is urgently needed to improve the survival of CRC patients. Hydroxygenkwanin (HGK),a natural flavonoid compound, have been shown to display anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, and immunoregulatory effects. Here, we employed CRC peritoneal metastasis mouse model with MC38 cells to examine the antitumor activity of HGK. The result showed that HGK not only inhibited peritoneal metastasis, but also significantly increased the proportion of M1-like macrophages while decreasing the proportion of M2-like macrophages within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Furthermore, we demonstrated that the inhibitory effect of HGK on peritoneal metastasis of CRC depended on macrophages in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we revealed that HGK promoted the polarization of TAMs into M1-like macrophages and inhibited their polarization into M2-like macrophages in a LPS- or IL-4-induced bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) model and co-culture system. Finally, we also investigated the regulatory mechanism of HGK on TAMs polarization that HGK may active p-STAT5, p-NF-κB signaling in M1-like macrophages and inhibit p-STAT6, JMJD3, PPARγ expression in M2-like macrophages. Taken together, our findings suggest that HGK is a natural candidate for effective prevention of peritoneal metastasis in colorectal cancer, which provides a potential strategy for clinical treatment of colorectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Integrative Medicine for Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Zhibo Hu
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Meilin Wang
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Xiaolin Jiang
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Yingdi Han
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Ruifang Gao
- Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Xueliang Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Hebei, 075000, China
| | - Aimin Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Integrative Medicine for Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Shimin Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Integrative Medicine for Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Ximo Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Integrative Medicine for Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300100, China
| | - Xiangyang Yu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Integrative Medicine for Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300100, China.
| | - Qi Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acute Abdomen Disease Associated Organ Injury and ITCWM Repair, Institute of Integrative Medicine for Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ha YJ, Park SH, Tak KH, Lee JL, Kim CW, Kim JH, Kim SY, Kim SK, Yoon YS. CILP2 is a potential biomarker for the prediction and therapeutic target of peritoneal metastases in colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12487. [PMID: 38816545 PMCID: PMC11139887 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63366-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal metastases (PM) in colorectal cancer (CRC) is associated with a dismal prognosis. Identifying and exploiting new biomarkers, signatures, and molecular targets for personalised interventions in the treatment of PM in CRC is imperative. We conducted transcriptomic profiling using RNA-seq data generated from the primary tissues of 19 CRC patients with PM. Using our dataset established in a previous study, we identified 1422 differentially expressed genes compared to non-metastatic CRC. The profiling demonstrated no differential expression in liver and lung metastatic CRC. We selected 12 genes based on stringent criteria and evaluated their expression patterns in a validation cohort of 32 PM patients and 84 without PM using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. We selected cartilage intermediate layer protein 2 (CILP2) because of high mRNA expression in PM patients in our validation cohort and its association with a poor prognosis in The Cancer Genome Atlas. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis in our validation cohort demonstrated that CRC patients with high CILP2 expression had significantly poor survival outcomes. Knockdown of CILP2 significantly reduced the proliferation, colony-forming ability, invasiveness, and migratory capacity and downregulated the expression of molecules related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition in HCT116 cells. In an in vivo peritoneal dissemination mouse knockdown of CILP2 also inhibited CRC growth. Therefore, CILP2 is a promising biomarker for the prediction and treatment of PM in CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Jin Ha
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Seong-Hwan Park
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
- Department of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Korea
| | - Ka Hee Tak
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Jong Lyul Lee
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Chan Wook Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hwan Kim
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Seon-Young Kim
- Department of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Korea
- Korea Bioinformation Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Seon-Kyu Kim
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Korea.
- Department of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Korea.
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, 34141, Korea.
| | - Yong Sik Yoon
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fan S, Zhou L, Zhang W, Wang D, Tang D. Role of imbalanced gut microbiota in promoting CRC metastasis: from theory to clinical application. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:232. [PMID: 38637851 PMCID: PMC11025274 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01615-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Metastasis poses a major challenge in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment and remains a primary cause of mortality among patients with CRC. Recent investigations have elucidated the involvement of disrupted gut microbiota homeostasis in various facets of CRC metastasis, exerting a pivotal influence in shaping the metastatic microenvironment, triggering epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and so on. Moreover, therapeutic interventions targeting the gut microbiota demonstrate promise in enhancing the efficacy of conventional treatments for metastatic CRC (mCRC), presenting novel avenues for mCRC clinical management. Grounded in the "seed and soil" hypothesis, this review consolidates insights into the mechanisms by which imbalanced gut microbiota promotes mCRC and highlights recent strides in leveraging gut microbiota modulation for the clinical prevention and treatment of mCRC. Emphasis is placed on the considerable potential of manipulating gut microbiota within clinical settings for managing mCRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiying Fan
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, 225000, Yangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Lujia Zhou
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, 225000, Yangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, 400030, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Daorong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of General Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou University, 225000, Yangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Dong Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of General Surgery, Clinical Medical College, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou University, 225000, Yangzhou, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang Y, Xu M, Ren Y, Ba Y, Liu S, Zuo A, Xu H, Weng S, Han X, Liu Z. Tertiary lymphoid structural heterogeneity determines tumour immunity and prospects for clinical application. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:75. [PMID: 38582847 PMCID: PMC10998345 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-01980-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are clusters of immune cells that resemble and function similarly to secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs). While TLS is generally associated with an anti-tumour immune response in most cancer types, it has also been observed to act as a pro-tumour immune response. The heterogeneity of TLS function is largely determined by the composition of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and the balance of cell subsets within the tumour-associated TLS (TA-TLS). TA-TLS of varying maturity, density, and location may have opposing effects on tumour immunity. Higher maturity and/or higher density TLS are often associated with favorable clinical outcomes and immunotherapeutic response, mainly due to crosstalk between different proportions of immune cell subpopulations in TA-TLS. Therefore, TLS can be used as a marker to predict the efficacy of immunotherapy in immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Developing efficient imaging and induction methods to study TA-TLS is crucial for enhancing anti-tumour immunity. The integration of imaging techniques with biological materials, including nanoprobes and hydrogels, alongside artificial intelligence (AI), enables non-invasive in vivo visualization of TLS. In this review, we explore the dynamic interactions among T and B cell subpopulations of varying phenotypes that contribute to the structural and functional diversity of TLS, examining both existing and emerging techniques for TLS imaging and induction, focusing on cancer immunotherapies and biomaterials. We also highlight novel therapeutic approaches of TLS that are being explored with the aim of increasing ICB treatment efficacy and predicting prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuyuan Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Mengjun Xu
- Medical School of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuqing Ren
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Yuhao Ba
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Shutong Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Anning Zuo
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Siyuan Weng
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Xinwei Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
- Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
- Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
| | - Zaoqu Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
- Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
- Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Feng H, Zhang S, Zhou Q, Han F, Du G, Wang L, Yang X, Zhang X, Yu W, Wei F, Hao X, Ren X, Zhao H. Intratumor tertiary lymphatic structure evaluation predicts the prognosis and immunotherapy response of patients with colorectal cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1302903. [PMID: 38500886 PMCID: PMC10946338 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1302903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Immune checkpoint therapy, involving the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibody, has revolutionized the treatment of cancer. Tertiary lymphatic structure (TLS) serves as an immune indicator to predict the efficacy of PD-1 antibody therapy. However, there is no clear result whether the distribution, quantity, and maturity of TLS can be effective indicators for predicting the clinical efficacy of anti-PD1 immunotherapy in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods Fifty-seven patients who underwent surgical resection and thirty-nine patients who received anti-PD-1 immunotherapy were enrolled in this retrospective study. Immunohistochemical staining and multiple fluorescence immunohistochemistry were used to evaluate the mismatch repair (MMR) subtypes and TLS distribution, quantity, and maturity, respectively. Results A comprehensive patient score system was built based on TLS quantity and maturity. We found that the proportion of patients with score >1 was much higher in the deficient mismatch repair(dMMR) group than in the proficient mismatch repair(pMMR) group, and this difference was mainly due to intratumoral TLS. Patient score, based on the TLS evaluation of whole tumor, peritumor, or intratumor, was used to evaluate the efficacy of anti-PD1 immunotherapy. Based only on the intratumor TLS evaluation, the proportion of patients with a score >1 was higher in the response (PR + CR) group than in the non-response (PD) group. Multivariate analysis revealed that patient scores were positively correlated with the clinical efficacy of immunotherapy. Further analysis of immune-related progression-free survival was performed in patients with CRC who received anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. Patients with score >1 based on the intratumor TLS evaluation had significantly better survival. Conclusions These results suggest that the patient score based on intratumor TLS evaluation may be a good immune predictive indicator for PD-1 antibody therapy in patients with CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huijing Feng
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Siyuan Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiuru Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei Han
- Department of head and neck surgery, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Gang Du
- Department of Pathology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Lin Wang
- General Surgery Department, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xuena Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiying Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenwen Yu
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Feng Wei
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin, China
| | - Xishan Hao
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiubao Ren
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin, China
- Department of Biotherapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hua Zhao
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yang Y, Li J, Li D, Zhou W, Yan F, Wang W. Humanized mouse models: A valuable platform for preclinical evaluation of human cancer. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024; 121:835-852. [PMID: 38151887 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Animal models are routinely employed to assess the treatments for human cancer. However, due to significant differences in genetic backgrounds, traditional animal models are unable to meet bioresearch needs. To overcome this restriction, researchers have generated and optimized immunodeficient mice, and then engrafted human genes, cells, tissues, or organs in mice so that the responses in the model mice could provide a more reliable reference for treatments. As a bridge connecting clinical application and basic research, humanized mice are increasingly used in the preclinical evaluation of cancer treatments, particularly after gene interleukin 2 receptor gamma mutant mice were generated. Human cancer models established in humanized mice support exploration of the mechanism of cancer occurrence and provide an efficient platform for drug screening. However, it is undeniable that the further application of humanized mice still faces multiple challenges. This review summarizes the construction approaches for humanized mice and their existing limitations. We also report the latest applications of humanized mice in preclinical evaluation for the treatment of cancer and point out directions for future optimization of these models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuening Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weilin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Feiyang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Nakayama Y, Ando T, Takahashi N, Tsukada K, Takagi H, Goto Y, Nakaya A, Nakada N, Yoshita H, Motoo I, Ueda A, Ueda Y, Sakumura M, Kajiura S, Ogawa K, Hosokawa A, Yasuda I. The Efficacy and Safety of Nivolumab Plus mFOLFOX6 in Gastric Cancer with Severe Peritoneal Metastasis. J Clin Med 2024; 13:834. [PMID: 38337528 PMCID: PMC10856034 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13030834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Nivolumab plus chemotherapy is established as a first-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer (AGC). While mFOLFOX6 is commonly used for AGC with severe peritoneal metastasis, the efficacy of nivolumab combined with it remains uncertain. We evaluated the outcomes of nivolumab plus mFOLFOX6 for AGC with severe peritoneal metastasis in clinical practice. (2) Methods: This multicenter retrospective study was conducted between December 2021 and June 2023. We investigated AGC patients with massive ascites or inadequate oral intake due to severe peritoneal metastasis and who received nivolumab plus mFOLFOX6. (3) Results: Among 106 patients treated with nivolumab plus chemotherapy, 21 (19.8%) had severe peritoneal metastasis, with 14 receiving nivolumab plus mFOLFOX6. The median progression-free survival was 7.4 months (95%CI 1.9-10.1), and the median overall survival was 10.7 months (95%CI 5.3-NA), with four patients (28.5%) surviving more than 12 months. Improved ascites and oral intake were observed in 6/14 patients (42.8%) and 10/11 patients (90.9%), respectively. The major grade 3 or more adverse events included leukopenia (28.5%) and neutropenia (21.4%), with no severe immune-related adverse events reported. (4) Conclusions: The safety and moderate efficacy of nivolumab plus mFOLFOX6 were suggested even in AGC patients with severe peritoneal metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yurika Nakayama
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; (Y.N.); (I.M.); (A.U.); (Y.U.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (I.Y.)
| | - Takayuki Ando
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; (Y.N.); (I.M.); (A.U.); (Y.U.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (I.Y.)
| | - Naoki Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kouseiren Takaoka Hospital, 5-10 Eirakumachi, Takaoka-shi 933-8555, Japan; (N.T.); (K.T.)
| | - Kenichiro Tsukada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kouseiren Takaoka Hospital, 5-10 Eirakumachi, Takaoka-shi 933-8555, Japan; (N.T.); (K.T.)
| | - Hiroaki Takagi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital, 2-2-78 Nishinagae, Toyama-shi 930-8550, Japan; (H.T.); (K.O.)
| | - Yuno Goto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Takaoka City Hospital, 4-1 Takaramachi, Takaoka-shi 933-8550, Japan; (Y.G.); (A.N.)
| | - Atsuko Nakaya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Takaoka City Hospital, 4-1 Takaramachi, Takaoka-shi 933-8550, Japan; (Y.G.); (A.N.)
| | - Naokatsu Nakada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Itoigawa General Hospital, 457-1 Takegahana, Itoigawa-shi 941-8502, Japan;
| | - Hiroki Yoshita
- Department of Gastroenterology, Toyama Nishi General Hospital, 1019 Fuchumachi Shimokutsuwada, Toyama-shi 939-2716, Japan;
| | - Iori Motoo
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; (Y.N.); (I.M.); (A.U.); (Y.U.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (I.Y.)
| | - Akira Ueda
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; (Y.N.); (I.M.); (A.U.); (Y.U.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (I.Y.)
| | - Yuko Ueda
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; (Y.N.); (I.M.); (A.U.); (Y.U.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (I.Y.)
| | - Miho Sakumura
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; (Y.N.); (I.M.); (A.U.); (Y.U.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (I.Y.)
| | - Shinya Kajiura
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; (Y.N.); (I.M.); (A.U.); (Y.U.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (I.Y.)
| | - Kohei Ogawa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital, 2-2-78 Nishinagae, Toyama-shi 930-8550, Japan; (H.T.); (K.O.)
| | - Ayumu Hosokawa
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Miyazaki Hospital, Kihara-5200 Kiyotakecho, Miyazaki-shi 889-1692, Japan;
| | - Ichiro Yasuda
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; (Y.N.); (I.M.); (A.U.); (Y.U.); (M.S.); (S.K.); (I.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Rassomakhina NV, Ryazanova AY, Likhov AR, Bruskin SA, Maloshenok LG, Zherdeva VV. Tumor Organoids: The Era of Personalized Medicine. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2024; 89:S127-S147. [PMID: 38621748 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297924140086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The strategies of future medicine are aimed to modernize and integrate quality approaches including early molecular-genetic profiling, identification of new therapeutic targets and adapting design for clinical trials, personalized drug screening (PDS) to help predict and individualize patient treatment regimens. In the past decade, organoid models have emerged as an innovative in vitro platform with the potential to realize the concept of patient-centered medicine. Organoids are spatially restricted three-dimensional clusters of cells ex vivo that self-organize into complex functional structures through genetically programmed determination, which is crucial for reconstructing the architecture of the primary tissue and organs. Currently, there are several strategies to create three-dimensional (3D) tumor systems using (i) surgically resected patient tissue (PDTOs, patient-derived tumor organoids) or (ii) single tumor cells circulating in the patient's blood. Successful application of 3D tumor models obtained by co-culturing autologous tumor organoids (PDTOs) and peripheral blood lymphocytes have been demonstrated in a number of studies. Such models simulate a 3D tumor architecture in vivo and contain all cell types characteristic of this tissue, including immune system cells and stem cells. Components of the tumor microenvironment, such as fibroblasts and immune system cells, affect tumor growth and its drug resistance. In this review, we analyzed the evolution of tumor models from two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures and laboratory animals to 3D tissue-specific tumor organoids, their significance in identifying mechanisms of antitumor response and drug resistance, and use of these models in drug screening and development of precision methods in cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia V Rassomakhina
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - Alexandra Yu Ryazanova
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - Astemir R Likhov
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - Sergey A Bruskin
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Liliya G Maloshenok
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Victoria V Zherdeva
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
You X, Koop K, Weigert A. Heterogeneity of tertiary lymphoid structures in cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1286850. [PMID: 38111571 PMCID: PMC10725932 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1286850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The success of immunotherapy approaches, such as immune checkpoint blockade and cellular immunotherapy with genetically modified lymphocytes, has firmly embedded the immune system in the roadmap for combating cancer. Unfortunately, the majority of cancer patients do not yet benefit from these therapeutic approaches, even when the prognostic relevance of the immune response in their tumor entity has been demonstrated. Therefore, there is a justified need to explore new strategies for inducing anti-tumor immunity. The recent connection between the formation of ectopic lymphoid aggregates at tumor sites and patient prognosis, along with an effective anti-tumor response, suggests that manipulating the occurrence of these tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) may play a critical role in activating the immune system against a growing tumor. However, mechanisms governing TLS formation and a clear understanding of their substantial heterogeneity are still lacking. Here, we briefly summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the mechanisms driving TLS development, outline the impact of TLS heterogeneity on clinical outcomes in cancer patients, and discuss appropriate systems for modeling TLS heterogeneity that may help identify new strategies for inducing protective TLS formation in cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin You
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Kristina Koop
- First Department of Medicine, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Frankfurt, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), Frankfurt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Nikdouz A, Orso F. Emerging roles of 3D-culture systems in tackling tumor drug resistance. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2023; 6:788-804. [PMID: 38263982 PMCID: PMC10804388 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2023.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Drug resistance that affects patients universally is a major challenge in cancer therapy. The development of drug resistance in cancer cells is a multifactor event, and its process involves numerous mechanisms that allow these cells to evade the effect of treatments. As a result, the need to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying cancer drug sensitivity is imperative. Traditional 2D cell culture systems have been utilized to study drug resistance, but they often fail to mimic the 3D milieu and the architecture of real tissues and cell-cell interactions. As a result of this, 3D cell culture systems are now considered a comprehensive model to study drug resistance in vitro. Cancer cells exhibit an in vivo behavior when grown in a three-dimensional environment and react to therapy more physiologically. In this review, we discuss the relevance of main 3D culture systems in the study of potential approaches to overcome drug resistance and in the identification of personalized drug targets with the aim of developing patient-specific treatment strategies that can be put in place when resistance emerges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Orso
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara 28100, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Vaccaro A, van de Walle T, Ramachandran M, Essand M, Dimberg A. Of mice and lymphoid aggregates: modeling tertiary lymphoid structures in cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1275378. [PMID: 37954592 PMCID: PMC10639130 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1275378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are lymph node-like aggregates that can form in association with chronic inflammation or cancer. Mature TLS are organized into B and T cell zones, and are not encapsulated but include all cell types necessary for eliciting an adaptive immune response. TLS have been observed in various cancer types and are generally associated with a positive prognosis as well as increased sensitivity to cancer immunotherapy. However, a comprehensive understanding of the roles of TLS in eliciting anti-tumor immunity as well as the mechanisms involved in their formation and function is still lacking. Further studies in orthotopic, immunocompetent cancer models are necessary to evaluate the influence of TLS on cancer therapies, and to develop new treatments that promote their formation in cancer. Here, we review key insights obtained from functional murine studies, discuss appropriate models that can be used to study cancer-associated TLS, and suggest guidelines on how to identify TLS and distinguish them from other antigen-presenting niches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Vaccaro
- *Correspondence: Alessandra Vaccaro, ; Tiarne van de Walle, ; Anna Dimberg,
| | | | | | | | - Anna Dimberg
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, The Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Bhamidipati D, Subbiah V. Tumor-agnostic drug development in dMMR/MSI-H solid tumors. Trends Cancer 2023; 9:828-839. [PMID: 37517955 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) or microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) represents a distinct phenotype among solid tumors characterized by frequent frameshift mutations resulting in the generation of neoantigens that are highly immunogenic. Seminal studies identified that dMMR/MSI-H tumors are exquisitely sensitive to immune checkpoint inhibitors, which has dramatically improved outcomes for patients harboring dMMR/MSI-H tumors. Nevertheless, many patients develop resistance to single-agent immune checkpoint blockade, prompting the need for improved therapeutic options for this patient population. In this review, we highlight key studies examining the efficacy of PD1 inhibitors in the metastatic and neoadjuvant setting for patients with dMMR/MSI-H tumors, describe resistance mechanisms to immune checkpoint blockade, and discuss novel treatment approaches that are currently under investigation for dMMR/MSI-H tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Bhamidipati
- Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vivek Subbiah
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Lv Q, Wang Y, Xiong Z, Xue Y, Li J, Chen M, Zhou K, Xu H, Zhang X, Liu J, Ren J, Liu B. Microvascularized tumor assembloids model for drug delivery evaluation in colorectal cancer-derived peritoneal metastasis. Acta Biomater 2023; 168:346-360. [PMID: 37393969 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Peritoneal metastasis (PM) is a fatal state of colorectal cancer, and only a few patients may benefit from systemic chemotherapy. Although hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) brings hope for affected patients, the drug development and preclinical evaluation of HIPEC are seriously lagging behind, mainly due to the lack of an ideal in vitro PM model that makes drug development over-reliant on expensive and inefficient animal experiments. This study developed an in vitro colorectal cancer PM model [microvascularized tumor assembloids (vTA)] based on an assembly strategy of endothelialized microvessels and tumor spheroids. Our data showed that the in vitro perfusion cultured vTA could maintain a similar gene expression pattern to their parental xenografts. Also, the drug penetration pattern of the in vitro HIPEC in vTA could mimic the drug delivery behavior in tumor nodules during in vivo HIPEC. More importantly, we further confirmed the feasibility of constructing a tumor burden-controlled PM animal model using vTA. In conclusion, we propose a simple and effective strategy to construct physiologically simulated PM models in vitro, thus providing a basis for PM-related drug development and preclinical evaluation of locoregional therapies. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This study developed an in vitro colorectal cancer peritoneal metastasis (PM) model based on microvascularized tumor assembloids (vTA) for drug evaluation. With perfusion culture, vTA could maintain a similar gene expression pattern and tumor heterogeneity to their parental xenografts. And the drug penetration pattern in vTA was similar to the drug delivery behavior in tumor nodules under in vivo treatment. Moreover, vTA was more conducive to construct PM animal models with controllable tumor burden. In conclusion, the construction of vTA could provide a new strategy for the PM-related drug development and preclinical evaluation of locoregional therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qijun Lv
- Department of General Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China; Department of Ultrasound Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China
| | - Yizhen Wang
- Department of General Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Zhiyong Xiong
- Department of General Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Yifan Xue
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Jiajun Li
- Department of General Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Moyang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Kaijian Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Hetao Xu
- Department of General Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Xiaoge Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
| | - Jie Ren
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of General Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Chen A, Neuwirth I, Herndler-Brandstetter D. Modeling the Tumor Microenvironment and Cancer Immunotherapy in Next-Generation Humanized Mice. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2989. [PMID: 37296949 PMCID: PMC10251926 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15112989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has brought significant clinical benefits to numerous patients with malignant disease. However, only a fraction of patients experiences complete and durable responses to currently available immunotherapies. This highlights the need for more effective immunotherapies, combination treatments and predictive biomarkers. The molecular properties of a tumor, intratumor heterogeneity and the tumor immune microenvironment decisively shape tumor evolution, metastasis and therapy resistance and are therefore key targets for precision cancer medicine. Humanized mice that support the engraftment of patient-derived tumors and recapitulate the human tumor immune microenvironment of patients represent a promising preclinical model to address fundamental questions in precision immuno-oncology and cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we provide an overview of next-generation humanized mouse models suitable for the establishment and study of patient-derived tumors. Furthermore, we discuss the opportunities and challenges of modeling the tumor immune microenvironment and testing a variety of immunotherapeutic approaches using human immune system mouse models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dietmar Herndler-Brandstetter
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna and Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.C.); (I.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhang W, Zheng X. Patient-derived xenografts or organoids in the discovery of traditional and self-assembled drug for tumor immunotherapy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1122322. [PMID: 37081982 PMCID: PMC10110942 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1122322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to the rapid development of immune checkpoint inhibitors, there has also been a surge in the development of self-assembly immunotherapy drugs. Based on the immune target, traditional tumor immunotherapy drugs are classified into five categories, namely immune checkpoint inhibitors, direct immune modulators, adoptive cell therapy, oncolytic viruses, and cancer vaccines. Additionally, the emergence of self-assembled drugs with improved precision and environmental sensitivity offers a promising innovation approach to tumor immunotherapy. Despite rapid advances in tumor immunotherapy drug development, all candidate drugs require preclinical evaluation for safety and efficacy, and conventional evaluations are primarily conducted using two-dimensional cell lines and animal models, an approach that may be unsuitable for immunotherapy drugs. The patient-derived xenograft and organoids models, however, maintain the heterogeneity and immunity of the pathological tumor heterogeneity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Talent Highland, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Zheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoqiang Zheng,
| |
Collapse
|