Association of interleukin-10 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms with rheumatoid arthritis in a Chinese population

The regulatory activities of MALAT1 in the development of bone and cartilage diseases

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been comprehensively implicated in various cellular functions by mediating transcriptional or post-transcriptional activities. MALAT1 is involved in the differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis of multiple cell lines, including BMSCs, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and chondrocytes. Interestingly, MALAT1 may interact with RNAs or proteins, regulating cellular processes. Recently, MALAT1 has been reported to be associated with the development of bone and cartilage diseases by orchestrating the signaling network. The involvement of MALAT1 in the pathological development of bone and cartilage diseases makes it available to be a potential biomarker for clinical diagnosis or prognosis. Although the potential mechanisms of MALAT1 in mediating the cellular processes of bone and cartilage diseases are still needed for further elucidation, MALAT1 shows great promise for drug development.

Vitamin D Metabolic Pathway Genes Polymorphisms and Their Methylation Levels in Association With Rheumatoid Arthritis

Abnormal vitamin D metabolism is involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study, we evaluated the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and methylation levels in vitamin D metabolic pathway genes with RA susceptibility. Ten SNPs in vitamin D metabolic pathway genes (CYP2R1, CYP24A1, VDR, CYP27B1) were genotyped in 477 RA patients and 496 controls by improved multiple ligase detection reaction (iMLDR). The methylation levels of the promoter regions of these genes were detected in 122 RA patients and 123 controls using Illumina Hiseq platform. We found that the CYP2R1 rs1993116 GA genotype, CYP27B1 rs4646536 GA genotype, rs4646536 A allele frequencies were significantly increased in RA patients when compared to controls. The decreased risk of rs1993116, rs4646536 was found under the dominant mode in RA patients. However, no significant association was found between CYP2R1 rs7936142, rs12794714, CYP24A1 rs2762934, rs6068816, rs2296239, rs2296241, VDR rs11574129, rs3847987 polymorphism, and RA susceptibility. The VDR, CYP27B1 methylation levels in RA patients were significantly lower than those in controls, while CYP2R1, CYP24A1 methylation levels were not associated with RA. There were no statistical associations between CYP2R1, CYP24A1, VDR, CYP27B1 methylation levels and their respective genotype in RA patients. In addition, plasma 25OHD level in RA patients was significantly lower than that in healthy controls. In summary, our results showed that CYP2R1, CYP27B1 genetic variations were associated with the genetic background of RA, while altered VDR, CYP27B1 methylation levels were related to the risk of RA.

Impact of IL-10 Promoter Polymorphisms and IL-10 Serum Levels on Advanced Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Survival Rate

BACKGROUND/AIM

Prognosis of advanced stages of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) remains poor. To clarify therapeutic targets and improve survival rate, identification of new specific and prognostic biomarkers of LSCC is required. The study aimed to evaluate the impact of IL-10:rs1800871, rs1800872, rs1800896 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and IL-10 serum levels on LSCC development and determine associations of selected SNPs with patient survival rate.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

A total of 300 LSCC patients and 533 controls were included in the study. Genotyping was carried out using RT-PCR; IL-10 serum levels were analyzed by ELISA.

RESULTS

Significant associations were identified between IL-10 rs1800871 variants and advanced stage of LSCC patient group in the codominant, recessive and additive models (OR=0.473, p=0.027; OR=0.510, p=0.040; and OR=0.733; p=0.037). Significant variants of IL-10 rs1800872 were determined in the codominant, recessive and additive models (OR=0.473, p=0.027; OR=0.510, p=0.040; and OR=0.733, p=0.037). The distribution of IL-10 SNPs genotypes did not impact LSCC patient survival rate (respectively, p=0.952; p=0.952; p=0.991).

CONCLUSION

IL-10:rs1800871 and rs1800872 SNPs are associated with advanced stage of LSCC. The genotypic distribution of IL-10 SNPs does not influence the survival rate of LSCC patients.

Lymphoma in the setting of autoimmune diseases: A review of association and mechanisms

Autoimmune disorders are a spectrum of diseases caused by impaired self-tolerance of the immune system. Previous studies underscored the association between autoimmune disorders and lymphomas. However, only a few papers studied the exact mechanisms of this association. The effect of IL-2, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α, contribution of NOTCH, FAS and MHC receptor families, the interplay of various immune cells, and the relation of immunosuppressive agents and development of autoimmune disorders are the proposed mechanisms for this association. Each individual autoimmune disorder associates with particular types of lymphomas and their common pathways are not necessarily similar to other pairs of autoimmune disorder-lymphomas. Thus, the lymphomas susceptibility in various autoimmune disorders could not be investigated through a single pathway. In this review, we demonstrate the association between each pair of autoimmune disorder-lymphoma and the underlying pathways. By clarifying these associations, follow-up plans could be made leading to early diagnosis of lymphomas.

Decreased H19, GAS5, and linc0597 Expression and Association Analysis of Related Gene Polymorphisms in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) widely participate in human diseases by regulating gene transcription, modulating protein function, or acting as ceRNAs. Yet, their roles in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remain obscure. In this study, the expression of three lncRNAs (H19, GAS5, and linc0597) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were detected in 77 RA patients and 78 controls using quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The association of lncRNAs related gene polymorphisms with RA were evaluated in 828 RA patients and 780 controls using TaqMan single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping assays. We observed that the expression levels of H19, GAS5 and linc0597 were down-regulated in PBMCs of RA patients, of which GAS5 level decreased in patients with hypocomplementemia, and negatively correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP) level in RA patients. Moreover, we highlighted two related potential functional SNPs, GAS5 rs6790 and linc0597 rs2680700 for associations with RA susceptibility. The precise roles of these lncRNAs in mechanism of RA remain to be further explored.

Long Non-coding RNAs Genes Polymorphisms and Their Expression Levels in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly recognized to play important roles in multiple autoimmune diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the association of four lncRNAs (ANRIL, lnc-DC, MALAT1, ZFAS1) genes single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, as well as their expression levels. Seventeen SNPs of the four lncRNAs were genotyped in a cohort of 660 RA patients and 710 controls using improved multiple ligase detection reaction (iMLDR). The lncRNAs expressions in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 120 RA patients and 120 controls were detected by qRT-PCR. No significant differences were found for the allele and genotype frequencies distribution of ANRIL SNPs (rs1412830, rs944796, rs61271866, rs2518723, rs3217992), lnc-DC SNPs (rs7217280, rs10515177), MALAT1 SNPs (rs619586, rs4102217, rs591291, rs11227209, rs35138901), ZFAS1 SNPs (rs237742, rs73116127, rs6125607, rs6125608) between RA patients and normal controls (all P > 0.05). The genotype effects of dominant and recessive models were also evaluated, but no significant association was found. In addition, our results demonstrated that the rs944796 G allele, rs2518723 T allele, rs3217992 T allele frequencies were significantly associated with anti-CCP in RA patients (all P < 0.05). The haplotype CGTA frequency for ZFAS1 was significantly higher in RA patients (P = 0.036). Compared with normal controls, the expression levels of ANRIL, lnc-DC, MALAT1, ZFAS1 in PBMCs were significantly reduced in RA patients (all P < 0.001). Moreover, ZFAS1 expression was negatively associated with CRP in RA patients (P = 0.002). In summary, ANRIL, lnc-DC, MALAT1, and ZFAS1 genes SNPs were not associated with RA susceptibility, while altered ANRIL, lnc-DC, MALAT1, ZFAS1 levels in RA patients suggested that these lncRNAs might play a role in RA.

Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in resistin gene with rheumatoid arthritis in a Chinese population

BACKGROUND

Recent evidences have revealed that resistin is associated with the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this study was to analyze the association of resistin gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with RA susceptibility.

METHODS

In this study, we finally analyzed three resistin SNPs (rs1862513, rs3745368, and rs3745367) in 278 RA patients and 276 normal controls recruited from Chinese population using TaqMan SNP genotyping assays.

RESULTS

There were no significant differences for the distribution of allele and genotype frequencies of these three SNPs between RA patients and normal controls (all P > .05). The genotype effects of dominant, recessive models were also analyzed, and no significant association was detected (all P > .05). Haplotype analysis suggested that the frequency of haplotype GAA was notably lower in RA patients in comparison with normal controls (OR = 0.317, 95% CI: 0.125-0.807, P = .011).

CONCLUSION

In a ward, our results indicated that resistin gene polymorphisms might affect the genetic predisposition of RA in Chinese population.