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Palici C, Vreju AF, Biţă CE, Dinescu ȘC, Florescu A, Muşetescu AE, Barbulescu AL, Ciurea PL. Capillaroscopic Insights: Exploring the Connection Between Microvascular Changes and Pulmonary Manifestations in Systemic Sclerosis. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE = REVUE ROUMAINE DE MEDECINE INTERNE 2024:rjim-2024-0030. [PMID: 39446609 DOI: 10.2478/rjim-2024-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a complex connective tissue disease characterized by microangiopathy, immune dysregulation, and fibrosis. Early detection of microvascular abnormalities using nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) is crucial in assessing disease progression and associated disease's involvement such as interstitial lung disease (ILD) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the relationships correlation between NVC patterns, clinical manifestations, and systemic complications in SSc. METHODS We analyzed the data of 63 patients, predominantly female (95%), with a mean age of 49 years and an average disease duration of 42 months. Patients were categorized into early, active, and late patterns based on NVC findings. Clinical features, including digital ulcers (DU), ILD, and PAH, were assessed. Pearson correlation analyses were performed to evaluate the relationships between capillary loss, neoangiogenesis, ILD, and PAH. RESULTS The early pattern group (mean mRSS 2.36) exhibited minimal microvascular damage and systemic involvement, with no DUs. In the active pattern group (mean mRSS 10.40), 34.38% had diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc), with 15.63% presenting DUs, 65.63% ILD, and 37.5% PAH. The late pattern group (mean mRSS 18.00) showed the most severe disease, with 80% having DUs, 70% dcSSc, 90% ILD, and 70% PAH. Pearson correlation analyses revealed strong correlations between capillary loss and ILD (r = 0.7255) and PAH (r = 0.6369). A moderate correlation was found between neoangiogenesis and PAH (r = 0.5592). CONCLUSION The study demonstrates that progressive microvascular damage in SSc, as visualized by NVC, correlates strongly with the severity of systemic complications. Early detection of capillary loss and neoangiogenesis using NVC is critical for timely interventions, which could improve patient outcomes by mitigating the progression of ILD and PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camelia Palici
- 1Doctoral School of the University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2-4 Petru Rareș Street, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Ananu Florentin Vreju
- 2Department of Rheumatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2-4 Petru Rareș Street, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Cristina Elena Biţă
- 2Department of Rheumatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2-4 Petru Rareș Street, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Ștefan Cristian Dinescu
- 2Department of Rheumatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2-4 Petru Rareș Street, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Alesandra Florescu
- 2Department of Rheumatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2-4 Petru Rareș Street, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Anca Emanuela Muşetescu
- 2Department of Rheumatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2-4 Petru Rareș Street, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Andreea Lili Barbulescu
- 3Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Paulina Lucia Ciurea
- 2Department of Rheumatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2-4 Petru Rareș Street, 200349 Craiova, Romania
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Giucă A, Galloo X, Meucci MC, Butcher SC, Popescu BA, Jurcuț R, Săftoiu A, Jurcuț C, Groșeanu L, Mușetescu AE, Ahmed S, De Vries-Bouwstra J, Bax JJ, Ajmone Marsan N. Association between Left Atrial Function and Survival in Systemic Sclerosis. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2024; 11:310. [PMID: 39452281 PMCID: PMC11508788 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd11100310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2024] [Revised: 09/26/2024] [Accepted: 10/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a multisystemic autoimmune disorder in which cardiac involvement is frequent and portends negative prognosis. Left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction is one of the most common cardiac alterations in these patients, and left atrial (LA) reservoir strain (ƐR) measurement using speckle tracking echocardiography has been proposed as a novel parameter for a better assessment of LV diastolic function. Therefore, the aim of this study was to test the prognostic value of ƐR in a large multicenter cohort of SSc patients. In total, 311 SSc patients (54 ± 14 years, 85% female) were included from two different centers. Echocardiography was performed at the time of first visit, including ƐR measurement. Over a median follow-up of 132 (interquartile range: 110 to 157) months, 67 (21.5%) patients experienced the outcome of all-cause mortality. Spline curve analysis identified an optimal cut-off value of 30% for ƐR, and patients with ƐR ≤ 30% showed a 10-year cumulative survival rate of 71% as compared to 88% for patients with ƐR > 30% (log-rank p < 0.001). At the multivariable Cox regression analysis, ƐR was independently associated with the endpoint (HR 1.830; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.031-3.246; p = 0.039) together with age (HR 1.071, 95% CI 1.043 to 1.099; p < 0.001), sex (female) (HR 0.444, 95% CI 0.229 to 0.861; p = 0.016), and diffusing lung capacity for carbon monoxide (HR 0.969 95% CI 0.956 to 0.982; p < 0.001). ƐR is of independent prognostic value in SSc and might help optimizing risk stratification in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Giucă
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (A.G.); (X.G.); (M.C.M.); (S.C.B.); (J.J.B.)
- “Prof. Dr. C.C. Iliescu” Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fundeni Street 258, 022328 Bucharest, Romania; (B.A.P.); (R.J.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Craiova University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Petru Rares 2, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Xavier Galloo
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (A.G.); (X.G.); (M.C.M.); (S.C.B.); (J.J.B.)
- Department of Cardiology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Avenue du Laerbeek 101, 1090 Jette, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maria Chiara Meucci
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (A.G.); (X.G.); (M.C.M.); (S.C.B.); (J.J.B.)
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Via Giuseppe Moscati 31, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Steele C. Butcher
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (A.G.); (X.G.); (M.C.M.); (S.C.B.); (J.J.B.)
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, 197 Wellington Street, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
| | - Bogdan Alexandru Popescu
- “Prof. Dr. C.C. Iliescu” Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fundeni Street 258, 022328 Bucharest, Romania; (B.A.P.); (R.J.)
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eroii Sanitari Bvd no. 8, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (A.S.); (L.G.)
| | - Ruxandra Jurcuț
- “Prof. Dr. C.C. Iliescu” Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fundeni Street 258, 022328 Bucharest, Romania; (B.A.P.); (R.J.)
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eroii Sanitari Bvd no. 8, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (A.S.); (L.G.)
| | - Adrian Săftoiu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eroii Sanitari Bvd no. 8, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (A.S.); (L.G.)
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Elias University Emergency Hospital, Marasti Bvd 17, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ciprian Jurcuț
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency University Hospital, Calea Plevnei 134, 010825 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Laura Groșeanu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eroii Sanitari Bvd no. 8, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (A.S.); (L.G.)
- Department of Rheumatology, “Sf. Maria” Clinical Hospital, Ion Mihalache Bvd 37–39, 011172 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Emanuela Mușetescu
- Department of Rheumatology, Craiova University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Petru Rares 2, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Saad Ahmed
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (S.A.); (J.D.V.-B.)
| | - Jeska De Vries-Bouwstra
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (S.A.); (J.D.V.-B.)
| | - Jeroen J. Bax
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (A.G.); (X.G.); (M.C.M.); (S.C.B.); (J.J.B.)
| | - Nina Ajmone Marsan
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (A.G.); (X.G.); (M.C.M.); (S.C.B.); (J.J.B.)
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Ciaffi J, Liem SIE, Cannegieter SC, Ahmed S, Hoekstra E, Huizinga T, De Vries-Bouwstra J. Does a history of smoking increase the risk of developing systemic sclerosis? Insights from the Leiden Combined Care in Systemic Sclerosis cohort. Rheumatol Adv Pract 2024; 8:rkae055. [PMID: 38736463 PMCID: PMC11082458 DOI: 10.1093/rap/rkae055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Ciaffi
- Medicine and Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
- Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna, DIBINEM, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sophie I E Liem
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne C Cannegieter
- Department of Medicine – Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Saad Ahmed
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Eva Hoekstra
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Huizinga
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Gegenava T, Fortuni F, van Leeuwen NM, Tennoe AH, Hoffmann-Vold AM, Jurcut R, Giuca A, Groseanu L, Tanner F, Distler O, Bax JJ, De Vries-Bouwstra J, Ajmone Marsan N. Sex-specific difference in cardiac function in patients with systemic sclerosis: association with cardiovascular outcomes. RMD Open 2023; 9:e003380. [PMID: 37949614 PMCID: PMC10649811 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2023-003380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular involvement is one of the leading causes of mortality in systemic sclerosis (SSc) and is reported to be higher in men as compared with women. However, the cause of this difference is largely unknown. The objective of this study was to assess sex differences in echocardiographic characteristics, including left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LV GLS), as a potential explanation of sex differences in outcomes. METHODS A total of 746 patients with SSc from four centres, including 628 (84%, 54±13 years) women and 118 (16%, 55±15 years) men, were evaluated with standard and advanced echocardiographic examinations. The independent association of the echocardiographic parameters with the combined endpoint of cardiovascular events-hospitalisation/death was evaluated. RESULTS Men and women with SSc showed significant differences in disease characteristics and cardiac function. After adjusting for the most important clinical characteristics, while LV ejection fraction and diastolic function were not significantly different anymore, men still presented with more impaired LV GLS as compared with women (-19% (IQR -20% to -17%) vs -21% (IQR: -22% to -19%), p<0.001). After a median follow-up of 48 months (IQR: 26-80), the combined endpoint occurred in 182 patients. Men with SSc experienced higher cumulative rates of cardiovascular events-hospitalisation/mortality (χ2=8.648; Log-rank=0.003), and sex differences were maintained after adjusting for clinical confounders, but neutralised when matching the groups for LV GLS. CONCLUSION In patients with SSc, male sex is associated with worse cardiovascular outcomes even after adjusting for important clinical characteristics. LV GLS was more impaired in men as compared with women and potentially explains the sex difference in cardiovascular outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tea Gegenava
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Internal Medicine, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Federico Fortuni
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Ospedale Nuovo San Giovanni Battista, Foligno, Umbria, Italy
| | | | - Anders H Tennoe
- Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Ruxandra Jurcut
- Department of Cardiology, Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases Prof C C Iliescu, Bucuresti, Romania
| | - Adrian Giuca
- Department of Cardiology, Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases Prof C C Iliescu, Bucuresti, Romania
| | - Laura Groseanu
- Department of Internal Medicine Rheumatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", Bucharest, Romania
- Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Santa Maria Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Felix Tanner
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Distler
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jeroen J Bax
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Turku University Finland, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Nina Ajmone Marsan
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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5
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Liem SIE, Bergstra SA, Ciaffi J, van der Meulen C, Ueckert DA, Schriemer MR, Huizinga TWJ, Vliet Vlieland TPM, de Vries-Bouwstra JK. The long-term course of the Health Assessment Questionnaire in patients with systemic sclerosis. JOURNAL OF SCLERODERMA AND RELATED DISORDERS 2023; 8:192-202. [PMID: 37744048 PMCID: PMC10515995 DOI: 10.1177/23971983231181719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Objective The Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index is an important outcome measure reflecting functional disability, but knowledge on its course over time in patients with systemic sclerosis is scarce. Therefore, we investigated the long-term course of the Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index and its association with baseline characteristics in systemic sclerosis patients. Methods Systemic sclerosis patients, fulfilling the European League Against Rheumatism and the American College of Rheumatology 2013 criteria, were included from the Leiden Combined Care in Systemic Sclerosis cohort with annual assessments including the Scleroderma Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (range = 0-3). The course of the Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index was evaluated over the total follow-up (baseline to last available Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index) and between yearly visits. Based on a minimal clinical important difference of 0.22, courses were categorized into worsening, stable or improvement. The course of the Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index over time was evaluated with linear mixed models. Baseline characteristics were compared between patients with a worsening or improvement of the Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index over the total follow-up period with logistic regression analyses. Results A total of 517 systemic sclerosis patients were included, with a median follow-up of 7 years (interquartile range = 4-9; 2649 visits) and a baseline Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index of 0.625 (interquartile range = 0.125-1.25). On group level, the Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index is stable with an annual increase of 0.019 (95% confidence interval = 0.011 to 0.027). Looking at subgroups, patients >65 years or who died/were physically unable to come during follow-up had a worse mean Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index. In individual courses from baseline to the last follow-up, the proportions of patients with a clinically meaningful worsening, stable or improved Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index were 35%, 42% and 23%, respectively. Patients with immunosuppressants (odds ratio = 0.5, 95% confidence interval = 0.3 to 0.9) or gastrointestinal involvement (odds ratio = 0.6, 95% confidence interval = 0.4 to 0.9) at baseline showed a reduced chance of worsening of the Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index over the total follow-up period. Conclusion Over time, the average course of the Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index was stable in systemic sclerosis patients. However, individual courses vary, with worsening occurring in one-third. Worsening occurred less often in individuals using immunosuppressants or with gastrointestinal involvement at baseline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie IE Liem
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sytske Anne Bergstra
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jacopo Ciaffi
- Medicine and Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Coen van der Meulen
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - David A Ueckert
- Department of Physical Therapy, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marisca R Schriemer
- NVLE, Dutch Patient Organization for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tom WJ Huizinga
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Theodora PM Vliet Vlieland
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rehabilitation and Physical Therapy, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Wang X, Butcher SC, Myagmardorj R, Liem SIE, Delgado V, Bax JJ, De Vries-Bouwstra JK, Marsan NA. Epicardial adipose tissue in patients with systemic sclerosis. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. IMAGING METHODS AND PRACTICE 2023; 1:qyad037. [PMID: 39045073 PMCID: PMC11195713 DOI: 10.1093/ehjimp/qyad037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Aims Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) has emerged as a mediator between systemic inflammatory disorders and cardiovascular disease, and may therefore play a role in the pathophysiology of cardiac involvement in systemic sclerosis (SSc). The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between EAT and left ventricular (LV) function, and to determine the prognostic value of EAT in patients with SSc. Methods and results Consecutive patients with SSc who underwent non-contrast thorax computed tomography and echocardiography were included. EAT mass was quantified using dedicated software. The study endpoint was all-cause mortality. A total of 230 SSc patients (age 53 ± 15 years, 14% male) were included. The median value of EAT mass was 67 g (interquartile range: 45-101 g). Patients with increased EAT mass (≥67 g) showed more impaired LV diastolic function as compared with patients with less EAT mass (<67 g), and even after adjusting for age and comorbidities, EAT mass was independently associated with LV diastolic function parameters. During a median follow-up of 8 years, 42 deaths occurred. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients with increased EAT mass had higher all-cause mortality rate as compared with patients with less EAT mass (29% vs. 7%; P < 0.001). In the multivariable analysis, EAT was independently associated with all-cause mortality after adjusting for important covariates (HR: 1.006; 95% CI: 1.001-1.010). Conclusion In patients with SSc, EAT is independently associated with LV diastolic dysfunction and higher mortality rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, XCF3+6R6, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Steele C Butcher
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital, Victoria Square, Perth WA 6000, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rinchyenkhand Myagmardorj
- Department of Cardiology, Mongolia-Japan Teaching Hospital, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Botanic street, Ulaanbaatar 13270, Mongolia
| | - Sophie I E Liem
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Victoria Delgado
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
- Hospital University Germans Trias i Pujol, Fundació Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Carretera de Canyet, s/n, Badalona 08916, Spain
| | - Jeroen J Bax
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
- Heart Center, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, U-sairaala, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, Turku 20521, Finland
| | - Jeska K De Vries-Bouwstra
- Department of Cardiology, Mongolia-Japan Teaching Hospital, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Botanic street, Ulaanbaatar 13270, Mongolia
| | - Nina Ajmone Marsan
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
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Baron M, Barbacki A, Man A, de Vries-Bouwstra JK, Johnson D, Stevens W, Osman M, Wang M, Zhang Y, Sahhar J, Ngian GS, Proudman S, Nikpour M. Prediction of damage trajectories in systemic sclerosis using group-based trajectory modelling. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2023; 62:3059-3066. [PMID: 36625513 PMCID: PMC10473274 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kead002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Damage accrual in SSc can be tracked using the Scleroderma Clinical Trials Consortium Damage Index (DI). Our goal was to develop a prediction model for damage accrual in SSc patients with early disease. METHODS Using patients with <2 years disease duration from Canada and Australia as a derivation cohort, and from the Netherlands as a validation cohort, we used group-based trajectory modelling (GBTM) to determine 'good' and 'bad' latent damage trajectories. We developed a prediction model from this analysis and applied it to patients from derivation and validation cohorts. We plotted the actual DI trajectories of the patients predicted to be in 'good' or 'bad' groups. RESULTS We found that the actual trajectories of damage accumulation for lcSSc and dcSSc were very different, so we studied each subset separately. GBTM found two distinct trajectories in lcSSc and three in dcSSc. We collapsed the two worse trajectories in the dcSSc into one group and developed a prediction model for inclusion in either 'good' or 'bad' trajectories. The performance of models using only baseline DI and sex was excellent with ROC AUC of 0.9313 for lcSSc and 0.9027 for dcSSc. Using this model, we determined whether patients would fall into 'good' or 'bad' trajectory groups and then plotted their actual trajectories which showed clear differences between the predicted 'good' and 'bad' cases in both derivation and validation cohorts. CONCLUSIONS A simple model using only cutaneous subset, baseline DI and sex can predict damage accumulation in early SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murray Baron
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ariane Barbacki
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ada Man
- Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | - Dylan Johnson
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Wendy Stevens
- Division of Rheumatology, St. Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mohammed Osman
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mianbo Wang
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yuqing Zhang
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Susanna Proudman
- Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Mandana Nikpour
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- University of Melbourne at St-Vincent Hospital, Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
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Liem SIE, Hoekstra EM, Levarht EWN, Dorjee AL, Scherer HU, Toes REM, Huizinga TWJ, de Vries-Bouwstra JK, Fehres CM. Anti-carbamylated protein antibodies in systemic sclerosis. Arthritis Res Ther 2023; 25:123. [PMID: 37480150 PMCID: PMC10360323 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-023-03099-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the presence of different isotypes of anti-carbamylated protein (CarP) antibodies in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients and its association with skin involvement. METHODS Sera of 194 SSc patients from the Leiden CCISS cohort, fulfilling ACR/EULAR 2013 criteria and a clinical diagnosis of SSc, 83 patients with other connective tissue diseases/Raynaud's Phenomenon, 24 rheumatoid arthritis patients and 98 age and sex-matched healthy controls were tested for the presence of anti-CarP IgG, IgA and IgM, determined by ELISA. Clinical characteristics, that were evaluated in SSc patients, included age, anti-topoisomerase antibodies (ATA), anti-centromere antibodies (ACA) and modified Rodnan Skin Score (mRSS). RESULTS The SSc patients were 55 (SD:13) years and 155 (80%) were female. Forty-four (23%) patients tested positive for ATA, and 80 (42%) ACA. The median mRSS was 2 (range: 0; 47). Prevalence of anti-CarP IgG was higher in SSc patients than in healthy controls (8% vs 3%, p = 0.007. Prevalence of anti-CarP IgA and IgM and levels of anti-CarP isotypes were comparable between SSc patients and healthy controls. Fifteen (8%) SSc patients tested positive for anti-CarP IgG, 16 (8%) for anti-CarP IgA, and 36 (19%) for anti-CarP IgM. There were no significant correlations between age and levels of anti-CarP isotypes. No correlation between anti-CarP IgG levels and mRSS was found (r = 0.141, p = 0.049), nor for anti-CarP IgM and IgA levels. Anti-CarP IgA levels were higher in ATA compared to ACA positive SSc patients (ATA: 616 aU/ml [359; 1103]; ACA: 424 aU/ml [300; 673], p = 0.015). CONCLUSION SSc patients can test positive for Anti-CarP IgG, IgA and IgM. We do not observe a relevant clinical association between anti-CarP antibody response and skin involvement in SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie I E Liem
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - E M Hoekstra
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - E W Nivine Levarht
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Annemarie L Dorjee
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hans U Scherer
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - René E M Toes
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tom W J Huizinga
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jeska K de Vries-Bouwstra
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Cynthia M Fehres
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
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9
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Wortel CM, Liem SI, van Leeuwen NM, Boonstra M, Fehres CM, Stöger L, Huizinga TW, Toes RE, De Vries-Bouwstra J, Scherer HU. Anti-topoisomerase, but not anti-centromere B cell responses in systemic sclerosis display active, Ig-secreting cells associated with lung fibrosis. RMD Open 2023; 9:e003148. [PMID: 37507206 PMCID: PMC10387632 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2023-003148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Almost all patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) harbour autoantibodies. Anti-topoisomerase antibodies (ATA) and anti-centromere antibodies (ACA) are most prevalent and associate with distinct clinical phenotypes. B cell responses underlying these phenotypes are ill-defined. To understand how B cell autoreactivity and disease pathology connect, we determined phenotypic and functional characteristics of autoreactive B cells in ATA-positive and ACA-positive patients. METHODS Levels and isotypes of autoantibodies secreted by ex vivo cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with ATA-positive (n=22) and ACA-positive (n=20) SSc were determined. Antibody secreting cells (ASCs) were isolated by cell sorting and cultured separately. Correlations were studied between the degree of spontaneous autoantibody production and the presence and degree of interstitial lung disease (ILD). RESULTS Circulating B cells secreting either ATA-immunoglobulin G (IgG) or ACA-IgG on stimulation was readily detectable in patients. The ATA response, but not the ACA response, showed additional secretion of autoreactive IgA. ATA-IgG and ATA-IgA were also secreted spontaneously. Additional cell sorting confirmed the presence of ATA-secreting plasmablasts. The degree of spontaneous ATA-secretion was higher in patients with ILD than in those without (p<0.001) and correlated with the degree of pulmonary fibrosis (p<0.001). CONCLUSION In contrast to ACA-positive patients, ATA-positive patients show signs of recent activation of the B cell response that hallmarks this disease. The degree of activation correlates with the presence and severity of ILD, the most deleterious disease manifestation. This could explain differential responsiveness to B cell depleting therapy. The abundant and spontaneous secretion of ATA-IgG and ATA-IgA may point toward a continuously activating trigger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrie M Wortel
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sophie Ie Liem
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nina M van Leeuwen
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike Boonstra
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Cynthia M Fehres
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lauran Stöger
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Wj Huizinga
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - René Em Toes
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Hans U Scherer
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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10
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Liem SIE, Ciaffi J, van Leeuwen NM, Boonstra M, Ahmed S, Beaart-van de Voorde LJJ, Corsel A, Dhondai T, Ninaber MK, Geelhoed-Veltman JJM, Heuvers ME, Tushuizen ME, Ajmone Marsan N, Kiès P, Schouffoer AA, Huizinga TWJ, Allaart CF, De Vries-Bouwstra J. Step forward in early recognition of systemic sclerosis: data from the Leiden CCISS cohort. RMD Open 2023; 9:e002971. [PMID: 37028816 PMCID: PMC10083842 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2022-002971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since 2009, Dutch patients with a confirmed diagnosis/suspicion of systemic sclerosis (SSc) can be referred to the Leiden Combined Care in Systemic Sclerosis (CCISS) cohort. This study evaluated whether early recognition of SSc has improved over time and whether disease characteristics and survival has changed over time. METHODS 643 SSc patients fulfilling American College of Rheumatology/European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology 2013 SSc criteria were included and categorised into three groups based on cohort-entry year: (1) 2010-2013 (n=229 (36%)), (2) 2014-2017 (n=207 (32%)) and (3) 2018-2021 (n=207 (32%)). Variables including disease duration, interstitial lung disease (ILD), digital ulcers (DU), diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc), antitopoisomerase (ATA) and anticentromere (ACA) antibodies, and survival from disease onset were compared between cohort-entry groups, including analyses stratified for sex and autoantibodies. RESULTS Over time, duration between onset of disease symptoms and cohort entry decreased in males and females, but was always longer in females than in males.The proportion of patients presenting with DU decreased, especially in ACA+SSc patients. Almost no ACA+ patients presented with ILD, while in ATA+ patients this proportion was 25% in 2010-2013 and decreased to 19% in 2018-2021. A reduction in patients presenting with clinically meaningful ILD and dcSSc was observed.Overall 8-year survival for males was 59% (95% CI 40% to 73%) and for females 89% (95% CI 82% to 93%). Eight-year survival showed a trend for improvement over time, and was always worse in males. CONCLUSION We observed a decrease in disease duration in Leiden CCISS cohort at cohort entry, possibly indicating more timely diagnosis of SSc. This could provide opportunities for early interventions. While symptom duration at presentation is longer in females, mortality is consistently higher in males, underlining the urge for sex-specific treatment and follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie I E Liem
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jacopo Ciaffi
- Medicine & Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Maaike Boonstra
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Saad Ahmed
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Anja Corsel
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Talitha Dhondai
- Patient Advisory Board, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten K Ninaber
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marlies E Heuvers
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten E Tushuizen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nina Ajmone Marsan
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Philippine Kiès
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Tom W J Huizinga
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelia F Allaart
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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11
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Autoreactive B cell responses targeting nuclear antigens in systemic sclerosis: Implications for disease pathogenesis. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2023; 58:152136. [PMID: 36403538 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2022.152136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A hallmark of disease pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc) is the presence of autoreactive B cell responses targeting nuclear proteins. Almost all SSc-patients harbour circulating antinuclear autoantibodies of which anti-topoisomerase 1, anti-centromere protein, anti-RNA polymerase III and anti-fibrillarin autoantibodies (ATA, ACA, ARA and AFA, respectively) are the most common and specific for SSc. In clinical practice, autoantibodies serve as diagnostic biomarkers and can aid in the identification of clinical phenotypes of the disease. However, factors driving disease progression in SSc are still poorly understood, and it is difficult to predict disease trajectories in individual patients. Moreover, treatment decisions remain rather empirical, with variable response rates in clinical trials due to patient heterogeneity. Current evidence has indicated that certain patients may benefit from B cell targeting therapies. Hence, it is important to understand the contribution of the antinuclear autoantibodies and their underlying B cell response to the disease pathogenesis of SSc.
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12
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Liem SIE, Neppelenbroek S, Fehres CM, Wevers BA, Toes REM, Allaart CF, Huizinga TWJ, Scherer HU, De Vries-Bouwstra JK. Progression from suspected to definite systemic sclerosis and the role of anti-topoisomerase I antibodies. RMD Open 2023; 9:e002827. [PMID: 36746531 PMCID: PMC9906376 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2022-002827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Early diagnosis of systemic sclerosis (SSc) is important to start therapeutic interventions timely. Important risk factors for progression to SSc are the SSc-specific autoantibodies, of whom anti-centromere antibodies (ACA) and anti-topoisomerase I antibodies (ATA) are the most frequent. ATA is associated with a severe disease course. A more detailed characterisation of the ATA-response in SSc might increase insights in preclinical disease stages and improve prognostication. To address this we identified all patients with suspected very early ATA-positive SSc, defined as all patients who are ATA-positive not fulfilling American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) 2013 criteria, in the Leiden Combined Care in Systemic Sclerosis (CCISS)-cohort and found very low numbers. METHODS This triggered us to search the literature on the ATA prevalence in patients with suspected very early SSc and contribution of the SSc-specific autoantibodies to progression from suspected very early to definite SSc. To increase insights on the ATA-response in suspected very early SSc, we then evaluated the association between the ATA-response and time between onset of Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) and first non-RP symptom, as a proxy for progressing to definite SSc, in all patients with ATA-positive SSc from the Leiden CCISS-cohort. RESULTS In short, included studies show that prevalence of ATA is much lower in suspected very early SSc than in populations fulfilling ACR/EULAR 2013 criteria. After 1-15 years of follow-up, only 52% of the patients with suspected very early SSc progress to definite SSc. ATA-IgG levels tend to be higher in patients with ATA-positive SSc with more rapid disease progression. CONCLUSION Although a role of ATA in disease progression is suggested, more studies on the ATA response in suspected very early SSc are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie I E Liem
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sam Neppelenbroek
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Cynthia M Fehres
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Brigitte A Wevers
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - René E M Toes
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelia F Allaart
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tom W J Huizinga
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Ulrich Scherer
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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13
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Khidir SJH, Boonstra M, Bergstra SA, Boerrigter GWM, Voogt-van der Harst EM, Ninaber MK, Ajmone Marsan N, Huizinga TWJ, van der Helm-van Mil AHM, de Vries-Bouwstra JK. Mouth opening in systemic sclerosis: Its course over time, determinants and impact on mouth handicap. JOURNAL OF SCLERODERMA AND RELATED DISORDERS 2023; 8:64-71. [PMID: 36743815 PMCID: PMC9896194 DOI: 10.1177/23971983221138177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective Decreased maximal mouth opening is a common and disabling manifestation in systemic sclerosis patients. We aimed to study the course of maximal mouth opening, determinants of smaller maximal mouth opening over time and the burden of smaller maximal mouth opening on mouth handicap. Methods Consecutive systemic sclerosis patients participating in the prospective Leiden Combined Care in systemic sclerosis cohort were included. Annual clinical assessment included maximal mouth opening measurement and mouth handicap evaluation (Mouth Handicap in Systemic Sclerosis scale). Presence of microstomia (maximal mouth opening < 30 mm) was studied. Maximal mouth opening over time was assessed on group level and for all patients individually. Baseline characteristics were analysed for their association with smaller maximal mouth opening over time (linear mixed-effects models). Furthermore, cross-sectional association between maximal mouth opening with Mouth Handicap in Systemic Sclerosis scale was assessed (linear regression analysis). Results A total of 382 systemic sclerosis patients were studied with median follow-up time of 2.0 years (interquartile range = 0.0-3.0). At baseline, mean maximal mouth opening was 42.2 ± 8.0 mm and 7% suffered from microstomia. Annual decrease of > 5.0 mm in maximal mouth opening during follow-up occurred in 63 patients and was accompanied by increase in disease severity. Disease characteristics at baseline independently predictive for smaller maximal mouth opening over time were: more extended skin subtype; peripheral vasculopathy; pulmonary, renal and gastrointestinal involvement. Smaller maximal mouth opening was significantly associated with more reported mouth handicap. Conclusion The course of maximal mouth opening is stable in a majority of systemic sclerosis patients. Still, maximal mouth opening over time was smaller in patients with more severe organ involvement. Although microstomia was infrequent, a smaller maximal mouth opening was significantly associated with more mouth handicap, indicating the importance to address maximal mouth opening in routine care of systemic sclerosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J H Khidir
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike Boonstra
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sytske Anne Bergstra
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gerry W M Boerrigter
- Department of Physical Therapy, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Maarten K Ninaber
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nina Ajmone Marsan
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tom W J Huizinga
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Annette H M van der Helm-van Mil
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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14
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Liem SIE, van Leeuwen NM, Vliet Vlieland TPM, Boerrigter GMW, van den Ende CHM, de Pundert LAJ, Schriemer MR, Spierings J, Vonk MC, de Vries-Bouwstra JK. Physical Therapy in Systemic Sclerosis: The Patient Perspective. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2023; 75:145-151. [PMID: 34219404 DOI: 10.1002/acr.24741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the use, satisfaction, needs, and preferences regarding physical therapy (PT) in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). METHODS A total of 405 SSc patients, treated in the Leiden University Medical Center multidisciplinary care program and fulfilling American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) 2013 SSc criteria, received a questionnaire containing 37 questions on use and satisfaction regarding PT over a 2-year period, and their needs and preferences for future PT. RESULTS A total of 204 SSc patients (median age 63 years, 81% female) completed the questionnaire. One hundred twenty-eight patients (63%) had used or were using PT in a primary care setting. For 39% of patients not using PT, lack of referral or lack of knowledge was the reason for not using it. The most frequently reported active treatments were muscle-strengthening (n = 92 [72%]), range of motion (n = 77 [60%]), and aerobic exercises (n = 72 [56%]). Specific SSc hand- and mouth-opening exercises were reported by 20 (15%) and 7 (6%) patients, respectively. Manual treatment (massage or passive mobilization) was reported by 83 patients (65%). The mean ± SD satisfaction score (range 0-10) was 8.2 ± 1.6. Regarding patients' needs, 96 patients (47%) of the total group wanted to receive more information concerning PT, and 128 (63%) wanted to continue, start, or restart PT in the near future, with 56 of the 128 patients (44%) favoring individual treatment on a continuous basis. CONCLUSION We observed a significant variation in the use and content of PT for SSc patients in a primary care setting. Our results suggest potential underuse of PT care, in particular for hand and oral dysfunction, and underpin the need for initiatives to improve the quality and accessibility of PT care for SSc patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Marisca R Schriemer
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, and NVLE, Dutch Patient Organization for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Madelon C Vonk
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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15
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Liem SIE, Boonstra M, le Cessie S, Riccardi A, Airo P, Distler O, Matucci-Cerinic M, Caimmi C, Siegert E, Allanore Y, Huizinga TWJ, Toes REM, Scherer HU, de Vries-Bouwstra JK. Sex-specific risk of anti-topoisomerase antibodies on mortality and disease severity in systemic sclerosis: 10-year analysis of the Leiden CCISS and EUSTAR cohorts. THE LANCET. RHEUMATOLOGY 2022; 4:e699-e709. [PMID: 38265968 DOI: 10.1016/s2665-9913(22)00224-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to evaluate sex-specific risk of anti-topoisomerase I antibodies (ATA) on mortality, diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis, interstitial lung disease, and pulmonary hypertension in two cohorts of people with systemic sclerosis. METHODS This study was a 10-year analysis of the prospective Leiden Combined Care in Systemic Sclerosis (CCISS) cohort in the Netherlands and the international European Scleroderma Trials and Research (EUSTAR) cohort. We included participants with systemic sclerosis according to the 2013 American College of Rheumatology-European League Against Rheumatism (ACR-EULAR) classification criteria; available autoantibody status; available skin subtyping; at least one available radiographic assessment of interstitial lung disease; and with a known date of disease onset. People with systemic sclerosis were categorised in six risk groups by sex and autoantibody status (anti-centromere antibody [ACA]-positive female, ACA-positive male, ACA and ATA-negative female, ACA and ATA-negative male, ATA-positive female, and ATA-positive male). We constructed Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazard models, accounting for left-truncated survival to prevent bias because the date of disease onset (first non-Raynaud's symptom) preceded the date of cohort entry for all patients. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality and the secondary outcomes were diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis, interstitial lung disease, and pulmonary hypertension. FINDINGS 445 (63%) of 708 participants between April 1, 2009, and Jan 1, 2022, in CCISS (101 [23%] male and 344 [77%] female) and 4263 (50%) of 8590 between June 1, 2004, and March 28, 2018, in EUSTAR (783 [18%] male and 3480 [82%] female) were eligible for this study. In both cohorts, ATA expression occurred significantly more often in males than in females (39 [39%] of 101 males vs 67 [19%] of 344 females in CCISS; p<0·0001 and 381 [49%] of 783 males vs 1323 [38%] of 3480 females in EUSTAR; p<0·0001). According to estimated survival rates, 30% of ATA-positive males versus 12% of ATA-positive females died in the CCISS cohort and 33% versus 15% died in the EUSTAR cohort within 10 years. After adjustment for age, race, and autoantibody status, male sex remained the most important risk factor for all-cause mortality (HR 2·9 [95% CI 1·5-5·5] in CCISS, p=0·0018; and HR 2·6 [2·0-3·4] in EUSTAR, p<0·0001). INTERPRETATION We show that the association between male sex and increased mortality in systemic sclerosis cannot be explained by higher ATA prevalence. However, additional research on the effect of sex-specific characteristics on people with systemic sclerosis is required. FUNDING None.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie I E Liem
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.
| | - Maaike Boonstra
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Saskia le Cessie
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands; Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Antonella Riccardi
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Airo
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Civil Hospital Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Oliver Distler
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marco Matucci-Cerinic
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Elise Siegert
- Department of Rheumatology, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Tom W J Huizinga
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - René E M Toes
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Hans U Scherer
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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16
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Butcher SC, Vos JL, Fortuni F, Galloo X, Liem SIE, Bax JJ, Delgado V, Vonk MC, van Leuven SI, Snoeren M, El Messaoudi S, de Vries-Bouwstra JK, Nijveldt R, Ajmone Marsan N. Evaluation of left cardiac chamber function with cardiac magnetic resonance and association with outcome in patients with systemic sclerosis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2022; 62:SI20-SI31. [PMID: 35482539 PMCID: PMC9910570 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine whether lower values of feature-tracking cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR)-derived left atrial reservoir strain (LARS) and impaired left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal strain (GLS) were associated with the presence of symptoms and long-term prognosis in patients with SSc. METHODS A total of 100 patients {54 [interquartile range (IQR) 46-64] years, 42% male} with SSc who underwent CMR imaging at two tertiary referral centres were included. All patients underwent analysis of LARS and LV GLS using feature-tracking on CMR and were followed-up for the occurrence of all-cause mortality. RESULTS The median LV GLS was -21.8% and the median LARS was 36%. On multivariable logistic regression, LARS [odds ratio (OR) 0.964 per %, 95% CI 0.929, 0.998, P = 0.049] was independently associated with New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II-IV heart failure symptoms. Over a median follow-up of 37 (21-62) months, a total of 24 (24%) patients died. Univariable Cox regression analysis demonstrated that LARS [hazard ratio (HR) 0.94 per 1%, 95% CI 0.91, 0.97, P < 0.0001) and LV GLS (HR 1.10 per %, 95% CI 1.03, 1.17, P = 0.005) were associated with all-cause mortality, while LV ejection fraction was not. Likelihood ratio tests demonstrated that LARS provided incremental value over prognostically important clinical and imaging parameters, including late gadolinium enhancement. CONCLUSION In patients with SSc, LARS was independently associated with the presence of NYHA class II-IV heart failure symptoms. Although both LARS and LV GLS were associated with all-cause mortality, only LARS provided incremental value over all evaluated variables known to be prognostically important in patients with SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Federico Fortuni
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands,Department of Cardiology, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, Foligno, Italy
| | - Xavier Galloo
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands,Department of Cardiology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sophie I E Liem
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen J Bax
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands,Heart Center, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Victoria Delgado
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands,Heart Institute, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | | | | | - Miranda Snoeren
- Department of Radiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Nina Ajmone Marsan
- Correspondence to: Nina Ajmone Marsan, Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Center; Albinusdreef 2 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands. E-mail:
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17
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Stöcker JK, Schouffoer AA, Spierings J, Schriemer MR, Potjewijd J, de Pundert L, van den Hoogen FHJ, Nijhuis-van der Sanden MWG, Staal JB, Satink T, Vonk MC, van den Ende CHM. Evidence and consensus-based recommendations for non-pharmacological treatment of fatigue, hand function loss, Raynaud's phenomenon and digital ulcers in patients with systemic sclerosis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2022; 61:1476-1486. [PMID: 34260723 PMCID: PMC8996778 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE SSc is a complex CTD affecting mental and physical health. Fatigue, hand function loss, and RP are the most prevalent disease-specific symptoms of systemic sclerosis. This study aimed to develop consensus and evidence-based recommendations for non-pharmacological treatment of these symptoms. METHODS A multidisciplinary task force was installed comprising 20 Dutch experts. After agreeing on the method for formulating the recommendations, clinically relevant questions about patient education and treatments were inventoried. During a face-to-face task force meeting, draft recommendations were generated through a systematically structured discussion, following the nominal group technique. To support the recommendations, an extensive literature search was conducted in MEDLINE and six other databases until September 2020, and 20 key systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, and published recommendations were selected. Moreover, 13 Dutch medical specialists were consulted on non-pharmacological advice regarding RP and digital ulcers. For each recommendation, the level of evidence and the level of agreement was determined. RESULTS Forty-one evidence and consensus-based recommendations were developed, and 34, concerning treatments and patient education of fatigue, hand function loss, and RP/digital ulcers-related problems, were approved by the task force. CONCLUSIONS These 34 recommendations provide guidance on non-pharmacological treatment of three of the most frequently described symptoms in patients with systemic sclerosis. The proposed recommendations can guide referrals to health professionals, inform the content of non-pharmacological interventions, and can be used in the development of national and international postgraduate educational offerings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane K Stöcker
- Department of Research, Sint Maartenskliniek
- Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Group, HAN University of Applied Sciences
- Department of Rheumatic Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen
| | - Anne A Schouffoer
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden
- Department of Rheumatology, Haga Teaching Hospital, The Hague
| | - Julia Spierings
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Inflammation, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, Royal Free and University College London, London, UK
| | - Marisca R Schriemer
- Department of Research, Sint Maartenskliniek
- National Association for People with Lupus, Systemic Sclerosis, Antiphospholipid Syndrome, and Mixed Connective Tissue Disease, Utrecht
| | - Judith Potjewijd
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht
| | - Lian de Pundert
- Department of Physical Therapy, Haga Teaching Hospital, The Hague
- Department of Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy Science and Sport, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht
| | - Frank H J van den Hoogen
- Department of Research, Sint Maartenskliniek
- Department of Rheumatic Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen
| | | | - J Bart Staal
- Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Group, HAN University of Applied Sciences
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, IQ Healthcare, Radboud University Medical Center
| | - Ton Satink
- Research Group Neuro Rehabilitation, HAN University of Applied Sciences, Nijmegen
- European Masters of Science in Occupational Therapy, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Madelon C Vonk
- Department of Rheumatic Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen
| | - Cornelia H M van den Ende
- Department of Research, Sint Maartenskliniek
- Department of Rheumatic Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen
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18
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Vos JL, Butcher SC, Fortuni F, Galloo X, Rodwell L, Vonk MC, Bax JJ, van Leuven SI, de Vries-Bouwstra JK, Snoeren M, El Messaoudi S, Marsan NA, Nijveldt R. The Prognostic Value of Right Atrial and Right Ventricular Functional Parameters in Systemic Sclerosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:845359. [PMID: 35369297 PMCID: PMC8969768 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.845359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Right ventricular (RV) function is of particular importance in systemic sclerosis (SSc), since common SSc complications, such as interstitial lung disease and pulmonary hypertension may affect RV afterload. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is the gold standard for measuring RV function. CMR-derived RV and right atrial (RA) strain is a promising tool to detect subtle changes in RV function, and might have incremental value, however, prognostic data is lacking. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of RA and RV strain in SSc. Methods In this retrospective study, performed at two Dutch hospitals, consecutive SSc patients who underwent CMR were included. RV longitudinal strain (LS) and RA strain were measured. Unadjusted cox proportional hazard regression analysis and likelihood ratio tests were used to evaluate the association and incremental value of strain parameters with all-cause mortality. Results A total of 100 patients (median age 54 [46–64] years, 42% male) were included. Twenty-four patients (24%) died during a follow-up of 3.1 [1.8–5.2] years. RA reservoir [Hazard Ratio (HR) = 0.95, 95% CI 0.91–0.99, p = 0.009] and conduit strain (HR = 0.93, 95% CI 0.88–0.98, p = 0.008) were univariable predictors of all-cause mortality, while RV LS and RA booster strain were not. RA conduit strain proved to be of incremental value to sex, atrial fibrillation, NYHA class, RA maximum volume indexed, and late gadolinium enhancement (p < 0.05 for all). Conclusion RA reservoir and conduit strain are predictors of all-cause mortality in SSc patients, whereas RV LS is not. In addition, RA conduit strain showed incremental prognostic value to all evaluated clinical and imaging parameters. Therefore, RA conduit strain may be a useful prognostic marker in SSc patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline L. Vos
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Jacqueline L. Vos,
| | - Steele C. Butcher
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Federico Fortuni
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, Foligno, Italy
| | - Xavier Galloo
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Laura Rodwell
- Section Biostatistics, Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Madelon C. Vonk
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jeroen J. Bax
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Sander I. van Leuven
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Miranda Snoeren
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Saloua El Messaoudi
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Nina A. Marsan
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Robin Nijveldt
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Robin Nijveldt,
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19
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van Leeuwen NM, Boonstra M, Fretheim H, Brunborg C, Midtvedt Ø, Garen T, Molberg Ø, Huizinga TWJ, de Vries-Bouwstra JK, Hoffman-Vold AM. Gastrointestinal symptom severity and progression in systemic sclerosis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2022; 61:4024-4034. [PMID: 35238377 PMCID: PMC9789747 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the severity and evolution of patient-reported gastrointestinal tract (GIT) symptoms in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients, assess predictive factors for progression and determine the impact of standard of care treatment. METHODS SSc patients from the Leiden and Oslo cohorts were included. We assessed clinical data and patient-reported GIT symptoms measured by the validated University of California, Los-Angeles Gastrointestinal-tract (UCLA-GIT) score at baseline and annually. GIT severity and progression was determined. Logistic regression was applied to identify risk factors associated with baseline GIT symptom severity. Linear mixed-effect models were applied to assess progression in GIT symptom burden and to identify predictive factors. We repeated all analysis in patients with early disease (inception cohort) to exclude the effect of longstanding disease and increase insights in development of GIT symptom burden early in the disease course. RESULTS We included 834 SSc patients with baseline UCLA GIT scores, 454 from Leiden and 380 from Oslo. In the total cohort, 28% reported moderate-severe GIT symptoms at baseline, with increased risk for severity conferred by ACA, smoking and corticosteroid use, while use of calcium channel blockers appeared protective. In the inception cohort, 23% reported moderate-severe GIT symptoms at baseline, with increased risk for females and with smoking. Over time, symptom burden increased mainly for reflux/bloating. Female sex and ACA predicted GIT symptom progression. CONCLUSION High GIT symptom burden is present early in SSc disease course. Both for prevalence and for progression of GIT symptom burden, female sex and smoking were identified as risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina M van Leeuwen
- Correspondence to: Nina Marijn van Leeuwen, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 4333ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands. E-mail:
| | - Maaike Boonstra
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Cathrine Brunborg
- Oslo Centre for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital
| | | | | | - Øyvind Molberg
- Department of Rheumatology,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tom W J Huizinga
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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20
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Ciaffi J, van Leeuwen NM, Boonstra M, Kroft LJM, Schouffoer AA, Ninaber MK, Huizinga TWJ, de Vries‐Bouwstra JK. Evolution of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease One Year After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation or Cyclophosphamide. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2022; 74:433-441. [PMID: 32961038 PMCID: PMC9303567 DOI: 10.1002/acr.24451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and cyclophosphamide (CYC) are treatment options for progressive systemic sclerosis associated with interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD). The aims of our retrospective observational study were to evaluate: 1) the evolution of SSc-ILD in SSc patients treated with HSCT (assessed by high-resolution computed tomography [HRCT]; a group of patients treated with CYC was included as frame of reference); 2) how results of pulmonary function tests (PFTs) are associated with HRCT findings; and 3) which factors predict ILD reduction. METHODS We semiquantitatively scored total ILD extent, reticulations, and ground-glass opacities (GGO) scores at baseline and at the 1-year HRCTs of SSc patients treated with HSCT or CYC. Linear association between changes in HRCT scores and PFT results and predictors of ILD improvement were studied. RESULTS We included 51 patients (those treated with HSCT [n = 20] and those treated with CYC [n = 31]). The mean change in total ILD score was -5.1% (95% confidence interval [95% CI] -10.2, 0.0) in the HSCT treatment group (P = 0.050), and -1.0% (95% CI -4.3, 2.3) in the CYC treatment group (P = 0.535). For all patients, the evolution of HRCT scores was weakly associated with relative changes in PFT results. In univariate logistic regression, higher ground-glass opacities, higher total ILD, and lower single-breath diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide scores at baseline predicted improvement of ILD extent after treatment, but a multivariable model could not be built to assess independency of predictors. CONCLUSION One year after treatment with HSCT, a nonsignificant but clear reduction of SSc-ILD extent was observed. Changes in PFT results were associated with changes in HRCT scores but the correlation was weak and cannot be considered conclusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Ciaffi
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands, Azienda Policlinico of Modena, University of Modena, and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy, and IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico RizzoliBolognaItaly
| | | | | | | | - Anne A. Schouffoer
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands and Haga Teaching Hospitalthe HagueThe Netherlands
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21
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van Leeuwen NM, Maurits M, Liem S, Ciaffi J, Ajmone Marsan N, Ninaber M, Allaart C, Gillet van Dongen H, Goekoop R, Huizinga T, Knevel R, De Vries-Bouwstra J. New risk model is able to identify patients with a low risk of progression in systemic sclerosis. RMD Open 2021; 7:rmdopen-2020-001524. [PMID: 34059523 PMCID: PMC8169494 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2020-001524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To develop a prediction model to guide annual assessment of systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients tailored in accordance to disease activity. Methods A machine learning approach was used to develop a model that can identify patients without disease progression. SSc patients included in the prospective Leiden SSc cohort and fulfilling the ACR/EULAR 2013 criteria were included. Disease progression was defined as progression in ≥1 organ system, and/or start of immunosuppression or death. Using elastic-net-regularisation, and including 90 independent clinical variables (100% complete), we trained the model on 75% and validated it on 25% of the patients, optimising on negative predictive value (NPV) to minimise the likelihood of missing progression. Probability cutoffs were identified for low and high risk for disease progression by expert assessment. Results Of the 492 SSc patients (follow-up range: 2–10 years), disease progression during follow-up was observed in 52% (median time 4.9 years). Performance of the model in the test set showed an AUC-ROC of 0.66. Probability score cutoffs were defined: low risk for disease progression (<0.197, NPV:1.0; 29% of patients), intermediate risk (0.197–0.223, NPV:0.82; 27%) and high risk (>0.223, NPV:0.78; 44%). The relevant variables for the model were: previous use of cyclophosphamide or corticosteroids, start with immunosuppressive drugs, previous gastrointestinal progression, previous cardiovascular event, pulmonary arterial hypertension, modified Rodnan Skin Score, creatine kinase and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide. Conclusion Our machine-learning-assisted model for progression enabled us to classify 29% of SSc patients as ‘low risk’. In this group, annual assessment programmes could be less extensive than indicated by international guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marc Maurits
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sophie Liem
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jacopo Ciaffi
- Medicine and Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
| | | | - Maarten Ninaber
- Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelia Allaart
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Henrike Gillet van Dongen
- Department of Rheumatology, Medisch Centrum Haaglanden, Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands.,LangeLand Hospital, Zoetermeer, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Robbert Goekoop
- Rheumatology, HagaZiekenhuis, The Hague, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Huizinga
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rachel Knevel
- Rheumatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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22
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van Leeuwen NM, Ciaffi J, Liem SIE, Huizinga TWJ, de Vries-Bouwstra JK. Health-related quality of life in patients with systemic sclerosis: evolution over time and main determinants. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 60:3646-3655. [PMID: 33401302 PMCID: PMC8328503 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keaa827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In SSc patients, disease specific determinants that influence health-related quality of life (HRQoL) over time have not been described. We aim to, in patients with SSc, (i) evaluate if and how HRQoL changes over time, and (ii) assess how different SSc domains and functional impairments contribute to changes in HRQoL over time. METHODS All SSc patients from the Leiden SSc cohort were included; patients with disease duration <24 months were classified as incident cases. HRQoL was assessed prospectively on an annual basis using the EQ-5D and the SF36. To assess baseline associations between clinical characteristics and HRQoL, linear regressions were performed. To identify possible associations between SSc characteristics and HRQoL change over time, linear mixed models were performed in both incident and prevalent cases. RESULTS In total, 492 SSc patients were included (n = 202 incident cases), with a median follow-up duration of 3.4 years. At baseline, presence of organ involvement was independently associated with a worse SF36 physical component score and lower EQ-5D score. Over time, gastrointestinal symptoms, Raynaud and digital ulcers were independently associated with deterioration of HRQoL in both incident and prevalent cases. In prevalent cases, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) was associated with a decrease in HRQoL over time. Worse functioning as measured by six-min walking distance, mouth-opening, finger-to-palm distance and grip-strength contributed significantly to deterioration of HRQoL over time. CONCLUSION In SSc, key clinical burdens that contribute to worsening of HRQoL over time include digital ulcers, Raynaud and gastrointestinal involvement. In addition, PAH is a significant burden in prevalent disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina M van Leeuwen
- Rheumatology Department, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jacopo Ciaffi
- Medicine and Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli (IOR), Bologna, Italy
| | - Sophie I E Liem
- Rheumatology Department, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tom W J Huizinga
- Rheumatology Department, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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23
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Liem S, van Leeuwen NM, Vliet Vlieland T, Boerrigter G, van den Ende C, de Pundert L, Schriemer MR, Spierings J, Vonk MC, de Vries-Bouwstra JK. Physical therapy in patients with systemic sclerosis: physical therapists' perspectives on current delivery and educational needs. Scand J Rheumatol 2021; 51:394-401. [PMID: 34263718 DOI: 10.1080/03009742.2021.1937306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To assess the perspectives of physical therapists treating patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) on their current practice and educational needs.Method: In July 2019, 405 SSc patients attending a multidisciplinary SSc programme received a survey on physical therapy. Patients who indicated having received physical therapy in the past 2 years were asked to invite their treating physical therapist to complete a questionnaire including sociodemographic characteristics, referral process, content of treatment, perceived knowledge and skills, and educational needs (mostly yes/no answers).Results: Forty-eight of 80 possibly eligible physical therapists treating SSc patients returned the questionnaire [median age 44 years (interquartile range 35-58); 52% female; median number of SSc patients currently treated: 1 (range 1-4)]. Eighty-one per cent (n = 39) of physical therapists had received a referral, with 69% (n = 27/39) judging its content as insufficient. The most often provided types of exercises were range of motion (96%), muscle-strengthening (85%), and aerobic (71%) exercises, followed by hand (42%) and mouth (10%) exercises. Concerning manual treatment, 65% performed either massage or passive mobilization. Regarding competences, 65% indicated feeling capable of treating SSc patients. Nevertheless, 85% expressed the need for an information website on physical therapy in SSc, and 77% for postgraduate education on SSc.Conclusion: Primary care physical therapists treating patients with SSc used a wide range of treatment modalities. Although most stated that they treated very few patients, the majority felt capable of treating SSc patients. Nevertheless, the large majority expressed a need for additional information and educational activities concerning SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sie Liem
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - N M van Leeuwen
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tpm Vliet Vlieland
- Department of Orthopedics, Rehabilitation Medicine and Physical Therapy, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gmw Boerrigter
- Department of Physical Therapy, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Chm van den Ende
- Department of Rheumatology, Sint Maartenskliniek, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Laj de Pundert
- Department of Physical Therapy, HagaZiekenhuis, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - M R Schriemer
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,NVLE, Dutch Patient Organization for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J Spierings
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M C Vonk
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J K de Vries-Bouwstra
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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24
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van Leeuwen NM, Boonstra M, Bakker JA, Grummels A, Jordan S, Liem S, Distler O, Hoffmann-Vold AM, Melsens K, Smith V, Truchetet ME, Scherer HU, Toes R, Huizinga TWJ, de Vries-Bouwstra JK. Anti-centromere antibody levels and isotypes and the development of systemic sclerosis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2021; 73:2338-2347. [PMID: 34042326 PMCID: PMC9297867 DOI: 10.1002/art.41814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective Little is known on the disease course of very early systemic sclerosis (SSc). Among the information yet to be elucidated is whether anticentromere antibody (ACA) isotype levels can serve as biomarkers for future SSc development and for organ involvement. This study was undertaken to evaluate whether IgG, IgM, and IgA ACA levels in IgG ACA–positive patients are associated with disease severity and/or progression from very early SSc to definite SSc. Methods IgG ACA–positive patients from 5 different cohorts who had very early SSc or SSc fulfilling the American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) 2013 criteria were included. A diagnosis of very early SSc was based on the presence of IgG ACAs and Raynaud’s phenomenon, and/or puffy fingers and/or abnormal nailfold capillaroscopy, but not fulfilling the ACR/EULAR 2013 criteria for SSc. Multivariable regression analyses were performed to determine the association between baseline ACA isotype levels and progression to definite SSc with organ involvement. Results Six hundred twenty‐five IgG ACA–positive patients were included, of whom 138 (22%) fulfilled the criteria for very early SSc and 487 (78%) had definite SSc. Levels of IgG ACAs (odds ratio 2.5 [95% confidence interval 1.8–3.7]) and IgM ACAs (odds ratio 1.8 [95% confidence interval 1.3–2.3]) were significantly higher in patients with definite SSc. Of 115 patients with very early SSc with follow‐up, progression to definite SSc occurred within 5 years in 48 (42%). Progression to definite SSc was associated with higher IgG ACA levels at baseline (odds ratio 4.3 [95% confidence interval 1.7–10.7]). Conclusion ACA isotype levels may serve as biomarkers to identify patients with very early SSc who are at risk for disease progression to definite SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina M van Leeuwen
- Leiden University Medical Centre, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike Boonstra
- Leiden University Medical Centre, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap A Bakker
- Leiden University Medical Centre, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Annette Grummels
- Leiden University Medical Centre, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Suzana Jordan
- University Hospital Zurich, Department of Rheumatology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Liem
- Leiden University Medical Centre, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Oliver Distler
- University Hospital Zurich, Department of Rheumatology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anna-Maria Hoffmann-Vold
- Department of Rheumatology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway, Rikshospitalet, Pb 4950 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Karin Melsens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University; Department of Rheumatology, Ghent University Hospital; Unit for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, VIB Inflammation Research Centre (IRC), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Vanessa Smith
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ghent University; Department of Rheumatology, Ghent University Hospital; Unit for Molecular Immunology and Inflammation, VIB Inflammation Research Centre (IRC), Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Hans U Scherer
- Leiden University Medical Centre, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - René Toes
- Leiden University Medical Centre, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tom W J Huizinga
- Leiden University Medical Centre, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden, The Netherlands
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25
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Dijkstra DJ, Liem SIE, van Leeuwen NM, Fehres CM, de Vries-Bouwstra JK, Trouw LA. Anti-C1q autoantibodies may not serve as an adequate biomarker for lung manifestations in systemic sclerosis: a single-centre, cross-sectional study. Br J Dermatol 2021; 185:657-658. [PMID: 33913512 PMCID: PMC8453845 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.20412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D J Dijkstra
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - S I E Liem
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - N M van Leeuwen
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - C M Fehres
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - J K de Vries-Bouwstra
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - L A Trouw
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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26
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van Leeuwen NM, Liem SIE, Maurits MP, Ninaber M, Marsan NA, Allaart CF, Huizinga TWJ, Knevel R, de Vries-Bouwstra JK. Disease progression in systemic sclerosis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 60:1565-1567. [PMID: 33404661 PMCID: PMC7937017 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keaa911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Nina Ajmone Marsan
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Boonstra M, Bakker JA, Grummels A, Ninaber MK, Ajmone Marsan N, Wortel CM, Huizinga TWJ, Jordan S, Hoffman-Vold AM, Distler O, Toes REM, Scherer HU, de Vries-Bouwstra JK. Association of Anti-Topoisomerase I Antibodies of the IgM Isotype With Disease Progression in Anti-Topoisomerase I-Positive Systemic Sclerosis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2020; 72:1897-1904. [PMID: 32840062 PMCID: PMC7702063 DOI: 10.1002/art.41403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective Anti–topoisomerase I (anti–topo I) autoantibodies in systemic sclerosis (SSc) are associated with diffuse skin involvement and interstitial lung fibrosis. Thus far, however, the relationship between anti–topo I antibody response and disease course has not yet been fully evaluated. This study was undertaken to gain insight into the association between characteristics of the anti–topo I antibody response and clinical disease course in SSc patients positive for anti–topo I antibodies. Methods Levels of anti–topo I IgG, anti–topo I IgM, and anti–topo I IgA were assessed in consecutive serum samples obtained from patients at baseline who were positive for anti–topo I IgG in the Leiden Combined Care In Systemic Sclerosis (CCISS) cohort. One‐year disease progression was defined by a relevant increase in modified Rodnan skin thickness score (MRSS), decline in pulmonary function, development of digital ulcers, renal crisis, and pulmonary hypertension, and/or mortality. Validation was performed in SSc patients who were positive for anti–topo I from the Oslo University Hospital and University Hospital Zurich. Results Of the 103 patients with anti–topo I IgG in the CCISS cohort, clinical data were available to assess 1‐year disease progression in 81 patients. Of these 81 patients, 23 (28%) had disease progression. At baseline, patients with disease progression were significantly more often anti–topo I IgM–positive than those who did not experience disease progression (21 [91%] of 23 versus 33 [57%] of 58; P < 0.01). This finding was confirmed in the independent validation samples. Conclusion In SSc patients who were anti–topo I IgG–positive, presence of anti–topo I IgM, which might be considered as a surrogate for an ongoing autoreactive B cell immune response, is associated with disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jaap A Bakker
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - René E M Toes
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Leeuwen NM, Boonstra M, Huizinga TW, Kaptein AA, Vries‐Bouwstra JK. Illness perceptions, risk perceptions and worries in patients with early systemic sclerosis: A focus group study. Musculoskeletal Care 2020; 18:177-186. [PMID: 31984643 PMCID: PMC7318332 DOI: 10.1002/msc.1453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objectives This study explores illness perceptions, risk perceptions and degree of worry in patients with recently diagnosed systemic sclerosis (SSc). Specifically, it aims to answer whether and how early diagnosis in a stage that disease is relatively mild can impact patients' lives, and if and how disease severity associates with illness perceptions and risk perception. Methods Patients with a diagnosis of SSc <2 years were invited to participate in a focus group discussion for in‐depth exploration of illness perceptions, risk perceptions and worry. In addition, illness perceptions, risk perceptions and worries were evaluated with the use of questionnaires. To explore how patients perceive SSc, we asked them to draw their disease. Physician global assessment of disease severity was used to measure disease severity. Associations between disease severity, illness/risk perceptions, drawings and elements of the focus group were assessed. Results We observed three dimensions of illness perception as most relevant for patients: personal control, concern and consequences. Patients with SSc experienced many symptoms and felt low personal control. Concerns about the future were often mentioned, and the majority of patients scored high on the worry questionnaire. None of the patients was preoccupied with prognosis or death. All drawings illustrate the impact of SSc on daily life and psychological well‐being. Illness perceptions were highly variable between patients and did not associate with disease severity. Conclusion This study showed that a diagnosis of early SSc had a significant impact on patients' lives, also in the absence of severe disease complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina M. Leeuwen
- Department of RheumatologyLeiden University Medical Centre Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Maaike Boonstra
- Department of RheumatologyAmsterdam University Medical Centre Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Tom W.J. Huizinga
- Department of RheumatologyLeiden University Medical Centre Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Ad A. Kaptein
- Department of Medical PsychologyLeiden University Medical Centre Leiden The Netherlands
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Pulmonary Vascular Morphology Associated With Gas Exchange in Systemic Sclerosis Without Lung Fibrosis. J Thorac Imaging 2020; 34:373-379. [PMID: 30817504 DOI: 10.1097/rti.0000000000000395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gas exchange in systemic sclerosis (SSc) is known to be affected by fibrotic changes in the pulmonary parenchyma. However, SSc patients without detectable fibrosis can still have impaired gas transfer. We aim to investigate whether pulmonary vascular changes could partly explain a reduction in gas transfer of SSc patients without fibrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We selected 77 patients whose visual computed tomography (CT) scoring showed no fibrosis. Pulmonary vessels were detected automatically in CT images, and their local radii were calculated. The frequency of occurrence for each radius was calculated, and, from this radius histogram, 2 imaging biomarkers (α and β) were extracted, wherein α reflects the relative contribution of small vessels compared with large vessels, and β represents the vessel tree capacity. Correlations between imaging biomarkers and gas transfer [single-breath diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide corrected for hemoglobin concentration (DLCOc) %predicted] were evaluated with Spearman correlation. Multivariable stepwise linear regression was performed with DLCOc %predicted as the dependent variable and age, BMI, sPAP, FEV1 %predicted, TLC %predicted, FVC %predicted, α, β, voxel size, and CT-derived lung volume as independent variables. RESULTS Both α and β were significantly correlated with gas transfer (R=-0.29, P-value=0.011 and R=0.32, P-value=0.004, respectively). The multivariable stepwise linear regression analysis selected sPAP [coefficient=-0.78; 95% confidence interval (CI)=-1.07, -0.49; P-value<0.001], β (coefficient=8.6; 95% CI=4.07, 13.1; P-value<0.001), and FEV1% predicted (coefficient=0.3; 95% CI=0.12, 0.48; P-value=0.001) as significant independent predictors of DLCOc %predicted (R=0.71, P-value<0.001). CONCLUSIONS In SSc patients without detectable pulmonary fibrosis, impaired gas exchange is associated with alterations in pulmonary vascular morphology.
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Boonstra M, Ninaber MK, Ajmone Marsan N, Huizinga TWJ, Scherer HU, de Vries-Bouwstra JK. Prognostic properties of anti-topoisomerase antibodies in patients identified by the ACR/EULAR 2013 systemic sclerosis criteria. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2020; 58:730-732. [PMID: 30690619 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kez005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maaike Boonstra
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten K Ninaber
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nina Ajmone Marsan
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Tom W J Huizinga
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Ulrich Scherer
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Lung function is associated with minimal EQ-5D changes over time in patients with systemic sclerosis. Clin Rheumatol 2020; 39:1543-1549. [DOI: 10.1007/s10067-020-04951-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIn systemic sclerosis (SSc) therapeutic efforts are often directed to prevent progressive respiratory impairment, but it is unclear to what extent changes in pulmonary function tests (PFTs) are associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The aim of our study is to evaluate how modifications in PFTs contribute to longitudinal variations in HRQoL, assessed through the multidimensional questionnaire EQ-5D, in patients with SSc. We included SSc patients with forced vital capacity (FVC%), diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO%) and EQ-5D assessed in at least two visits. The EQ-5D consists of two parts, a utility score ranging from − 0.59 to 1, and a 0–100 Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Higher values represent better health. The association between changes in FVC% and DLCO%, and evolution of EQ-5D over time, was investigated using generalized estimating equations. Three hundred seventy-eight patients were included, accounting for a total of 1619 measurements. The models showed that improvement in FVC% is significantly associated with increase in both utility score (β = 0.001; 95% CI 0.000 to 0.002; p = 0.003) and VAS over time (β = 0.188; 95% CI 0.111 to 0.264; p < 0.001). Moreover, improvement in DLCO% is longitudinally associated with increase in utility score (β = 0.001; 95% CI 0.000 to 0.002; p = 0.038), while the results for VAS were non-significant (β = 0.020; 95% CI -0.079 to 0.120; p = 0.690). We show that change in PFTs has a significant, although minor, impact on HRQoL as measured by EQ-5D in SSc.Key Points• In patients with SSc, changes in PFTs have a significant, although minor, impact on HRQoL.• In patients with SSc-ILD, the perception of HRQoL is nearly not influenced by changes in pulmonary function.• The use of generic questionnaires might not be sensitive enough to evaluate the impact on quality of life of therapies targeting specific SSc manifestations.
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Stoop DF, de Vries-Bouwstra JK, Vliet Vlieland TP. Quality of life and strain among caregivers of patients with systemic sclerosis. Disabil Rehabil 2019; 42:1783-1784. [PMID: 31633430 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2019.1674390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Denise F Stoop
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Thea P Vliet Vlieland
- Department of Orthopedics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Zhai Z, Staring M, Hernández Girón I, Veldkamp WJH, Kroft LJ, Ninaber MK, Stoel BC. Automatic quantitative analysis of pulmonary vascular morphology in CT images. Med Phys 2019; 46:3985-3997. [PMID: 31206181 PMCID: PMC6852650 DOI: 10.1002/mp.13659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Vascular remodeling is a significant pathological feature of various pulmonary diseases, which may be assessed by quantitative computed tomography (CT) imaging. The purpose of this study was therefore to develop and validate an automatic method for quantifying pulmonary vascular morphology in CT images. METHODS The proposed method consists of pulmonary vessel extraction and quantification. For extracting pulmonary vessels, a graph-cuts-based method is proposed which considers appearance (CT intensity) and shape (vesselness from a Hessian-based filter) features, and incorporates distance to the airways into the cost function to prevent false detection of airway walls. For quantifying the extracted pulmonary vessels, a radius histogram is generated by counting the occurrence of vessel radii, calculated from a distance transform-based method. Subsequently, two biomarkers, slope α and intercept β, are calculated by linear regression on the radius histogram. A public data set from the VESSEL12 challenge was used to independently evaluate the vessel extraction. The quantitative analysis method was validated using images of a three-dimensional (3D) printed vessel phantom, scanned by a clinical CT scanner and a micro-CT scanner (to obtain a gold standard). To confirm the association between imaging biomarkers and pulmonary function, 77 scleroderma patients were investigated with the proposed method. RESULTS In the independent evaluation with the public data set, our vessel segmentation method obtained an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.976. The median radius difference between clinical and micro-CT scans of a 3D printed vessel phantom was 0.062 ± 0.020 mm, with interquartile range of 0.199 ± 0.050 mm. In the studied patient group, a significant correlation between diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide and the biomarkers, α (R = -0.27, P = 0.018) and β (R = 0.321, P = 0.004), was obtained. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the proposed method was validated independently using a public data set resulting in an area under the ROC curve of 0.976 and using a 3D printed vessel phantom data set, showing a vessel sizing error of 0.062 mm (0.16 in-plane pixel units). The correlation between imaging biomarkers and diffusion capacity in a clinical data set confirmed an association between lung structure and function. This quantification of pulmonary vascular morphology may be helpful in understanding the pathophysiology of pulmonary vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Zhai
- Division of Image ProcessingDepartment of RadiologyLeiden University Medical CenterPO Box 96002300 RCLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Marius Staring
- Division of Image ProcessingDepartment of RadiologyLeiden University Medical CenterPO Box 96002300 RCLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Irene Hernández Girón
- Medical Physics, Department of RadiologyLeiden University Medical CenterPO Box 96002300 RCLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Wouter J. H. Veldkamp
- Medical Physics, Department of RadiologyLeiden University Medical CenterPO Box 96002300 RCLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Lucia J. Kroft
- Department of RadiologyLeiden University Medical CenterPO Box 96002300 RCLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Maarten K. Ninaber
- Department of PulmonologyLeiden University Medical CenterPO Box 96002300 RCLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Berend C. Stoel
- Division of Image ProcessingDepartment of RadiologyLeiden University Medical CenterPO Box 96002300 RCLeidenThe Netherlands
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van Wijngaarden SE, Boonstra M, Bloem B, Cassani D, Tanner FC, Jordan S, Distler O, Delgado V, Bax JJ, de Vries-Bouwstra JK, Ajmone Marsan N. Clinical and Echocardiographic Associates of All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Systemic Sclerosis. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2019; 12:2273-2276. [PMID: 31326475 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2019.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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van Leeuwen NM, Ramiro S, Ninaber MK, Nossent E, de Vries-Bouwstra JK. Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease in a patient with recently diagnosed systemic sclerosis. JOURNAL OF SCLERODERMA AND RELATED DISORDERS 2019; 5:NP1-NP4. [PMID: 35382026 PMCID: PMC8922610 DOI: 10.1177/2397198319852194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease is a rare cause of pulmonary hypertension in patients with systemic sclerosis that can be misclassified as pulmonary arterial hypertension. Differentiation between pulmonary veno-occlusive disease and pulmonary arterial hypertension is challenging because of the similar clinical picture. Nevertheless, discrimination is important because pulmonary veno-occlusive disease has a worse prognosis. Vasodilators including phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors and endothelin receptor antagonists should be started with caution and often in combination with diuretics to prevent pulmonary edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina M van Leeuwen
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sofia Ramiro
- Department of Rheumatology, Zuyderland Medical Centre, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten K Ninaber
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Esther Nossent
- Department of Pulmonology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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van Wijngaarden SE, Ben Said-Bouyeri S, Ninaber MK, Huizinga TWJ, Schalij MJ, Bax JJ, Delgado V, de Vries-Bouwstra JK, Marsan NA. Progression of Left Ventricular Myocardial Dysfunction in Systemic Sclerosis: A Speckle-tracking Strain Echocardiography Study. J Rheumatol 2019; 46:405-415. [PMID: 30824646 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.171207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cardiac involvement is a main cause of mortality in systemic sclerosis (SSc). Its detection remains challenging using conventional echocardiography and little is known about its potential progression. This study assessed changes in cardiac performance over time in a prospective cohort of patients with SSc, including echocardiographic speckle-tracking strain analysis. METHODS The study included 234 patients with SSc [196 women, age 52 ± 14 yrs, 165 limited SSc, time since diagnosis 5.2 yrs, interquartile range (IQR) 2.9-11.3]. Clinical variables, laboratory tests, pulmonary function tests, and echocardiographic measures were recorded at baseline and followup (median 2.3 yrs, IQR 1.3-3.9). Additionally, left ventricular (LV) systolic function was assessed with global longitudinal strain (GLS) by echocardiographic speckle-tracking analysis. RESULTS At followup, GLS had significantly worsened (-21% ± 2 vs -19% ± 2, p < 0.001) while LV ejection fraction had not changed (62% ± 7 vs 61% ± 8, p = 0.124). In particular, 39 patients showed a significant deterioration of GLS as defined by a ≥ 15% decrease, which was accompanied by a concomitant worsening of proximal muscle weakness, lung fibrosis, renal function, LV diastolic function, and right ventricular systolic function. Baseline variables associated with ≥ 15% deterioration in GLS were proximal muscle weakness (OR 3.437, 95% CI 1.13-10.43, p = 0.020), decreased DLCO (OR 3.621, 95% CI 1.25-10.51, p = 0.049), and LV diastolic dysfunction (OR 2.378, 95% CI 1.07-5.27, p = 0.033). CONCLUSION In patients with SSc, progression of LV systolic dysfunction was demonstrated by GLS but not by LV ejection fraction. Proximal muscle weakness, DLCO, and LV diastolic dysfunction may identify patients at risk for progressive LV systolic dysfunction and in need of closer cardiac monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne E van Wijngaarden
- From the Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Center, and the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,S.E. van Wijngaarden, MD, MSc, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; S. Ben Said-Bouyeri, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; M.K. Ninaber, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Centre, Leiden University Medical Center; T.W. Huizinga, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Centre, Leiden University Medical Center; M.J. Schalij, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; J.J. Bax, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; V. Delgado, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; J.K. de Vries-Bouwstra, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; N. Ajmone Marsan, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center
| | - Samira Ben Said-Bouyeri
- From the Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Center, and the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,S.E. van Wijngaarden, MD, MSc, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; S. Ben Said-Bouyeri, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; M.K. Ninaber, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Centre, Leiden University Medical Center; T.W. Huizinga, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Centre, Leiden University Medical Center; M.J. Schalij, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; J.J. Bax, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; V. Delgado, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; J.K. de Vries-Bouwstra, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; N. Ajmone Marsan, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center
| | - Maarten K Ninaber
- From the Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Center, and the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,S.E. van Wijngaarden, MD, MSc, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; S. Ben Said-Bouyeri, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; M.K. Ninaber, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Centre, Leiden University Medical Center; T.W. Huizinga, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Centre, Leiden University Medical Center; M.J. Schalij, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; J.J. Bax, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; V. Delgado, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; J.K. de Vries-Bouwstra, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; N. Ajmone Marsan, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center
| | - Tom W J Huizinga
- From the Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Center, and the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,S.E. van Wijngaarden, MD, MSc, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; S. Ben Said-Bouyeri, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; M.K. Ninaber, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Centre, Leiden University Medical Center; T.W. Huizinga, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Centre, Leiden University Medical Center; M.J. Schalij, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; J.J. Bax, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; V. Delgado, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; J.K. de Vries-Bouwstra, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; N. Ajmone Marsan, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center
| | - Martin J Schalij
- From the Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Center, and the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,S.E. van Wijngaarden, MD, MSc, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; S. Ben Said-Bouyeri, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; M.K. Ninaber, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Centre, Leiden University Medical Center; T.W. Huizinga, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Centre, Leiden University Medical Center; M.J. Schalij, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; J.J. Bax, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; V. Delgado, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; J.K. de Vries-Bouwstra, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; N. Ajmone Marsan, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center
| | - Jeroen J Bax
- From the Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Center, and the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,S.E. van Wijngaarden, MD, MSc, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; S. Ben Said-Bouyeri, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; M.K. Ninaber, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Centre, Leiden University Medical Center; T.W. Huizinga, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Centre, Leiden University Medical Center; M.J. Schalij, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; J.J. Bax, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; V. Delgado, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; J.K. de Vries-Bouwstra, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; N. Ajmone Marsan, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center
| | - Victoria Delgado
- From the Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Center, and the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,S.E. van Wijngaarden, MD, MSc, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; S. Ben Said-Bouyeri, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; M.K. Ninaber, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Centre, Leiden University Medical Center; T.W. Huizinga, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Centre, Leiden University Medical Center; M.J. Schalij, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; J.J. Bax, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; V. Delgado, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; J.K. de Vries-Bouwstra, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; N. Ajmone Marsan, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center
| | - Jeska K de Vries-Bouwstra
- From the Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Center, and the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,S.E. van Wijngaarden, MD, MSc, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; S. Ben Said-Bouyeri, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; M.K. Ninaber, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Centre, Leiden University Medical Center; T.W. Huizinga, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Centre, Leiden University Medical Center; M.J. Schalij, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; J.J. Bax, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; V. Delgado, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; J.K. de Vries-Bouwstra, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; N. Ajmone Marsan, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center
| | - Nina Ajmone Marsan
- From the Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Center, and the Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands. .,S.E. van Wijngaarden, MD, MSc, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; S. Ben Said-Bouyeri, MD, MSc, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; M.K. Ninaber, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Centre, Leiden University Medical Center; T.W. Huizinga, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Heart Lung Centre, Leiden University Medical Center; M.J. Schalij, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; J.J. Bax, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; V. Delgado, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center; J.K. de Vries-Bouwstra, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center; N. Ajmone Marsan, MD, PhD, Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center.
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ECG derived ventricular gradient exceeds echocardiography in the early detection of pulmonary hypertension in scleroderma patients. Int J Cardiol 2018; 273:203-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.07.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Liem SIE, Meessen JMTA, Wolterbeek R, Ajmone Marsan N, Ninaber MK, Vliet Vlieland TPM, de Vries-Bouwstra JK. Physical activity in patients with systemic sclerosis. Rheumatol Int 2018; 38:443-453. [PMID: 29151128 PMCID: PMC5847038 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-017-3879-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare self-reported levels of physical activity (PA) of systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients with the general population. To evaluate in SSc patients factors associated with PA levels and needs and preferences regarding PA. METHODS Fifty nine SSc patients completed the Short QUestionnaire to ASsess Health-Enhancing PA. The proportion of patients meeting the Dutch Recommendation for PA (= moderate PA for 30 min on ≥ 5 days/week) and total minutes of PA per week were calculated and compared with similar data from the Dutch population. Characteristics were univariately and multivariately compared between patients with low and high PA levels (either ≤ or > mean minutes/week of the Dutch population). Needs and preferences regarding PA promotion and guidance related to exercise were assessed by questionnaires. RESULTS Stratified for age (< 55 or ≥ 55 years) and gender, the proportion SSc patients meeting the Dutch recommendation for PA was not significantly different from the Dutch population. The total minutes of PA per week was significantly lower among SSc patients (1704 vs. 2614, P < 0.001). Multivariable analyses showed that in SSc patients the male gender, scleroderma health assessment questionnaire (SHAQ) and lack of energy were significantly associated with lower PA levels (P = 0.007; P = 0.042; P = 0.025). Two-third of patients required more information about PA. CONCLUSION In SSc patients, the total minutes of PA per week are significantly lower compared to the general population. The male gender, functional ability as reflected by SHAQ and lack of energy seem to interfere with PA. These results might guide health professionals in providing their patients with appropriate information on PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. I. E. Liem
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Centre, C1-51, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J. M. T. A. Meessen
- Department of Orthopedics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - R. Wolterbeek
- Department of Medical Statistics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - N. Ajmone Marsan
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M. K. Ninaber
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - J. K. de Vries-Bouwstra
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Centre, C1-51, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
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Lung Density and Pulmonary Artery Diameter are Predictors of Pulmonary Hypertension in Systemic Sclerosis. J Thorac Imaging 2017; 32:391-397. [DOI: 10.1097/rti.0000000000000279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Auto-antibodies and cancer in systemic sclerosis. Autoimmun Rev 2017; 16:883-884. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2017.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Boonstra M, Meijs J, Dorjée AL, Marsan NA, Schouffoer A, Ninaber MK, Quint KD, Bonte-Mineur F, Huizinga TWJ, Scherer HU, de Vries-Bouwstra JK. Rituximab in early systemic sclerosis. RMD Open 2017; 3:e000384. [PMID: 28879049 PMCID: PMC5574444 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2016-000384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES (1) Hypothesis testing of the potency of rituximab (RTX) in preventing fibrotic complications and (2) assessing acceptability and feasibility of RTX in early systemic sclerosis (SSc). METHODS A small, 24-month, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-centre trial in patients with SSc diagnosed <2 years was conducted. Patients received RTX or placebo infusions at t=0, t=15 days and t=6 months. Patients were clinically evaluated every 3 months, with lung function tests and high-resolution CT every other visit. Skin biopsies were taken at baseline and month 3. Immunophenotyping of peripheral blood mononuclear cells was performed at every visit, except at months 9 and 18. Adverse events, course of skin and pulmonary involvement and B cell populations in skin and peripheral blood were evaluated. RESULTS In total 16, patients (rituximab n=8, placebo n=8) were included. Twelve patients had diffuse cutaneous SSc. Eighty-eight adverse events (RTX n=53, placebo n=35, p=0.22) and 11 serious adverse events (RTX n=7, placebo n=4, p=0.36) occurred. No unexpected RTX-related events were observed. Mean skin score over time did not differ between the groups. Over time, forced vital capacity and extent of lung involvement slightly improved with RTX, but this difference was insignificant. In peripheral blood B cells depletion was demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS No unexpected safety issues were observed with RTX in early SSc. Although this small trial could not confirm or reject potential efficacy of RTX in these patients, future placebo-controlled trials are warranted, specifically in the subgroup of patients with pulmonary involvement. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER EudraCT 2008-07180-16; Results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaike Boonstra
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jessica Meijs
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Annemarie L Dorjée
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nina Ajmone Marsan
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Schouffoer
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Rheumatology, Haga Hospital, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten K Ninaber
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Koen D Quint
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Femke Bonte-Mineur
- Department of Rheumatology, Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tom W J Huizinga
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hans U Scherer
- Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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