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Roberts M, Ogden J, Hossain ASM, Chaturvedi A, Kerr ARW, Dive C, Beane JE, Lopez-Garcia C. Interrogating the precancerous evolution of pathway dysfunction in lung squamous cell carcinoma using XTABLE. eLife 2023; 12:e77507. [PMID: 36892933 PMCID: PMC10038660 DOI: 10.7554/elife.77507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is a type of lung cancer with a dismal prognosis that lacks adequate therapies and actionable targets. This disease is characterized by a sequence of low- and high-grade preinvasive stages with increasing probability of malignant progression. Increasing our knowledge about the biology of these premalignant lesions (PMLs) is necessary to design new methods of early detection and prevention, and to identify the molecular processes that are key for malignant progression. To facilitate this research, we have designed XTABLE (Exploring Transcriptomes of Bronchial Lesions), an open-source application that integrates the most extensive transcriptomic databases of PMLs published so far. With this tool, users can stratify samples using multiple parameters and interrogate PML biology in multiple manners, such as two- and multiple-group comparisons, interrogation of genes of interests, and transcriptional signatures. Using XTABLE, we have carried out a comparative study of the potential role of chromosomal instability scores as biomarkers of PML progression and mapped the onset of the most relevant LUSC pathways to the sequence of LUSC developmental stages. XTABLE will critically facilitate new research for the identification of early detection biomarkers and acquire a better understanding of the LUSC precancerous stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Roberts
- Cancer Biomarker Centre, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of ManchesterMacclesfieldUnited Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of ExcellenceAlderley ParkUnited Kingdom
| | - Julia Ogden
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of ExcellenceAlderley ParkUnited Kingdom
- Translational Lung Cancer Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of ManchesterMacclesfieldUnited Kingdom
| | - AS Mukarram Hossain
- Cancer Biomarker Centre, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of ManchesterMacclesfieldUnited Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of ExcellenceAlderley ParkUnited Kingdom
| | - Anshuman Chaturvedi
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of ExcellenceAlderley ParkUnited Kingdom
- Department of Histopathology, The Christie HospitalManchesterUnited Kingdom
| | - Alastair RW Kerr
- Cancer Biomarker Centre, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of ManchesterMacclesfieldUnited Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of ExcellenceAlderley ParkUnited Kingdom
| | - Caroline Dive
- Cancer Biomarker Centre, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of ManchesterMacclesfieldUnited Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of ExcellenceAlderley ParkUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Carlos Lopez-Garcia
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of ExcellenceAlderley ParkUnited Kingdom
- Translational Lung Cancer Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of ManchesterMacclesfieldUnited Kingdom
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Smesseim I, van Boerdonk RA, Dickhoff C, Heineman DJ, Dahele MR, Radonic T, Bahce I, Rauh SP, Comans EFI, Daniels HJMA. Focal 18 F-FDG uptake predicts progression of pre-invasive squamous bronchial lesions to invasive cancers. Thorac Cancer 2023; 14:840-847. [PMID: 36802171 PMCID: PMC10040284 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pre-invasive squamous lesions of the central airways can progress into invasive lung cancers. Identifying these high-risk patients could enable detection of invasive lung cancers at an early stage. In this study, we investigated the value of 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18 F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) scans in predicting progression in patients with pre-invasive squamous endobronchial lesions. METHODS In this retrospective study, patients with pre-invasive endobronchial lesions, who underwent an 18 F-FDG PET scan at the VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, between January 2000 and December 2016, were included. Autofluorescence bronchoscopy (AFB) was used for tissue sampling and was repeated every 3 months. The minimum and median follow-up was 3 and 46.5 months. Study endpoints were the occurrence of biopsy proven invasive carcinoma, time-to-progression and overall survival (OS). RESULTS A total number of 40 of 225 patients met the inclusion criteria of which 17 (42.5%) patients had a positive baseline 18 F-FDG PET scan. A total of 13 of 17 (76.5%) developed invasive lung carcinoma during follow-up, with a median time to progression of 5.0 months (range, 3.0-25.0). In 23 (57.5%) patients with a negative 18 F-FDG PET scan at baseline, 6 (26%) developed lung cancer, with a median time to progression of 34.0 months (range, 14.0-42.0 months, p < 0.002). With a median OS of 56.0 months (range, 9.0-60.0 months) versus 49.0 months (range, 6.0-60.0 months) (p = 0.876) for the 18 F-FDG PET positive and negative groups, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Patients with pre-invasive endobronchial squamous lesions and a positive baseline 18 F-FDG PET scan were at high-risk for developing lung carcinoma, highlighting that this patient group requires early radical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Illaa Smesseim
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location Free University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert A van Boerdonk
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chris Dickhoff
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David J Heineman
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Max R Dahele
- Department of Radiotherapy, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Teodora Radonic
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Idris Bahce
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location Free University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Simone P Rauh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Emile F I Comans
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hans J M A Daniels
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location Free University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Mapping lung squamous cell carcinoma pathogenesis through in vitro and in vivo models. Commun Biol 2021; 4:937. [PMID: 34354223 PMCID: PMC8342622 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02470-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the main cause of cancer death worldwide, with lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) being the second most frequent subtype. Preclinical LUSC models recapitulating human disease pathogenesis are key for the development of early intervention approaches and improved therapies. Here, we review advances and challenges in the generation of LUSC models, from 2D and 3D cultures, to murine models. We discuss how molecular profiling of premalignant lesions and invasive LUSC has contributed to the refinement of in vitro and in vivo models, and in turn, how these systems have increased our understanding of LUSC biology and therapeutic vulnerabilities.
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4
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SOX2 and squamous cancers. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 67:154-167. [PMID: 32905832 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
SOX2 is a pleiotropic nuclear transcription factor with major roles in stem cell biology and in development. Over the last 10 years SOX2 has also been implicated as a lineage-specific oncogene, notably in squamous carcinomas but also neurological tumours, particularly glioblastoma. Squamous carcinomas (SQCs) comprise a common group of malignancies for which there are no targeted therapeutic interventions. In this article we review the molecular epidemiological and laboratory evidence linking SOX2 with squamous carcinogenesis, explore in detail the multifaceted impact of SOX2 in SQC, describe areas of uncertainty and highlight areas for potential future research.
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5
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Teixeira VH, Pipinikas CP, Pennycuick A, Lee-Six H, Chandrasekharan D, Beane J, Morris TJ, Karpathakis A, Feber A, Breeze CE, Ntolios P, Hynds RE, Falzon M, Capitanio A, Carroll B, Durrenberger PF, Hardavella G, Brown JM, Lynch AG, Farmery H, Paul DS, Chambers RC, McGranahan N, Navani N, Thakrar RM, Swanton C, Beck S, George PJ, Spira A, Campbell PJ, Thirlwell C, Janes SM. Deciphering the genomic, epigenomic, and transcriptomic landscapes of pre-invasive lung cancer lesions. Nat Med 2019; 25:517-525. [PMID: 30664780 PMCID: PMC7614970 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-018-0323-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The molecular alterations that occur in cells before cancer is manifest are largely uncharted. Lung carcinoma in situ (CIS) lesions are the pre-invasive precursor to squamous cell carcinoma. Although microscopically identical, their future is in equipoise, with half progressing to invasive cancer and half regressing or remaining static. The cellular basis of this clinical observation is unknown. Here, we profile the genomic, transcriptomic, and epigenomic landscape of CIS in a unique patient cohort with longitudinally monitored pre-invasive disease. Predictive modeling identifies which lesions will progress with remarkable accuracy. We identify progression-specific methylation changes on a background of widespread heterogeneity, alongside a strong chromosomal instability signature. We observed mutations and copy number changes characteristic of cancer and chart their emergence, offering a window into early carcinogenesis. We anticipate that this new understanding of cancer precursor biology will improve early detection, reduce overtreatment, and foster preventative therapies targeting early clonal events in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor H Teixeira
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK
| | - Christodoulos P Pipinikas
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK
- Research Department of Cancer Biology and Medical Genomics Laboratory, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Adam Pennycuick
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK
| | - Henry Lee-Six
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Deepak Chandrasekharan
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jennifer Beane
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tiffany J Morris
- Research Department of Cancer Biology and Medical Genomics Laboratory, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Anna Karpathakis
- Research Department of Cancer Biology and Medical Genomics Laboratory, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Andrew Feber
- Research Department of Cancer Biology and Medical Genomics Laboratory, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Charles E Breeze
- Research Department of Cancer Biology and Medical Genomics Laboratory, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Paschalis Ntolios
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK
| | - Robert E Hynds
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK
- CRUK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, UCL Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Mary Falzon
- Department of Pathology, University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Arrigo Capitanio
- Department of Pathology, University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Bernadette Carroll
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, University College London Hospital, London, UK
| | - Pascal F Durrenberger
- Center for Inflammation and Tissue Repair, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK
| | - Georgia Hardavella
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, University College London Hospital, London, UK
| | - James M Brown
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK
| | - Andy G Lynch
- Computational Biology and Statistics Laboratory, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Cambridge, UK
- School of Medicine/School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
| | - Henry Farmery
- Computational Biology and Statistics Laboratory, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dirk S Paul
- Research Department of Cancer Biology and Medical Genomics Laboratory, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Rachel C Chambers
- Center for Inflammation and Tissue Repair, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Neal Navani
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, University College London Hospital, London, UK
| | - Ricky M Thakrar
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, University College London Hospital, London, UK
| | - Charles Swanton
- CRUK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, UCL Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Stephan Beck
- Research Department of Cancer Biology and Medical Genomics Laboratory, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Avrum Spira
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Johnson and Johnson Innovation, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Peter J Campbell
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Christina Thirlwell
- Research Department of Cancer Biology and Medical Genomics Laboratory, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sam M Janes
- Lungs for Living Research Centre, UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK.
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, University College London Hospital, London, UK.
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Preinvasive disease of the airway. Cancer Treat Rev 2017; 58:77-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Correia LL, Johnson JA, McErlean P, Bauer J, Farah H, Rassl DM, Rintoul RC, Sethi T, Lavender P, Rawlins EL, Littlewood TD, Evan GI, McCaughan FM. SOX2 Drives Bronchial Dysplasia in a Novel Organotypic Model of Early Human Squamous Lung Cancer. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 195:1494-1508. [PMID: 28199128 PMCID: PMC5470746 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201510-2084oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Improving the early detection and chemoprevention of lung cancer are key to improving outcomes. The pathobiology of early squamous lung cancer is poorly understood. We have shown that amplification of sex-determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2) is an early and consistent event in the pathogenesis of this disease, but its functional oncogenic potential remains uncertain. We tested the impact of deregulated SOX2 expression in a novel organotypic system that recreates the molecular and microenvironmental context in which squamous carcinogenesis occurs. OBJECTIVES (1) To develop an in vitro model of bronchial dysplasia that recapitulates key molecular and phenotypic characteristics of the human disease; (2) to test the hypothesis that SOX2 deregulation is a key early event in the pathogenesis of bronchial dysplasia; and (3) to use the model for studies on pathogenesis and chemoprevention. METHODS We engineered the inducible activation of oncogenes in immortalized bronchial epithelial cells. We used three-dimensional tissue culture to build an organotypic model of bronchial dysplasia. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS We recapitulated human bronchial dysplasia in vitro. SOX2 deregulation drives dysplasia, and loss of tumor promoter 53 is a cooperating genetic event that potentiates the dysplastic phenotype. Deregulated SOX2 alters critical genes implicated in hallmarks of cancer progression. Targeted inhibition of AKT prevents the initiation of the dysplastic phenotype. CONCLUSIONS In the appropriate genetic and microenvironmental context, acute deregulation of SOX2 drives bronchial dysplasia. This confirms its oncogenic potential in human cells and affords novel insights into the impact of SOX2 deregulation. This model can be used to test therapeutic agents aimed at chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Peter McErlean
- Department of Asthma, Allergy, and Lung Biology, Guy’s Hospital, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Julien Bauer
- Cambridge Genomic Services, Department of Pathology, and
| | - Hassan Farah
- Department of Asthma, Allergy, and Lung Biology, Guy’s Hospital, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | | | - Robert C. Rintoul
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Papworth Hospital Foundation National Health Service Trust, Papworth Everard, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tariq Sethi
- Department of Asthma, Allergy, and Lung Biology, Guy’s Hospital, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Paul Lavender
- Department of Asthma, Allergy, and Lung Biology, Guy’s Hospital, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | | | | | | | - Frank M. McCaughan
- Department of Biochemistry
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Asthma, Allergy, and Lung Biology, Guy’s Hospital, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom; and
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8
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Kim BR, Van de Laar E, Cabanero M, Tarumi S, Hasenoeder S, Wang D, Virtanen C, Suzuki T, Bandarchi B, Sakashita S, Pham NA, Lee S, Keshavjee S, Waddell TK, Tsao MS, Moghal N. SOX2 and PI3K Cooperate to Induce and Stabilize a Squamous-Committed Stem Cell Injury State during Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Pathogenesis. PLoS Biol 2016; 14:e1002581. [PMID: 27880766 PMCID: PMC5120804 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cancers are considered stem cell diseases, mechanisms involving stem cell alterations are poorly understood. Squamous cell carcinoma (SQCC) is the second most common lung cancer, and its pathogenesis appears to hinge on changes in the stem cell behavior of basal cells in the bronchial airways. Basal cells are normally quiescent and differentiate into mucociliary epithelia. Smoking triggers a hyperproliferative response resulting in progressive premalignant epithelial changes ranging from squamous metaplasia to dysplasia. These changes can regress naturally, even with chronic smoking. However, for unknown reasons, dysplasias have higher progression rates than earlier stages. We used primary human tracheobronchial basal cells to investigate how copy number gains in SOX2 and PIK3CA at 3q26-28, which co-occur in dysplasia and are observed in 94% of SQCCs, may promote progression. We find that SOX2 cooperates with PI3K signaling, which is activated by smoking, to initiate the squamous injury response in basal cells. This response involves SOX9 repression, and, accordingly, SOX2 and PI3K signaling levels are high during dysplasia, while SOX9 is not expressed. By contrast, during regeneration of mucociliary epithelia, PI3K signaling is low and basal cells transiently enter a SOX2LoSOX9Hi state, with SOX9 promoting proliferation and preventing squamous differentiation. Transient reduction in SOX2 is necessary for ciliogenesis, although SOX2 expression later rises and drives mucinous differentiation, as SOX9 levels decline. Frequent coamplification of SOX2 and PIK3CA in dysplasia may, thus, promote progression by locking basal cells in a SOX2HiSOX9Lo state with active PI3K signaling, which sustains the squamous injury response while precluding normal mucociliary differentiation. Surprisingly, we find that, although later in invasive carcinoma SOX9 is generally expressed at low levels, its expression is higher in a subset of SQCCs with less squamous identity and worse clinical outcome. We propose that early pathogenesis of most SQCCs involves stabilization of the squamous injury state in stem cells through copy number gains at 3q, with the pro-proliferative activity of SOX9 possibly being exploited in a subset of SQCCs in later stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ram Kim
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emily Van de Laar
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Cabanero
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shintaro Tarumi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stefan Hasenoeder
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dennis Wang
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carl Virtanen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Takaya Suzuki
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bizhan Bandarchi
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shingo Sakashita
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nhu An Pham
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sharon Lee
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shaf Keshavjee
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas K. Waddell
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ming-Sound Tsao
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nadeem Moghal
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Lam S, Szabo E. Preinvasive Endobronchial Lesions: Lung Cancer Precursors and Risk Markers? Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2016; 192:1411-3. [PMID: 26669471 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201508-1668ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Lam
- 1 British Columbia Cancer Agency Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,2 University of British Columbia Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada and.,3 National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Rockville, Maryland
| | - Eva Szabo
- 1 British Columbia Cancer Agency Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,2 University of British Columbia Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada and.,3 National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Rockville, Maryland
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10
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Rosell A, Rodríguez N, Monsó E, Taron M, Millares L, Ramírez JL, López-Lisbona R, Cubero N, Andreo F, Sanz J, Llatjós M, Llatjós R, Fernández-Figueras MT, Mate JL, Català I, Setó L, Roset M, Díez-Ferrer M, Dorca J. Aberrant gene methylation and bronchial dysplasia in high risk lung cancer patients. Lung Cancer 2016; 94:102-7. [PMID: 26973214 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The risk for lung cancer is incremented in high degree dysplasia (HGD) and in subjects with hypermethylation of multiple genes. We sought to establish the association between them, as well as to analyze the DNA aberrant methylation in sputum and in bronchial washings (BW). METHODS Cross sectional study of high risk patients for lung cancer in whom induced sputum and autofluorescence bronchoscopy were performed. The molecular analysis was determined on DAPK1, RASSF1A and p16 genes using Methylation-specific PCR. RESULTS A total of 128 patients were enrolled in the study. Dysplasia lesions were found in 79 patients (61.7%) and high grade dysplasia in 20 (15.6%). Ninety eight patients out of 128 underwent molecular analysis. Methylation was observed in bronchial secretions (sputum or BW) in 60 patients (61.2%), 51 of them (52%) for DAPK1, in 20 (20.4%) for p16 and in three (3.1%) for RASSF1A. Methylated genes only found in sputum accounted for 38.3% and only in BW in 41.7%, and in both 20.0%. In the 11.2% of the patients studied, HGD and a hypermethylated gene were present, while for the 55.1% of the sample only one of both was detected and for the rest of the subjects (33.6%), none of the risk factors were observed. CONCLUSIONS Our data determines DNA aberrant methylation panel in bronchial secretions is present in a 61.2% and HGD is found in 15.6%. Although both parameters have previously been identified as risk factors for lung cancer, the current study does not find a significative association between them. The study also highlights the importance of BW as a complementary sample to induced sputum when analyzing gene aberrant methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rosell
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Bunyola, Mallorca, Spain.
| | - N Rodríguez
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Comarcal de l'Alt Penedès, Vilafranca, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Bunyola, Mallorca, Spain
| | - E Monsó
- Deparment of Respiratory Medicine, Fundació Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Bunyola, Mallorca, Spain
| | - M Taron
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Millares
- Fundació Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J L Ramírez
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R López-Lisbona
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Bunyola, Mallorca, Spain
| | - N Cubero
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Bunyola, Mallorca, Spain
| | - F Andreo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Bunyola, Mallorca, Spain
| | - J Sanz
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Bunyola, Mallorca, Spain
| | - M Llatjós
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Llatjós
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M T Fernández-Figueras
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J L Mate
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Català
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Setó
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Roset
- IMS Health, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Díez-Ferrer
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Bunyola, Mallorca, Spain
| | - J Dorca
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Bunyola, Mallorca, Spain
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van Boerdonk RAA, Smesseim I, Heideman DAM, Coupé VMH, Tio D, Grünberg K, Thunnissen E, Snijders PJF, Postmus PE, Smit EF, Daniels JMA, Sutedja TG. Close Surveillance with Long-Term Follow-up of Subjects with Preinvasive Endobronchial Lesions. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2015; 192:1483-9. [DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201504-0822oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Cao Y, Liu Y, Yang X, Liu X, Han N, Zhang K, Lin D. Estimation of the Survival of Patients With Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using Genomic Copy Number Aberrations. Clin Lung Cancer 2015; 17:68-74.e5. [PMID: 26427646 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estimation of the survival of patients with lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) on the basis of histopathology is inadequate. The aim of this study was to identify genomic regions with potential value for estimating the prognosis of these patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Depending on their survival time, 100 patients with primary lung SCC were separated into high- or low-risk prognostic groups, and their copy number aberrations (CNAs) were analyzed using array-comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH). RESULTS We identified 123 CNA regions that were significantly associated with survival. Among these regions, some have been reported previously (eg, amplifications of 8p12, 3q27.1, and loss of 9p21.3 and 13q34) but others have never been reported. For example, gains of 3q27.1, 5p13.2, and 5p13.3 were found to be associated with a favorable prognosis, but patients harboring gains of 11q23.3, 11q13.1, and 14q32.3, and deletions of 3p21.3 and 9p21.3 tended to have poor survival. Among the 123 CNA regions, 41 were further selected to construct a survival estimation model that could effectively separate SCC patients into high- or low-risk groups with an accuracy of 92%, sensitivity of 90%, and specificity of 94%. The results of the array-CGH were further validated in an independent cohort of 45 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens using real-time polymerase chain reaction. CONCLUSION A number of CNA regions were found to be associated with the survival of SCC patients, and we were able to construct a model to estimate prognosis on the basis of these regions. Assessment of these CNAs could potentially assist in clinical decision-making regarding adjuvant therapy after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cao
- Department of Pathology, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer Institute (Hospital), Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute (Hospital), Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China; Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - XiangYang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute (Hospital), Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Naijun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer Institute (Hospital), Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Kaitai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer Institute (Hospital), Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Dongmei Lin
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, P.R. China.
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