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Bozkurt B, Ulkar D, Nurlu N, Coban G, Gumus ZP, Unver-Somer N. Variability of Isoquinoline Alkaloid Profiles and Anticholinesterase Activities with Binding-Mode Predictions of Glaucium flavum Population. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301865. [PMID: 38415909 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
In this study, phytochemical and biological activity studies supported by docking were carried out on a species of the genus Glaucium, a repository of isoquinoline alkaloids. The GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) method is used to characterize the isoquinoline alkaloids of Glaucium flavum Crantz. (Papaveraceae). G. flavum was collected from seven different regions of Türkiye (Antalya, Urla-Izmir, Mordogan-Izmir, Mugla, Assos-Canakkale, Karabiga-Canakkale, Giresun) and totally 17 compounds were detected by GC-MS. Glaucine was found to be the major constituent in the sample collected from Mugla, whereas isocorydine was recorded to be the principal alkaloid in other samples. Further fractionation studies on G. flavum collected from Antalya province in Southwestern Türkiye, yielded five major alkaloids (isocorydine 1, dihydrosanguinarine 2, glaucine 3, dehydroglaucine 4, protopine 5) which were characterized by spectroscopic methods. Anticholinesterase activities of the extracts and isolated alkaloids were also tested by in vitro Ellman method. The isolated compounds were also analyzed by a molecular docking technique to determine the binding orientations in the gorge of the active site of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and a homology model of butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). This is the first comparative investigation of the phytochemical composition and biodiversity of Glaucium flavum species growing in Türkiye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buket Bozkurt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Duygu Ulkar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Necati Nurlu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Gunes Coban
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Zinar Pinar Gumus
- Ege University, Central Research Test and Analysis Laboratory Application and Research Center (EGE-MATAL), Ege University, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Nehir Unver-Somer
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Türkiye
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Haughan JE, Missanelli JR, You Y, Stefanovski D, Soma LR, Robinson MA. Pharmacokinetics of glaucine after intravenous and oral administrations and detection of systemic aporphine alkaloids after ingestion of tulip poplar shavings in horses. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2022; 45:273-282. [PMID: 35394081 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Glaucine, an aporphine alkaloid with anti-tussive, anti-inflammatory, and anti-nociceptive properties, has been identified in post-race samples from racehorses. To investigate pharmacokinetics of glaucine in horses, a three-way crossover study of intravenous and oral glaucine (0.1 mg/kg) and orally administered tulip poplar shavings (50 g shavings = 0.001 mg/kg glaucine) was performed in six horses. A two-compartment model best described IV administration with alpha ( t 1 / 2 α $$ {t}_{1/2\alpha } $$ ) and beta ( t 1 / 2 β $$ {t}_{1/2\beta } $$ ) half-life lives of 0.3 (0.1-0.7) and 3.1 (2.4-7.8) h, respectively. The area under the curve ( AUC 0 ∞ $$ {\mathrm{AUC}}_0^{\infty } $$ iv ) was 45.4 (34.7-52.3) h*ng/ml, and the volume of distribution of the central (Vdc ) and peripheral (Vdp ) compartments was 2.7 (1.3-4.6) and 4.9 (4.3-8.2) L/kg, respectively. A one compartment model best described the oral administration of glaucine with absorption ( t 1 / 2 ka $$ {t}_{1/2 ka} $$ ) and elimination ( t 1 / 2 kel $$ {t}_{1/2 kel} $$ ) half-lives of 0.09 (0.05-0.15) and 0.7 (0.6-0.8) h, respectively. The area under the curve ( AUC 0 ∞ $$ {\mathrm{AUC}}_0^{\infty } $$ PO ) was 15.1 (8.0-19.5) h·ng/ml. Bioavailability following oral administration was 17%-48%. Following ingestion of shavings, glaucine and liriodenine were detectable in plasma for up to 16 and 48 h, respectively. Glaucine was quantifiable briefly in the urine from two horses. Liriodenine was quantifiable in urine for 12-20 h in four horses and for 48 h in two horses. The presence of liriodenine indicates ingestion of tulip poplar tree parts, however, does not rule out co-administration of purified glaucine in horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne E Haughan
- Department of Clinical Studies - New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jaclyn R Missanelli
- Department of Clinical Studies - New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA.,PA Equine Toxicology & Research Laboratory, West Chester, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Youwen You
- Department of Clinical Studies - New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA.,PA Equine Toxicology & Research Laboratory, West Chester, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Darko Stefanovski
- Department of Clinical Studies - New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lawrence R Soma
- Department of Clinical Studies - New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mary A Robinson
- Department of Clinical Studies - New Bolton Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA.,PA Equine Toxicology & Research Laboratory, West Chester, Pennsylvania, USA
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Bozkurt B, Ulkar D, Nurlu N, Kaya GI, Unver-Somer N. Chemical profile, acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, and prolyl oligopeptidase inhibitory activity of Glaucium corniculatum subsp. refractum. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e20464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
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Lazarova M, Dimitrov K. Selective Recovery of Alkaloids fromGlaucium Flavum CrantzUsing Integrated Process Extraction-Pertraction. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/01496390802391197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Pons R, Santamaría P, Suchankova J, Cortijo J, Morcillo EJ. Effects of inhaled glaucine on pulmonary responses to antigen in sensitized guinea pigs. Eur J Pharmacol 2000; 397:187-95. [PMID: 10844113 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(00)00224-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The alkaloid (S)-(+)-1,2,9,10-tetramethoxyaporphine (glaucine) is a phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor with bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro. In this study, we examined the in vivo effects of glaucine on an animal model of asthma. In ovalbumin sensitized guinea pigs, inhaled glaucine (10 mg ml(-1), 3 min) inhibited the acute bronchoconstriction produced by aerosol antigen (antigen response was 256+/-42 and 95+/-14 cm H(2)O l(-1) s(-1) in control and glaucine-treated animals, respectively; P<0.05). Pretreatment with glaucine (10 mg ml(-1), 10 min inhalation, 30 min pre- and 3 h post-antigen exposure) markedly reduced airway hyperreactivity to histamine, eosinophil lung accumulation, and increased eosinophil peroxidase activity in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid 24 h after exposure of conscious guinea pigs to aerosol antigen. In addition, inhaled glaucine (5-10 mg ml(-1), 3 min) inhibited the microvascular leakage produced after inhaled antigen at all airway levels. These data support the potential interest of phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors in asthma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pons
- Departament de Farmacologia, Facultat de Medicina i Odontologia, Universitat de València, Av. Blasco Ibáñez 15, E-46010, Valencia, Spain
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Cortijo J, Villagrasa V, Pons R, Berto L, Martí-Cabrera M, Martinez-Losa M, Domenech T, Beleta J, Morcillo EJ. Bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory activities of glaucine: In vitro studies in human airway smooth muscle and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Br J Pharmacol 1999; 127:1641-51. [PMID: 10455321 PMCID: PMC1566148 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0702702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
1. Selective phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors are of potential interest in the treatment of asthma. We examined the effects of the alkaloid S-(+)-glaucine, a PDE4 inhibitor, on human isolated bronchus and granulocyte function. 2. Glaucine selectively inhibited PDE4 from human bronchus and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) in a non-competitive manner (Ki=3.4 microM). Glaucine displaced [3H]-rolipram from its high-affinity binding sites in rat brain cortex membranes (IC50 approximately 100 microM). 3. Glaucine inhibited the spontaneous and histamine-induced tone in human isolated bronchus (pD2 approximately 4.5). Glaucine (10 microM) did not potentiate the isoprenaline-induced relaxation but augmented cyclic AMP accumulation by isoprenaline. The glaucine-induced relaxation was resistant to H-89, a protein kinase A inhibitor. Glaucine depressed the contractile responses to Ca2+ (pD'2 approximately 3.62) and reduced the sustained rise of [Ca2+]i produced by histamine in cultured human airway smooth muscle cells (-log IC50 approximately 4.3). 4. Glaucine augmented cyclic AMP levels in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes challenged with N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (FMLP) or isoprenaline, and inhibited FMLP-induced superoxide generation, elastase release, leukotriene B4 production, [Ca2+]i signal and platelet aggregation as well as opsonized zymosan-, phorbol myristate acetate-, and A23187-induced superoxide release. The inhibitory effect of glaucine on superoxide generation by FMLP was reduced by H-89. 5. In conclusion, Ca2+ channel antagonism by glaucine appears mainly responsible for the relaxant effect of glaucine in human isolated bronchus while PDE4 inhibition contributes to the inhibitory effects of glaucine in human granulocytes. The very low PDE4/binding site ratio found for glaucine makes this compound attractive for further structure-activity studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cortijo
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Facultat de Medicina i Odontologia, Universitat de València, Av. Blasco Ibáñez 15, E-46010 València, Spain.
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