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De Koster J, Tena JK, Stegemann MR. Treatment of bovine respiratory disease with a single administration of tulathromycin and ketoprofen. Vet Rec 2021; 190:e834. [PMID: 34476817 DOI: 10.1002/vetr.834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The therapeutic strategy of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) often involves a combination of an antibiotic with an anti-inflammatory agent. Aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical effect of a new combination product containing tulathromycin and ketoprofen for the treatment of naturally occurring BRD. METHODS Two hundred and eighty animals were randomized upon diagnosis of BRD. One hundred forty animals each were treated once subcutaneously with tulathromycin-ketoprofen or tulathromycin. Rectal temperature of each animal was measured at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 24 h post-treatment. Individual respiration and depression scores were determined at 6 h post-treatment. Daily rectal temperature, respiration and depression scores were recorded from day 2 to 14 and on day 21. RESULTS The tulathromycin-ketoprofen and tulathromycin treatment group demonstrated a treatment success rate of 94.2% and 95.0%, respectively and a relapse rate of 3.8% and 4.0%, respectively. Tulathromycin-ketoprofen demonstrated superior pyrexia control compared to tulathromycin within the first 24 h following treatment. Tulathromycin-ketoprofen-treated animals demonstrated faster improvement of their clinical symptoms (respiration and depression score). CONCLUSION Efficacy of tulathromycin-ketoprofen for the treatment of BRD was non-inferior to tulathromycin. The combination product clearly exhibited more pronounced fever control than tulathromycin which is considered beneficial for animal welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenne De Koster
- Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis, Zaventem, Belgium
| | - Jezaniah-Kira Tena
- Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis, Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA
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Fang Y, Li S, Ye L, Yi J, Li X, Gao C, Wu F, Guo B. Increased bioaffinity and anti-inflammatory activity of florfenicol nanocrystals by wet grinding method. J Microencapsul 2019; 37:109-120. [PMID: 31814493 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2019.1701115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Context: The main objective of the current study is to improve the water solubility of florfenicol (FF) and evaluate changes in its pharmacokinetics and anti-inflammatory activity.Materials and methods: Florfenicol nanocrystals (FF-NC) were prepared by wet grinding combined with spray drying. The characterisations, pharmacokinetics, and anti-inflammatory activity of FF-NC were evaluated.Results: The particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential of FF-NC were 276.4 ± 19.4 nm, 0.166 ± 0.011, and -18.66 ± 5.25 mV, respectively. Compared with FF, FF-NC showed a better dissolution rate in media at different pH. Pharmacokinetic experiments showed the area under the curve (AUC0-t), maximum concentration (Cmax), and mean residence time (MRT) of FF-NC were about 4.62-fold, 2.86-fold, and 1.68-fold higher compared with FF, respectively. In vitro anti-inflammatory experiments showed that FF inhibited the secretion of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and synthesis of NO in a dose-dependent manner, while FF-NC showed a stronger anti-inflammatory effect than FF under the same dose.Conclusion: FF-NC are an effective way to improve the bioaffinity and anti-inflammatory effects of FF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Fang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuqi Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Ye
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Yi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chongkai Gao
- Guangdong Run Hua Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Jieyang, China
| | - Fang Wu
- Guangdong Run Hua Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Jieyang, China
| | - Bohong Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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3
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Hussein HA, Binici C, Staufenbiel R. Comparative evaluation of ultrasonography with clinical respiratory score in diagnosis and prognosis of respiratory diseases in weaned dairy buffalo and cattle calves. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2018; 60:29. [PMID: 30524751 PMCID: PMC6276192 DOI: 10.1186/s40781-018-0187-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Respiratory troubles have economic impacts in countries where livestock industry is an important segment of the agricultural sector, as well as these problems may cause significant economic losses for bovine producers. Various practical methods are used to assess diseases that affect the bovine respiratory system. Ultrasonography is a noninvasive tool that has been used frequently in diagnosis of various animal diseases. The present study was designed to establish whether thoracic ultrasonography is a diagnostic tool for detection of respiratory troubles in weaned buffalo and cattle calves, as well as to assess its prognostic value in comparison with clinical respiratory scores. Thirty five (15 buffalo and 20 cattle) calves were included. Twelve (6 buffalo and 6 cattle) clinically healthy calves were enrolled as controls. Results Based on physical examinations, clinical respiratory scores (CRS), ultrasound lung scores (ULS) and postmortem findings, animals were classified into 4 groups as pulmonary emphysema (n = 8), interstitial pulmonary syndrome (n = 7), bronchopneumonia (n = 12), and pleurisy (n = 8). The mean values of CRS and ULS were significantly higher in diseased calves (P < 0.01). In calves with pulmonary emphysema and interstitial syndrome, thoracic ultrasonography revealed numerous comet-tail artifacts, which varied in numbers and imaging features. Furthermore, variable degrees of pulmonary consolidation with alveolograms and bronchograms were noticed in bronchopneumonic calves. In addition, thick irregular or fragmented pleura with pleural effusions and fibrin shreds were imaged in calves with pleurisy. A weak correlation was calculated between CRS and ULS (r = 0.55, P < 0.01). Hematologically, the counts of white blood cells, activities of aspartate aminotransferase and partial tensions of carbon dioxide were significantly increased in all diseased groups. Serum concentrations of total globulins were higher in claves with bronchopneumonia (P < 0.05). The partial tension of oxygen was decreased in all diseased calves (P < 0.05). Conclusions Thoracic ultrasonography is a diagnostic tool for various lung troubles and assessment the grade and severity of pulmonary diseases, as well as it can be used as a follow-up tool for evaluating the prognosis of respiratory troubles and monitoring the efficacy of therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein Awad Hussein
- 1Internal Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526 Egypt
| | - Cagri Binici
- 2Klinik für Klauentiere, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rudolf Staufenbiel
- 2Klinik für Klauentiere, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, Germany
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Achard D, Caruso-Vares A, Collin JF, McKelvie J, Reddick D, Ramage C. Treatment of experimentally induced bovine respiratory disease in young calves with a single administration of a combination of florfenicol and meloxicam. Vet Rec 2018; 183:535. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.104795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Zhang Q, Tang SS, Qian MY, Wei L, Zhou D, Zhang ZJ, He JK, Zhang QJ, Zhu P, Xiao XL. Nanoemulsion formulation of florfenicol improves bioavailability in pigs. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2015; 39:84-9. [DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Q. Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; College of Veterinary Medicine; China Agricultural University; Beijing China
| | - S.-S. Tang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; College of Veterinary Medicine; China Agricultural University; Beijing China
| | - M.-Y. Qian
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; College of Veterinary Medicine; China Agricultural University; Beijing China
| | - L. Wei
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; College of Veterinary Medicine; China Agricultural University; Beijing China
| | - D. Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; College of Veterinary Medicine; China Agricultural University; Beijing China
| | - Z.-J. Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; College of Veterinary Medicine; China Agricultural University; Beijing China
| | - J.-K. He
- College of Animal Science and Technology; Guangxi University; Nanning China
| | - Q.-J. Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; College of Veterinary Medicine; China Agricultural University; Beijing China
| | - P. Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; College of Veterinary Medicine; China Agricultural University; Beijing China
| | - X.-L. Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; College of Veterinary Medicine; China Agricultural University; Beijing China
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Thiry J, González-Martín JV, Elvira L, Pagot E, Voisin F, Lequeux G, Weingarten A, de Haas V. Treatment of naturally occurring bovine respiratory disease in juvenile calves with a single administration of a florfenicol plus flunixin meglumine formulation. Vet Rec 2014; 174:430. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.102017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Thiry
- MSD Animal Health Innovation; Beaucouzé 49071 France
| | | | - L. Elvira
- Trialvet S.L.; Cabanillas de la Sierra 2872 Spain
| | - E. Pagot
- Centre Technique des Productions Animales; Ploufragan 22440 France
| | - F. Voisin
- Centre Technique des Productions Animales; Ploufragan 22440 France
| | - G. Lequeux
- Institut Santé et Agro-Environnement; Fougères 35306 France
| | | | - V. de Haas
- MSD Animal Health Innovation; Beaucouzé 49071 France
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Gautier-Bouchardon AV, Ferré S, Le Grand D, Paoli A, Gay E, Poumarat F. Overall decrease in the susceptibility of Mycoplasma bovis to antimicrobials over the past 30 years in France. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87672. [PMID: 24503775 PMCID: PMC3913625 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma (M.) bovis is frequently implicated in respiratory diseases of young cattle worldwide. Today, to combat M. bovis in Europe, only antimicrobial therapy is available, but often fails, leading to important economical losses. The antimicrobial susceptibility of M. bovis is not covered by antimicrobial resistance surveillance networks. The objectives of this study were to identify resistances that were acquired over the last 30 years in France and to determine their prevalence within contemporary strains. The minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) values of 12 antimicrobials, considered active on M. bovis, were compared, using an agar dilution method, between 27 and 46 M. bovis isolates respectively obtained in 1978-1979 and in 2010-2012 from 73 distinct respiratory disease outbreaks in young cattle all over France. For eight antimicrobials, resistances were proven to be acquired over the period and expressed by all contemporary strains. The increase of the MIC value that inhibited 50% of the isolates (MIC50) was: i) substantial for tylosin, tilmicosin, tulathromycin and spectinomycin, from 2 to >64, 2 to >128, 16 to 128 and 4 to >64 µg/mL, respectively, ii) moderate for enrofloxacin, danofloxacin, marbofloxacin and oxytetracycline, from 0.25 to 0.5, 0.25 to 0.5, 0.5 to 1, 32 to >32 µg/mL, respectively. No differences were observed for gamithromycin, tildipirosin, florfenicol and valnemulin with MIC50 of 128, 128, 8, <0.03 µg/mL, respectively. If referring to breakpoint MIC values published for respiratory bovine pathogens, all contemporary isolates would be intermediate in vivo for fluoroquinolones and resistant to macrolides, oxytetracycline, spectinomycin and florfenicol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne V. Gautier-Bouchardon
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Ploufragan/Plouzané, Unité Mycoplasmologie-Bactériologie, Ploufragan, France
- Université Européenne de Bretagne, Rennes, France
| | - Séverine Ferré
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Ploufragan/Plouzané, Unité Mycoplasmologie-Bactériologie, Ploufragan, France
- Université Européenne de Bretagne, Rennes, France
| | - Dominique Le Grand
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Lyon, UMR Mycoplasmoses des Ruminants, Lyon, France
- Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, UMR Mycoplasmoses des Ruminants, Marcy L’Etoile, France
| | - Agnès Paoli
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Lyon, UMR Mycoplasmoses des Ruminants, Lyon, France
- Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, UMR Mycoplasmoses des Ruminants, Marcy L’Etoile, France
| | - Emilie Gay
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Lyon, Unité Epidémiologie, Lyon, France
| | - François Poumarat
- ANSES, Laboratoire de Lyon, UMR Mycoplasmoses des Ruminants, Lyon, France
- Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, UMR Mycoplasmoses des Ruminants, Marcy L’Etoile, France
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Sidhu P, Rassouli A, Illambas J, Potter T, Pelligand L, Rycroft A, Lees P. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic integration and modelling of florfenicol in calves. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2013; 37:231-42. [DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Sidhu
- The Royal Veterinary College; Hawkshead Campus; Hatfield Hertfordshire UK
| | - A. Rassouli
- The Royal Veterinary College; Hawkshead Campus; Hatfield Hertfordshire UK
| | - J. Illambas
- The Royal Veterinary College; Hawkshead Campus; Hatfield Hertfordshire UK
| | - T. Potter
- The Royal Veterinary College; Hawkshead Campus; Hatfield Hertfordshire UK
| | - L. Pelligand
- The Royal Veterinary College; Hawkshead Campus; Hatfield Hertfordshire UK
| | - A. Rycroft
- The Royal Veterinary College; Hawkshead Campus; Hatfield Hertfordshire UK
| | - P. Lees
- The Royal Veterinary College; Hawkshead Campus; Hatfield Hertfordshire UK
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Watteyn A, Russo E, Garmyn A, De Baere S, Pasmans F, Martel A, Haesebrouck F, Montesissa C, De Backer P, Croubels S. Clinical efficacy of florfenicol administered in the drinking water against Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale in turkeys housed in different environmental conditions: a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic approach. Avian Pathol 2013; 42:474-81. [PMID: 23930788 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2013.823144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In poultry rearing, medicated drinking water is a commonly used administration route, but drug uptake can be affected by many factors. In this study, the influence of two important parameters, the photoperiod and feeding schemes, on florfenicol uptake in turkeys was tested. First, the uptake was determined as the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic profile of florfenicol; and second, we evaluated the clinical efficacy of florfenicol against Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale. Both experiments were conducted during a 5-day treatment of 30 mg/kg body weight florfenicol administered via drinking water and considering different photoperiods and feeding schemes (group 20/4L: photoperiod of 20 h, fed ad libitum; group 16/8L: photoperiod of 16 h, fed ad libitum; group 16/8R: photoperiod of 16 h, fed ad libitum but feed was withdrawn during the dark period and replaced 1 h after lighting). On day 1 of treatment, all groups showed plasma concentrations above the minimum inhibitory concentration (both MIC50 and MIC90, 1 mg/l) of 37.7%, 63.5% and 53.1% of a 24-h interval for 20/4L, 16/8L and 16/8R, respectively. Only in the 16/8L and 16/8R groups was the MIC also exceeded on day 5 (47.9% and 21.5% of a 24-h interval, respectively). In all groups, a clinical improvement could be noticed, resulting in reduction of the clinical score. However, only the 16/8L and 16/8R groups showed significant differences from the control group. The results demonstrated an important influence of the photoperiod on the pharmacokinetics of florfenicol as well as the clinical outcome in an infection model. It can be advised that the photoperiod should be <20 h to have sufficient drug intake. Nevertheless, there was no effect between fed and fasted turkeys for both the pharmacokinetics and the clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneleen Watteyn
- a Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Ghent University , Merelbeke , Belgium
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Scott PR. Clinical presentation, auscultation recordings, ultrasonographic findings and treatment response of 12 adult cattle with chronic suppurative pneumonia: case study. Ir Vet J 2013; 66:5. [PMID: 23547784 PMCID: PMC3671146 DOI: 10.1186/2046-0481-66-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Auscultation is considered the critical component of the veterinary clinical examination for the diagnosis of bovine respiratory disease but the accuracy with which adventitious sounds reflect underlying lung pathology remains largely unproven. Modern portable ultrasound machines provide the veterinary practitioner with an inexpensive, non-invasive tool with which to examine the pleural surfaces and superficial lung parenchyma. Simultaneous recording of sounds overlying normal lung and defined pathology allows critical assessment of auscultated sounds in the same animal removing confounding factors such as respiratory rate and thickness of the chest wall (body condition). Twelve cows, referred to the University of Edinburgh Veterinary School, were diagnosed with chronic suppurative pneumonia and enrolled into this prospective study to record and monitor lung sounds, ultrasonographic findings, and response to a standardised antibiotic treatment regimen. Most cows (8/12) had a normal rectal temperature on presentation but all cows had received antibiotic therapy at some time in the previous two weeks and six animals were receiving antibiotic treatment upon admission. All cattle were tachypnoeic (>40 breaths per minute) with frequent and productive coughing, halitosis, and a purulent nasal discharge most noticeable when the head was lowered. Ultrasonographic examination of the chest readily identified pathological changes consistent with severe lung pathology subsequently confirmed as chronic suppurative pneumonia in four cows at necropsy; eight cows recovered well after antibiotic treatment and were discharged two to six weeks after admission. It proved difficult to differentiate increased audibility of normal lung sounds due to tachypnoea from wheezes; coarse crackles were not commonly heard. In general, sounds were reduced in volume over consolidated lung relative to normal lung tissue situated dorsally. Rumen contraction sounds were commonly transmitted over areas of lung pathology. Trueperella (formerly Arcanobacterium) pyogenes was isolated from three of four lung tissue samples at necrospy. Treatment with procaine penicillin for 42 consecutive days resulted in marked improvement with return to normal appetite and improvement in body condition in 8 of 12 cows (67%) where lesions did not extend more than 10-15 cm above the level of the olecranon on both sides of the chest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip R Scott
- Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland, EH25 9RG, UK.
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