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Kawakado K, Tsubata Y, Hotta T, Yamasaki M, Ishikawa N, Masuda T, Kubota T, Kobayashi K, Isobe T. D-dimer cut-off value for predicting venous thromboembolism at the initial diagnosis in Japanese patients with advanced lung cancer. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2024:hyae064. [PMID: 38769814 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyae064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cancer is a well-known risk factor for venous thromboembolism. The D-dimer level is used to predict venous thromboembolism; however, reports on an appropriate D-dimer cut-off value in Japanese patients with advanced lung cancer are lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to calculate the D-dimer cut-off value for venous thromboembolism at the time of lung cancer diagnosis. METHODS The Rising-venous thromboembolism/NEJ037 study was a multicenter, prospective observational study. Patients with lung cancer who were contraindicated for radical resection or radiation were enrolled and followed up for 2 years. In the present study (jRCT no. 061180025), a receiver operating characteristic curve for D-dimer levels was created using the dataset of the Rising-venous thromboembolism/NEJ037 study. RESULTS The Rising-venous thromboembolism/NEJ037 study included a total of 1008 patients, of whom 976, whose D-dimer levels had been measured at the time of cancer diagnosis, were included in the present study. At the time of lung cancer diagnosis, 62 (6.3%) and 914 (93.7%) patients presented with and without venous thromboembolism, respectively. The D-dimer values ranged from 0.1 to 180.1 μg/ml and from 0.1 to 257.2 μg/ml in patients with and without venous thromboembolism, respectively. The receiver operating characteristic curve was discriminative with a cut-off value of 3.3 μg/ml and an area under the curve of 0.794 (sensitivity, 0.742; specificity, 0.782; 95% confidence interval, 0.725-0.863). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to calculate the D-dimer cut-off value in Japanese patients with advanced lung cancer. Patients with D-dimer levels ≥3.3 μg/ml at the time of initial diagnosis may have coexisting venous thromboembolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Kawakado
- Division of Medical Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Hamada Medical Center, Hamada, Japan
| | - Yukari Tsubata
- Division of Medical Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | - Takamasa Hotta
- Division of Medical Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamasaki
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nobuhisa Ishikawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takeshi Masuda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kubota
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Kochi University Hospital, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Kobayashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takeshi Isobe
- Division of Medical Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
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Pan F, Bu L, Wu K, Wang A, Xu X. PKD2/polycystin-2 inhibits LPS-induced acute lung injury in vitro and in vivo by activating autophagy. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:171. [PMID: 37198573 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02449-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystin-2 (PC2), which is a transmembrane protein encoded by the PKD2 gene, plays an important role in kidney disease, but its role in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) is unclear. We overexpressed PKD2 in lung epithelial cells in vitro and in vivo and examined the role of PKD2 in the inflammatory response induced by LPS in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of PKD2 significantly decreased production of the inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in LPS-treated lung epithelial cells. Moreover, pretreatment with 3-methyladenine (3-MA), an autophagy inhibitor, reversed the inhibitory effect of PKD2 overexpression on the secretion of inflammatory factors in LPS-treated lung epithelial cells. We further demonstrated that overexpression of PKD2 could inhibit LPS-induced downregulation of the LC3BII protein levels and upregulation of SQSTM1/P62 protein levels in lung epithelial cells. Moreover, we found that LPS-induced changes in the lung wet/dry (W/D) weight ratio and levels of the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in the lung tissue were significantly decreased in mice whose alveolar epithelial cells overexpressed PKD2. However, the protective effects of PKD2 overexpression against LPS-induced ALI were reversed by 3-MA pretreatment. Our study suggests that overexpression of PKD2 in the epithelium may alleviate LPS-induced ALI by activating autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Lina Bu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Kaixuan Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Aizhong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Xiaotao Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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3
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Primary Cilia Are Frequently Present in Small Cell Lung Carcinomas but Not in Non–Small Cell Lung Carcinomas or Lung Carcinoids. J Transl Med 2023; 103:100007. [PMID: 37039149 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2022.100007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Most human malignant neoplasms show loss of primary cilia (PC). However, PC are known to be retained and involved in tumorigenesis in some types of neoplasms. The PC status in lung carcinomas remains largely uninvestigated. In this study, we comprehensively assessed the PC status in lung carcinomas. A total of 492 lung carcinomas, consisting of adenocarcinomas (ACs) (n = 319), squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) (n = 152), and small cell lung carcinomas (SCLCs) (n = 21), were examined by immunohistochemical analysis using an antibody against ARL13B, a marker of PC. The PC-positive rate was markedly higher in SCLCs (81.0%) than in ACs (1.6%) and SCCs (7.9%). We subsequently performed analyses to characterize the PC-positive lung carcinomas further. PC-positive lung carcinomas were more numerous and had longer PC than normal cells. The presence of PC in these cells was not associated with the phase of the cell cycle. We also found that the PC were retained even in metastases from PC-positive lung carcinomas. Furthermore, the hedgehog signaling pathway was activated in PC-positive lung carcinomas. Because ARL13B immunohistochemistry of lung carcinoids (n = 10) also showed a statistically significantly lower rate (10.0%) of PC positivity than SCLCs, we searched for a gene(s) that might be upregulated in PC-positive SCLCs compared with lung carcinoids, but not in PC-negative carcinomas. This search, and further cell culture experiments, identified HYLS1 as a gene possessing the ability to regulate ciliogenesis in PC-positive lung carcinomas. In conclusion, our findings indicate that PC are frequently present in SCLCs but not in non-SCLCs (ACs and SCCs) or lung carcinoids, and their PC exhibit various specific pathobiological characteristics. This suggests an important link between lung carcinogenesis and PC.
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Poachanukoon O, Roytrakul S, Koontongkaew S. A shotgun proteomic approach reveals novel potential salivary protein biomarkers for asthma. J Asthma 2020; 59:243-254. [PMID: 33211619 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2020.1850773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine if there is an association between the salivary protein profile and disease control in asthma. METHODS Thirty asthmatic patients (17 adults and 13 children) participated in this study. Saliva samples were collected from healthy subjects, controlled and uncontrolled asthmatics. Individual samples from each group were combined to form a pooled sample, from which proteomic analysis was performed using gel-based quantitative proteomics. RESULTS Fourteen out of thirty asthmatics were classified to be controlled asthma. Most of asthmatics received inhaled corticosteroids as the controller medications. SDS-PAGE showed predominant bands at high molecular weight in asthmatic saliva compared to that of the controls. Shotgun proteomic analyses indicated that 193 salivary proteins were expressed in both controlled and uncontrolled asthmatics. They were predicted to associate with proteins involved in pathogenesis of asthma including IL-5, IL-6, MCP-1, VEGF, and periostin and asthma medicines (Cromolyn, Nedocromil, and Theophylline). Nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NME1-NME2) only expressed in controlled asthmatics whereas polycystic kidney and hepatic disease 1 (PKHD1)/fibrocystin, zinc finger protein 263 (ZNF263), uncharacterized LOC101060047 (ENSG00000268865), desmoglein 2 (DSG2) and S100 calcium binding protein A2 (S100A2) were only found in uncontrolled asthma. Therefore, the six proteins were associated with disease control in children and adults with asthma. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that NME1-NME2, PKHD1, ZNF 263, uncharacterized LOC101060047, DSG 2 and S100 A2 in saliva are associated with disease control in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orapan Poachanukoon
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Klong Luang, Prathumthani, Thailand.,Center of Excellence for Allergy, Asthma and Pulmonary Diseases, Thammasat University Hospital, Klong Luang, Pathumtani, Thailand
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Sittichai Koontongkaew
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Klong Luang, Prathumthani, Thailand.,International College of Dentistry, Walailak University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Pazour GJ, Quarmby L, Smith AO, Desai PB, Schmidts M. Cilia in cystic kidney and other diseases. Cell Signal 2019; 69:109519. [PMID: 31881326 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial cells lining the ducts and tubules of the kidney nephron and collecting duct have a single non-motile cilium projecting from their surface into the lumen of the tubule. These organelles were long considered vestigial remnants left as a result of evolution from a ciliated ancestor, but we now recognize them as critical sensory antennae. In the kidney, the polycystins and fibrocystin, products of the major human polycystic kidney disease genes, localize to this organelle. The polycystins and fibrocystin, through an unknown mechanism, monitor the diameter of the kidney tubules and regulate the proliferation and differentiation of the cells lining the tubule. When the polycystins, fibrocystin or cilia themselves are defective, the cell perceives this as a pro-proliferative signal, which leads to tubule dilation and cystic disease. In addition to critical roles in preventing cyst formation in the kidney, cilia are also important in cystic and fibrotic diseases of the liver and pancreas, and ciliary defects lead to a variety of developmental abnormalities that cause structural birth defects in most organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J Pazour
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Biotech II, Suite 213, 373 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, United States of America.
| | - Lynne Quarmby
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Abigail O Smith
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Biotech II, Suite 213, 373 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, United States of America
| | - Paurav B Desai
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Biotech II, Suite 213, 373 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, United States of America
| | - Miriam Schmidts
- Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg University Faculty of Medicine, Mathildenstrasse 1, 79112 Freiburg, Germany.
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6
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Nakagawa K, Watanabe J, Suwa Y, Suzuki S, Ishibe A, Ota M, Kunisaki C, Endo I. Clinical analysis of preoperative deep vein thrombosis risk factors in patients with colorectal cancer: Retrospective observational study. Ann Gastroenterol Surg 2019; 3:451-458. [PMID: 31346583 PMCID: PMC6635690 DOI: 10.1002/ags3.12256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a major complication of cancer. The postoperative prevalence of DVT in colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery is high, but the preoperative prevalence and the risk factors have not been clarified in detail. The objective of this retrospective study was to investigate the preoperative prevalence and risk factors of DVT in patients admitted to hospital for CRC surgery. METHODS From January 2013 to March 2017, 1006 patients admitted for CRC surgery were deemed eligible for this retrospective study. Diagnosis of preoperative DVT was confirmed by compression ultrasonography. Prevalence of silent DVT in lower limbs in patients before CRC surgery was assessed, and the risk factors for preoperative DVT were investigated regarding the correlation of DVT with the patient's background. RESULTS Preoperative DVT and asymptomatic pulmonary thromboembolism were diagnosed in 136 (13.5%) and in 10 (1.0%) of 1006 patients overall, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that increased age (≥75 years), female gender, and an elevated d-dimer level (>1.0 μg/mL) were independent risk factors for preoperative DVT in this study. Notably, the prevalence of preoperative DVT exceeded 50% in patients with all three predictors. CONCLUSIONS A high prevalence (13.5%) of preoperative DVT was found in patients admitted to the hospital for CRC surgery. The present results suggest that instrumental screening should be encouraged, at least in subgroups at a higher risk of preoperative DVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuya Nakagawa
- Department of SurgeryGastroenterological CenterYokohama City University Medical CenterYokohamaJapan
| | - Jun Watanabe
- Department of SurgeryGastroenterological CenterYokohama City University Medical CenterYokohamaJapan
| | - Yusuke Suwa
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryYokohama City University Graduate School of MedicineYokohamaJapan
| | - Shinsuke Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryYokohama City University Graduate School of MedicineYokohamaJapan
| | - Atsushi Ishibe
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryYokohama City University Graduate School of MedicineYokohamaJapan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Ota
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryYokohama City University Graduate School of MedicineYokohamaJapan
| | - Chikara Kunisaki
- Department of SurgeryGastroenterological CenterYokohama City University Medical CenterYokohamaJapan
| | - Itaru Endo
- Department of Gastroenterological SurgeryYokohama City University Graduate School of MedicineYokohamaJapan
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7
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Moisan S, Levon S, Cornec-Le Gall E, Le Meur Y, Audrézet MP, Dostie J, Férec C. Novel long-range regulatory mechanisms controlling PKD2 gene expression. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:515. [PMID: 29986647 PMCID: PMC6038307 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-4892-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cis-regulatory elements control gene expression over large distances through the formation of chromatin loops, which allow contact between enhancers and gene promoters. Alterations in cis-acting regulatory systems could be linked to human genetic diseases. Here, we analyse the spatial organization of a large region spanning the polycystic kidney disease 2 (PKD2) gene, one of the genes responsible of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Results By using chromosome conformation capture carbon copy (5C) technology in primary human renal cyst epithelial cells, we identify novel contacts of the PKD2 promoter with chromatin regions, which display characteristics of regulatory elements. In parallel, by using functional analysis with a reporter assay, we demonstrate that three DNAse I hypersensitive sites regions are involved in the regulation of PKD2 gene expression. Conclusions Finally, through alignment of CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) sites, we suggest that these novel enhancer elements are brought to the PKD2 promoter by chromatin looping via the recruitment of CTCF. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-4892-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Moisan
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1078, Brest, Bretagne, France. .,Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), Brest, Bretagne, France. .,Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et d'Histocompatibilité, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire (CHRU), Hôpital Morvan, Brest, Bretagne, France.
| | - Stéphanie Levon
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1078, Brest, Bretagne, France.,Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), Brest, Bretagne, France
| | - Emilie Cornec-Le Gall
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1078, Brest, Bretagne, France.,Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et d'Histocompatibilité, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire (CHRU), Hôpital Morvan, Brest, Bretagne, France
| | - Yannick Le Meur
- Service de néphrologie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire (CHRU), Brest, Bretagne, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Audrézet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1078, Brest, Bretagne, France.,Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et d'Histocompatibilité, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire (CHRU), Hôpital Morvan, Brest, Bretagne, France
| | - Josée Dostie
- Department of Biochemistry and Goodman Cancer Research Center, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Claude Férec
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1078, Brest, Bretagne, France. .,Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Bretagne Occidentale (UBO), Brest, Bretagne, France. .,Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et d'Histocompatibilité, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire (CHRU), Hôpital Morvan, Brest, Bretagne, France. .,Etablissement Français du sang (EFS), Brest, Bretagne, France.
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8
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Lee J, Oh DH, Park KC, Choi JE, Kwon JB, Lee J, Park K, Sul HJ. Increased Primary Cilia in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Mol Cells 2018; 41:224-233. [PMID: 29477141 PMCID: PMC5881096 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.2307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia are solitary, non-motile, axonemal microtubule-based antenna-like organelles that project from the plasma membrane of most mammalian cells and are implicated in transducing hedgehog signals during development. It was recently proposed that aberrant SHH signaling may be implicated in the progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, the distribution and role of primary cilia in IPF remains unclear. Here, we clearly observed the primary cilia in alveolar epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells of human normal lung tissue. Then, we investigated the distribution of primary cilia in human IPF tissue samples using immunofluorescence. Tissues from six IPF cases showed an increase in the number of primary cilia in alveolar cells and fibroblasts. In addition, we observed an increase in ciliogenesis related genes such as IFT20 and IFT88 in IPF. Since major components of the SHH signaling pathway are known to be localized in primary cilia, we quantified the mRNA expression of the SHH signaling components using qRT-PCR in both IPF and control lung. mRNA levels of SHH, the coreceptor SMO, and the transcription factors GLI1 and GLI2 were upregulated in IPF compared with control. Furthermore, the nuclear localization of GLI1 was observed mainly in alveolar epithelia and fibroblasts. In addition, we showed that defective KIF3A-mediated ciliary loss in human type II alveolar epithelial cell lines leads to disruption of SHH signaling. These results indicate that a significant increase in the number of primary cilia in IPF contributes to the upregulation of SHH signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junguee Lee
- Department of Pathology, Daejeon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon 34943,
Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Oh
- Department of Radiology, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon 35365,
Korea
| | - Ki Cheol Park
- Clinical Research Institute, Daejeon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon 34943,
Korea
| | - Ji Eun Choi
- Department of Pathology, Daejeon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon 34943,
Korea
| | - Jong Beom Kwon
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Daejeon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon 34943,
Korea
| | - Jongho Lee
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Daejeon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon 34943,
Korea
| | - Kuhn Park
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Daejeon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon 34943,
Korea
| | - Hae Joung Sul
- Department of Pathology, Daejeon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon 34943,
Korea
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9
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Yu J, Li D, Lei D, Yuan F, Pei F, Zhang H, Yu A, Wang K, Chen H, Chen L, Wu X, Tong X, Wang Y. Tumor-Specific D-Dimer Concentration Ranges and Influencing Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165390. [PMID: 27835633 PMCID: PMC5105993 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
D-dimer level in cancer patients is associated with risk of venous thromboembolism and deep venous thrombosis. Most cancer patients have "abnormal" D-dimer levels based on the current normal reference range. To investigate tumor-specific D-dimer reference range, we compared D-dimer levels for nine different tumour types with healthy controls by using simultaneous quantile regression and constructing a median, 5th percentile, and 95th percentile model of normal tumour D-dimer concentration. Associations with tumour primary site, stage, pathological type, and treatment were also explored. Additionally, 190 patients were tracked to reveal the relevance of initial D-dimer levels to cancer prognosis. D-dimer ranges (median, 5th, 95th) in various cancers (mg/L) were: liver 1.12, 0.27, 5.25; pancreatic 0.96, 0.23, 4.81; breast 0.44, 0.2, 2.17; gastric 0.65, 0.22, 5.03; colorectal 0.73, 0.22, 4.45; lung 0.7, 0.25, 4.0; gynaecological 0.61, 0.22, 3.98; oesophageal 0.23, 0.7, 3.45; and head and neck 0.22, 0.44, 2.19. All were significantly higher than that of healthy controls (0.18, 0.07, 0.57). D-dimer peaked 1-2 days postoperatively but had decreased to the normal range by 1 week. Additionally, cancer patients with high initial D-dimer were shown a tendency of poor prognosis in survival rate. In conclusion, D-dimer levels in cancer depend on patient age, tumour primary site, and tumour stage. Thrombosis prevention is necessary if D-dimer has not decreased to the tumor-specific baseline a week after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yu
- The State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Dongqing Li
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University; Wuhan, China
| | - Dansheng Lei
- Department of Laboratory, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Yuan
- Department of Laboratory, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Pei
- Department of Laboratory, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Huifeng Zhang
- Department of Laboratory, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Anming Yu
- Stago Diagnosis Company, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Laboratory, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Hu Chen
- Department of Laboratory, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianglei Wu
- Laboratory of Immunology, University of Lorraine, Lorraine, France
| | - Xianli Tong
- Department of Laboratory, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Yefu Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
- * E-mail:
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10
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Rangan GK, Lopez-Vargas P, Nankivell BJ, Tchan M, Tong A, Tunnicliffe DJ, Savige J. Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: A Path Forward. Semin Nephrol 2016; 35:524-37. [PMID: 26718155 DOI: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the commonest inherited cause of renal failure in adults, and is due to loss-of-function mutations in either the PKD1 or PKD2 genes, which encode polycystin-1 and polycystin-2, respectively. These proteins have an essential role in maintaining the geometric structure of the distal collecting duct in the kidney in adult life, and their dysfunction predisposes to renal cyst formation. The typical renal phenotype of ADPKD is the insidious development of hundreds of renal cysts, which form in childhood and grow progressively through life, causing end-stage kidney failure in the fifth decade in about half affected by the mutation. Over the past 2 decades, major advances in genetics and disease pathogenesis have led to well-conducted randomized controlled trials, and observational studies that have resulted in an accumulation of evidence-based data, and raise hope that the lifetime risk of kidney failure due to ADPKD will be progressively curtailed during this century. This review will provide a contemporary summary of the current state of the field in disease pathogenesis and therapeutics, and also briefly highlights the importance of clinical practice guidelines, patient perspectives, patient-reported outcomes, uniform trial reporting, and health-economics in ADPKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopala K Rangan
- Department of Renal Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health District, Westmead, Sydney, Australia; Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Pamela Lopez-Vargas
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Brian J Nankivell
- Department of Renal Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health District, Westmead, Sydney, Australia; Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michel Tchan
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia
| | - Allison Tong
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - David J Tunnicliffe
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Judy Savige
- The University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine, Melbourne Health and Northern Health, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Nephrology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Turdalieva A, Solandt J, Shambetova N, Xu H, Blom H, Brismar H, Zelenina M, Fu Y. Bioelectric and Morphological Response of Liquid-Covered Human Airway Epithelial Calu-3 Cell Monolayer to Periodic Deposition of Colloidal 3-Mercaptopropionic-Acid Coated CdSe-CdS/ZnS Core-Multishell Quantum Dots. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149915. [PMID: 26913754 PMCID: PMC4767322 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung epithelial cells are extensively exposed to nanoparticles present in the modern urban environment. Nanoparticles, including colloidal quantum dots (QDs), are also considered to be potentially useful carriers for the delivery of drugs into the body. It is therefore important to understand the ways of distribution and the effects of the various types of nanoparticles in the lung epithelium. We use a model system of liquid-covered human airway epithelial Calu-3 cell cultures to study the immediate and long-term effects of repeated deposition of colloidal 3-mercaptopropionic-acid coated CdSe-CdS/ZnS core-multishell QDs on the lung epithelial cell surface. By live confocal microscope imaging and by QD fluorescence measurements we show that the QD permeation through the mature epithelial monolayers is very limited. At the time of QD deposition, the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) of the epithelial monolayers transiently decreased, with the decrement being proportional to the QD dose. Repeated QD deposition, once every six days for two months, lead to accumulation of only small amounts of the QDs in the cell monolayer. However, it did not induce any noticeable changes in the long-term TEER and the molecular morphology of the cells. The colloidal 3-mercaptopropionic-acid coated CdSe-CdS/ZnS core-multishell QDs could therefore be potentially used for the delivery of drugs intended for the surface of the lung epithelia during limited treatment periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aizat Turdalieva
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Nestan Shambetova
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hao Xu
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans Blom
- Advanced Light Microscopy facility, Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden
| | - Hjalmar Brismar
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marina Zelenina
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ying Fu
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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