1
|
Roomaney I, Nyirenda C, Chetty M. Facial imaging to screen for fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: A scoping review. Alcohol Res 2022; 46:1166-1180. [PMID: 35616438 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Facial imaging tools have rapidly advanced in recent years and show potential for use in fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) screening and diagnosis. This scoping review describes the current state of evidence regarding the use of facial imaging being as a screening tool for FASD at a community level. This review follows the guidelines for the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) extension for scoping reviews and is registered with the Open Science Framework (osf.io/e4xw6). An electronic search of five databases was conducted. The time frame was limited to the period 2006 to 2022. The search included any form of imaging of the head, neck, oral cavity, and dentition. Animal and antenatal studies were excluded, as were those using only brain imaging. The search retrieved 730 unique titles. After title, abstract, and full-text screening, 28 primary studies were included in this review. Most studies were conducted with South African participants. Imaging included 2D photographs, 3D stereophotogrammetry, 3D laser scanning, and radiographs. Various measurements and landmarks were used to discriminate FASD from non-FASD participants, which included anthropometry, face shape analysis, and facial curvatures. Methods of data processing, analysis, and modeling ranged from manual methods to fully automated systems utilizing artificial intelligence. The use of facial imaging to screen for and diagnose patients with FASD is a rapidly advancing field. Most studies in the field remain exploratory, attempting to find accurate, reliable, and consistent landmarks and measures across different populations. For community screening, none of the tools in this review in their current form completely fulfill all the identified properties of an ideal screening tool. More research and development are needed prior to advocating for the use of any tool listed and the ethical implications are yet to be fully explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Imaan Roomaney
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Clement Nyirenda
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Manogari Chetty
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mancilla VJ, Peeri NC, Silzer T, Basha R, Felini M, Jones HP, Phillips N, Tao MH, Thyagarajan S, Vishwanatha JK. Understanding the Interplay Between Health Disparities and Epigenomics. Front Genet 2020; 11:903. [PMID: 32973872 PMCID: PMC7468461 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Social epigenomics has emerged as an integrative field of research focused on identification of socio-environmental factors, their influence on human biology through epigenomic modifications, and how they contribute to current health disparities. Several health disparities studies have been published using genetic-based approaches; however, increasing accessibility and affordability of molecular technologies have allowed for an in-depth investigation of the influence of external factors on epigenetic modifications (e.g., DNA methylation, micro-RNA expression). Currently, research is focused on epigenetic changes in response to environment, as well as targeted epigenetic therapies and environmental/social strategies for potentially minimizing certain health disparities. Here, we will review recent findings in this field pertaining to conditions and diseases over life span encompassing prenatal to adult stages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viviana J. Mancilla
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Noah C. Peeri
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Talisa Silzer
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Riyaz Basha
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
- Texas Center for Health Disparities, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Martha Felini
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
- Texas Center for Health Disparities, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Harlan P. Jones
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
- Texas Center for Health Disparities, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Nicole Phillips
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
- Texas Center for Health Disparities, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Meng-Hua Tao
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
- Texas Center for Health Disparities, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Srikantha Thyagarajan
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
- Texas Center for Health Disparities, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Jamboor K. Vishwanatha
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
- Texas Center for Health Disparities, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Choate P, Badry D. Stigma as a dominant discourse in fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. ADVANCES IN DUAL DIAGNOSIS 2019. [DOI: 10.1108/add-05-2018-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to conduct a scoping review of the literature to explore the many ways stigma affects people with FASD and to highlight the disciplines and places where discourse on FASD and stigma is taking place.Design/methodology/approachSearches were conducted in PubMed, ERIC, Family & Society Studies Worldwide, Families Studies Abstracts and Google Scholar between 2008 and 2018. Search terms focused on stigma, shame and the connection to FASD with a view to looking across social and medical science literature.FindingsSearches identified 39 full text manuscripts, 13 of which were included in the scoping review. Stigma toward people with FASD exists in multiple professional forums across disciplines. The relationship between mother’s use of alcohol and the lasting impact on the child is a focus in the articles identified from a public health perspective. The review showed there was limited cross-disciplinary discussion evident. In total 13 articles were selected for inclusion in this review.Research limitations/implicationsNegative discourses predominate with little attention being paid to possible areas of success as well as cases of lower FASD impacts. There is a significant void in work focusing on positive outcomes for people with FASD. Such discourse would support a better understanding of pathways to more positive outcomes.Originality/valueThis paper highlights the issue of FASD and stigma through identification of relevant literature and expands the conversation to offer insights into the challenging terrain that individuals with FASD must navigate. The issue of stigma is not linked only to individuals with FASD but also their support systems. It is critical to recognize the multiple attributions of stigma to FASD in order to effectively take up conversations across and between disciplines to promote new discourses focused on de-stigmatization.
Collapse
|