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Akama H, Kojima KM, McKenzie I, Ito S. Producing Conventional and Transient Amino(mercapto)methyl Radicals by Addition of Muonium to a Crystalline Thioformamide (Mes*NHCH=S). Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202300980. [PMID: 38515308 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Muonium (Mu=μ+e-) is composed of a muon of light isotope of proton (μ+) and electron (e-) and can be used as a light surrogate for a hydrogen atom. In this paper, we investigated addition of muonium to a newly synthesized Mes*-substituted thioformamide (Mes*NHCH=S, Mes*=2,4,6-tBu3C6H2). Transverse-field muon spin rotation (TF-μSR) of a solution sample of the thioformamide confirmed addition of muonium to the sulfur atom leading to the corresponding C-centered radical [Mes*NHC(H)⋅-SMu]. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations assigned a conventional amino(mercapto)methyl radical, in which both nitrogen and carbon were slightly pyramidalized, and the calculated muon hyperfine coupling constant (hfcc) including the muon isotope effect was compatible with the experimentally determined parameter. However, the muon level-crossing resonance (μLCR) spectrum of an anisotropic crystalline sample indicated two paramagnetic species, and the major product showed the considerably larger muon hfcc compared with the conventional structure of the amino(mercapto)methyl radical. The unusual transient muoniated thioformamide with the larger muon hfcc that showed rapid relaxation could be only explained by a transient structure including planarization of the nitrogen and carbon atoms in Mes*NHC(H)⋅-SMu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikaru Akama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-H113 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Kenji M Kojima
- Centre for Molecular and Materials Science, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - Iain McKenzie
- Centre for Molecular and Materials Science, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - Shigekazu Ito
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-H113 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
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Goli M, Shahbazian S. Two-component density functional theory for muonic molecules: Inclusion of the electron–positive muon correlation functional. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:044104. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0077179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Goli
- School of Nano Science, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran 19395-5531, Iran
| | - Shant Shahbazian
- Department of Physics, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, Tehran, Iran
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Ito S, Ueta Y, Koshino K, Kojima KM, McKenzie I, Mikami K. Observation of a Metastable P-Heterocyclic Radical by Muonium Addition to a 1,3-Diphosphacyclobutane-2,4-diyl. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:8608-8613. [PMID: 29790272 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201804306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A 1,3-diphosphacyclobutane-2,4-diyl contains a unique unsaturated cyclic unit, and the presence of radical-type centers have been expected as a source of functionality. This study demonstrates that the P-heterocyclic singlet biradical captures muonium (Mu=[μ+ e- ]), the light isotope of a hydrogen radical, to generate an observable P-heterocyclic paramagnetic species. Investigation of a powder sample of 2,4-bis(2,4,6-tri-t-butylphenyl)-1-t-butyl-3-benzyl-1,3-diphosphacyclobutane-2,4-diyl using muon (avoided) level-crossing resonance (μLCR) spectroscopy revealed that muonium adds to the cyclic P2 C2 unit. The muon hyperfine coupling constant (Aμ ) indicated that the phosphorus atom bearing the t-butyl group trapped muonium to provide a metastable P-heterocyclic radical involving the ylidic MuP(<)=C moiety. The observed regioselective muonium addition correlates the canonical formula of 1,3-diphosphacyclobutane-2,4-diyl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigekazu Ito
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-H113 Ookayama, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ueta
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-H113 Ookayama, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Kota Koshino
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-H113 Ookayama, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Kenji M Kojima
- Muon Science Laboratory, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK-IMSS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan
| | - Iain McKenzie
- Centre for Molecular and Materials Science, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - Koichi Mikami
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-H113 Ookayama, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
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Goli M, Shahbazian S. Developing effective electronic-only coupled-cluster and Møller-Plesset perturbation theories for the muonic molecules. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:16749-16760. [PMID: 29881845 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp02489h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recently we have proposed an effective Hartree-Fock (EHF) theory for the electrons of the muonic molecules that is formally equivalent to the HF theory within the context of the nuclear-electronic orbital theory [Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2018, 20, 4466]. In the present report we extend the muon-specific effective electronic structure theory beyond the EHF level by introducing the effective second order Møller-Plesset perturbation theory (EMP2) and the effective coupled-cluster theory at single and double excitation levels (ECCSD) as well as an improved version including perturbative triple excitations (ECCSD(T)). These theories incorporate electron-electron correlation into the effective paradigm and through their computational implementation, a diverse set of small muonic species is considered as a benchmark at these post-EHF levels. A comparative computational study on this set demonstrates that the muonic bond length is in general non-negligibly longer than corresponding hydrogenic analogs. Next, the developed post-EHF theories are applied for the muoniated N-heterocyclic carbene/silylene/germylene and the muoniated triazolium cation revealing the relative stability of the sticking sites of the muon in each species. The computational results, in line with previously reported experimental data demonstrate that the muon generally prefers to attach to the divalent atom with carbeneic nature. A detailed comparison of these muonic adducts with the corresponding hydrogenic adducts reveals subtle differences that have already been overlooked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Goli
- School of Nano Science, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), 19395-5531, Tehran, Iran.
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Ito S, Ueta Y, Koshino K, Kojima KM, McKenzie I, Mikami K. Observation of a Metastable P‐Heterocyclic Radical by Muonium Addition to a 1,3‐Diphosphacyclobutane‐2,4‐diyl. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201804306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shigekazu Ito
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering School of Materials and Chemical Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1-H113 Ookayama Meguro Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ueta
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering School of Materials and Chemical Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1-H113 Ookayama Meguro Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
| | - Kota Koshino
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering School of Materials and Chemical Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1-H113 Ookayama Meguro Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
| | - Kenji M. Kojima
- Muon Science Laboratory High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK-IMSS) Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0801 Japan
| | - Iain McKenzie
- Centre for Molecular and Materials Science, TRIUMF 4004 Wesbrook Mall Vancouver BC V6T 2A3 Canada
| | - Koichi Mikami
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering School of Materials and Chemical Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1-H113 Ookayama Meguro Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
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