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Oxidative stress, a trigger of hepatitis C and B virus-induced liver carcinogenesis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:3895-3932. [PMID: 27965466 PMCID: PMC5354803 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Virally induced liver cancer usually evolves over long periods of time in the context of a strongly oxidative microenvironment, characterized by chronic liver inflammation and regeneration processes. They ultimately lead to oncogenic mutations in many cellular signaling cascades that drive cell growth and proliferation. Oxidative stress, induced by hepatitis viruses, therefore is one of the factors that drives the neoplastic transformation process in the liver. This review summarizes current knowledge on oxidative stress and oxidative stress responses induced by human hepatitis B and C viruses. It focuses on the molecular mechanisms by which these viruses activate cellular enzymes/systems that generate or scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and control cellular redox homeostasis. The impact of an altered cellular redox homeostasis on the initiation and establishment of chronic viral infection, as well as on the course and outcome of liver fibrosis and hepatocarcinogenesis will be discussed The review neither discusses reactive nitrogen species, although their metabolism is interferes with that of ROS, nor antioxidants as potential therapeutic remedies against viral infections, both subjects meriting an independent review.
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Xiong W, Dong H, Wang J, Zou X, Wen Q, Luo W, Liu S, He J, Cai S, Ma L. Analysis of Plasma Cytokine and Chemokine Profiles in Patients with and without Tuberculosis by Liquid Array-Based Multiplexed Immunoassays. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148885. [PMID: 26881918 PMCID: PMC4755571 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to establish plasma cytokine/chemokine profiles in patients with 3 different presentations of active tuberculosis (TB), compared to the profiles observed in bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-vaccinated healthy individuals and patients with other pulmonary diseases (non-TB patients). To this end, plasma samples were collected from 151 TB patients including 68 pulmonary TB (PTB), 43 endobronchial TB, and 40 tuberculosis pleurisy (TP) patients, as well as 107 no-TB cases including 26 non-TB patients and 81 BCG-vaccinated healthy controls. A liquid array-based multiplexed immunoassay was used to screen plasma samples for 20 distinct cytokines and chemokines. Multinomial logistic regression was used to analyze associations between cytokines/chemokines and TB/non-TB patients. Compared to our findings with the no-TB donors, the median plasma levels of the proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines TNF-α, IL-6, IP-10, IFN-γ, and MIP-1β were significantly elevated in TB patients, suggesting their potential use as biomarkers for diagnosing TB patients. Further comparisons with healthy donors showed that only the median TNF-α plasma level was highly produced in the plasma of all 3 types of TB patients. Plasma IL-6 production was higher only in TP patients, while the plasma levels of IP-10, IFN-γ, and MIP-1β were markedly enhanced in both PTB and TP patients. Unexpectedly, among the above cytokines/chemokines, MIP-1β was also highly expressed in non-TB patients, compared with healthy donors. Our results suggested that TNF-α may be an ideal biomarker for diagnosing the 3 forms of TB presentation, while the other factors (IL-6, IP-10, MCP-1, and IFN-γ) can potentially facilitate differential diagnosis for the 3 TB presentation types. Further characterization of immune responses associated with different types of TB diseases will provide a basis for developing novel TB diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Xiong
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Haiping Dong
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Juanjuan Wang
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaoming Zou
- The First People's Hospital of Kashi, Xinjiang 844000, China
| | - Qian Wen
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Sudong Liu
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jianchun He
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shaoxi Cai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Li Ma
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Wei B, Cheng Y. Influence of overexpression of hepatitis B virus X gene on proliferation and migration of hepatoma cells. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2014; 22:5408-5413. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v22.i35.5408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To explore the influence of overexpression of hepatitis B virus X (HBX) on the proliferation and migration of hepatoma cells.
METHODS: Human hepatic carcinoma cell line Huh7 was cultured and infected with a recombinant adenovirus vector expressing HBX to establish an Huh7-HBX cell line. Colony forming assay, MTS assay and crystal violet staining were performed to assess cell proliferation. Cell migration assay was also performed.
RESULTS: The Huh7-HBX cell line was established successfully. HBX overexpression could promote cell proliferation. The number of cell colonies formed for Huh7-HBX cells was significantly higher than that for Huh7 cells (P < 0.05). Restoration of secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) and SFRP5 expression or knockdown of DNA methyltransferase 1 (Dnmt1) could significantly inhibit liver cancer cell proliferation and migration (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Overexpression of HBX significantly inhibits the proliferation and migration of hepatoma cells.
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Huang QT, Chen JH, Zhong M, Xu YY, Cai CX, Wei SS, Hang LL, Liu Q, Yu YH. The risk of placental abruption and placenta previa in pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B viral infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Placenta 2014; 35:539-45. [PMID: 24934739 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2014.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several epidemiological studies have found a positive association between chronic hepatitis B virus (CHB) infection and the risk of placental abruption and placenta previa, but various studies have reported conflicting findings. The objective was to systematically review the literature to determine a possible association between CHB infection and these two placental complications. METHODS We conducted a computerized search in electronic database through March 1, 2014, supplemented with a manual search of reference lists, to identify original published research on placental abruption and placenta previa rates in women with CHB infection. Data were independently extracted, and relative risks were calculated. The meta-analysis was performed using Stata version 10.0 software. RESULTS Five studies involving 9088 placenta previa cases were identified. No significant association between CHB infection and placenta previa was identified (OR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.60-1.62). Five studies involving 15571 placental abruption cases were identified. No significant association between CHB infection and placental abruption was identified (OR = 1.42, 95% CI, 0.93-2.15). DISCUSSION The immune response against the virus represents a key factor in determining infection outcomes. No observation of significant increased risk of the placental complications could be partially explained by the complex immune response during CHB infection. CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis found no evidence of significant associations between CHB infection and increased risk of placental abruption as well as placenta previa. Further well-designed studies were warranted to assess any potential association between CHB infection and increased risk of placental abruption as well as placenta previa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q T Huang
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto M5T 3H7, Canada
| | - J H Chen
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - M Zhong
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Y Y Xu
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - C X Cai
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - S S Wei
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - L L Hang
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Q Liu
- Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Y H Yu
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China
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