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Lv J, Liu G, Ju Y, Huang H, Sun Y. AADB: A Manually Collected Database for Combinations of Antibiotics With Adjuvants. IEEE/ACM TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY AND BIOINFORMATICS 2023; 20:2827-2836. [PMID: 37279138 DOI: 10.1109/tcbb.2023.3283221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a global public health concern. The lack of innovations in antibiotic development has led to renewed interest in antibiotic adjuvants. However, there is no database to collect antibiotic adjuvants. Herein, we build a comprehensive database named Antibiotic Adjuvant DataBase (AADB) by manually collecting relevant literature. Specifically, AADB includes 3,035 combinations of antibiotics with adjuvants, covering 83 antibiotics, 226 adjuvants, and 325 bacterial strains. AADB provides user-friendly interfaces for searching and downloading. Users can easily obtain these datasets for further analysis. In addition, we also collected related datasets (e.g., chemogenomic and metabolomic data) and proposed a computational strategy to dissect these datasets. As a test case, we identified 10 candidates for minocycline, and 6 of 10 candidates are the known adjuvants that synergize with minocycline to inhibit the growth of E. coli BW25113. We hope that AADB can help users to identify effective antibiotic adjuvants. AADB is freely available at http://www.acdb.plus/AADB.
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Chen VCH, Huang SL, Huang JY, Hsu TC, Tzang BS, McIntyre RS. Combined Administration of Escitalopram Oxalate and Nivolumab Exhibits Synergistic Growth-Inhibitory Effects on Liver Cancer Cells through Inducing Apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12630. [PMID: 37628813 PMCID: PMC10454364 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the most lethal malignant cancers worldwide. However, the therapeutic options for advanced liver cancers are limited and reveal scant efficacy. The current study investigated the effects of nivolumab (Niv) and escitalopram oxalate (Esc) in combination on proliferation of liver cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Significantly decreased viability of HepG2 cells that were treated with Esc or Niv was observed in a dose-dependent manner at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h. Administration of Esc (50 μM) + Niv (20 μM), Esc (75 μM) + Niv (5 μM), and Esc (75 μM) + Niv (20 μM) over 24 h exhibited synergistic effects, inhibiting the survival of HepG2 cells. Additionally, treatment with Esc (50 μM) + Niv (1 μM), Esc (50 μM) + Niv (20 μM), and Esc (75 μM) + Niv (20 μM) over 48 h exhibited synergistic effects, inhibiting the survival of HepG2 cells. Finally, treatment with Esc (50 μM) + Niv (1 μM), Esc (50 μM) + Niv (20 μM), and Esc (75 μM) + Niv (20 μM) for 72 h exhibited synergistic effects, inhibiting HepG2 survival. Com-pared with controls, HepG2 cells treated with Esc (50 μM) + Niv (20 μM) exhibited significantly increased sub-G1 portion and annexin-V signals. In a xenograft animal study, Niv (6.66 mg/kg) + Esc (2.5 mg/kg) significantly suppressed the growth of xenograft HepG2 tumors in nude mice. This study reports for the first time the synergistic effects of combined administration of Niv and Esc for inhibiting HepG2 cell proliferation, which may provide an alternative option for liver cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Chin-Hung Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan;
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 61303, Taiwan; (S.-L.H.); (J.-Y.H.)
| | - Shao-Lan Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 61303, Taiwan; (S.-L.H.); (J.-Y.H.)
| | - Jing-Yu Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Medical Foundation, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 61303, Taiwan; (S.-L.H.); (J.-Y.H.)
| | - Tsai-Ching Hsu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Immunology Center, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Show Tzang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Immunology Center, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Roger S. McIntyre
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T2S8, Canada;
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T1R8, Canada
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da Rosa TF, Serafin MB, Foletto VS, Franco LN, de Paula BR, Fuchs LB, Calegari L, Hörner R. Repositioning of Benzodiazepine Drugs and Synergistic Effect with Ciprofloxacin Against ESKAPE Pathogens. Curr Microbiol 2023; 80:160. [PMID: 37004588 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03242-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Infectious diseases are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Combating them becomes more complex when caused by the pathogens of the ESKAPE group, which are Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter spp. The purpose of this study was to investigate the repositioning potential of the benzodiazepines clonazepam and diazepam individually and in combination with the antibacterial ciprofloxacin against ESKAPE. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration against seven American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) reference standard strains and 64 ESKAPE clinical isolates were determined. In addition, the interaction with ciprofloxacin was determined by the checkerboard method and fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) of clonazepam against 11 ESKAPE and diazepam against five ESKAPE. We also list the results found and their clinical significance. Benzodiazepines showed similar antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative. The checkerboard and FICI results showed a synergistic effect of these drugs when associated with ciprofloxacin against almost all tested isolates. Viewing the clinical cases studied, benzodiazepines have potential as treatment alternatives. The results allow us to conclude that clonazepam and diazepam, when in combination with ciprofloxacin, have promising activity against ESKAPE, therefore, assuming the position of candidates for repositioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taciéli F da Rosa
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Marissa B Serafin
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Vitória S Foletto
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Laísa N Franco
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruno R de Paula
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Luana B Fuchs
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Luciano Calegari
- University Hospital of Santa Maria, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Rosmari Hörner
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
- Bacteriology Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis (DACT)-Health Sciences Center (CCS)., Building 26, Room 1201, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
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Misera A, Łoniewski I, Palma J, Kulaszyńska M, Czarnecka W, Kaczmarczyk M, Liśkiewicz P, Samochowiec J, Skonieczna-Żydecka K. Clinical significance of microbiota changes under the influence of psychotropic drugs. An updated narrative review. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1125022. [PMID: 36937257 PMCID: PMC10014913 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1125022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Relationship between drugs and microbiota is bilateral. Proper composition thus function of microbiota is a key to some medications used in modern medicine. However, there is also the other side of the coin. Pharmacotherapeutic agents can modify the microbiota significantly, which consequently affects its function. A recently published study showed that nearly 25% of drugs administered to humans have antimicrobial effects. Multiple antidepressants are antimicrobials,. and antibiotics with proven antidepressant effects do exist. On the other hand, antibiotics (e.g., isoniaside, minocycline) confer mental phenotype changes, and adverse effects caused by some antibiotics include neurological and psychological symptoms which further supports the hypothesis that intestinal microbiota may affect the function of the central nervous system. Here we gathered comprehensively data on drugs used in psychiatry regarding their antimicrobial properties. We believe our data has strong implications for the treatment of psychiatric entities. Nevertheless the study of ours highlights the need for more well-designed trials aimed at analysis of gut microbiota function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Misera
- Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Igor Łoniewski
- Department of Biochemical Science, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
- Sanprobi sp. z o.o. sp.k., Szczecin, Poland
| | - Joanna Palma
- Department of Biochemical Science, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Monika Kulaszyńska
- Department of Biochemical Science, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Wiktoria Czarnecka
- Department of Biochemical Science, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Paweł Liśkiewicz
- Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jerzy Samochowiec
- Department of Psychiatry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka
- Department of Biochemical Science, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
- *Correspondence: Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka,
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Synergistic Effects of the Combinational Use of Escitalopram Oxalate and 5-Fluorouracil on the Inhibition of Gastric Cancer SNU-1 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416179. [PMID: 36555820 PMCID: PMC9781210 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to its high recurrence rate, gastric cancer (GC) is the leading cause of tumor-related deaths worldwide. Besides surgical treatment, chemotherapy is the most commonly used treatment against GC. However, the adverse events associated with chemotherapy use limit its effectiveness in GC treatment. In this study, we investigated the effects of using combinations of low-dose 5-fluorouracil (5-FU; 0.001 and 0.01 mM) with different concentrations of escitalopram oxalate (0.01, 0.02, 0.06, and 0.2 mM) to evaluate whether the assessed combination would have synergistic effects on SNU-1 cell survival. 5-FU (0.01 mM) + escitalopram oxalate (0.02 mM) and 5-FU (0.01 mM) + escitalopram oxalate (0.06 mM) administered over 24 h showed synergistic effects on the inhibition of SNU-1 cell proliferation. Moreover, 5-FU (0.001 mM) + escitalopram oxalate (0.02 or 0.06 mM) and 5-FU (0.01 mM) + escitalopram oxalate (0.02, 0.06, or 0.2 mM) administered over 48 h showed synergistic effects on the inhibition of SNU-1 cell proliferation. Compared with controls, SNU-1 cells treated with 5-FU (0.01 mM) + escitalopram oxalate (0.02 mM) exhibited significantly increased levels of annexin V staining, reactive oxygen species, cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, and caspase-3 proteins. Furthermore, 5-FU (12 mg/kg) + escitalopram oxalate (12.5 mg/kg) significantly attenuated xenograft SNU-1 cell proliferation in nude mice. Our study is the first to report the synergistic effects of the combinational use of low-dose 5-FU and escitalopram oxalate on inhibiting SNU-1 cell proliferation. These findings may be indicative of an alternative option for GC treatment.
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Serafin MB, Foletto VS, da Rosa TF, Bottega A, Viana AR, Franco LN, de Lima Marion S, da Mota AD, de Paula BR, Krause LMF, Finatto LJ, Hörner M, Hörner R. Repositioning of Disulfiram in Association with Vancomycin Against Enterococcus spp. MDR and XDR. Curr Microbiol 2022; 79:137. [PMID: 35303186 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-022-02794-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The identification of molecules that exhibit potent antibacterial activity and are capable of circumventing resistance mechanisms is an unmet need. The repositioning of approved drugs is considered an advantageous alternative in this case, and has gained prominence. In addition, drug synergism can reduce morbidity and mortality in the treatment of nosocomial infections caused by multi-drug resistant microorganisms (MDR). Whole cell growth inhibition assays were used to define the in vitro antibacterial activity of disulfiram against two standard American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) strains and 35 clinical isolates of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). The ability of disulfiram to synergize with vancomycin was determined by fractional inhibitory concentration index, preceded by the checkerboard test. The cytotoxicity of drugs alone and in combination was tested against Raw 264.7 cells. Disulfiram exhibited potent antibacterial activity against VRE (MIC 16-64 µg mL-1). Results: Associated with vancomycin, disulfiram it had a reduction in MIC of up to 64 times, with values of 0.5-4 µg mL-1. Vancomycin had a MIC of 128-1024 µg mL-1; combined, reduced this value by up to 124 times (8 µg mL-1), with synergy occurring against all strains. Disulfiram and vancomycin alone and in combination did not show cytotoxicity against the eukaryotic cell line. Based on these results, we suggest that the redirection of disulfiram may be promising in the treatment of infections caused by VRE, since it was able to potentiate the activity of vancomycin against the strains, being able to act as an adjuvant in cases of serious infections caused by Enterococcus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa B Serafin
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Vitória S Foletto
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Taciéli F da Rosa
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Angelita Bottega
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Laísa Nunes Franco
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Sara de Lima Marion
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Augusto Dias da Mota
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruno Rafael de Paula
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Manfredo Hörner
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Rosmari Hörner
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. .,Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Anti-infective properties of proton pump inhibitors: perspectives. Int Microbiol 2021; 25:217-222. [PMID: 34476634 PMCID: PMC8413114 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-021-00203-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Infectious diseases are among the main causes of morbidity and mortality today. In facing this crisis, the development of new drug options and combat strategies is necessary. In this sense, drug repositioning or drug redirection has emerged for the faster identification of effective drugs. In this “Commentary,” the anti-infective properties of the class of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are emphasized. Studies report activities against bacterial, fungal, parasitic, and viral agents. In addition, we have provided in a table a summary of the specific characteristics of PPIs and some of their anti-infective activities.
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