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Yang H, Chen Y, Wang Z, Huang Y, Ma Z, Zou Y, Dong J, Zhang H, Huo M, Lv M, Liu X, Zhang G, Wang S, Yang K, Zhong P, Jiang B, Kou Y, Chen Z. Dexmedetomidine affects the NOX4/Nrf2 pathway to improve renal antioxidant capacity. J Pharm Pharmacol 2024; 76:851-860. [PMID: 38625054 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgae044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study aimed to investigate the protective effects of dexmedetomidine (DEX) on renal injury caused by acute stress in rats and explore the protective pathways of DEX on rat kidneys in terms of oxidative stress. METHODS An acute restraint stress model was utilized, where rats were restrained for 3 hours after a 15-minute swim. Biochemical tests and histopathological sections were conducted to evaluate renal function, along with the measurement of oxidative stress and related pathway proteins. KEY FINDINGS The open-field experiments validated the successful establishment of the acute stress model. Acute stress-induced renal injury led to increased NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) protein expression and decreased expression levels of nuclear transcription factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). Following DEX treatment, there was a significant reduction in renal NOX4 expression. The DEX-treated group exhibited normalized renal biochemical results and less damage observed in pathological sections compared to the acute stress group. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that DEX treatment during acute stress can impact the NOX4/Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1 signaling pathway and inhibit oxidative stress, thereby preventing acute stress-induced kidney injury. Additionally, DEX shows promise for clinical applications in stress syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Yang
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161005, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yongping Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161005, China
| | - Yuxiang Huang
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161005, China
| | - Zhigang Ma
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161005, China
| | - Yue Zou
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161005, China
| | - Jiaqiang Dong
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161005, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161005, China
| | - Mingdong Huo
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161005, China
| | - Mingzhe Lv
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161005, China
| | - Xuesong Liu
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161005, China
| | - Guohua Zhang
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161005, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161005, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161005, China
| | - Peng Zhong
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161005, China
| | - Botao Jiang
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161005, China
| | - Yuhong Kou
- Soybean Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy Agriculturalof Science, Haerbin,150086, China
| | - Zhifeng Chen
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar 161005, China
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Yang H, Zhao Y, Chen Y, Yang T, Dou X, Li J, Yang G, Feng G, Fang H, Fan H, Zhang S. Dexmedetomidine Alleviates Acute Stress-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Attenuating Inflammation and Oxidative Stress via Inhibiting the P2X 7R/NF-κB/NLRP3 Pathway in Rats. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-02065-8. [PMID: 38896231 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02065-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of Dexmedetomidine (DEX) against acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by acute stress (AS). Wistar rats were divided into five groups: Control, DEX, AS, AS + DEX, and AS + A438079. The results showed that AS led to AKI by increasing inflammatory biomarkers and oxidative stress-related indicators. The acute stress model in rats was successfully established. Renal function, histopathology, oxidative stress, and inflammation were assessed. Localization of P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) was determined by immunofluorescence. Additionally, the key inflammatory proteins of the P2X7R/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway were measured by Western blotting. DEX significantly improved kidney function, alleviated kidney injury, and reduced oxidative stress and inflammation. DEX inhibited the activation of the P2X7R, decreased the expression of NF-κB, NLRP3 inflammasome, and Caspase-1, and inhibited the expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα). Furthermore, DEX also alleviated AS-induced AKI by inhibiting the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reducing oxidative stress. In conclusion, DEX attenuates AS-induced AKI by mitigating inflammation and oxidative stress through the inhibition of the P2X7R/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Yang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Science Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Branch, Qiqihar, China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yongping Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Tianyuan Yang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xinyi Dou
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Junfeng Li
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Guiyan Yang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Davis Health, University of California, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Guofeng Feng
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Hao Fang
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Honggang Fan
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
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Zakariaª EM, Abdel-Ghanyª RH, Elgharbawyª AS, Alsemehᵇ AE, Metwallyª SS. A novel approach to repositioning memantine for metabolic syndrome-induced steatohepatitis: Modulation of hepatic autophagy, inflammation, and fibrosis. Life Sci 2023; 319:121509. [PMID: 36822316 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study investigated the possible hepatoprotective effects of memantine, compared to pioglitazone, in rat steatohepatitis, emphasizing its role in modulating hepatic autophagy. MAIN METHODS Metabolic syndrome (MetS) was provoked in adult male Wistar rats by a high fructose/fat/salt regimen for eight weeks. Then, rats were administered either memantine or pioglitazone daily for 10 weeks (both at 20 mg/kg, orally). An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was done at the end of the study, and serum liver enzymes, lipids, and fasting blood glucose were measured. Also, hepatic contents of inflammatory, oxidative, and autophagy markers were quantified. Additionally, histopathological examinations of general hepatic structure and glycogen content were performed. KEY FINDINGS Compared to the MetS rats, memantine normalized fasting serum insulin, Homeostatic Model Assessment (HOMA-IR), serum lipids, and liver enzymes (ALT and AST). Memantine also markedly reduced hepatic inflammatory markers; NF-κB and TNF-α. In addition, hepatic NRF2 and GSH were augmented, while hepatic MDA was reduced by memantine. Interestingly, livers of the memantine group showed elevated Beclin1 and LC3 and reduced p62 contents compared to the MetS group indicating that memantine preserved hepatic autophagy. Histopathological examination revealed that memantine ameliorated hepatic steatosis and inflammation. Pioglitazone also mitigated most of the steatohepatitis-related changes, however, memantine was more effective in most of the studied parameters. SIGNIFICANCE The hepatoprotective effect of memantine against steatohepatitis is mediated, at least partly, through conserving hepatic autophagy along with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-fibrotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esraa M Zakariaª
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
| | - Rasha H Abdel-Ghanyª
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Atef S Elgharbawyª
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Amira Ebrahim Alsemehᵇ
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Sami S Metwallyª
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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Protective Effects of Low-Dose Alcohol against Acute Stress-Induced Renal Injury in Rats: Involvement of CYP4A/20-HETE and LTB 4/BLT1 Pathways. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:4475968. [PMID: 34691354 PMCID: PMC8528604 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4475968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Low-dose alcohol possesses multiple bioactivities. Accordingly, we investigated the protective effect and related molecular mechanism of low-dose alcohol against acute stress- (AS-) induced renal injury. Herein, exhaustive swimming for 15 min combined with restraint stress for 3 h was performed to establish a rat acute stress model, which was verified by an open field test. Evaluation of renal function (blood creatinine and urea nitrogen), urine test (urine leukocyte esterase and urine occult blood), renal histopathology, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis was performed. The key indicators of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 4A1/20-hydroxystilbenetetraenoic acid (20-HETE) pathway, cyclooxygenase (COX)/prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) pathway, and leukotriene B4 (LTB4)/leukotriene B4 receptor 1 (BLT1) pathway were measured by real-time PCR and ELISA. We found that low-dose alcohol (0.05 g/kg, i.p.) ameliorated AS-induced renal dysfunction and histological damage. Low-dose alcohol also attenuated AS-induced oxidative stress and inflammation, presenting as reduced malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide formation, increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione activity, and decreased myeloperoxidase, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 levels (P < 0.05). Moreover, low-dose alcohol alleviated AS-induced apoptosis by downregulating Bax and cleaved caspase 3 protein expression and reduced numbers of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end label-positive cells (P < 0.01). Correlation analysis indicated that 20-HETE was strongly correlated with oxidative stress, while LTB4 was strongly correlated with inflammation. Low-dose alcohol inhibited AS-induced increases in CYP4A1, CYP4A2, CYP4A3, CYP4A8, and BLT1 mRNA levels and LTB4 and 20-HETE content (P < 0.01). Interestingly, low-dose alcohol had no effect on COX1 or COX2 mRNA expression or the concentration of PGE2. Furthermore, low-dose alcohol reduced calcium-independent phospholipase A2 mRNA expression, but did not affect secreted phospholipase A2 or cytosolic phospholipase A2 mRNA expression. Together, these results indicate that low-dose alcohol ameliorated AS-induced renal injury by inhibiting CYP4A/20-HETE and LTB4/BLT1 pathways, but not the COX/PGE2 pathway.
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Jafari A, Ghasemnejad-Berenji H, Nemati M, Pashapour S, Sadeghpour S, Ghasemnejad-Berenji M. Beneficial effects of memantine on ischemia/reperfusion injury following torsion/detorsion induced testicular damage in rats: Improvement in histological and biochemical parameters. J Pediatr Urol 2021; 17:441.e1-441.e7. [PMID: 33992528 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2021.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Testicular torsion is a common urologic emergency and one of the causes of infertility in males. Hence, prompt diagnosis and treatment are important to prevent testicular damages. It has been reported that memantine, a drug for Alzheimer's disease has anti-oxidative role against cerebral ischemic stroke and cardiac ischemia reperfusion. OBJECTIVE In this experimental study, the effects of memantine on a testicular torsion injury in adolescent rat testis after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) were evaluated. STUDY DESIGN Thirty-six adolescent rats were divided into three groups with 12 rats per group including sham-operated, T/D (torsion/detorsion) + vehicle, and T/D + memantine (10 mg/kg). Testicular torsion was induced for 2 h by rotating right testis 7200 in the clockwise direction. In treated group 30 min before detorsion, a single intraperitoneal dose of memantine was administered. After 4 h of reperfusion, orchiectomy was conducted and Histopathological and biochemical evaluations of testicular tissue samples were performed. RESULTS The malondialdehyde level in the T/D group was significantly greater than in the sham operated group. Moreover, the testicular malondialdehyde values in the T/D + memantine group were significantly lower than in the T/D group. Also, significant decreases occurred in catalase and superoxide dismutase activities in the T/D group compared with sham operated group. These values were significantly greater in the memantine group than in the T/D group. Furthermore, after induction of T/D, histopathological evaluations also revealed severe testicular damages which were improved by memantine administration. DISCUSSION Memantine prevented increases in oxidative stress markers and reductions of antioxidants during I/R injury in the current study. Subsequently the histologic injury was reduced in rats treated with memantine. The antioxidant characteristics of memantine and its protective effects have been shown in our study. CONCLUSION These results suggest that administration of memantine before detorsion prevents I/R cellular damage in testicular torsion. This drug probably acts through reduction of reactive oxygen species and support antioxidant enzyme systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Jafari
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hojat Ghasemnejad-Berenji
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Reproductive Biology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Nemati
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Sarvin Pashapour
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Sonia Sadeghpour
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Morteza Ghasemnejad-Berenji
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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Guo S, Yang C, Jiang S, Ni Y, Zhao R, Ma W. Repeated Restraint Stress Enhances Hepatic TFR2 Expression and Induces Hepatic Iron Accumulation in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 196:590-596. [PMID: 31707638 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01956-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal hepatic iron metabolism is detrimental to health. The objective of this study was to detect repeated restraint stress on liver iron metabolism in rats. Twenty-four male rats aged 7 weeks were randomly divided into 2 groups: control group (Con) and repeated restraint stress group (RS). Rats were subjected to 6 h of daily restraint stress for 14 consecutive days in the repeated restraint stress group. The results showed that repeated restraint stress exposure decreased growth performance including impaired final weight (P = 0.07), reducing average daily gain (P = 0.01), and average daily feed intake (P = 0.00) during the 14-day experimental period. Repeated restraint stress exposure did not affect hemoglobin content and plasma iron parameters except downregulated unsaturated iron-binding capacity (P = 0.04). Repeated restraint stress exposure inhibited liver development (P = 0.03) and induced liver iron accumulation (P = 0.05). In addition, repeated restraint stress downregulated the expression of transferrin (TF) and transferrin receptor 2 (TFR2) at the mRNA level (P < 0.01), but upregulated at the protein level (P = 0.03 for TF; P = 0.00 for TFR2). These results indicated that repeated restraint stress induces hepatic iron accumulation, which is closely related to higher expression of hepatic TFR2 protein in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuxia Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingdong Ni
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruqian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqiang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang Road, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health & Food Safety, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Dexmedetomidine Protects against Ischemia and Reperfusion-Induced Kidney Injury in Rats. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:2120971. [PMID: 32317860 PMCID: PMC7157761 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2120971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI), a clinical syndrome, is a sudden onset of kidney failure that severely affects the kidney tubules. One potential treatment is dexmedetomidine (DEX), a highly selective α 2-adrenoreceptor agonist that is used as an anesthetic adjuvant. It also has anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and sympatholytic qualities. The aim of this study was to establish whether DEX also offers protection against ischemia and reperfusion- (I/R-) induced AKI in rats. An intraperitoneal injection of DEX (25 μg/kg) was administered 30 min prior to the induction of I/R. The results indicate that in the I/R rats, DEX played a protective role by reducing the damage to the tubules and maintaining renal function. Furthermore, in response to I/R, the DEX treatment reduced the mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and MCP-1 in the kidney tissues and the serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and MCP-1. DEX also reduced the levels of oxidative stress and apoptosis in the tubular cells. These results indicate that in response to I/R kidney injury, DEX plays a protective role by inhibiting inflammation and tubular cell apoptosis, reducing the production of reactive oxygen species, and promoting renal function.
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Zhou L, Chen L, Zeng X, Liao J, Ouyang D. Ginsenoside compound K alleviates sodium valproate-induced hepatotoxicity in rats via antioxidant effect, regulation of peroxisome pathway and iron homeostasis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 386:114829. [PMID: 31734319 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sodium valproate (SVP) is a first-line treatment for various forms of epilepsy; however, it can cause severe liver injury. Ginsenoside compound K (G-CK) is the main active ingredient of the traditional herbal medicine ginseng. According to our previous research, SVP-induced elevation of ALT and AST levels, as well as pathological changes of liver tissue, was believed to be significantly reversed by G-CK in LiCl-pilocarpine induced epileptic rats. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the protective effect of G-CK on hepatotoxicity caused by SVP. The rats treated with SVP showed liver injury with evident increases in hepatic index, transaminases activity, alkaline phosphatase level, hepatic triglyceride and lipid peroxidation; significant decreases in plasma albumin level and antioxidant capacity; and obvious changes in histopathological and subcellular structures. All of these changes could be mitigated by co-administration with G-CK. Proteomic analysis indicated that hepcidin, soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH, UniProt ID P80299), and the peroxisome pathway were involved in the hepatoprotective effect of G-CK. Changes in protein expression of hepcidin and sEH were verified by ELISA and Western blot analysis, respectively. In addition, we observed that the hepatic iron rose in SVP group and decreased in the combination group. In summary, our findings demonstrate the clear hepatoprotective effect of G-CK against SVP-induced hepatotoxicity through the antioxidant effect, regulation of peroxisome pathway relying on sEH (P80299) downregulation, as well as regulation of iron homeostasis dependent on hepcidin upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luping Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, P.R. China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, P.R. China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, P.R. China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Lulu Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, P.R. China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, P.R. China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, P.R. China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P.R. China; Hunan Key Laboratory for Bioanalysis of Complex Matrix Samples, Changsha, Hunan 410000, P.R. China
| | - Xiangchang Zeng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, P.R. China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, P.R. China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, P.R. China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Jianwei Liao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, P.R. China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, P.R. China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, P.R. China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Dongsheng Ouyang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, P.R. China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, P.R. China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, P.R. China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P.R. China; Hunan Key Laboratory for Bioanalysis of Complex Matrix Samples, Changsha, Hunan 410000, P.R. China.
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Bashandy SAE, El Awdan SA, Mohamed SM, Omara EAA. Allium porrum and Bauhinia Variegata Mitigate Acute Liver Failure and Nephrotoxicity Induced by Thioacetamide in Male Rats. Indian J Clin Biochem 2019; 35:147-157. [PMID: 32226246 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-018-0803-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The present work has been designed to investigate the hepatoprotective and renoprotective efficiency of alcoholic extract of Allium porrum and Bauhinia variegata leaves in thioacetamide-induced toxicity in adult Wistar rats. Allium porrum leaf extract, Bauhinia variegata leaf extract and their combinations were orally administered for 14 days then TAA (300 mg/kg) i.p. was injected once and the rats were sacrificed 2 days later. Plasma AST, ALT, GGT, total bilirubin, creatinine, urea, uric acid, triglyceride, cholesterol, HDL and LDL were measured. Liver MDA, GSH, CAT, SOD and TNF-α were evaluated. Histological examination was performed. The rats treated with TAA showed a significant increase in AST, ALT, GGT, total bilirubin, creatinine, urea, uric acid, total, triglyceride, cholesterol and HDL while it led to a significant decrease in protein and HDL. The treatment of rats with TAA resulted in a significant decrease of the hepatic GSH, SOD and CAT and a significant elevation of MDA and TNF-α. Allium porrum and Bauhinia variegata extracts alleviated the toxic effects of TAA on the liver and the kidney. In conclusion, treatment with Allium porrum and Bauhinia variegata extracts and their combination reduced deleterious effects of TAA on liver through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir A E Bashandy
- 1Department of Pharmacology, Medical Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St, Dokki, Cairo Egypt
| | - Sally A El Awdan
- 1Department of Pharmacology, Medical Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St, Dokki, Cairo Egypt
| | - Samy M Mohamed
- 2Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Buhoothst, Dokki, Cairo Egypt
| | - Enayat Abdel Aziz Omara
- 1Department of Pharmacology, Medical Division, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St, Dokki, Cairo Egypt
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10
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Rofaeil RR, Gaber SS. Gastroprotective effect of memantine in indomethacin-induced peptic ulcer in rats, a possible role for potassium channels. Life Sci 2019; 217:164-168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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11
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Grant JE, Chamberlain SR. A Pilot Examination of Oxidative Stress in Trichotillomania. Psychiatry Investig 2018; 15:1130-1134. [PMID: 30602106 PMCID: PMC6318485 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2018.09.07.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Trichotillomania is a relatively common illness whose neurobiology is poorly understood. One treatment for adult trichotillomania, n-acetyl cysteine (NAC), has antioxidative properties, as well as effects on central glutamatergic transmission. Preclinical models suggest that excessive oxidative stress may be involved in its pathophysiology. METHODS Adults with trichotillomania provided a blood sample for analysis of compounds that may be influenced by oxidative stress [glutathione, angiotensin II, ferritin, iron, glucose, insulin and insulin growth factor 1 (IGF1), and hepcidin]. Participants were examined on symptom severity, disability, and impulsivity. The number of participants with out-of-reference range oxidative stress measures were compared against the null distribution. Correlations between oxidative stress markers and clinical measures were examined. RESULTS Of 14 participants (mean age 31.2 years; 92.9% female), 35.7% (n=5) had total glutathione levels below the reference range (p= 0.041). Other oxidative stress measures did not have significant proportions outside the reference ranges. Lower levels of glutathione correlated significantly with higher motor impulsiveness (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale sub-score) (r=0.97, p=0.001). CONCLUSION A third of patients with trichotillomania had low levels of glutathione, and lower levels of glutathione correlated significantly with higher motor impulsiveness. Because NAC is a precursor for cysteine, and cysteine is a rate limiting step for glutathione production, these results may shed light on the mechanisms through which NAC can have beneficial effects for impulsive symptoms. Confirmation of these results requires a suitable larger follow-up study, including an internal normative control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon E. Grant
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Samuel R. Chamberlain
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK; & Cambridge and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
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12
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Aziz NM, Ragy MM, Ahmed SM. Somatostatin analogue, Octreotide, improves restraint stress-induced liver injury by ameliorating oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and activation of hepatic stellate cells. Cell Stress Chaperones 2018; 23:1237-1245. [PMID: 30109542 PMCID: PMC6237684 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-018-0929-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of somatostatin (SST) analogue, Octreotide, on some features of liver injury induced by immobilization stress (IS) in adult male albino rats. Eighteen adult male albino rats were randomly divided into three equal groups: control, IS, and Octreotide-treated stressed groups. Octreotide (40 μg/kg body weight, subcutaneously) was administrated twice daily for 8 days during the exposure to IS. Octreotide was found to reduce the IS significantly and induce elevations in the plasma level of corticosterone, liver transaminases, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) as compared with IS group. Furthermore, Octreotide administration has significantly elevated the decline in the total antioxidant capacities (TAC) and lowered the elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) levels observed with IS in the hepatic tissue. Additionally, Octreotide treatment provided protection against the histopathological changes in the stressed liver in the form of significant reduction in the mean number of degenerated hepatocytes, the area % of collagen fibers, and glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) immunostaining with a significant increase in the mean number of normal hepatocytes. In conclusion, stressed rats showed disturbed liver functions and its oxidant-antioxidant status with highly expression hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), which were all improved by Octreotide administration, SST analogue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neven Makram Aziz
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61111, Egypt
- Deraya University, New Minia, Egypt
| | - Merhan Mamdouh Ragy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61111, Egypt.
| | - Sabreen Mahmoud Ahmed
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61111, Egypt
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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Dexmedetomidine Ameliorates Acute Stress-Induced Kidney Injury by Attenuating Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis through Inhibition of the ROS/JNK Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:4035310. [PMID: 30250633 PMCID: PMC6140004 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4035310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Acute stress induces tissue damage through excessive oxidative stress. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) reportedly has an antioxidant effect. However, protective roles and related potential molecular mechanisms of DEX against kidney injury induced by acute stress are unknown. Herein, rats were forced to swim 15 min followed by restraint stress for 3 h with/without DEX (30 μg/kg). Successful model establishment was validated by an open-field test. Assessment of renal function (creatinine, urea nitrogen), histopathology, oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, glutathione, and superoxide dismutase), and apoptosis (transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling) was performed. Localization of apoptosis was determined by immunohistochemistry of cleaved caspase 3 protein. In addition, key proteins of the death receptor-mediated pathway, mitochondrial pathway, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) pathway, and ROS/JNK signaling pathway were measured by Western blot. We found that DEX significantly improved renal dysfunction, ameliorated kidney injury, reduced oxidative stress, and alleviated apoptosis. DEX also inhibited the release of norepinephrine (NE), decreased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inhibited JNK phosphorylation. Additionally, DEX downregulated the expression of Bax, cytochrome C, cleaved caspase 9, and cleaved caspase 3 proteins in mitochondria-dependent pathways. In summary, DEX protects against acute stress-induced kidney injury in rats by reducing oxidative stress and apoptosis via inhibition of the ROS/JNK pathway.
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