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Qu H, Zhang Y, Zhou X, Ou H, Lin K, Jin D, Kong Y, Ma N, Wei N. Components study on gastroprotective effect and holistic mechanism of the herbal pair Alpinia officinarum - Cyperus rotundus based on spectrum-effect relationship and integrated transcriptome and metabolome analyses. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 321:117494. [PMID: 38012972 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The herbal pair Alpinia officinarum-Cyperus rotundus (HPAC) has an extended history of use in the treatment of gastric ulcers, and its curative effect is definite. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the material basis and holistic mechanism of HPAC on ethanol-induced gastric ulcers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three chemometrics, GRA, OPLS, and BCA, were used to construct the spectrum-effect relationship between the HPLC fingerprints of HPAC extracts and the bioactivity indices (cell viability; the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, COX-2, and PGE2; and wound healing rate) against GES-1 cell damage to screen the bioactive ingredients. The bioactive components were isolated and validated in vitro. Simultaneously, the effects of HPAC with concentrated bioactive ingredients was tested on ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in vivo, and the mechanism was investigated using transcriptomics and metabolomics. The mechanism was further validated by Western blotting. Finally, the contents of the main components of HPAC were determined before and after compatibility. RESULTS Twelve bioactive components were screened, and the structures of nine compounds were confirmed. An in vitro verification test showed that DPHA and galangin could protect GES-1 cells from injury, and that their content increased after compatibility. The CH2Cl2 fraction of HPAC (HP-CH2Cl2) can protect mice from ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury by reducing hemorrhage and decreasing inflammatory cell infiltration. Western blot analysis indicated that this fraction may up-regulate TRPV1 protein and down-regulate PI3K and AKT proteins. CONCLUSIONS DPHA and galangin may be the bioactive components against ethanol-induced GES-1 cell injury. HP-CH2Cl2 may exert gastroprotective effects by regulating PI3K, AKT and TRPV1 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Qu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical TCMs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, Hainan Province, China; Hainan Branch of Qilu Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Qilu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nanhai Avenue 273-A, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical TCMs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical TCMs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Hongya Ou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical TCMs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Kaiwen Lin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical TCMs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, Hainan Province, China; Reproductive Medical Center, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Longkun South Road 75, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Dejun Jin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical TCMs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Yidan Kong
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical TCMs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, Hainan Province, China
| | - Ning Ma
- Reproductive Medical Center, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Longkun South Road 75, Haikou, Hainan Province, China.
| | - Na Wei
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical TCMs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Xueyuan Road 3, Haikou, Hainan Province, China.
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Zhang J, Xue Z, Zhao Q, Zhang K, Zhou A, Shi L, Liu Y. RNA-Sequencing Characterization of lncRNA and mRNA Functions in Septic Pig Liver Injury. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14040945. [PMID: 37107704 PMCID: PMC10137529 DOI: 10.3390/genes14040945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We assessed differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs and lncRNAs in the liver of septic pigs to explore the key factors regulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced liver injury. We identified 543 DE lncRNAs and 3642 DE mRNAs responsive to LPS. Functional enrichment analysis revealed the DE mRNAs were involved in liver metabolism and other pathways related to inflammation and apoptosis. We also found significantly upregulated endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-associated genes, including the receptor protein kinase receptor-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (EIF2S1), the transcription factor C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), and activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4). In addition, we predicted 247 differentially expressed target genes (DETG) of DE lncRNAs. The analysis of protein-protein interactions (PPI) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway detected key DETGs that are involved in metabolic pathways, such as N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 2 (GALNT2), argininosuccinate synthetase 1 (ASS1), and fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase 1 (FBP1). LNC_003307 was the most abundant DE lncRNA in the pig liver, with a marked upregulation of >10-fold after LPS stimulation. We identified three transcripts for this gene using the rapid amplification of the cDNA ends (RACE) technique and obtained the shortest transcript sequence. This gene likely derives from the nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) gene in pigs. According to the identified DETGs of LNC_003307, we hypothesize that this gene regulates inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress in LPS-induced liver damage in pigs. This study provides a transcriptomic reference for further understanding of the regulatory mechanisms underlying septic hepatic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Zhihui Xue
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Qingbo Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Keke Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Ao Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Liangyu Shi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Yulan Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Hubei Provincial Center of Technology Innovation for Domestic Animal Breeding, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
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Abulikemu A, Zhao X, Xu H, Li Y, Ma R, Yao Q, Wang J, Sun Z, Li Y, Guo C. Silica nanoparticles aggravated the metabolic associated fatty liver disease through disturbed amino acid and lipid metabolisms-mediated oxidative stress. Redox Biol 2022; 59:102569. [PMID: 36512914 PMCID: PMC9763688 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a public health challenge, leading to a global increase in chronic liver disease. The respiratory exposure of silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) has revealed to induce hepatotoxicity. However, its role in the pathogenesis and progression of MAFLD was severely under-studied. In this context, the hepatic impacts of SiNPs were investigated in vivo and in vitro through using ApoE-/- mice and free fatty acid (FFA)-treated L02 hepatocytes. Histopathological examinations and biochemical analysis showed SiNPs exposure via intratracheal instillation aggravated hepatic steatosis, lipid vacuolation, inflammatory infiltration and even collagen deposition in ApoE-/- mice, companied with increased hepatic ALT, AST and LDH levels. The enhanced fatty acid synthesis and inhibited fatty acid β-oxidation and lipid efflux may account for the increased hepatic TC/TG by SiNPs. Consistently, SiNPs induced lipid deposition and elevated TC in FFA-treated L02 cells. Further, the activation of hepatic oxidative stress was detected in vivo and in vitro, as evidenced by ROS accumulation, elevated MDA, declined GSH/GSSG and down-regulated Nrf2 signaling. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was also triggered in response to SiNPs-induced lipid accumulation, as reflecting by the remarkable ER expansion and increased BIP expression. More importantly, an UPLC-MS-based metabolomics analysis revealed that SiNPs disturbed the hepatic metabolic profile in ApoE-/- mice, prominently on amino acids and lipid metabolisms. In particular, the identified differential metabolites were strongly correlated to the activation of oxidative stress and ensuing hepatic TC/TG accumulation and liver injuries, contributing to the progression of liver diseases. Taken together, our study showed SiNPs promoted hepatic steatosis and liver damage, resulting in the aggravation of MAFLD progression. More importantly, the disturbed amino acids and lipid metabolisms-mediated oxidative stress was a key contributor to this phenomenon from a metabolic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alimire Abulikemu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xinying Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China,Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Hailin Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China,Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Ru Ma
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Qing Yao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China,Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Ji Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China,Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China,Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yanbo Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Caixia Guo
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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4
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Ahmed RF, Nasr M, Abd Elbaset M, Hussein AF, Ahmed-Farid OAH, Shafee N, Shabana ME. Combating hematopoietic and hepatocellular abnormalities resulting from administration of cisplatin: Role of liver targeted glycyrrhetinic acid nanoliposomes loaded with amino acids. Pharm Dev Technol 2022; 27:925-941. [PMID: 36168910 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2022.2129687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The effectiveness of cisplatin in cancer treatment renders its use vital to clinicians. However, the accompanying side effects as cachexia, emesis and liver damage necessitate the use of a dietary supplement which is capable of hindering such undesirable complications. The branched chain amino acids as well as glutamine and arginine have been proven to be effective nutritional co-adjuvant therapeutic agents. Furthermore, new pharmaceutical approaches encompass designing organ-targeted nanoformulations to increase the medicinal efficacy. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the beneficial effects of liver-targeted amino acids-loaded nanoliposomes in counteracting the adverse hematopoietic and hepatic complications associated with cisplatin. Results revealed the use of the combination of two nanoliposomal formulations (one loading leucine + isolecuine + valine, and the other loading glutamine and arginine) given orally at a dose of 200 mg/kg for twelve days was effective against cisplatin-induced toxicities represented by improvement in the complete blood picture parameters, decrease in the serum hepatic enzymes levels, amelioration of the hepatic oxidative stress and cellular energy imbalance along with reduction in the histopathological abnormalities. It can be concluded that amino acids loaded nanoliposomes could be considered a new strategy in preventing cisplatin's adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania F Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical studies Institute, National Research Centre, (ID: 60014618), Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Maha Nasr
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Marawan Abd Elbaset
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical studies Institute, National Research Centre, (ID: 60014618), Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Alyaa F Hussein
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical studies Institute, National Research Centre, (ID: 60014618), Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Omar A H Ahmed-Farid
- Department of Physiology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, 12553, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nermin Shafee
- Department of Pathology, Medical Research and Clinical studies Institute, National Research Centre, (ID: 60014618), Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Marwa E Shabana
- Department of Pathology, Medical Research and Clinical studies Institute, National Research Centre, (ID: 60014618), Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt
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5
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Huang L, He X, Peng W, He X, Xu B, Xu H, Wang Y, Xu W, Chen W, Wang S, Zhou L, Liu N, Xu Y, Lu W. Hyperuricemia induces liver injury by upregulating HIF-1α and inhibiting arginine biosynthesis pathway in mouse liver and human L02 hepatocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 617:55-61. [PMID: 35696777 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.05.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms of uric acid (UA)-induced liver injury has not been clearly elucidated. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect and action mechanisms of UA in liver injury. We analyzed the damaging effect of UA on mouse liver and L02 cells and subsequently performed metabolomics studies on L02 cells to identify abnormal metabolic pathways. Finally, we verified transcription factors that regulate related metabolic enzymes. UA directly activated the hepatic NLRP3 inflammasome and Bax apoptosis pathway invivo and invitro. Related metabolites in the arginine biosynthesis pathway (or urea cycle), l-arginine and l-argininosuccinate were decreased, and ammonia was increased in UA-stimulated L02 cells, which was mediated by carbamoyl phosphate synthase 1 (CPS1), argininosuccinate synthase (ASS) and argininosuccinate lyase (ASL) downregulation. UA upregulated hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1α) invivo and invitro, and HIF-1α inhibition alleviated the UA-induced ASS downregulation and hepatocyte injury. In conclusion, UA upregulates HIF-1α and inhibits urea cycle enzymes (UCEs). This leads to liver injury, with evidence of hepatocyte inflammation, apoptosis and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Huang
- Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xinyu He
- Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Wen Peng
- Department of Oncology, The People's Hospital of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Xueqing He
- Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Bei Xu
- Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Hu Xu
- Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yaoxing Wang
- Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Wenjun Xu
- Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Wentong Chen
- Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Center for Scientific Rrsearch, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Lanlan Zhou
- School of Medical Technology and Nursing, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Youzhi Xu
- Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Wenjie Lu
- Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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6
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Esmat MA, Osman A, Hassan RE, Hagag SA, El-Maghraby TK. Hepatoprotective effect of ferulic acid and/or low doses of γ-irradiation against cisplatin-induced liver injury in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271221136205. [PMID: 36270770 DOI: 10.1177/09603271221136205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic efficacy of cisplatin (CIS) is limited owing to its hepatotoxic side effects. The current study aimed to investigate the protective impact of ferulic acid (FA) and low-doses of γ-irradiation (LDR) against CIS-prompted hepatotoxicity in rats. Adult male Swiss albino rats were divided into eight groups: untreated group; FA, LDR, and CIS treated groups; and combinations of one or more of the above treatments. Post-treatment analyses included measuring redox markers like SOD and CAT activity, NO free radical content, and lipid peroxidation in liver tissue. Serum aminotransferase activities were also determined. Additionally, gene transcript levels of liver NF-ҡB-P65, caspase-1, COX-2, and IL-1β were quantified. Moreover, immunohistochemistry for caspase-3 and histopathological examinations were estimated in liver tissue. Our findings revealed increased levels of oxidative stress along with a significant reduction in anti-oxidative responses and a significant increase in serum aminotransferase activities in the CIS-intoxicated group. A similar increase was also observed in COX-2 and IL-1β transcript levels and caspase-3 enzyme activity, besides a decrease in transcript levels of NF-ҡB-p65 and caspase-1, indicating an overall inflammatory trend and an increase in the apoptotic shift. The co-administration of FA and/or treatment with LDR has ameliorated the hepatotoxic effect induced by CIS. The histopathological investigation of liver tissues confirmed this ameliorating action of these adjuvant therapies against CIS toxicity. In conclusion, it is plausible to suggest that the hepatoprotective effects of co-administration of FA and/or LDR against CIS-induced hepatotoxicity are attributed to the possession of anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa A Esmat
- Department of Radiation Biology, 110168National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Osman
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, 247928Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
- Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rasha E Hassan
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, 247928Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sanaa A Hagag
- Department of Radiation Biology, 110168National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tarek K El-Maghraby
- Department of Radiation Biology, 110168National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
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Lim JJ, Li X, Lehmler HJ, Wang D, Gu H, Cui JY. Gut Microbiome Critically Impacts PCB-induced Changes in Metabolic Fingerprints and the Hepatic Transcriptome in Mice. Toxicol Sci 2021; 177:168-187. [PMID: 32544245 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitously detected and have been linked to metabolic diseases. Gut microbiome is recognized as a critical regulator of disease susceptibility; however, little is known how PCBs and gut microbiome interact to modulate hepatic xenobiotic and intermediary metabolism. We hypothesized the gut microbiome regulates PCB-mediated changes in the metabolic fingerprints and hepatic transcriptome. Ninety-day-old female conventional and germ-free mice were orally exposed to the Fox River Mixture (synthetic PCB mixture, 6 or 30 mg/kg) or corn oil (vehicle control, 10 ml/kg), once daily for 3 consecutive days. RNA-seq was conducted in liver, and endogenous metabolites were measured in liver and serum by LC-MS. Prototypical target genes of aryl hydrocarbon receptor, pregnane X receptor, and constitutive androstane receptor were more readily upregulated by PCBs in conventional conditions, indicating PCBs, to the hepatic transcriptome, act partly through the gut microbiome. In a gut microbiome-dependent manner, xenobiotic, and steroid metabolism pathways were upregulated, whereas response to misfolded proteins-related pathways was downregulated by PCBs. At the high PCB dose, NADP, and arginine appear to interact with drug-metabolizing enzymes (ie, Cyp1-3 family), which are highly correlated with Ruminiclostridium and Roseburia, providing a novel explanation of gut-liver interaction from PCB-exposure. Utilizing the Library of Integrated Network-based Cellular Signatures L1000 database, therapeutics targeting anti-inflammatory and endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways are predicted to be remedies that can mitigate PCB toxicity. Our findings demonstrate that habitation of the gut microbiota drives PCB-mediated hepatic responses. Our study adds knowledge of physiological response differences from PCB exposure and considerations for further investigations for gut microbiome-dependent therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Jongpyo Lim
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Xueshu Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242; and
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242; and
| | - Dongfang Wang
- Arizona Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Nutrition and Health Promotion, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259
| | - Haiwei Gu
- Arizona Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Nutrition and Health Promotion, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259
| | - Julia Yue Cui
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
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Li X, Mu J, Lin Y, Zhao J, Meng X. Combination of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and cisplatin induces oxidative stress and apoptosis in HeLa cells by reducing activity of endogenous antioxidants, increasing bax/bcl-2 mRNA expression ratio, and downregulating Nrf2 expression. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13806. [PMID: 34080212 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Investigation on potentiation of existing drugs with natural compounds to enhance efficacy and reduce toxic effect of the drugs has been increasing in recent years. This paper reports cytotoxic effect (apoptosis-related and oxidative stress-related effect) of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G), cisplatin (DDP), and their combination (C3G-DDP) on cervical cancer HeLa cells. Concentration of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was determined by employing fluorescent marker 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate. On the other hand, malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) concentration, and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were quantitated by commercially available assay kits. C3G-DDP significantly inhibited the activity of SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px. Simultaneously, C3G-DDP reduced GSH concentration while increased the concentration of ROS and MDA. Moreover, Western blot analysis suggested that C3G-DDP significantly reduced the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) and Nrf2 target proteins: heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1). In contrast, C3G-DDP increased the expression of Keap1. Furthermore, C3G-DDP significantly upregulated and downregulated the mRNA expressions of bax and bcl-2, respectively, thereby increasing bax/bcl-2 mRNA expression ratio. Overall, our findings propose that potentiation of DDP with C3G improves cancer cell susceptibility, specifically cervical cancer cells, to DDP. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Cisplatin is recommended by most medical oncologists worldwide to treat cancer. Despite its neoplastic efficacy, it has undesirable side effects including nausea, vomiting, nephrotoxicity, and hepatotoxicity. Natural biologically active food ingredients are suggested to be used as antioxidants along with DDP therapy to prevent cisplatin-induced toxicity. C3G-DDP protected HeLa cells from oxidative stress by reducing NQO1 and HO-1 levels and regulated the Nrf2 signaling pathway. In addition, C3G-DDP protected HeLa cells from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis by increasing bcl-2 levels and decreasing bax levels. These results expanded our understanding of the role of C3G in a cervical cancer cell model, and provided a potential new treatment strategy for this cancer, as well as a theoretical basis for the development of new drugs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.,Liaoning Vocational Technical College of Modern Service, Shenyang, China
| | - Jingjing Mu
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Lin
- Liaoning Vocational Technical College of Modern Service, Shenyang, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xianjun Meng
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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Dietary supplementation with N-carbamoylglutamate initiated from the prepartum stage improves lactation performance of postpartum dairy cows. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2021; 7:232-238. [PMID: 33997352 PMCID: PMC8110860 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of supplementing N-carbamoylglutamate (NCG), an Arg enhancer, on amino acid (AA) supply and utilization and productive performance of early-lactating dairy cows. Thirty multiparous Chinese Holstein dairy cows were randomly divided into control (CON, n = 15) and NCG (CON diet supplemented with NCG at 20 g/d per cow, n = 15) groups at 4 wk before calving. Diets were offered individually in tie-stalls, and NCG was supplemented by top-dress feeding onto total mixed ration for the NCG group. The experiment lasted until wk 10 after calving. Dry matter intake tended to be higher (P = 0.06), and yields of milk (P < 0.01), milk protein (P < 0.01), and milk fat (P < 0.01) were higher in the NCG-cows than in the CON-cows. Plasma activities of aspartate aminotransferase (P < 0.01), alanine aminotransferase (P = 0.03), and plasma level of β-hydroxybutyrate (P = 0.04) were lower in the NCG-cows than in the CON-cows, whereas plasma glucose (P = 0.05) and nitric oxide (NO, P < 0.01) concentrations were higher. Coccygeal vein concentrations of Cys (P < 0.01), Pro (P < 0.01), Tyr (P = 0.05), most essential AA except Thr and His (P < 0.01), total essential AA (P < 0.01), and total AA (P < 0.01) were higher in the NCG-cows than in the CON-cows. The arterial supply of all AA was greater in the NCG-cows than in the CON-cows. The NCG-cows had higher mammary plasma flow of AA (P = 0.04) and clearance rate of Cys (P < 0.01), Pro (P < 0.01) and Asp (P < 0.01), and higher ratios of uptake to output of Met (P = 0.05), Lys (P < 0.01), Cys (P = 0.01), Pro (P = 0.03), and Asp (P = 0.01). In summary, addition of NCG initiated from the prepartum period improved the lactation performance of postpartum dairy cows, which might attribute to greater Arg and NO concentrations, as well as improved AA supply and utilization, liver function, and feed intake in these cows.
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Habib SA, Suddek GM, Abdel Rahim M, Abdelrahman RS. The protective effect of protocatechuic acid on hepatotoxicity induced by cisplatin in mice. Life Sci 2021; 277:119485. [PMID: 33864821 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin is one of the most potent anti-cancer drugs used for the treatment of various solid tumors, yet it has several side effects that may limit its clinical use. Hepatotoxicity is one of the most serious side effects as it may lead to liver failure. Several mechanisms including oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis have been examined in cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity. Protocatechuic acid (Proto) which is naturally occurring phenolic acid has shown different biological activity as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic. In this study, we investigate the protective effect of Proto at two doses 100 and 150 mg/kg on hepatotoxicity induced by a single injection of 10 mg/kg cisplatin in female albino mice. The present study demonstrates for the first time that Proto administration (100 and 150 mg/Kg) significantly attenuates cisplatin-induced changes in liver function [increase serum albumin and decrease liver injury markers ALT, AST, GGT, and bilirubin]. This was associated with marked hepatic antioxidant effects [decrease MDA and NO levels, increase GSH and SOD activity]. Moreover, Proto reduced cisplatin-induced apoptosis in the liver through decreasing caspase-3, annexin-V, and BAX. Both doses suppressed cisplatin-induced expression of iNOS and NF-ᴋB p65 subunit and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α). Also, Proto improved histopathological examination of the liver. The present findings reveal that the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects of Proto are the main mechanisms by which Proto can ameliorate cisplatin-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally A Habib
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ghada M Suddek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mona Abdel Rahim
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Rehab S Abdelrahman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madina Al-Munawwarah 30001, Saudi Arabia.
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Habib SA, Abdelrahman RS, Abdel Rahim M, Suddek GM. Anti-apoptotic effect of vinpocetine on cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity in mice: The role of Annexin-V, Caspase-3, and Bax. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 34:e22555. [PMID: 32578916 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic damage is one of the most common complications related to cisplatin (Cis) use. Recently, liver protection lines are being discovered to avoid hepatic cell death as a result of oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic disturbance. Limited data reported the hepatoprotective effect of vinpocetine (Vin) in acute liver injury models. This study was designed to determine the potential protective effect of Vin (10-30 mg/kg, orally) against Cis-induced liver injury (10 mg/kg, IP) in mice. Vin administration for 1 week before Cis injection until the end of the experiment. On the 6th day after Cis injection, mice were anesthetized, blood and tissue samples were collected. Hepatic function, histological changes, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptotic markers were investigated. Vin administration ameliorated liver injury as indicated by decreased liver injury parameters; serum aminotransferases, ALK-P, GGT, and bilirubin, restored the anti-oxidant status by decrease MDA and NOx , and increased GSH and SOD, inhibited inflammation (IL-6, TNF-α, NFκB-p65, and iNOS) and apoptosis (Annexin-V, Bax, and Caspase-3) parameters. Vin confers dose-dependent protection against Cis-induced liver injury. The hepatoprotective effect of Vin involved anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally A Habib
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rehab S Abdelrahman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madina Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona Abdel Rahim
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ghada M Suddek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Pınar N, Çakırca G, Hakverdi S, Kaplan M. Protective effect of alpha lipoic acid on cisplatin induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Biotech Histochem 2019; 95:219-224. [DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2019.1667025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Neslihan Pınar
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Gökhan Çakırca
- Department of Biochemistry, Sanliurfa Mehmet Akif Inan Training and Research Hospital, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Sibel Hakverdi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Mahir Kaplan
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
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