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Wen XY, Yang N, Gao Y, Ma WN, Fu Y, Geng RF, Zhang YL. PRDX1 exerts a photoprotection effect by inhibiting oxidative stress and regulating MAPK signaling on retinal pigment epithelium. BMC Ophthalmol 2024; 24:237. [PMID: 38844903 PMCID: PMC11155104 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-024-03489-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate the photoprotection effect of peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1) protein in ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation-induced damage of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and its possible molecular mechanism. METHODS ARPE-19 cell viability and apoptosis were assessed by MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the PRDX1 expression. The corresponding kits were employed to measure the levels or activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD). Western blotting was applied to examine PRDX1 expression and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway-related proteins. RESULTS After exposure to 20 mJ/cm2 intensity of UVB irradiation for 24 h, ARPE-19 cells viability was decreased, the leakage degree of LDH and 8-OHdG were increased, and cell apoptosis was elevated. The expression of PRDX1 was significantly down-regulated in UVB-induced ARPE-19 cells. The low expression of PRDX1 was involved in high irradiation intensity. Overexpression of PRDX1 increased cell activity, decreased cell apoptosis, and LDH as well as 8-OHdG leakage in UVB-induced ARPE-19 cells. In addition to alleviating UVB-induced cell damage, PRDX1 overexpression also inhibited UVB-induced oxidative stress (down-regulation of ROS and MDA levels, up-regulation of GSH-Px and SOD activities) and the activation of MAPK signaling pathway in ARPE-19 cells. CONCLUSION PRDX1 exerts a photoprotection effect on RPE by attenuating UVB-induced cell damage and inhibiting oxidative stress, which can be attributed to the inhibition of MAPK signaling pathway activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ying Wen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Baoding NO.1 Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Na Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Baoding NO.1 Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Baoding NO.1 Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Wei-Na Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Baoding NO.1 Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Yan Fu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Baoding NO.1 Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Ren-Fei Geng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Baoding NO.1 Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Yue-Ling Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Baoding NO.1 Central Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, China.
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Xie N, Ma R, Wang L, Shu Y, He P, Zhou Y, Xiang Y, Wang Y. Cannabidiol regulates the activation of hepatic stellate cells by modulating the NOX4 and NF-κB pathways. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 186:114517. [PMID: 38382869 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD) is an extract of natural cannabinoids that has therapeutic implications for a variety of ailments, such as neurological diseases, cardiomyopathy, and diabetes, due to its strong anti-inflammatory and oxidative stress properties. Our purpose was to reveal the possible underlying mechanisms and effect of CBD on the glucose oxidase (GO)-induced activation of HSC-T6 and LX-2 cells. The results showed that CBD effectively inhibited the proliferation and activation of HSC-T6 and LX-2 cells, and reduced the production of profibrotic factors to different degrees. CBD disrupted the NOX4 signalling pathway in activated HSC-T6 and LX-2 cells, reduced ROS and MDA levels, and increased SOD and GSH levels, thereby stabilizing the oxidative imbalance. CBD significantly inhibited the phosphorylation and degradation of NF-κB and IκBα, and decreased the release of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6. Moreover, CBD and an NF-κB-specific inhibitor (CAPE) effectively inhibited the expression of α-SMA, COL I, TNF-α and IL-1β to promote collagen metabolism and inhibit the inflammatory response. Overall, CBD inhibited HSCs activation through a and the mechanism involving the inhibition of NOX4 and NF-κB-dependent ROS regulation, thereby reducing inflammation and ameliorating oxidative imbalances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Xie
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China; Xindu District People's Hospital, Department of Medical Laboratory, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Run Ma
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Lian Wang
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Yuanhui Shu
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China; School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Ping He
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China; School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China; School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Yining Xiang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China; School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550004, China.
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Willett RA, Tryndyak VP, Beland FA, Pogribny IP. Cellular and molecular alterations in a human hepatocellular in vitro model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease development and stratification. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART C, TOXICOLOGY AND CARCINOGENESIS 2024; 42:74-92. [PMID: 38105681 DOI: 10.1080/26896583.2023.2293493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The rapidly increasing incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing health crisis worldwide. If not detected early, NAFLD progression can lead to irreversible pathological states, including liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Using in vitro models to understand the molecular pathogenesis has been extremely beneficial; however, most studies have utilized only short-term exposures, highlighting a limitation in current research to model extended fat-induced liver injury. We treated Hep3B cells continuously with a low dose of oleic and palmitic free fatty acids (FFAs) for 7 or 28 days. Transcriptomic analysis identified dysregulated molecular pathways and differential expression of 984 and 917 genes after FFA treatment for 7 and 28 days respectively. DNA methylation analysis of altered DNA methylated regions (DMRs) found 7 DMRs in common. Pathway analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) revealed transcriptomic changes primarily involved in lipid metabolism, small molecule biochemistry, and molecular transport. Western blot analysis revealed changes in PDK4 and CPT1A protein levels, indicative of mitochondrial stress. In line with this, there was mitochondrial morphological change demonstrating breakdown of the mitochondrial network. This in vitro model of human NAFL mimics results observed in human patients and may be used as a pre-clinical model for drug intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose A Willett
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, FDA-National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - Volodymyr P Tryndyak
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, FDA-National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - Frederick A Beland
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, FDA-National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
| | - Igor P Pogribny
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, FDA-National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA
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Wang GY, Xu X, Xiong DY, Deng L, Liu W, Huang XT. CPT1A as a potential therapeutic target for lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1600. [PMID: 38238472 PMCID: PMC10796431 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52042-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) remains a high mortality rate with dramatic lung inflammation and alveolar epithelial cell death. Although fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) impairment has been implicated in the pathogenesis of ALI, whether Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A), the rate-limiting enzyme for FAO, plays roles in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI remains unclear. Accordingly, we focused on exploring the effect of CPT1A in the context of ALI and the underlying mechanisms. We found that overexpression of CPT1A (AAV-CPT1A) effectively alleviated lung injury by reduction of lung wet-to-dry ratio, inflammatory cell infiltration, and protein levels in the BALF of ALI mice. Meanwhile, AAV-CPT1A significantly lessened histopathological changes and several cytokines' secretions. In contrast, blocking CPT1A with etomoxir augmented inflammatory responses and lung injury in ALI mice. Furthermore, we found that overexpression of CPT1A with lentivirus reduced the apoptosis rates of alveolar epithelial cells and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins induced by LPS in MLE12 cells, while etomoxir increased the apoptosis of MLE12 cells. Overexpression of CPT1A prevented the drop in bioenergetics, palmitate oxidation, and ATP levels. In conclusion, the results rendered CPT1A worthy of further development into a pharmaceutical drug for the treatment of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Yun Wang
- Shandong Xiehe University, Jinan, 250109, Shandong, China
| | - Xia Xu
- Shandong Xiehe University, Jinan, 250109, Shandong, China
| | - Da-Yan Xiong
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Lang Deng
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao-Ting Huang
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
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Varışlı B, Caglayan C, Kandemir FM, Gür C, Ayna A, Genç A, Taysı S. Chrysin mitigates diclofenac-induced hepatotoxicity by modulating oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress in rats. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:433-442. [PMID: 36344803 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07928-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diclofenac (DF) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) generally prescribed for the treatment of pain. In spite of the widespread use of DF, hepatotoxicity has been reported after its administration. The current study discloses new evidence as regards of the curative effects of chrysin (CHR) on DF-induced hepatotoxicity by regulating oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. METHODS The animals were separated into five different groups. Group-I was in control. Group-II received CHR-only (50 mg/kg bw, p.o.) on all 5 days. Group-III received DF-only (50 mg/kg bw, i.p.) on 4th and 5th day. Group-IV received DF (50 mg/kg bw) + CHR (25 mg/kg, bw) and group-V received DF (50 mg/kg, bw) + CHR (50 mg/kg, bw) for 5 days. RESULTS DF injection was associated with increased MDA while reduced GSH level, activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase and mRNA levels of HO-1 and Nrf2 in the liver. DF injection caused apoptosis and autophagy in the liver by up-regulating caspase-3, Bax, LC3A, and LC3B levels and down-regulating Bcl-2. DF also caused ER stress by increasing mRNA transcript levels of ATF-6, IRE1, PERK, and GRP78. Additionally, it was observed that DF administration up-regulated MMP2 and MMP9. However, treatment with CHR at a dose of 25 and 50 mg/kg considerably ameliorated oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, and ER stress in liver tissue. CONCLUSION Overall, the data of this study indicate that liver damage associated with DF toxicity could be ameliorated by CHR administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behçet Varışlı
- Vocational School of Health Sevices, Final International University, Cyprus, Turkey
| | - Cuneyt Caglayan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Bilecik, Turkey.
| | - Fatih Mehmet Kandemir
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey.
| | - Cihan Gür
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Adnan Ayna
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Literature, Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
| | - Aydın Genç
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
| | - Seyithan Taysı
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical School, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
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Wang F, Hong Y, Jiang W, Wang Y, Chen M, Zang D, Zhu Q. ROS-mediated inflammatory response in liver damage via regulating the Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3 pathway in mice with trichloroethylene hypersensitivity syndrome. J Immunotoxicol 2022; 19:100-108. [PMID: 36070617 DOI: 10.1080/1547691x.2022.2111003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Trichloroethylene hypersensitivity syndrome (THS), mainly caused by occupational exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE), can give rise to serious and fatal hepatic damage. To date, the precise mechanisms of hepatic damage in THS remain unclear. Recent studies showed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a core role in cell death and inflammatory response. Therefore, the present study sought to explore whether ROS-mediated inflammatory responses contribute to the hepatic damage in TCE sensitization. To this end, a mouse model of TCE sensitization was established; in some cases, hosts were pretreated with tempol, an ROS scavenger. The results showed that TCE sensitization caused hepatic pathological/functional changes, ROS generation, and oxidative stress, alterations of the anti-oxidant defense Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3 pathway, and pro-inflammatory cytokine formation in the liver. ROS scavenging via pretreatment with tempol was found not only to inhibit the hepatic oxidative stress, but also to regulate Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3 pathway activity. In all cases, tempol was able to mitigate the pathologic changes induced by TCE sensitization. In summary, the results here demonstrated a novel molecular mechanism wherein ROS-mediated inflammatory responses play a central role in TCE-induced liver damage. Therapies targeting ROS scavenging could help to protect against hepatic damage by regulating Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3 pathway activities in TCE-sensitized hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Ministry of Education, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yiting Hong
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yican Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Muyue Chen
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Dandan Zang
- Center for Scientific Research and Experiment, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qixing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Ministry of Education, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Panzarini E, Leporatti S, Tenuzzo BA, Quarta A, Hanafy NAN, Giannelli G, Moliterni C, Vardanyan D, Sbarigia C, Fidaleo M, Tacconi S, Dini L. Therapeutic Effect of Polymeric Nanomicelles Formulation of LY2157299-Galunisertib on CCl 4-Induced Liver Fibrosis in Rats. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12111812. [PMID: 36579532 PMCID: PMC9692463 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12111812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis (HF) is a major cause of liver-related disorders and together with cancer-associated fibroblasts can favor liver cancer development by modulating the tumor microenvironment. Advanced HF, characterized by an excess of extracellular matrix (ECM), is mediated by TGF- β1, that activates hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and fibroblasts. A TGF-β1 receptor inhibitor, LY2157299 or Galunisertib (GLY), has shown promising results against chronic liver progression in animal models, and we show that it can be further improved by enhancing GLYs bioavailability through encapsulation in polymeric polygalacturonic-polyacrylic acid nanomicelles (GLY-NMs). GLY-NMs reduced HF in an in vivo rat model of liver fibrosis induced by intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 as shown by the morphological, biochemical, and molecular biology parameters of normal and fibrotic livers. Moreover, GLY-NM was able to induce recovery from HF better than free GLY. Indeed, the encapsulated drug reduces collagen deposition, hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation, prevents fatty degeneration and restores the correct lobular architecture of the liver as well as normalizes the serum parameters and expression of the genes involved in the onset of HF. In summary, GLY-NM improved the pharmacological activity of the free TGF- β1 inhibitor in the in vivo HF treatment and thus is a candidate as a novel therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Panzarini
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (E.P.); (B.A.T.); (D.V.)
| | - Stefano Leporatti
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) NANOTEC istituto di Nanotecnologia-Istituto di Nanotecnologia, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (S.L.); (A.Q.)
| | - Bernardetta Anna Tenuzzo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (E.P.); (B.A.T.); (D.V.)
| | - Alessandra Quarta
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) NANOTEC istituto di Nanotecnologia-Istituto di Nanotecnologia, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (S.L.); (A.Q.)
| | - Nemany A. N. Hanafy
- Nanomedicine Department, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El Sheikh 6860404, Egypt;
| | - Gianluigi Giannelli
- National Institute of Gastroenterology S. De Bellis, IRCCS Research Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy;
| | - Camilla Moliterni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Diana Vardanyan
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (E.P.); (B.A.T.); (D.V.)
| | - Carolina Sbarigia
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (C.S.)
| | - Marco Fidaleo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (C.S.)
- Research Center for Nanotechnology for Engineering of Sapienza (CNIS), Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (S.T.); (L.D.)
| | - Stefano Tacconi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (C.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (S.T.); (L.D.)
| | - Luciana Dini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (C.M.); (C.S.)
- Research Center for Nanotechnology for Engineering of Sapienza (CNIS), Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.F.); (S.T.); (L.D.)
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Chen W, Zou J, Shi X, Huang H. Downregulation of CPT1A exerts a protective effect in dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis partially by inhibiting PPARα signaling pathway. Drug Dev Res 2022; 83:1408-1418. [PMID: 35749635 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that may progress to colorectal cancer in severe cases. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1A (CPT1A) has been reported to be upregulated in colorectal cancer. This paper aims to explore the role of CPT1A in UC and its pathogenesis. An in vivo mice model of UC was constructed by administrating 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). The expression level of CPT1A was examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. The intestinal damage, inflammatory response and oxidative stress were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining, colon length, and commercial kits. Thereafter, an in vitro cell model of UC was established by stimulating HT-29 cells with 2% DSS. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) signaling agonist GW7647 was used for treatment. Cell viability and apoptosis was assayed by cell counting kit-8 assay and terminal dUTP nick-end labeling assay, respectively. The inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress-related factors was evaluated using corresponding commercial detection kits. In DSS-induced mice model of UC, CPT1A expression was upregulated. Interference of CPT1A attenuated histological damage, the disease activity index and colon length in colitis. We also found downregulation of CPT1A inhibited inflammatory response and oxidative stress, and inhibited PPARα signaling pathway in UC mice. Additionally, in DSS-induced HT-29 cells, downregulation of CPT1A promoted cell viability, reduced cell apoptosis, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress, which was partly abolished by additional treatment with GW7647. In summary, downregulation of CPT1A exerts a protective effect in DSS-induced UC partially through suppressing PPARα signaling, suggesting that CPT1A might be a potential target for the treatment of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinyan Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinyuan Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huifeng Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
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Antioxidant Effects of Irisin in Liver Diseases: Mechanistic Insights. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3563518. [PMID: 35035659 PMCID: PMC8759828 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3563518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a crucial factor in the development of various liver diseases. Irisin, a metabolic hormone discovered in 2012, is mainly produced by proteolytic cleavage of fibronectin type III domain containing 5 (FNDC5) in skeletal muscles. Irisin is induced by physical exercise, and a rapidly growing body of literature suggests that irisin is, at least partially, responsible for the beneficial effects of regular exercise. The major biological function of irisin is believed to be involved in the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis. However, recent studies have suggested the therapeutic potential of irisin against a variety of liver diseases involving its antioxidative function. In this review, we aim to summarize the accumulating evidence demonstrating the antioxidative effects of irisin in liver diseases, with an emphasis on the current understanding of the potential molecular mechanisms.
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Zhao M, Wang Q, Liu L, Geng T, Gong D. Mitochondrial-bound hexokinase 1 can affect the glucolipid metabolism and reactive oxygen species production in goose fatty liver. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2022.2029589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minmeng Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Long Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tuoyu Geng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Daoqing Gong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Beneficial Effects of Jujube Juice Fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum NXU19009 on Acute Alcoholic Liver Injury in Mice. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8020054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Red jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) is an important fruit that has the concomitant function of both medicine and food. It has been proven to be rich in various bioactive components. In the present study, jujube juice was fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum NXU19009 to enhance the flavor and nutritional benefits. Its potential for the prevention and treatment of acute alcohol induced-liver injury in mice was examined in this study. The results showed that the administration of the fermented jujube juice along with alcohol significantly decreased (p < 0.01) the liver indices, as well as the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), total triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and liver malondialdehyde (MDA) in the serum. In contrast, the levels of liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) in mice administered with fermented jujube juice were found to increase significantly (p < 0.01). Furthermore, the administration of fermented jujube juice in mice was found to alter their intestinal microbiota and an improvement was observed based on the results obtained in the histopathology examination. Therefore, Jujube juice fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum NXU19009 protects against liver injury and may prove to be an effective supplement to attenuate acute alcoholic liver injury.
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Wang M, Wang K, Liao X, Hu H, Chen L, Meng L, Gao W, Li Q. Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase System: A New Target for Anti-Inflammatory and Anticancer Therapy? Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:760581. [PMID: 34764874 PMCID: PMC8576433 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.760581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism involves multiple biological processes. As one of the most important lipid metabolic pathways, fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and its key rate-limiting enzyme, the carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) system, regulate host immune responses and thus are of great clinical significance. The effect of the CPT system on different tissues or organs is complex: the deficiency or over-activation of CPT disrupts the immune homeostasis by causing energy metabolism disorder and inflammatory oxidative damage and therefore contributes to the development of various acute and chronic inflammatory disorders and cancer. Accordingly, agonists or antagonists targeting the CPT system may become novel approaches for the treatment of diseases. In this review, we first briefly describe the structure, distribution, and physiological action of the CPT system. We then summarize the pathophysiological role of the CPT system in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchial asthma, acute lung injury, chronic granulomatous disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatic ischemia–reperfusion injury, kidney fibrosis, acute kidney injury, cardiovascular disorders, and cancer. We are also concerned with the current knowledge in either preclinical or clinical studies of various CPT activators/inhibitors for the management of diseases. These compounds range from traditional Chinese medicines to novel nanodevices. Although great efforts have been made in studying the different kinds of CPT agonists/antagonists, only a few pharmaceuticals have been applied for clinical uses. Nevertheless, research on CPT activation or inhibition highlights the pharmacological modulation of CPT-dependent FAO, especially on different CPT isoforms, as a promising anti-inflammatory/antitumor therapeutic strategy for numerous disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muyun Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ximing Liao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyang Hu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangzhi Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Linlin Meng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Li B, Wang R, Wang L, Zhang G, Zhang Y. Capillin protects against non-alcoholic steatohepatitis through suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation and oxidative stress. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2021; 43:778-789. [PMID: 34618611 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2021.1984520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is an extreme form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The present study concentrated on the role of Capillin, a polyacetylene compound isolated from Artemisia capillaris Thunb., in NASH development. MATERIALS AND METHODS Palmitic acid (PA) was treated with FL83B hepatocytes, and high-fat diet was given to mouse to construct the NASH model in vivo. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method, flow cytometry, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay were carried out to measure the viability and apoptosis of FL83B hepatocytes. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to measure the mRNA expressions of infiltration markers (Cd11c, Ccr2, and Ly6c), fibrosis genes (Tgfβ1, Col1a1, and Timp1), and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Western blot, immunofluorescence, and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were implemented to examine the proteins of Caspase-3, Bcl2, Nrf2, HO-1, NLRP3, ASC, and Caspase-1, the ROS level, and oxidative stress markers (MDA, GSH-ST, SOD, and GSH-Px), and the lipid peroxidation level, respectively. Moreover, HE staining was manipulated to observe the histopathological changes in liver tissue. RESULTS Capillin hampered PA-mediated hepatocytes apoptosis and enhanced cell viability. Furthermore, Capillin suppressed PA-mediated oxidative stress in hepatocytes, promoted Nrf2/HO-1 expression, and repressed NLRP3-ASC-Caspase1 inflammasome. The in vivo studies indicated that Capillin vigorously improves liver fat accumulation, oxidative stress, and liver injury in NASH mice. Mechanistically, Capillin repressed NLRP3-ASC-Caspase1 inflammasome and up-regulated the Nrf2-HO-1 pathway in the liver. CONCLUSION Capillin ameliorates hepatocyte injury by dampening oxidative stress and repressing NLRP3 inflammasome in NASH mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Department of Hepatology, Zaozhuang Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zaozhuang Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Hepatology, Zaozhuang Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China
| | - Gucheng Zhang
- Department of Hepatology, Zaozhuang Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Hepatology, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, Shandong, China
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