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Slough BG, Reid DG, Schultz DS, Leung MC. Little brown bat activity patterns and conservation implications in agricultural landscapes in boreal Yukon, Canada. Ecosphere 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Donald G. Reid
- Wildlife Conservation Society Canada Whitehorse Yukon Canada
| | - Dafna S. Schultz
- Department of Resource and Environmental Management Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
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2
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Balzer EW, McBurney TS, Broders HG. Little brown Myotis roosts are spatially associated with foraging resources on Prince Edward Island. WILDLIFE SOC B 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/wsb.1405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evan W. Balzer
- University of Waterloo 200 University Avenue West Waterloo ON N2L 3G2 Canada
| | - Tessa S. McBurney
- Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative, Atlantic Region, Atlantic Veterinary College University of Prince Edward Island 550 University Avenue Charlottetown PE C1A 4P3 Canada
| | - Hugh G. Broders
- University of Waterloo 200 University Avenue West Waterloo ON N2L 3G2 Canada
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3
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Rensel LJ, Hodges KE, Lausen CL. Maternity colony social structure of myotis in British Columbia, Canada. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-022-03265-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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4
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Sunga J, Webber QM, Humber J, Rodrigues B, Broders HG. Roost fidelity partially explains maternity roosting association patterns in Myotis lucifugus. Anim Behav 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2022.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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5
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Lewis MA, Turner GG, Scafini MR, Johnson JS. Seasonal roost selection and activity of a remnant population of northern myotis in Pennsylvania. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270478. [PMID: 35776732 PMCID: PMC9249199 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The decline in northern myotis (Myotis septentrionalis) populations due to the disease white-nose syndrome (WNS) has led to the species receiving federal protection in the United States and Canada, requiring conservation of critical habitats. However, considerably more is known about summer habitat preferences of northern myotis compared to late summer through winter. Our goal was to describe the seasonal presence and habitat use of a remnant colony of northern myotis in central Pennsylvania. We radio-tagged 31 northern myotis and established 6 acoustic monitoring stations to document activity from 2017–2021. We found that roost trees used during the maternity season by reproductive females were occupied by bats during both summer (21 June–14 August) and autumn (15 August–31 October), indicating similar habitat use patterns between seasons. During this time, both males and females preferred to roost in dead and declining trees. No other variable influenced male use, but females also preferred trees located close to water and in forest stands with higher basal area than randomly located trees. Northern myotis with active transmitters never left the study area and were tracked to roosts until early November. During October and November, a female and male were tracked to an underground network of air-filled voids (the Milieu Souterrain Superficiel) we presume to be a hibernaculum. Northern myotis calls were recorded outside this roost between March and October, and bats were observed emerging from this roost during spring and autumn but not summer. Acoustic activity at this site exhibited a seasonal pattern that differed from acoustic activity near roost trees and foraging areas, with a peak of activity during late summer when northern myotis are known to swarm. These data show that northern myotis maternity roosts are used extensively outside of summer and may be vulnerable to forestry practices that occur even outside of the pup-rearing season. These data also support the growing evidence that some northern myotis hibernate outside of caves and mines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattea A. Lewis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Gregory G. Turner
- Pennsylvania Game Commission, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Michael R. Scafini
- Pennsylvania Game Commission, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Joseph S. Johnson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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6
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OUP accepted manuscript. J Mammal 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyac019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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7
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Hernández-Montero JR, Adam M, Kerth G. Are Echo-Reflective Cues Effective to Attract Bats to Newly Placed Artificial Roosts? ACTA CHIROPTEROLOGICA 2021. [DOI: 10.3161/15081109acc2021.23.1.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jesús R. Hernández-Montero
- Zoological Institute and Museum, Applied Zoology and Nature Conservation, Greifswald University, Loitzer Straße 26, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Michelle Adam
- Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gerald Kerth
- Zoological Institute and Museum, Applied Zoology and Nature Conservation, Greifswald University, Loitzer Straße 26, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
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8
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Mundinger C, Scheuerlein A, Kerth G. Long-term study shows that increasing body size in response to warmer summers is associated with a higher mortality risk in a long-lived bat species. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20210508. [PMID: 34074120 PMCID: PMC8170209 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.0508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Change in body size is one of the universal responses to global warming, with most species becoming smaller. While small size in most species corresponds to low individual fitness, small species typically show high population growth rates in cross-species comparisons. It is unclear, therefore, how climate-induced changes in body size ultimately affect population persistence. Unravelling the relationship between body size, ambient temperature and individual survival is especially important for the conservation of endangered long-lived mammals such as bats. Using an individual-based 24-year dataset from four free-ranging Bechstein's bat colonies (Myotis bechsteinii), we show for the first time a link between warmer summer temperatures, larger body sizes and increased mortality risk. Our data reveal a crucial time window in June-July, when juveniles grow to larger body sizes in warmer conditions. Body size is also affected by colony size, with larger colonies raising larger offspring. At the same time, larger bats have higher mortality risks throughout their lives. Our results highlight the importance of understanding the link between warmer weather and body size as a fitness-relevant trait for predicting species-specific extinction risks as consequences of global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Mundinger
- Applied Zoology and Nature Conservation, Zoological Institute and Museum, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Alexander Scheuerlein
- Applied Zoology and Nature Conservation, Zoological Institute and Museum, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Gerald Kerth
- Applied Zoology and Nature Conservation, Zoological Institute and Museum, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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9
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Waag AG, Treanor JJ, Kropczynski JN, Johnson JS. Social networks based on frequency of roost cohabitation do not reflect association rates of Myotis lucifugus within their roosts. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:5927-5936. [PMID: 34141193 PMCID: PMC8207371 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bats are a group of mammals well known for forming dynamic social groups. Studies of bat social structures are often based upon the frequency at which bats occupy the same roosts because observing bats directly is not always possible. However, it is not always clear how closely bats occupying the same roost associate with each other, obscuring whether associations result from social relationships or factors such as shared preferences for roosts. Our goal was to determine if bats cohabitating buildings were also found together inside roosts by using anti-collision technology for PIT tags, which enables simultaneous detection of multiple tags. We PIT-tagged 293 female little brown myotis (Myotis lucifugus) and installed antennas within two buildings used as maternity roosts in Yellowstone National Park. Antennas were positioned at roost entryways to generate cohabitation networks and along regions of attic ceilings in each building to generate intraroost networks based on proximity of bats to each other. We found that intraroost and cohabitation networks of buildings were significantly correlated, with the same bats tending to be linked in both networks, but that bats cohabitating the same building often roosted apart, leading to differing assessments of social structure. Cohabitation rates implied that bats associate with a greater number of their roost-mates than was supported by observations within the roost. This caused social networks built upon roost cohabitation rates to be denser, smaller in diameter, and contain nodes with higher average degree centrality. These results show that roost cohabitation does not reflect preference for roost-mates in little brown myotis, as is often inferred from similar studies, and that social network analyses based on cohabitation may provide misleading results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin G. Waag
- Department of Biological SciencesOhio UniversityAthensOHUSA
| | - John J. Treanor
- United States National Park ServiceYellowstone National ParkMammoth Hot SpringsWYUSA
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10
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Thomas JP, Kukka PM, Benjamin JE, Barclay RMR, Johnson CJ, Schmiegelow FKA, Jung TS. Foraging habitat drives the distribution of an endangered bat in an urbanizing boreal landscape. Ecosphere 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Julie P. Thomas
- Department of Environment Government of Yukon Whitehorse YukonY1A 4Y9Canada
| | - Piia M. Kukka
- Department of Environment Government of Yukon Whitehorse YukonY1A 4Y9Canada
| | | | - Robert M. R. Barclay
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Calgary Calgary AlbertaT2N 1N4Canada
| | - Chris J. Johnson
- Ecosystem Science and Management Program University of Northern British Columbia Prince George British ColumbiaV2N 4Z9Canada
| | - Fiona K. A. Schmiegelow
- Department of Renewable Resources University of Alberta Edmonton AlbertaT6G 2R3Canada
- Yukon Research Centre Yukon University Whitehorse YukonY1A 5K4Canada
| | - Thomas S. Jung
- Department of Environment Government of Yukon Whitehorse YukonY1A 4Y9Canada
- Department of Renewable Resources University of Alberta Edmonton AlbertaT6G 2R3Canada
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11
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Monarchino MN, Behan ML, Johnson JS. Summer day-roost selection by eastern red bats varies between areas with different land-use histories. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237103. [PMID: 32833965 PMCID: PMC7444818 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The eastern red bat (Lasiurus borealis) is widely considered to be in decline, inspiring interest in identifying important habitats for conservation in the eastern United States. Unfortunately, knowledge of important day-roosting habitats is lacking for much of the species' range. We examined patterns of day-roost selection by male and female eastern red bats at two study sites in southeastern Ohio, U. S. A, to help fill this information gap. We radio-tagged 28 male and 25 female bats during the summers of 2016-2019 and located 53 male and 74 female roosts. Day-roost selection differed between sexes and study areas. In a mostly even-aged forest with significant historical disturbance, we found males and females roosting in trees located at higher elevations, with no clear selection based on tree or stand characteristics. Specifically, males selected trees with larger diameters located at lower, cooler elevations than females, which selected smaller diameter trees found at higher, warmer elevations. However, in a forest with less historical disturbance and more structural diversity, we found sexes differed in how they selected from available habitats. These data show that heterogeneity in environmental conditions can lead to different patterns in selection, even between sites located within a small geographic area. They also show that eastern red bats sexually segregate on the local landscape in the presence of diverse forest conditions but may not do so in the absence of such diversity. We recommend managing forests to maintain structural diversity across an elevational gradient to provide male and female eastern red bats with suitable day-roosting habitat in southeast Ohio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria N. Monarchino
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Marnie L. Behan
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Athens, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Joseph S. Johnson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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12
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Little Brown Bats Utilize Multiple Maternity Roosts Within Foraging Areas: Implications for Identifying Summer Habitat. JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.3996/052019-jfwm-039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Identifying habitat features that may influence the survival and fitness of threatened species is often constrained by a lack of information about the appropriate scale for habitat conservation efforts. Canada's Species at Risk Act lists little brown bats Myotis lucifugus as Endangered and there is a need to determine the scale for delineating important summer habitat features that should be protected. We used a 19-y dataset of banded little brown bats in a 15,000-km2 area of southern Yukon, Canada, to examine fidelity to roost sites and potential foraging areas. We captured and banded 4,349 bats during 208 live-trapping sessions at maternity roosts. Adult females used multiple roosts during the maternity period, separated by up to 6.1 km, within foraging areas, to which individuals exhibited fidelity. Our fidelity rates (≤ 60.5%) are the lowest, and roost-switching rates (≤ 35.5%) the greatest, reported for little brown bats. A small percentage (14.0–20.7%) of females banded as juveniles returned to their natal roosts or foraging areas as adults. We infrequently observed long-distance (25–200 km) switching to novel foraging areas (< 1% of banded bats). We established bat houses to mitigate the loss of a cabin roost; 46.3% of the bats banded at the cabin occupied these houses. The longest documented period of roost fidelity was 18 y, by a female banded as an adult. Roost fidelity by returning adult females declined annually by 3.8–5.3% due to natural mortality, roost switching, or dispersal. Having a choice of multiple maternity roosts within a foraging area may permit little brown bats to select optimal microclimatic conditions throughout the maternity season. Given that fidelity to foraging areas may be higher than to specific roost sites for little brown bats, identification of summer habitat based on foraging areas may be a more effective conservation strategy than relying solely on roost sites.
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13
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Jung TS. Bats in the changing boreal forest: response to a megafire by endangered little brown bats ( Myotis lucifugus). ECOSCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/11956860.2019.1687084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas S. Jung
- Department of Environment, Government of Yukon, Whitehorse, Yukon, Canada
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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14
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Johnson JS, Treanor JJ, Slusher AC, Lacki MJ. Buildings provide vital habitat for little brown myotis (
Myotis lucifugus
) in a high‐elevation landscape. Ecosphere 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph S. Johnson
- Department of Biological Sciences Ohio University Athens Ohio 45701 USA
| | - John J. Treanor
- United States National Park Service Yellowstone National Park Wyoming 82190 USA
| | - Alexandra C. Slusher
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky 40546 USA
| | - Michael J. Lacki
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky 40546 USA
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15
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Thomas JP, Jung TS. Life in a northern town: rural villages in the boreal forest are islands of habitat for an endangered bat. Ecosphere 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Julie P. Thomas
- Department of Environment Government of Yukon 419 Range Road, Whitehorse Whitehorse Yukon Y1A 3V1 Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW Calgary Alberta T2N 1N4 Canada
| | - Thomas S. Jung
- Department of Environment Government of Yukon 419 Range Road, Whitehorse Whitehorse Yukon Y1A 3V1 Canada
- Department of Renewable Resources University of Alberta 116 St. & 85 Ave., Edmonton Edmonton Alberta T6G 2R3 Canada
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16
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Restoration of Legacy Trees as Roosting Habitat for Myotis Bats in Eastern North American Forests. DIVERSITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/d10020029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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17
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Webber QMR, Willis CKR. An experimental test of effects of ambient temperature and roost quality on aggregation by little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus). J Therm Biol 2018; 74:174-180. [PMID: 29801624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2018.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Environmental factors, such as ambient temperature (Ta) or roost/nest quality, can influence social behaviour of small-bodied endotherms because individuals may aggregate for social thermoregulation when Ta is low or select the warmest possible sites for roosting. Female temperate bats form maternity colonies in spring to communally raise pups and exploit social thermoregulation. They also select roosts with warm microclimates because low roost temperature (Troost) delays juvenile development. We studied captive female little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) to test the hypothesis that variation in Ta and Troost influence social group size. First, we predicted that female bats would preferentially select artificially heated roosts over unheated roosts. Second, we predicted that, as Ta decreased, group size would increase because bats would rely more heavily on social thermoregulation. Third, we predicted that experimentally increasing Troost (i.e., roost quality) above Ta would result in larger group sizes due to greater aggregation in high quality roosts. We captured 34 females from a maternity colony and housed them in a flight-tent provisioned with four bat boxes. Each box was outfitted with a heating pad and thermostat. Over the course of eight-days we heated each roost box in sequence to near thermoneutral Troost for two days. Bats preferentially selected heated roosts over unheated roosts but, contrary to our prediction, group size decreased when Troost was much greater than Ta (i.e., when the benefits of a warm roost should have been highest). Our results suggest that social thermoregulation and the availability of warm roosts influence aggregation in bats and have implications for the potential of summer habitat protection and enhancement to help bat populations in the face of threats like white-nose syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quinn M R Webber
- Department of Biology and Centre for Forest Interdisciplinary Research (C-FIR), University of Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
| | - Craig K R Willis
- Department of Biology and Centre for Forest Interdisciplinary Research (C-FIR), University of Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
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18
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Zarzoso-Lacoste D, Jan PL, Lehnen L, Girard T, Besnard AL, Puechmaille SJ, Petit EJ. Combining noninvasive genetics and a new mammalian sex-linked marker provides new tools to investigate population size, structure and individual behaviour: An application to bats. Mol Ecol Resour 2017; 18:217-228. [PMID: 29058809 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.12727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring wild populations is crucial for their effective management. Noninvasive genetic methods provide robust data from individual free-ranging animals, which can be used in capture-mark-recapture (CMR) models to estimate demographic parameters without capturing or disturbing them. However, sex- and status-specific behaviour, which may lead to differences in detection probabilities, is rarely considered in monitoring. Here, we investigated population size, sex ratio, sex- and status-related behaviour in 19 Rhinolophus hipposideros maternity colonies (Northern France) with a noninvasive genetic CMR approach (using faeces) combined with parentage assignments. The use of the DDX3X/Y-Mam sexual marker designed in this study, which shows inter- and intrachromosomal length polymorphism across placental mammals, together with eight polymorphic microsatellite markers, produced high-quality genetic data with limited genotyping errors and allowed us to reliably distinguish different categories of individuals (males, reproductive and nonreproductive females) and to estimate population sizes. We showed that visual counts represent well-adult female numbers and that population composition in maternity colonies changes dynamically during the summer. Before parturition, colonies mainly harbour pregnant and nonpregnant females with a few visiting males, whereas after parturition, colonies are mainly composed of mothers and their offspring with a few visiting nonmothers and males. Our approach gives deeper insight into sex- and status-specific behaviour, a prerequisite for understanding population dynamics and developing effective monitoring and management strategies. Provided sufficient samples can be obtained, this approach can be readily applied to a wide range of species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Zarzoso-Lacoste
- UMR 6553, ECOBIO Campus de Beaulieu, Université Rennes 1, Rennes Cedex, France.,Laboratoire Ecologie, Systématique & Evolution, UMR 8079 - Université Paris-Sud/CNRS/AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay Cedex, France
| | | | - Lisa Lehnen
- Zoology Institute, Greifswald University, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Eric J Petit
- UMR985 ESE, Agrocampus Ouest, INRA, Rennes, France
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19
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Shazali N, Chew TH, Shamsir MS, Tingga RCT, Mohd-Ridwan AR, Khan FAA. Assessing Bat Roosts Using the LiDAR System at Wind Cave Nature Reserve in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. ACTA CHIROPTEROLOGICA 2017. [DOI: 10.3161/15081109acc2017.19.1.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nursyafiqah Shazali
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Teong Han Chew
- Department of Biosciences and Health Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Shahir Shamsir
- Department of Biosciences and Health Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | | | - A. R. Mohd-Ridwan
- Centre for Pre-University Studies, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Faisal Ali Anwarali Khan
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
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20
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Kuepper ND, Melber M, Kerth G. Nightly clustering in communal roosts and the regular presence of adult females at night provide thermal benefits for juvenile Bechstein's bats. Mamm Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mambio.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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21
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Johnson LNL, McLeod BA, Burns LE, Arseneault K, Frasier TR, Broders HG. Population Genetic Structure Within and among Seasonal Site Types in the Little Brown Bat (Myotis lucifugus) and the Northern Long-Eared Bat (M. septentrionalis). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126309. [PMID: 25942425 PMCID: PMC4420266 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
During late summer and early autumn, temperate bats migrate from their summering sites to swarming sites, where mating likely occurs. However, the extent to which individuals of a single summering site migrate to the same swarming site, and vice versa, is not known. We examined the migratory connectivity between summering and swarming sites in two temperate, North American, bat species, the little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus) and the northern long-eared bat (Myotis septentrionalis). Using mitochondrial and microsatellite DNA markers, we examined population structuring within and among summering and swarming sites. Both species exhibited moderate degrees of mitochondrial DNA differentiation (little brown bat: FST(SUMMER) = 0.093, FST(SWARMING) = 0.052; northern long-eared bat: FST(SUMMER) = 0.117, FST(SWARMING) = 0.043) and little microsatellite DNA differentiation among summering and among swarming sites[corrected]. Haplotype diversity was significantly higher at swarming sites than summering sites, supporting the idea that swarming sites are comprised of individuals from various summering sites. Further, pairwise analyses suggest that swarming sites are not necessarily comprised of only individuals from the most proximal summering colonies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura N L Johnson
- Biology Department, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Brenna A McLeod
- Biology Department, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Nova Scotia Museum of Natural History, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Lynne E Burns
- Biology Department, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Krista Arseneault
- Biology Department, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Timothy R Frasier
- Biology Department, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Hugh G Broders
- Biology Department, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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22
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Burns LE, Broders HG. Who swarms with whom? Group dynamics of Myotis bats during autumn swarming. Behav Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arv017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Burns LE, Segers JL, Broders HG. Bat Activity and Community Composition in the Northern Boreal Forest of South-Central Labrador, Canada. Northeast Nat (Steuben) 2015. [DOI: 10.1656/045.022.0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Silvis A, Ford WM, Britzke ER. Effects of hierarchical roost removal on northern long-eared bat (Myotis septentrionalis) maternity colonies. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0116356. [PMID: 25611060 PMCID: PMC4303276 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Forest roosting bats use a variety of ephemeral roosts such as snags and declining live trees. Although conservation of summer maternity habitat is considered critical for forest-roosting bats, bat response to roost loss still is poorly understood. To address this, we monitored 3 northern long-eared bat (Myotis septentrionalis) maternity colonies on Fort Knox Military Reservation, Kentucky, USA, before and after targeted roost removal during the dormant season when bats were hibernating in caves. We used 2 treatments: removal of a single highly used (primary) roost and removal of 24% of less used (secondary) roosts, and an un-manipulated control. Neither treatment altered the number of roosts used by individual bats, but secondary roost removal doubled the distances moved between sequentially used roosts. However, overall space use by and location of colonies was similar pre- and post-treatment. Patterns of roost use before and after removal treatments also were similar but bats maintained closer social connections after our treatments. Roost height, diameter at breast height, percent canopy openness, and roost species composition were similar pre- and post-treatment. We detected differences in the distribution of roosts among decay stages and crown classes pre- and post-roost removal, but this may have been a result of temperature differences between treatment years. Our results suggest that loss of a primary roost or ≤ 20% of secondary roosts in the dormant season may not cause northern long-eared bats to abandon roosting areas or substantially alter some roosting behaviors in the following active season when tree-roosts are used. Critically, tolerance limits to roost loss may be dependent upon local forest conditions, and continued research on this topic will be necessary for conservation of the northern long-eared bat across its range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Silvis
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - W. Mark Ford
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
- US Geological Survey, Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Eric R. Britzke
- US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Environmental Laboratory, Vicksburg, Mississippi, United States of America
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Boratyński JS, Willis CKR, Jefimow M, Wojciechowski MS. Huddling reduces evaporative water loss in torpid Natterer's bats, Myotis nattereri. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2014; 179:125-32. [PMID: 25289993 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2014.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Periodic arousals during hibernation consume most of the winter energy budget for hibernating mammals. Evaporative water loss (EWL) is thought to affect the frequency of arousals and thus energy balance, and might have dramatic implications for over-winter survival and fitness. We hypothesized that huddling affects EWL and energy expenditure in torpid mammals. We tested this hypothesis using bats as a model and predicted that, during torpor, EWL and energy expenditure of huddling individuals would be lower than in individuals that are not in a huddle. We measured EWL and metabolic rate of torpid Myotis nattereri (Kuhl, 1817) huddling in groups or roosting individually. Evaporative water loss in huddling individual bats was almost 30% lower than in solitary animals (P=0.03), even after correcting for the effects of metabolic rate. Our results suggest that conservation of water is a substantial benefit underlying huddling by bats during hibernation. Ultimately, huddling could reduce the total cost of hibernation by reducing the number of expensive periodic arousals from torpor caused by the need to supplement water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan S Boratyński
- Nicolaus Copernicus University, Department of Animal Physiology, ul. Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Craig K R Willis
- Department of Biology and Centre for Forest Interdisciplinary Research, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Małgorzata Jefimow
- Nicolaus Copernicus University, Department of Animal Physiology, ul. Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Michał S Wojciechowski
- Nicolaus Copernicus University, Department of Animal Physiology, ul. Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
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