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Garabedian JE, Cox KJ, Vukovich M, Kilgo JC. Co‐occurrence of native white‐tailed deer and invasive wild pigs: Evidence for competition? Ecosphere 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- James E. Garabedian
- USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station New Ellenton South Carolina USA
| | - Kyle J. Cox
- USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station New Ellenton South Carolina USA
| | - Mark Vukovich
- USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station New Ellenton South Carolina USA
| | - John C. Kilgo
- USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station New Ellenton South Carolina USA
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Nagasaki K, Nakamura H, Shinohara A, Abe K, Minami M, Tsukada H. A comparison of summer insectivory among four sympatric mesocarnivores on Izushima, a small island in northern Japan. MAMMALIA 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/mammalia-2021-0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Limited resources intensify interspecific competition and constrain the survival and distribution of species. A restricted, spatially isolated, small island can also pronounce this effect, as predicted in the island biogeography. This study compared the summer diets of sympatric carnivores, red foxes, raccoon dogs, Japanese martens, and Japanese weasels on the small island Izushima and evaluated niche partitioning, especially focusing on their insectivory. The results showed that insects were the main summer food source for all four species, with a significant overlap in their diets. However, in-depth investigation on insectivory down to the level of species and genera revealed that the species differences were more pronounced. Raccoon dogs frequently fed on ground-dwelling beetles, and Japanese martens fed on several arboreal beetles, while red foxes were less dependent on insects and more biased toward larger prey such as mammals and birds, and Japanese weasels foraged more on smaller prey, thereby reflecting niche partitioning between these species owing to differences in foraging ecology under the constrains of their body sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaoru Nagasaki
- Laboratory of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation , Azabu University , 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku , Sagamihara , Kanagawa 252-5201 , Japan
| | - Haruka Nakamura
- Laboratory of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation , Azabu University , 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku , Sagamihara , Kanagawa 252-5201 , Japan
| | - Ayano Shinohara
- Laboratory of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation , Azabu University , 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku , Sagamihara , Kanagawa 252-5201 , Japan
| | - Kaede Abe
- Laboratory of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation , Azabu University , 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku , Sagamihara , Kanagawa 252-5201 , Japan
| | - Masato Minami
- Laboratory of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation , Azabu University , 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku , Sagamihara , Kanagawa 252-5201 , Japan
| | - Hideharu Tsukada
- Laboratory of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation , Azabu University , 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku , Sagamihara , Kanagawa 252-5201 , Japan
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Evaluating the temporal and spatio-temporal niche partitioning between carnivores by different analytical method in northeastern Japan. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11987. [PMID: 35835847 PMCID: PMC9283404 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16020-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporal and spatio-temporal niche partitioning is an important strategy for carnivore coexistence. Camera-trap data has been analyzed through several methods to assess the temporal and spatio-temporal niche partitioning. However, different analytical approaches used to may evaluate niche partitioning detect different results. In this study, we evaluated the temporal or spatio-temporal partitioning among sympatric medium-sized carnivores, red foxes, raccoon dogs, and Japanese martens, based on three analytical methods-the temporal overlap, temporal co-occurrence, and time-to-encounter analysis-to evaluate. From May to October 2019 and 2020, we obtained the activity of the target species using camera-traps in northeastern Japan. We analyzed the data with the coefficient of temporal overlap, probabilistic co-occurrence analysis, checkerboard score, and multi-response permutation procedures. The results of the assessment of the niche partitioning differed depending on the analytical methods based on temporal and spatio-temporal partitioning. Therefore, we conclude that the choice of analytical approach is important for evaluating the temporal and spatio-temporal niche partitioning.
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