1
|
Kaur N, Aubertin-Leheudre M, Fellows LK, Brouillette MJ, Mayo N. Feasibility and potential benefits of a structured exercise program on cognitive performance in HIV. AIDS Care 2021; 33:1627-1635. [PMID: 33401957 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2020.1867307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Although exercise has been shown to improve cardiorespiratory and metabolic outcomes in people with HIV, its effect on cognitive ability remains understudied. Our study aimed to estimate the feasibility and efficacy potential of a 12-week aerobic and resistance training program on cognitive and physical performance outcomes. This is an externally controlled, two time-point, feasibility study within a larger study using a cohort multiple randomized controlled design yielding 3 groups: intervention group; comparison group and refusers. The intervention consisted of high-intensity interval training and resistance exercises 3 days/week. Specific feasibility and brain health outcomes were evaluated. Cognitive ability was ascertained by the Brief Cognitive Ability Measure (B-CAM) in all three groups. Standardized tests of physical performance were performed in the intervention group. Effect size, 95% confidence intervals, responder status analyses and reliable change indices were computed. Adherence to the intervention schedule and acceptability outcomes were good. There was no reliable change on B-CAM in the exercise group. Most physical performance measures benefited from the exercise training (effect sizes: 0.2 - 1.5). Although the 12-week exercise program improved physical capacity, it did not yield gains in cognitive ability in HIV. Further research is required to determine the exercise parameters that could benefit cognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Navaldeep Kaur
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Nancy Mayo
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
The effects of a 12-week exercise programme for people living with HIV in Ethiopia. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-021-00801-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
3
|
Ghayomzadeh M, Earnest CP, Hackett D, SeyedAlinaghi S, Navalta JW, Gholami M, Hosseini Rouzbahani N, Mohraz M, Voltarelli FA. Combination of resistance and aerobic exercise for six months improves bone mass and physical function in HIV infected individuals: A randomized controlled trial. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2020; 31:720-732. [PMID: 33185897 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of combined resistance and aerobic training (RT+AT) on regional bone mineral density (BMD) and physical performance in people living with HIV (PLWH). Forty PLWH (20 men and 20 women) were randomized into RT+AT group (n = 20; age = 38.3 ± 4.9) or non-exercise control group (n = 20; age = 37.9 ± 5.1). The RT+AT group was required to perform a nonlinear periodized resistance training program targeting large muscle groups followed by 20 min aerobic exercise at 65-80% of maximal heart rate. Participants in RT+AT performed three supervised sessions per week for 6-months, whereas participants in the control group were instructed to continue with their current lifestyle habits. The primary outcome was bone mineral density (lumbar spine (L2-L4), femoral neck, and distal 1/3 radius). Secondary outcomes included physical function, anthropometry, inflammatory markers, and growth factors. The RT+AT group demonstrated a significant increase in BMD at follow-up for the Lumbar spine (L2-L4), femoral neck, and 1/3 radius (all, P < .05), and There were no gender differences in the training response between men and women for any of the BMD regions. Similar findings were also observed for lean body mass, IGF1and Adiponectin (P < .001). We observed a decrease in percent body fat, fat mass, IL-6, TNF-α, and myostatin in the RT+AT group (P < .001). Finally, there was a significant increase in handgrip strength and gait speed for both women and men in the RT+AT group (P < .001). A combination of resistance and aerobic training appears to be a feasible and effective means for counteracting bone loss and improving various inflammatory markers, physical function, and growth hormones in PLWH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Ghayomzadeh
- Physical Activity, Lifestyle, Ageing and Wellbeing Faculty Research Group, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Lidcombe, NSW, Australia.,Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Conrad P Earnest
- Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University College Station, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Daniel Hackett
- Physical Activity, Lifestyle, Ageing and Wellbeing Faculty Research Group, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Lidcombe, NSW, Australia
| | - SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi
- Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - James Wilfred Navalta
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Mohammad Gholami
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negin Hosseini Rouzbahani
- Department of Medical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Minoo Mohraz
- Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fabrício Azevedo Voltarelli
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiab'a, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bergamaschi A, d'Arripe-Longueville F, Gray LL, Colson SS, Goujard C, Ferez S, Rouanet I, Durant J, Rosenthal E, Pradier C, Duracinsky M, Schuft L. Perceived HIV-related physical fatigue, sociodemographic characteristics and physical activity: A cross-sectional study. J Clin Nurs 2019; 28:2147-2156. [PMID: 30667107 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.14793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To get a deeper understanding of correlates of perceived HIV-related fatigue by exploring its associations with sociodemographic characteristics and physical activity level of HIV-infected people. BACKGROUND Previous studies on HIV-related fatigue have mainly focused on physiological and psychological characteristics, but few have considered its associations with sociodemographic variables. In addition, while physical activity has been found to reduce acute fatigue among HIV-infected people, its links with chronic HIV-related fatigue remain to be explored. DESIGN The study employed an observational and cross-sectional survey design. The manuscript was organised according to STROBE guidelines. METHOD A total of 560 people living with HIV in France completed a measure of perceived physical fatigue using the Fatigue Intensity Scale. The predictors targeted sociodemographic characteristics and two measures of individuals' reported level of physical activity. Data were analysed by a stepwise multiple regression model. RESULTS The results showed that lower age, higher physical activity level and socio-economic status were significantly associated with reduced perceived physical fatigue, explaining 25% of the variance. CONCLUSIONS The results highlighted the importance of considering sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics to better characterise HIV-related fatigue, in particular in an era where HIV as a chronic illness challenges questions of quality of life throughout increasingly longer lifespans. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE The results of this study have implications for HIV care professionals in terms of improving strategies for managing chronic fatigue or promoting physical activity according to more specific profiles of HIV-infected people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Cecile Goujard
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Ferez
- Laboratory Health, Education, Handicap Situations (EA 4614 SANTESIH), University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Rouanet
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital of Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Jacques Durant
- LAMHESS, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Université Côte d'Azur, CHU, Nice, France
| | - Eric Rosenthal
- LAMHESS, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Université Côte d'Azur, CHU, Nice, France
| | - Christian Pradier
- LAMHESS, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,Department of Public Health, Université Côte d'Azur, CHU, Nice, France
| | - Martin Duracinsky
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (EA 7334 REMES), University of Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
John DO, Tella BA, Olawale OA, John JN, Adeyemo TA, Okezue OC. Effects of a 6-week aerobic exercise programme on the cardiovascular parameters, body composition, and quality of life of people living with human immune virus. J Exerc Rehabil 2018; 14:891-898. [PMID: 30443538 PMCID: PMC6222150 DOI: 10.12965/jer.1836306.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of aerobic exercise program on the cardiovascular parameters, body composition, and quality of life (QoL) of people living with human immune virus (HIV). Patients were recruited from the HIV clinic in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. Fish bowl method was used to randomize the patients to either experimental or control group. Experimental group received nutritional counseling and aerobic exercise program on a treadmill, 3 times a week for a period of 6 weeks, while the control group received only nutritional counseling. Cardiovascular parameters, aerobic fitness, body composition parameters, and QoL were evaluated at baseline and 6 weeks. Descriptive statistics was used to explore demographic data while the hypothesis was tested using inferential statistics of t-test. Alpha level was set at P<0.05. The result showed that there was an improvement in cardiovascular parameters in both groups, attaining significance in the experimental group (P=0.000). Aerobic fitness increased significantly in experimental group (P=0.000). Body composition decreased significantly while there was a significant difference in the muscle mass (%) between groups (P<0.05). All domains of QoL had a significant improvement in both groups (P<0.005). A 6-week aerobic exercise program in addition to nutritional counseling was able to significantly improve cardiovascular fitness, body composition, and QoL in people living with HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Nutritional counseling alone can bring about an improvement only in QoL parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bosede A Tella
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Olajide A Olawale
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Jeneviv N John
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Titilope A Adeyemo
- Department of Haematology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Obinna C Okezue
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Leach LL, Bassett SH, Smithdorf G, Andrews BS, Travill AL. A Systematic Review of the Effects of Exercise Interventions on Body Composition in HIV+ Adults. Open AIDS J 2015; 9:66-79. [PMID: 26587075 PMCID: PMC4645834 DOI: 10.2174/1874613601509010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the years, physical activity and exercise have been used to positively impact the health and quality of life of persons infected with HIV and, more recently, has been associated with a spectrum of body composition changes. The aim of this review was to examine the effects of various exercise interventions on body composition in HIV positive adults, using a search strategy of randomized, controlled trials (RCTs). A systematic review was performed by five independent reviewers using a predetermined protocol adapted from previous research for assessing the articles for inclusion, the extracted data, and methodological quality. Eight RCTs involving 430 (26% female) HIV positive adults performing exercise a minimum of thrice weekly for at least six weeks were finally selected: Four were progressive resistance training (PRT) studies, three were aerobic training (AT) studies, and one involved yoga. In the PRT studies, there were significant increases in three anthropometric measures, namely, body mass, sum of skinfolds and sum of limb girths. In the AT studies, significant decreases were found in seven anthropometric measures, namely, body mass index, waist-hip ratio, body mass, triceps skinfold, waist circumference and sum of skinfolds. With yoga, the changes were non-significant. Exercise contributes to improved body composition and, when applied safely, appears to be beneficial for adults living with HIV/AIDS. However, these findings should be interpreted cautiously due to the relatively few RCTs published to date. Future studies would benefit from increased attention to sample size, female participants, participant follow-up, complete statistical analysis and intention-to-treat analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L L Leach
- Department of Sport, Recreation and Exercise Science, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - S H Bassett
- Department of Sport, Recreation and Exercise Science, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - G Smithdorf
- Department of Sport, Recreation and Exercise Science, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - B S Andrews
- Department of Sport, Recreation and Exercise Science, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - A L Travill
- Department of Sport, Recreation and Exercise Science, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fillipas S, Cherry CL, Cicuttini F, Smirneos L, Holland AE. The Effects of Exercise Training on Metabolic and Morphological Outcomes for People Living With HIV: A Systematic Review of Randomised Controlled Trials. HIV CLINICAL TRIALS 2015; 11:270-82. [DOI: 10.1310/hct1105-270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
8
|
Sullivan K, Shikuma CM, Chow D, Cornelius E, Romine RK, Lindsey RA, Stickley CD, Kimura IF, Hetzler RK. Aerobic fitness levels and validation of a non exercise VO2max prediction equation for HIV-infected patients on HAART. HIV CLINICAL TRIALS 2014; 15:69-77. [PMID: 24710921 DOI: 10.1310/hct1502-69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-exercise (N-EX) questionnaires have been developed to determine maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) in healthy populations. There are limited reliable and validated N-EX questionnaires for the HIV+ population that provide estimates of habitual physical activity and not VO2max. OBJECTIVES To determine how well regression equations developed previously on healthy populations, including N-EX prediction equations for VO2max and age-predicted maximal heart rates (APMHR), worked on an HIV+ population; and to develop a specific N-EX prediction equation for VO2max and APMHR for HIV+ individuals. METHODS Sixty-six HIV+ participants on stable HAART completed 4 N-EX questionnaires and performed a maximal graded exercise test. RESULTS Sixty males and 6 females were included; mean (SD) age was 49.2 (8.2) years; CD4 count was 516.0 ± 253.0 cells·mm-3; and 92% had undetectable HIV PCR. Mean VO2max was 29.2 ± 7.6 (range, 14.4-49.4) mL·kg-1·min-1 Despite positive correlations with VO2max, previously published N-EX VO2max equations produced results significantly different than actual VO2 scores (P < .0001). An HIV+ specific N-EX equation was developed and produced similar mean VO2max values, R = 0.71, when compared to achieved VO2max (P = .53). CONCLUSION HIV+ individuals tend to be sedentary and unfit, putting them at increased risk for the development of chronic diseases associated with a sedentary lifestyle. Based on the level of error associated with utilizing APMHR and N-EX VO2max equations with HIV+ individuals, neither should be used in this population for exercise prescription.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Sullivan
- Department of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Science, College of Education, University of Hawaii - Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Cecilia M Shikuma
- Hawaii Center for AIDS, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Dominic Chow
- Hawaii Center for AIDS, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Elizabeth Cornelius
- Department of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Science, College of Education, University of Hawaii - Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Rebecca K Romine
- Department of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Science, College of Education, University of Hawaii - Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Rachel A Lindsey
- Department of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Science, College of Education, University of Hawaii - Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii Department of Sports Medicine, West Chester University, West Chester, Pennsylvania
| | - Christopher D Stickley
- Department of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Science, College of Education, University of Hawaii - Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Iris F Kimura
- Department of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Science, College of Education, University of Hawaii - Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Ronald K Hetzler
- Department of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Science, College of Education, University of Hawaii - Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Frantz JM, Murenzi A. The physical activity levels among people living with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome receiving high active antiretroviral therapy in Rwanda. SAHARA J 2014; 10:113-8. [PMID: 24521093 PMCID: PMC4039135 DOI: 10.1080/17290376.2014.886081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The accessibility of high active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for local human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients is improving in Rwanda. It is well known that this therapy is associated with serious adverse effects, such as metabolic and morphologic changes. One of the recommended preventive modalities for these complications is participation in physical activity. The current study aims to determine the anthropometric profile and physical activity levels among people living with HIV and receiving HAART in Kigali, Rwanda. The study was a cross-sectional, descriptive quantitative survey. The participant's levels of physical activity participation and their association with anthropometric profiles were measured, using a structured self-administered questionnaire for 407 clients passing through the clinics. Of the participants, approximately 70% were inactive and in addition, 40% were obese and 43% overweight. Obesity was found to be strongly associated with inactivity. Lack of motivation, and time as well as fear of worsening the disease were found to be barriers to participation in physical activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Frantz
- a PhD, is a professor in the Department of Physiotherapy at the University of the Western Cape , Private Bag x17, Bellville 7530 , South Africa
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Toward a systemic research agenda for addressing the joint epidemics of HIV/AIDS and noncommunicable diseases. AIDS 2012; 26 Suppl 1:S7-10. [PMID: 22781179 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0b013e328355cf60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A growing proportion of people living with HIV/AIDS also struggle to cope with one or several noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), particularly as they age. The two epidemics being intertwined, there is increasing recognition that that there should be closer advocacy, policy and programmatic links between HIV and NCDs. The objective of this paper is to discuss the development of a research agenda geared towards informing the design and implementation of programs and policies truly grounded in a co-benefits approach. Tackling the joint epidemics of HIV/AIDS and NCDs in Africa will require for research funders and private and foreign aid donors to be bold, visionary and to commit to long-term research investments in order to evaluate the effects of natural policy experiments and complex interventions.
Collapse
|
11
|
Ley C, Barrio MR. A narrative review of research on the effects of physical activity on people living with HIV and opportunities for health promotion in disadvantaged settings. AJAR-AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AIDS RESEARCH 2012; 11:123-33. [DOI: 10.2989/16085906.2012.698079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
12
|
Marcel AK, Ekali LG, Eugene S, Arnold OE, Sandrine ED, von der Weid D, Gbaguidi E, Ngogang J, Mbanya JC. The effect of Spirulina platensis versus soybean on insulin resistance in HIV-infected patients: a randomized pilot study. Nutrients 2011; 3:712-24. [PMID: 22254118 PMCID: PMC3257696 DOI: 10.3390/nu3070712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2011] [Revised: 06/23/2011] [Accepted: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED HIV-infected patients develop abnormalities of glucose metabolism due to the virus and antiretroviral drugs. Spirulina and soybean are nutritional supplements that are cheap, accessible in our community and affect glucose metabolism. We carried out a randomized study to assess the effect of Spirulina platensis versus soybean as a food supplement on HIV/HAART-associated insulin resistance (IR) in 33 insulin-resistant HIV-infected patients. The study lasted for two months at the National Obesity Centre of Cameroon. Insulin resistance was measured using the short insulin tolerance test. Physical activity and diet did not change over the study duration. On-treatment analysis was used to analyze data. The Mann-Whitney U test, the Students T test and the Chi square test were used as appropriate. Curve gradients were analyzed using ANCOVA. Seventeen subjects were randomized to spirulina and 16 to soybean. Each received 19 g of supplement daily. The follow up rate was 65% vs. 100% for spirulina and soybean groups, respectively, and both groups were comparable at baseline. After eight weeks, insulin sensitivity (IS) increased by 224.7% vs. 60% in the spirulina and soybean groups respectively (p < 0.001). One hundred per cent vs. 69% of subjects on spirulina versus soybean, respectively, improved their IS (p = 0.049) with a 1.45 (1.05-2.02) chance of improving insulin sensitivity on spirulina. This pilot study suggests that insulin sensitivity in HIV patients improves more when spirulina rather than soybean is used as a nutritional supplement. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01141777.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azabji-Kenfack Marcel
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, Melen Street, Cameroon; (E.D.S.); (J.N.)
| | - Loni G. Ekali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, Melen Street, Cameroon; (L.G.E.); (S.E.); (O.E.A.); (J.C.M.)
| | - Sobngwi Eugene
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, Melen Street, Cameroon; (L.G.E.); (S.E.); (O.E.A.); (J.C.M.)
| | - Onana E. Arnold
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, Melen Street, Cameroon; (L.G.E.); (S.E.); (O.E.A.); (J.C.M.)
| | - Edie D. Sandrine
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, Melen Street, Cameroon; (E.D.S.); (J.N.)
| | - Denis von der Weid
- Antenna Technologies Foundation, Rue de Neuchâtel 29 1201 Geneva, Switzerland;
| | | | - Jeanne Ngogang
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, Melen Street, Cameroon; (E.D.S.); (J.N.)
| | - Jean C. Mbanya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, Melen Street, Cameroon; (L.G.E.); (S.E.); (O.E.A.); (J.C.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
HIV-associated lipodystrophy is clinically characterized by body fat changes including subcutaneous fat loss (lipoatrophy) with or without truncal fat accumulation (lipohypertrophy). Thymidine nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, stavudine and to a lesser extent zidovudine, are major contributors for lipoatrophy. Drug factors are not clear for lipohypertrophy. Restoration to health with effective viral suppression and weight gain may be factors playing significant roles in lipohypertrophy. Mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation in subcutaneous adipose tissue are key factors in the pathogenesis of HIV-associated lipoatrophy. The pathogenesis of lipohypertrophy is less well understood. Switching from thymidine nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors restores subcutaneous fat in patients with HIV-associated lipoatrophy, but improvement is slow and limited. Surgical filling cosmetically improves facial lipoatrophy. Exercise and diet may reduce increased visceral adipose tissue. Liposuction may be useful to remove superficial, localized fat accumuli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Martínez
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Clínic-Institut d'Investigaciones Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
The International Physical Activity Questionnaire Overestimates Moderate and Vigorous Physical Activity in HIV-Infected Individuals Compared With Accelerometry. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care 2010; 21:173-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jana.2009.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2009] [Accepted: 11/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
15
|
Abstract
The spectrum of drugs used in HIV-infected patients has dramatically changed since triple antiretroviral combinations were introduced, albeit at the expense of some severe adverse events, in 1996. Abandonment of stavudine in countries that can afford it, new drugs from new classes with a wide therapeutic window and the impressive scale-up of drug access in resource-limited settings are several of the key new events. Drug safety is likely to be the most important factor to distinguish one antiretroviral regimen from another. We review life-threatening adverse events, adverse events of new investigational or recently marketed drugs, adverse events with a genetic component and tissue-specific adverse events of fat, heart, bone, kidney and liver.
Collapse
|
16
|
Fillipas S, Bowtell-Harris CA, Oldmeadow LB, Cicuttini F, Holland AE, Cherry CL. Physical activity uptake in patients with HIV: who does how much? Int J STD AIDS 2008; 19:514-8. [PMID: 18663035 DOI: 10.1258/ijsa.2007.007237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Regular physical activity is recommended for patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to help manage their disease. However, to date, little is known about levels of uptake of this advice. This study describes daily physical activity in HIV antibody-positive patients attending a public hospital infectious diseases clinic, compares them with those of patients attending the clinic for general infectious diseases and investigates compliance with the recommendations of the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention and American College of Sports Medicine physical activity guidelines. During April 2006, 261 patients completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form. One hundred and ninety-one reported being HIV antibody-positive. Results showed that 1:4 HIV antibody-positive and 1:3 HIV antibody-negative respondents failed to meet the recommended guidelines. These findings are of concern, given the evidence-based benefits of regular physical activity. Further work is needed to identify barriers to participation and interventions that can improve uptake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Fillipas
- Physiotherapy Department, The Alfred, Prahran, Vic, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
de Souza PML, Jacob-Filho W, Santarém JM, da Silva AR, Li HY, Burattini MN. Progressive resistance training in elderly HIV-positive patients: does it work? Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2008; 63:619-24. [PMID: 18925321 PMCID: PMC2664719 DOI: 10.1590/s1807-59322008000500009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2008] [Accepted: 06/26/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elderly people present alterations in body composition and physical fitness, compromising their quality of life. Chronic diseases, including HIV/AIDS, worsen this situation. Resistance exercises are prescribed to improve fitness and promote healthier and independent aging. Recovery of strength and physical fitness is the goal of exercise in AIDS wasting syndrome. OBJECTIVE This study describes a case series of HIV-positive elderly patients who participated in a progressive resistance training program and evaluates their body composition, muscular strength, physical fitness and the evolution of CD4+ and CD8+ cell counts. METHODS Subjects were prospectively recruited for nine months. The training program consisted of three sets of 8-12 repetitions of leg press, seated row, lumbar extension and chest press, performed with free weight machines hts, twice/week for one year. Infectious disease physicians followed patients and reported all relevant clinical data. Body composition was assessed by anthropometric measures and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry before and after the training program. RESULTS Fourteen patients, aged 62-71 years old, of both genders, without regular physical activity who had an average of nine years of HIV/AIDS history were enrolled. The strengths of major muscle groups increased (74%-122%, p=0.003-0.021) with a corresponding improvement in sit-standing and walking 2.4 m tests (p=0.003). There were no changes in clinical conditions and body composition measures, but triceps and thigh skinfolds were significantly reduced (p=0.037). In addition, there were significant increases in the CD4+ counts (N=151 cells; p=0.008) and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio (0.63 to 0.81, p=0.009). CONCLUSION Resistance training increased strength, improved physical fitness, reduced upper and lower limb skinfolds, and were associated with an improvement in the CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ counts in HIV positive elderly patients without significant side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wilson Jacob-Filho
- Medical Clinic Department, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo - São Paulo/SP, Brazil
- Centro de Estudos em Ciências da Atividade Física (CECAFI), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo - São Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - José Maria Santarém
- Medical Clinic Department, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo - São Paulo/SP, Brazil
- Centro de Estudos em Ciências da Atividade Física (CECAFI), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo - São Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | | | - Ho Yeh Li
- Infectious Diseases Department, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo - São Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Nascimento Burattini
- Pathology Department, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo - São Paulo/SP, Brazil
- Discipline of Medical Informatics & LIM 01/03, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo - São Paulo/SP, Brazil
- Infectious Diseases Clinic, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) - São Paulo/SP, Brazil. Phone: 55 11 3061.7435,
| |
Collapse
|