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Volova TG, Uspenskaya MV, Kiselev EG, Sukovatyi AG, Zhila NO, Vasiliev AD, Shishatskaya EI. Effect of Monomers of 3-Hydroxyhexanoate on Properties of Copolymers Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate- co 3-Hydroxyhexanoate). Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2890. [PMID: 37447536 DOI: 10.3390/polym15132890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The properties of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) P(3HB-co-3HHx) copolymers with different ratios of monomers synthesized by the wild-type strain Cupriavidus necator B-10646 on sugars, and an industrial sample from Kaneka synthesized by the recombinant strain C. necator NSDG-ΔfadB1 on soybean oil, were studied in a comparative aspect and in relation to poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) P(3HB). The copolymer samples, regardless of the synthesis conditions or the ratio of monomers, had reduced values of crystallinity degree (50-60%) and weight average molecular weight (415-520 kDa), and increased values of polydispersity (2.8-4.3) compared to P(3HB) (70-76%, 720 kDa, and 2.2). The industrial sample had differences in its thermal behavior, including a lower glass transition temperature (-2.4 °C), two peaks in its crystallization and melting regions, a lower melting point (Tmelt) (112/141 °C), and a more pronounced gap between Tmelt and the temperature of thermal degradation (Tdegr). The process, shape, and size of the spherulites formed during the isothermal crystallization of P(3HB) and P(3HB-co-3HHx) were generally similar, but differed in the maximum growth rate of the spherulites during exothermic crystallization, which was 3.5-3.7 μm/min for P(3HB), and 0.06-1.25 for the P(3HB-co-3HHx) samples. The results from studying the thermal properties and the crystallization mechanism of P(3HB-co-3HHx) copolymers are important for improving the technologies for processing polymer products from melts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana G Volova
- Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS", Akademgorodok 50/50, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- School of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, Svobodnyi Av. 79, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Mayya V Uspenskaya
- Chemical Engineering Center, Research Institute «Bioengineering» ITMO University, Kronverksky Pr. 49, 197101 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Evgeniy G Kiselev
- Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS", Akademgorodok 50/50, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- School of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, Svobodnyi Av. 79, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Aleksey G Sukovatyi
- Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS", Akademgorodok 50/50, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- School of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, Svobodnyi Av. 79, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Natalia O Zhila
- Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS", Akademgorodok 50/50, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- School of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, Svobodnyi Av. 79, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Aleksander D Vasiliev
- V. Kirensky Institute of Physics SB RAS, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS", Akademgorodok 50/38, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Basic Department of Solid State Physics and Nanotechnology, School of Engineering Physics and Radio Electronics, Siberian Federal University, Kirensky St. 26, 660074 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina I Shishatskaya
- Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS", Akademgorodok 50/50, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- School of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, Svobodnyi Av. 79, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Chemical Engineering Center, Research Institute «Bioengineering» ITMO University, Kronverksky Pr. 49, 197101 Saint Petersburg, Russia
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Wang Q, Xu Y, Xu P, Yang W, Chen M, Dong W, Ma P. Crystallization of microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:330-343. [PMID: 35398060 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), produced by the microbial fermentation, is a promising green polymer and has attracted much attention due to its excellent biocompatibility, complete biodegradability, and non-cytotoxicity. The physical properties of PHAs are closely related to their chemical and crystalline structure. Therefore, deep understanding and regulating the structure and crystallization of PHAs are the key factors to improve the performance of PHAs. This review first provides a brief overview of the development history, chemical structure, and basic properties of PHAs. Then, the crystal structure, crystal morphology, kinetics theories and crystallization behavior of nucleation-induced PHAs are systematically summarized to provide a theoretical foundation for improving PHAs crystallization rate and physical properties. In the end, the outlook on the crystallization and application prospects of PHAs is also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yunsheng Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Pengwu Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Weijun Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Mingqing Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Weifu Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Piming Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China.
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Novel unexpected functions of PHA granules. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:4795-4810. [PMID: 32303817 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10568-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), polyesters accumulated by numerous prokaryotes in the form of intracellular granules, have been for decades considered being predominantly storage molecules. However, numerous recent discoveries revealed and emphasized their complex biological role for microbial cells. Most of all, it was repeatedly reported and confirmed that the presence of PHA granules in prokaryotic cells enhances stress resistance and robustness of microbes against various environmental stress factors such as high or low temperature, freezing, oxidative, and osmotic pressure. It seems that protective mechanisms of PHA granules are associated with their extraordinary architecture and biophysical properties as well as with the complex and deeply interconnected nature of PHA metabolism. Therefore, this review aims at describing novel and unexpected properties of PHA granules with respect to their contribution to stress tolerance of various prokaryotes including common mesophilic heterotrophic bacteria, but also extremophiles or photo-autotrophic cyanobacteria. KEY POINTS: • PHA granules present in bacterial cells reveal unique properties and functions. • PHA enhances stress robustness of bacterial cells.
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4
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Involvement of polyhydroxyalkanoates in stress resistance of microbial cells: Biotechnological consequences and applications. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:856-870. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Jia K, Cao R, Hua DH, Li P. Study of Class I and Class III Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) Synthases with Substrates Containing a Modified Side Chain. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:1477-85. [PMID: 26974339 PMCID: PMC4862738 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are carbon and energy storage polymers produced by a variety of microbial organisms under nutrient-limited conditions. They have been considered as an environmentally friendly alternative to oil-based plastics due to their renewability, versatility, and biodegradability. PHA synthase (PhaC) plays a central role in PHA biosynthesis, in which its activity and substrate specificity are major factors in determining the productivity and properties of the produced polymers. However, the effects of modifying the substrate side chain are not well understood because of the difficulty to accessing the desired analogues. In this report, a series of 3-(R)-hydroxyacyl coenzyme A (HACoA) analogues were synthesized and tested with class I synthases from Chromobacterium sp. USM2 (PhaCCs and A479S-PhaCCs) and Caulobacter crescentus (PhaCCc) as well as class III synthase from Allochromatium vinosum (PhaECAv). It was found that, while different PHA synthases displayed distinct preference with regard to the length of the alkyl side chains, they could withstand moderate side chain modifications such as terminal unsaturated bonds and the azide group. Specifically, the specific activity of PhaCCs toward propynyl analogue (HHxyCoA) was only 5-fold less than that toward the classical substrate HBCoA. The catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) of PhaECAv toward azide analogue (HABCoA) was determined to be 2.86 × 10(5) M(-1) s(-1), which was 6.2% of the value of HBCoA (4.62 × 10(6) M(-1) s(-1)) measured in the presence of bovine serum albumin (BSA). These side chain modifications may be employed to introduce new material functions to PHAs as well as to study PHA biogenesis via click-chemistry, in which the latter remains unknown and is important for metabolic engineering to produce PHAs economically.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Duy H. Hua
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, 66506, United States
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, 66506, United States
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6
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Fei T, Cazeneuve S, Wen Z, Wu L, Wang T. Effective recovery of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) biopolymer fromCupriavidus necatorusing a novel and environmentally friendly solvent system. Biotechnol Prog 2016; 32:678-85. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Fei
- Dept. of Food Science and Human Nutrition; Iowa State University; Ames IA 50011
| | - Stacy Cazeneuve
- Dept. of Food Science and Human Nutrition; Iowa State University; Ames IA 50011
| | - Zhiyou Wen
- Dept. of Food Science and Human Nutrition; Iowa State University; Ames IA 50011
| | - Lei Wu
- Dept. of Food Science and Human Nutrition; Iowa State University; Ames IA 50011
| | - Tong Wang
- Dept. of Food Science and Human Nutrition; Iowa State University; Ames IA 50011
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Hokamura A, Fujino K, Isoda Y, Arizono K, Shiratsuchi H, Matsusaki H. Characterization and identification of the proteins bound to two types of polyhydroxyalkanoate granules in Pseudomonas sp. 61-3. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2015; 79:1369-77. [PMID: 25971301 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2015.1023250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas sp. 61-3 accumulates two types of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)], and poly(3HB-co-3-hydroxyalkanoates) [P(3HB-co-3HA)], and some proteins associated with their PHA granules have been identified. To date, PhaFPs (GA36) and PhaIPs (GA18) were identified from P(3HB-co-3HA) granules. In this study, the gene encoding GA24 associated with P(3HB) granule was identified as phbPPs. PhbPPs was composed of 192 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 20.4 kDa and was assumed to be a phasin. phbFPs gene and unknown ORF were also found on phb locus. PhbFPs was anticipated to be the transcriptional repressor of phbPPs gene. PhbPPs was bound to the P(3HB-co-3HA) granules with 3HB composition of more than 87 mol%, and PhaIPs and PhaFPs were bound to the P(3HB-co-3HA) granules with 3HA (C6-C12) composition of more than 13 mol% in the producing cells, suggesting that localization of these proteins is attributed to the monomer compositions of the copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Hokamura
- a Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences, Department of Food and Health Sciences , Prefectural University of Kumamoto , Kumamoto , Japan
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Rho JK, Choi MH, Gutierrez M, Tian B, Yoo T, Baek JE, Shah M, Yoon SC. Amorphous poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) nanoparticles prepared with recombinant phasins and PHB depolymerase. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.41074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jong Kook Rho
- Radiation Research Division for Biotechnology; Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute; 29 Geumgu-gil Jeongeup Jeonbuk 580-185 Republic of Korea
| | - Mun Hwan Choi
- Nano-Biomaterials Science Laboratory; Division of Applied Life Sciences; Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 660-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Merced Gutierrez
- Nano-Biomaterials Science Laboratory; Division of Applied Life Sciences; Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 660-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Baoxia Tian
- Nano-Biomaterials Science Laboratory; Division of Applied Life Sciences; Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 660-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Taesik Yoo
- Nano-Biomaterials Science Laboratory; Division of Applied Life Sciences; Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 660-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Eun Baek
- Nano-Biomaterials Science Laboratory; Division of Applied Life Sciences; Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 660-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Mohsin Shah
- Department of Biochemistry; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University; Peshawar Pakistan
| | - Sung Chul Yoon
- Nano-Biomaterials Science Laboratory; Division of Applied Life Sciences; Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University; Jinju 660-701 Republic of Korea
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9
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Laycock B, Halley P, Pratt S, Werker A, Lant P. The chemomechanical properties of microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates. Prog Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2013.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Laycock B, Halley P, Pratt S, Werker A, Lant P. The chemomechanical properties of microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates. Prog Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2012.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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11
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Orts WJ, Nobes GA, Kawada J, Nguyen S, Yu GE, Ravenelle F. Poly(hydroxyalkanoates): Biorefinery polymers with a whole range of applications. The work of Robert H. Marchessault. CAN J CHEM 2008. [DOI: 10.1139/v08-050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This review describes the characterization and application of poly(hydroxyalkanoates), PHAs, a remarkable family of natural polyesters with a wide array of useful properties and potential applications. It places specific emphasis on the work of Robert H. Marchessault and his many colleagues outlining how Marchessault’s body of work both shaped the field and complemented the work of his contemporaries. Particular attention will focus on the “rediscovery” of poly(β-hydroxybutyrate), PHB, the first PHA to be discovered, from the late 1950s onward, highlighting some of the historical aspects of PHA’s path toward commercial applications. It will also cover why this class of materials is so unique, including PHA structure–properties relationships, its unique crystalline behaviour, in vivo – in vitro synthesis and degradation, and PHA-graft-copolymers.Key words: poly(hydroxyalkanoate), PHA, poly(β-hydroxybutyrate), PHB, biopolymers, bacterial polyester, random copolymers, polymer single crystals, graft copolymers.
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12
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Jendrossek D. Peculiarities of PHA granules preparation and PHA depolymerase activity determination. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2007; 74:1186-96. [PMID: 17318541 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-007-0860-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2006] [Revised: 01/22/2007] [Accepted: 01/24/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
An extensive amount of knowledge on biochemistry of poly(3-hydroxyalkanoic acid) (PHA) synthesis and on its biodegradation has accumulated during the last two decades. Numerous genes encoding enzymes involved in the formation of PHA and in PHA degradation (PHA depolymerases) were cloned and characterized from many microorganisms. A large variety of methods exists for determination of PHA depolymerase activity and for preparation of the polymeric substrate (PHA). Unfortunately, results obtained with these different methods cannot be compared directly because they highly depend on the assay method applied and on the history of PHA granules preparation. In this contribution, the peculiarities, advantages, disadvantages and limitations of existing PHA depolymerase assay methods are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Jendrossek
- Institut für Mikrobiologie, Universität Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70550 Stuttgart, Germany.
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13
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Abstract
Polyesters such as poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) or other polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) have attracted commercial and academic interest as new biodegradable materials. The ability to degrade PHA is widely distributed among bacteria and fungi and depends on the secretion of specific extracellular PHA depolymerases (e-PHA depolymerases), which are carboxyesterases (EC 3.1.1.75 and EC 3.1.1.76), and on the physical state of the polymer (amorphous or crystalline). This contribution provides a summary of the biochemical and molecular biological characteristics of e-PHA depolymerases and focuses on the intracellular mobilization of storage PHA by intracellular PHA depolymerases (i-PHA depolymerases) of PHA-accumulating bacteria. The importance of different assay systems for PHA depolymerase activity is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Jendrossek
- Institut für Mikrobiologie, Allmandring 31, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany.
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Jendrossek D. Microbial degradation of polyesters. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2001; 71:293-325. [PMID: 11217416 DOI: 10.1007/3-540-40021-4_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Polyesters, such as microbially produced poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid] [poly(3HB)], other poly[(R)-hydroxyalkanoic acids] [poly(HA)] and related biosynthetic or chemosynthetic polyesters are a class of polymers that have potential applications as thermoplastic elastomers. In contrast to poly(ethylene) and similar polymers with saturated, non-functionalized carbon backbones, poly(HA) can be biodegraded to water, methane, and/or carbon dioxide. This review provides an overview of the microbiology, biochemistry and molecular biology of poly(HA) biodegradation. In particular, the properties of extracellular and intracellular poly(HA) hydrolyzing enzymes [poly(HA) depolymerases] are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Jendrossek
- Institut für Mikrobiologie der Universität Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
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de Roo G, Ren Q, Witholt B, Kessler B. Development of an improved in vitro activity assay for medium chain length PHA polymerases based on CoenzymeA release measurements. J Microbiol Methods 2000; 41:1-8. [PMID: 10856771 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-7012(00)00129-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
An improved activity assay for polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) polymerases from Pseudomonas oleovorans GPo1 was developed. The activity assay is based on the detection of released Coenzyme A (CoA) using 5,5'-dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB), a compound which specifically reacts with thiol groups. The formed adduct was measured spectrophotometrically with high sensitivity and accuracy. The assay was used to study the effect of several additives on the activity of granule-associated PHA polymerase. Mild non-ionic detergents such as Tween-20, Triton X-100, CHAPS and Hecameg all appeared to be strongly inhibitory. In contrast, bovine serum albumin (BSA) had a strong stimulatory effect on the activity and stability of the PHA polymerases. Using optimized conditions, activities up to 5.8 U/mg granule-bound polymerase have been measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- G de Roo
- Institute of Biotechnology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich, Switzerland
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Horowitz DM, Brennan EM, Koon JJ, Gerngross TU. Novel Thermal Route to an Amorphous, Film-Forming Polymer Latex. Macromolecules 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ma981554d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joseph J. Koon
- Metabolix Inc., 303 Third Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142
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17
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Song JJ, Yoon SC, Yu SM, Lenz RW. Differential scanning calorimetric study of poly(3-hydroxyoctanoate) inclusions in bacterial cells. Int J Biol Macromol 1998; 23:165-73. [PMID: 9777703 DOI: 10.1016/s0141-8130(98)00046-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoates, MCL-PHAs, produced by bacteria as inclusion bodies or granules were analyzed in situ by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) without isolation from the cells. The kinetic DSC study of PHA granules, which contained mostly 3-hydroxyoctanoate units (PHO), in Pseudomonas putida BM01 cells showed that the polymer within the granules existed in an amorphous state, but it crystallized after dehydration of the cells under freeze-drying condition (below -50 degrees C) followed by annealing at ambient temperature. In this manner, PHO within the cells readily crystallized to the maximum degree of crystallinity within 24 h at room temperature, which was much faster than for the same polymer isolated by solvent extraction. This observation suggests that the polymer within the cellular granules may be well organized. The DSC endothermic melting peak areas for the room-temperature annealed polymers within the cells were directly proportional to the amount of polymer in the cell, and the results from this type of quantitative analysis were essentially identical to those obtained by gas chromatographic and gravimetric analysis of the polymers. X-Ray diffraction analysis of the polymer in the freeze-dried, whole cells and of the isolated, fully crystallized polymer showed that the two types of PHO samples had similar crystal structures, but the polymer in the granules exhibited better side-chain packing and higher crystallinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Song
- Biomacromolecules Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Gyeongsang National University, Chinju, South Korea
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Dufresne A, Samain E. Preparation and Characterization of a Poly(β-hydroxyoctanoate) Latex Produced byPseudomonasoleovorans. Macromolecules 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ma980508a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sasikala
- Department of Botany, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
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Steinbuchel A, Aerts K, Babel W, Follner C, Liebergesell M, Madkour MH, Mayer F, Pieper-Furst U, Pries A, Valentin HE. Considerations on the structure and biochemistry of bacterial polyhydroxyalkanoic acid inclusions. Can J Microbiol 1995; 41 Suppl 1:94-105. [PMID: 7606669 DOI: 10.1139/m95-175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Some mathematical calculations were done that provided information about the structure and biochemistry of polyhydroxyalkanoic acid (PHA) granules and about the amounts of the different constituents that contribute to the PHA granules. The data obtained from these calculations are compared with data from the literature, which show that PHA granules consist not only of the polyester but also of phospholipids and proteins. The latter are referred to as granule-associated proteins, and they are always located at the surface of the PHA granules. A concept is proposed that distinguishes four classes of structurally and functionally different granule-associated proteins: (i) class I comprises the PHA synthases, which catalyze the formation of ester linkages between the constituents; (ii) class II comprises the PHA depolymerases, which are responsible for the intracellular degradation of PHA, (iii) class III comprises a new type of protein, which is referred to as phasins and which has most probably a function analogous to that of oleosins in oilseed plants, and (iv) class IV comprises all other proteins, which have been found to be associated with the granules but do not belong to classes I-III. Particular emphasis is placed on the phasins, which constitute a significant fraction of the total cellular protein. Phasins are assumed to form a close protein layer at the surface of the granules, providing the interface between the hydrophilic cytoplasm and the much more hydrophobic core of the PHA inclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Steinbuchel
- Institut fur Mikrobiologie der Westfalischen Wilhelms-Universitat Munster, Germany
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