1
|
To H, Akaike Y, Kon M, Koike F, Shibuya K, Sasakawa C, Nagai S. Characterization of an atypical Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serovar 2 isolate with a rough-type lipopolysaccharide. J Vet Med Sci 2023; 85:157-162. [PMID: 36477365 PMCID: PMC10017293 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.22-0258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe phenotypic and genetic characterization of an atypical Japanese Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae isolate OT761. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that gene clusters involved in capsular polysaccharide and O-polysaccharide (O-PS) biosynthesis of the isolate were nearly identical to those of serovar 2 reference strain. The main difference found between the O-PS loci is the shortening of 31 amino acids from the C terminus of WcaJ in the atypical isolate due to a 93 bp deletion at the 3' end of wcaJ gene. Immunoblot analysis revealed that this isolate could not produce O-PS. Taken together, our results showed that the C-terminal domain of the A. pleuropneumoniae WcaJ plays a critical role in enzyme function of WcaJ involved in the biosynthesis of O-PS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ho To
- Nippon Institute for Biological Science, Tokyo, Japan.,Faculty of Agriculture and Aquaculture, University of Cuu Long, Vinh Long, VietNam
| | - Yuta Akaike
- Nippon Institute for Biological Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michiha Kon
- Nippon Institute for Biological Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Chihiro Sasakawa
- Nippon Institute for Biological Science, Tokyo, Japan.,Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shinya Nagai
- Nippon Institute for Biological Science, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Michael FS, Brisson JR, Larocque S, Monteiro M, Li J, Jacques M, Perry MB, Cox AD. Structural analysis of the lipopolysaccharide derived core oligosaccharides of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotypes 1, 2, 5a and the genome strain 5b. Carbohydr Res 2004; 339:1973-84. [PMID: 15261591 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2004.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2004] [Accepted: 04/29/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The structures of the core oligosaccharides of the lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotypes 1, 2, 5a and 5b were elucidated. The LPS's were subjected to a variety of degradative procedures. The structures of the purified products were established by monosaccharide and methylation analyses, NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The following structures for the core oligosaccharides were determined on the basis of the combined data from these experiments. [carbohydrate formula see text] For serotype 1: R is (1S)-GalaNAc-(1-->4,6)-alpha-Gal II-(1-->3)-beta-Gal I-(1-->, and R' is H For serotype 2: R is beta-Glc III-(1-->, and R' is D-alpha-D-Hep V-(1--> For serotypes 5a and 5b: R is H and R' is D-alpha-D-Hep V-(1--> All oligosaccharides elaborated a conserved inner core structure, as illustrated. All sugars were in the pyranose ring form apart from the open-chain N-acetylgalactosamine, the identification of which in the serotype 1 LPS was of interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank St Michael
- Institute for Biological Sciences, National Research Council, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0R6
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Grøndahl-Hansen J, Barfod K, Klausen J, Andresen LO, Heegaard PMH, Sørensen V. Development and evaluation of a mixed long-chain lipopolysaccharide based ELISA for serological surveillance of infection with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotypes 2, 6 and 12 in pig herds. Vet Microbiol 2003; 96:41-51. [PMID: 14516707 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1135(03)00208-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to develop an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for simultaneous detection of antibodies against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (Ap) serotypes 2, 6 and 12. The assay was designated MIX-ELISA. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Ap serotypes 2, 6 and 12 was purified using hot phenol-water extraction followed by fractionation by size-exclusion chromatography. A mixture of fractions containing molecules with molecular weight above 50 kDa from all three serotypes was used as antigen. The MIX-ELISA was evaluated with sera from pigs experimentally infected with the serotypes 1, 2, 5b, 6, 7, 8, 10 and 12 of Ap biotype 1. In addition to reaction with sera from pigs inoculated with Ap serotypes 2, 6 and 12, reaction was observed with sera from pigs inoculated with serotype 8. Furthermore, the sensitivity and specificity of the test on a herd level were evaluated with sera from herds naturally infected with serotypes 2, 6 or 12 and with sera from herds free of infection with any Ap serotype of biotype 1. The ELISA showed a high herd sensitivity (0.98; 95% confidence interval: 0.89-1.00) and specificity (0.95; 0.88-0.99). The high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the assay indicate that screening of herds for Ap infection can be performed using this ELISA. Efficient serological surveillance can be achieved by using such mixed antigen ELISAs coated with size-selected LPS-antigens from the most prevalent serotypes.
Collapse
|
4
|
Mikael LG, Pawelek PD, Labrie J, Sirois M, Coulton JW, Jacques M. Molecular cloning and characterization of the ferric hydroxamate uptake (fhu) operon in Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2002; 148:2869-2882. [PMID: 12213932 DOI: 10.1099/00221287-148-9-2869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The bacterium Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, a swine pathogen, utilizes ferrichrome as an iron source. This study details the molecular cloning and sequencing of the genes involved in the uptake of this hydroxamate siderophore. Four ferric hydroxamate uptake (fhu) genes, fhuC, fhuD, fhuB and fhuA, were identified in a single operon, and these were found to encode proteins homologous to proteins of the fhu systems of several bacteria, including Escherichia coli. The fhuA gene encodes the 77 kDa outer-membrane protein (OMP) FhuA, the receptor for ferrichrome. FhuD is the 35.6 kDa periplasmic protein responsible for the translocation of ferric hydroxamate from the outer to the inner membrane. FhuC (28.5 kDa) and FhuB (69.4 kDa) are cytoplasmic-membrane-associated proteins that are components of an ABC transporter which internalizes the ferric hydroxamate. Reference strains of A. pleuropneumoniae that represented serotypes 1 to 12 of this organism all tested positive for the four fhu genes. When A. pleuropneumoniae FhuA was affinity-tagged with hexahistidine at its amino terminus and expressed in an E. coli host, the recombinant protein reacted with an mAb against E. coli FhuA, as well as with a polyclonal pig serum raised against an A. pleuropneumoniae infection. Hence, the authors conclude that fhuA is expressed in vivo by A. pleuropneumoniae. Three-dimensional modelling of the OMP FhuA was achieved by threading it to the X-ray crystallographic structure of the homologous protein in E. coli. FhuA from A. pleuropneumoniae was found to have the same overall fold as its E. coli homologue, i.e. it possesses an N-terminal cork domain followed by a C-terminal beta-barrel domain and displays 11 extracellular loops and 10 periplasmic turns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonie G Mikael
- Groupe de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses du Porc, Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, CanadaJ2S 7C61
| | - Peter D Pawelek
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, CanadaH3A 2B42
| | - Josée Labrie
- Groupe de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses du Porc, Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, CanadaJ2S 7C61
| | - Marc Sirois
- Département de Chimie-Biologie, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, CanadaG9A 5H73
| | - James W Coulton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, CanadaH3A 2B42
| | - Mario Jacques
- Groupe de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses du Porc, Département de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, CanadaJ2S 7C61
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Brooks BW, Robertson RH, Lutze-Wallace CL, Pfahler W. Monoclonal antibodies specific for Campylobacter fetus lipopolysaccharides. Vet Microbiol 2002; 87:37-49. [PMID: 12079745 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1135(02)00026-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Four monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) (M1357, M1360, M1823 and M1825) which reacted with Campylobacter fetus lipopolysaccharide (LPS) core region epitopes were produced and characterized. Reactivity of these mAbs with C. fetus core LPS epitopes was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with whole cell proteinase K digests and phenol-water extracted LPS, and by immunoblotting with proteinase K digests. The specificities of the four mAbs were evaluated using an indirect ELISA. One of the mAbs reacted with 42 and three of the mAbs reacted with 41 of the 42 C. fetus strains examined. No reaction was observed between the four mAbs and 32 non-C. fetus bacteria tested, with the exception of one mAb with one organism. The four mAbs reacted with serotype A and B strains indicating the presence of shared epitopes in C. fetus LPS core oligosaccharides. The specificities of three mAbs previously produced to C. fetus LPS O-antigens (M1177, M1183 and M1194) were also evaluated and no reaction was observed with these mAbs and the 32 non-C. fetus bacteria tested. Strong immunofluorescence reactions were observed with the anti-O chain mAbs and selected C. fetus strains of the homologous serotype. These anti-LPS core oligosaccharide and anti-LPS O chain mAbs are highly specific for C. fetus and are potentially useful as immunodiagnostic reagents for detection, identification and characterization of C. fetus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B W Brooks
- Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Animal Diseases Research Institute, Centre for Plant Quarantine Pests, P.O. Box 11300, Station H, Ont., K2H 8P9, Nepean, Canada.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tadjine M, Mittal KR. Study of antigenic heterogeneity among Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 7 strains. Vet Microbiol 2001; 78:49-60. [PMID: 11118741 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1135(00)00292-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 7 strains were studied for their antigenic heterogeneity using rabbit polyclonal hyperimmune sera against all the known twelve reference strains of A. pleuropneumoniae and a battery of different serological tests such as coagglutination (COA), immunodiffusion (ID), indirect hemagglutination (IHA), counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE), rapid dot-ELISA (RDE), serum soft-agar (SSA) and growth agglutination (GA). Reference serotype 7 strain (WF83) showed cross-reactivity with reference serotype 1B strain but not with other serotypes. Field serotype 7 strains showed cross-reactivities with serotypes 1A, 1B, 4, 9, 10, and 11 in COA, ID, and CIE tests, but not in IHA test. Two field strains of serotype 7 (90-3182 and 86-1411) which appeared to be different from the typical serotype 7 strains were selected for further antigenic characterization by SDS-PAGE, Western blot, and Tricine SDS-PAGE assays, and identified as serotypes 1 and 7, respectively. For serotyping atypical strains, it is suggested to use Western blot assay as a confirmatory test to identify serotype-specific capsular and somatic antigens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Tadjine
- Département de pathologie et microbiologie, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200, Sicotte, C.P. 5000, Saint-Hyacinthe, J2S 7C6, Québec, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dubreuil JD, Jacques M, Mittal KR, Gottschalk M. Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae surface polysaccharides: their role in diagnosis and immunogenicity. Anim Health Res Rev 2000; 1:73-93. [PMID: 11708600 DOI: 10.1017/s1466252300000074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is an important pig pathogen that is responsible for swine pleuropneumonia, a highly contagious respiratory infection. Knowledge of the importance, composition and structural determination of the major antigens involved in virulence provides crucial information that could lead to the development of a rationale for the production of specific serodiagnostic tools as well as vaccine development. Thus, efforts have been devoted to study mainly A. pleuropneumoniae virulence determinants with special emphasis on the Apx toxins (for A. pleuropneumoniae RTX toxins). In comparison, little attention has been given to the surface polysaccharides, which include capsular polysaccharides (CPS) and cell-wall lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Here, we review current knowledge on CPS and LPS of A. pleuropneumoniae used as diagnostic tools to monitor the infection and as immunogens for inclusion in vaccine preparations for animal protection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J D Dubreuil
- Groupe de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses du porc, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Minka S, Bruneteau M. Isolement et caractérisation chimique des lipopolysaccharides de type R dans une souche hypovirulente de Yersinia pestis. Can J Microbiol 1998. [DOI: 10.1139/w98-029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The lipopolysaccharides LPS I and LPS II, isolated from the hypovirulent EV40 strain of Yersinia pestis, are composed only of type R lipopolysaccharides. This type consists of two forms, a and b, depending on their solubility pattern in a solvent mixture containing varying proportions of chloroform, methanol, hexane, and hydrochloric acid. LPS I consists of one subtype, RIb, while LPS II consists of two subtypes, RIIa and RIIb. Analysis by gel electrophoresis shows that the mass of these lipopolysaccharide forms are in the vicinity of 2000-3000 Da. The RIb and RIIb subtypes, which are found in the majority of lipopolysaccharide I and II fractions, are composed of ketoses and amines that are similar to those occurring in LPS I and LPS II. In contrast, the two subtypes RIIa and RIIb are different both in terms of the composition of lipid A and the extent of its substitution. Certain fractions of RIIa contain only lipid A and 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid (KDO), while other fractions of RIIb possess a lipid A, which is not substituted by arabinose. The whole set of these R-type lipopolysaccharide forms are excellent models for the study of the role of the primary structure of the polysaccharide region, and for the effect of lipid A substitution on the biological activity of bacterial lipopolysaccharides.Key words: Yersinia pestis, hypovirulence, lipopolysaccharides, R type.[Journal translation]
Collapse
|