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Wang L, Li N, Wang W, Mei A, Shao J, Wang W, Dong X. Benzobisthiadiazole-Based Small Molecular Near-Infrared-II Fluorophores: From Molecular Engineering to Nanophototheranostics. ACS NANO 2024; 18:4683-4703. [PMID: 38295152 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c12316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Organic fluorescent molecules with emission in the second near-infrared (NIR-II) biological window have aroused increasing investigation in cancer phototheranostics. Among these studies, Benzobisthiadiazole (BBT), with high electron affinity, is widely utilized as the electron acceptor in constructing donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) structured fluorophores with intensive near-infrared (NIR) absorption and NIR-II fluorescence. Until now, numerous BBT-based NIR-II dyes have been employed in tumor phototheranostics due to their exceptional structure tunability, biocompatibility, and photophysical properties. This review systematically overviews the research progress of BBT-based small molecular NIR-II dyes and focuses on molecule design and bioapplications. First, the molecular engineering strategies to fine-tune the photophysical properties in constructing the high-performance BBT-based NIR-II fluorophores are discussed in detail. Then, their biological applications in optical imaging and phototherapy are highlighted. Finally, the current challenges and future prospects of BBT-based NIR-II fluorescent dyes are also summarized. This review is believed to significantly promote the further progress of BBT-derived NIR-II fluorophores for cancer phototheranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leichen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Weili Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Anqing Mei
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jinjun Shao
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- School of Physicals and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Xiaochen Dong
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211816, China
- School of Chemistry & Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
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2
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Liu W, Deng S, Zhang L, Ju CW, Xie Y, Deng W, Chen J, Wu H, Cao Y. Short-Wavelength Infrared Organic Light-Emitting Diodes from A-D-A'-D-A Type Small Molecules with Emission beyond 1100 nm. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2302924. [PMID: 37262926 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have attracted great interest due to their potential applications in biological imaging, infrared lighting, optical communication, environmental monitoring, and surveillance. Due to an intrinsic limitation posed by the energy-gap law, achieving high-brightness in SWIR OLEDs remains a challenge. Herein, the study reports the use of novel A-D-A'-D-A type small molecules NTQ and BTQ for high-performance SWIR OLEDs. Benefiting from multiple D-A effect in conjugated skeleton, the small molecules NTQ and BTQ exhibit narrow optical gaps of 1.23 and 1.13 eV, respectively. SWIR electroluminescence (EL) emission from OLEDs based on NTQ and BTQ is achieved, with emission peaks at 1140 and 1175 nm, respectively. Not only owing to a negligible efficiency roll-off across the full range of applied current density but also the ability to afford a high operation current density of 5200 mA cm-2 , the resultant SWIR OLEDs based on NTQ exhibit a maximal radiant exitance of =1.12 mW cm-2 . Furthermore, the NTQ-based OLEDs also possess sub-gap turn-on voltage of 0.85 V, which is close to the physical limits derived from the generalized Kirchhoff and Planck equation. This work demonstrates that A-D-A'-D-A type small molecules offer significant promise for NIR/SWIR emitting material innovations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wansheng Liu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Suinan Deng
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Lianjie Zhang
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Wei Ju
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Yuan Xie
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Wanyuan Deng
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Junwu Chen
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Hongbin Wu
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yong Cao
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China
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3
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Design of NIR-II high performance organic small molecule fluorescent probes and summary of their biomedical applications. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Chmovzh TN, Rakitin OA. Benzobischalcogenadiazoles: synthesis and applications (microreview). Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-022-03088-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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5
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Lv F, Fan X, Liu D, Song F. Photothermal agents based on small organic fluorophores with intramolecular motion. Acta Biomater 2022; 149:16-29. [PMID: 35817339 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Photothermal therapy (PTT) has attracted great attention due to its noninvasive and low side effects. Photothermal agents (PTAs) which could convert absorbing light into heat play a critical role in PTT. For conventional small organic PTAs, the photothermal conversion ability is mainly achieved by intermolecular noncovalent interactions such as π-π interactions. However, in terms of organic fluorophores with rotator or vibrator segments, the balance between fluorescence emission and heat generation is mainly regulated by intramolecular motions which could be mediated by molecular engineering. Following this designing principle, various fluorophores with intramolecular motions for effective PTT have been reported. In this review, we highlight the recent progress of PTAs based on small organic fluorophores with intramolecular motions for enhanced PTT. Designing tactics of these fluorophores to afford long-wavelength absorption, high photothermal conversion ability, and effective accumulation capability are emphasized. Finally, one-for-all phototheranostics achieved by mediating intramolecular motions of these fluorophores are highlighted. We hope this review could pave a new avenue to developing fluorophores with intramolecular motion as PTAs to advance their clinical transition. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Recent progress of photothermal agents (PTAs) based on small organic fluorophores with intramolecular motion is summarized in this review. Molecular engineering of these small organic fluorophores to afford long-wavelength absorption, high photothermal conversion ability, and effective accumulation at tumor sites for enhanced photothermal therapy (PTT) is highlighted. Strategies to tune the intramolecular motions of these fluorophores to achieve multimodal phototherapy are emphasized as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Lv
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Xiaoxue Fan
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Dapeng Liu
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China.
| | - Fengling Song
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China.
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Acceptor engineering for NIR-II dyes with high photochemical and biomedical performance. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3815. [PMID: 35780137 PMCID: PMC9250501 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31521-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It is highly important and challenging to develop donor-acceptor-donor structured small-molecule second near-infrared window (NIR-II) dyes with excellent properties such as water-solubility and chem/photostability. Here, we discovery an electron acceptor, 6,7-di(thiophen-2-yl)-[1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-g]quinoxaline (TQT) with highest stability in alkaline conditions, compared with conventional NIR-II building block benzobisthiadiazole (BBT) and 6,7-diphenyl-[1,2,5] thiadiazolo[3,4-g]quinoxaline (PTQ). The sulfonated hydrophilic dye, FT-TQT, is further synthesized with 2.13-fold increased quantum yield than its counterpart FT-BBT with BBT as acceptor. FT-TQT complexed with FBS is also prepared and displays a 16-fold increase in fluorescence intensity compared to FT-TQT alone. It demonstrates real-time cerebral and tumor vessel imaging capability with µm-scale resolution. Dynamic monitoring of tumor vascular disruption after drug treatment is achieved by NIR-II fluorescent imaging. Overall, TQT is an efficient electron acceptor for designing innovative NIR-II dyes. The acceptor engineering strategy provides a promising approach to design next generation of NIR-II fluorophores which open new biomedical applications. Small molecule NIR-II fluorophores are of interest for a range of applications but can suffer from chemical and photostability issues. Here, the authors report on the development of an acceptor molecule with improved stability in alkaline conditions expanding the range of possible applications.
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Zhao S, Jiang H, Gong C, Qi W, Hu L, Zhang Y. Highly sensitive detection of Tb 3+ and ATP based on a novel asymmetric anthracene derivative. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:306-311. [PMID: 34985467 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01279g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A novel fluorescent sensor based on an asymmetric anthracene derivative (SSAPA) was designed and synthesized. Using this molecule, a rapid and sensitive assay for detecting Tb3+ and ATP in aqueous solutions was established. The SSAPA molecule had excellent aggregation-induced emission (AIE) performance and good aqueous dispersion ability. This molecule could coordinate with Tb3+ and the fluorescence quenched linearly with the increase in the concentration of Tb3+ from 0.005 to 1.2 μM. Since both Tb3+ and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) have strong binding ability, ATP can compete with Tb3+ from the SSAPA/Tb3+ complex leading to fluorescence recovery. In this way, a brand-new fluorescent "turn-on" assay for ATP in the range from 0.01 to 0.4 μM was developed using the Tb3+-based complex probe. The detection limits for Tb3+ and ATP both reached single-digit nanomole per millilitre (2.8 nM and 4.5 nM, respectively), which demonstrated that this method has high sensitivity. Besides, Tb3+ and ATP also could be well detected in other complex environments such as real water samples or serum samples. This study provides a feasible assay for detecting trace amounts of Tb3+ and ATP in aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Zhao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Applications, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China.
| | - Hongbo Jiang
- Chongqing Bashu Secondary School, Chongqing, 400013, P. R. China
| | - Chengbin Gong
- The Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Wenjing Qi
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Applications, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China.
| | - Lianzhe Hu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Applications, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Applications, College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China.
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8
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Chen W, Ye F, Yin J, Yang GF. A high-contrast photoacoustic agent with near-infrared emission. Methods Enzymol 2021; 657:223-247. [PMID: 34353489 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2021.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Benzobisthiadiazole as a typical electron acceptor, has been widely used to design fluorescent dyes and photoacoustic (PA) agents. With the strategy of constructing donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) type of electron characteristics, benzobisthiadiazole derivatives tend to behave stable in near-infrared absorption and emission, which is beneficial to PA imaging. In this chapter, two molecular design strategies are combined to improve the photoacoustic imaging effects of new PA contrast agent IR-1302 NPs, by installing strengthened conjugated bridges and electron donors. The nanoparticles exhibit high-contrast noninvasive photoacoustic imaging in tumor models with longer wavelength absorption and emission and show potential as a clinic contrast agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Fengying Ye
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Jun Yin
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, PR China.
| | - Guang-Fu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, PR China.
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9
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Dang H, Yan L. Organic fluorescent nanoparticles with NIR-II emission for bioimaging and therapy. Biomed Mater 2021; 16:022001. [PMID: 33186922 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/abca4a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence imaging technology in the second near-infrared bio-channel (NIR-II) has the advantages of low light scattering and weak autofluorescence. It can obtain high spatial resolution imaging in deeper biological tissues and realize accurate diagnosis in the lesion. As a new cancer treatment method, photothermal therapy has the characteristics of obvious curative effect and small side effects. However, the hydrophobicity and non-selectivity of many fluorescent materials, aggregation-induced fluorescence quenching, and other problems lead to undesirable imaging results. Here, we reviewed the structure of the NIR-II fluorescent molecules and these dyes whose fluorescence tail emission is in the NIR-II bio-channel, discussed in detail how to realize the redshift of the dye wavelength, including modifying the push-pull electron system, extending the conjugated chain, and forming J-aggregates and other methods. We also summarize some strategies to improve brightness, including responsiveness, targeting, adjustment of aggregation mode, and aggregation-induced emission effect, thereby improving the imaging performance and therapeutic effect of NIR-II fluorescent dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiping Dang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, and Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Jinzai Road 96# 230026, People's Republic of China
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10
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Lei Z, Zhang F. Molecular Engineering of NIR‐II Fluorophores for Improved Biomedical Detection. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:16294-16308. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202007040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zuhai Lei
- Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and iChEM Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
- School of Pharmacy Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and iChEM Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
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11
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Lei Z, Zhang F. Molecular Engineering of NIR‐II Fluorophores for Improved Biomedical Detection. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202007040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zuhai Lei
- Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and iChEM Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
- School of Pharmacy Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and iChEM Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
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12
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Rao RS, Suman, Singh SP. Near-Infrared (>1000 nm) Light-Harvesters: Design, Synthesis and Applications. Chemistry 2020; 26:16582-16593. [PMID: 33443772 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Organic molecules can absorb or emit light in UV, visible and infra-red (IR) region of solar radiation. Fifty percent of energy of solar radiation lies in the IR region of solar spectrum and extended π-conjugated molecules containing low optical band gap can absorb NIR radiations. Recently IR molecules have grabbed the attention of synthetic chemists. Although only few molecules have been reported so far such as derivative of BODIPY, naphthalimide, porphyrins, perylene, BBT etc., they have shown highest absorbing capacity towards greater than 1100 nm. These compounds have potential applications in different fields, such as for biomedical and optoelectronic applications. In this review, we present different classes of light-harvesters with harvesting range above 1000 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravulakollu Srinivasa Rao
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
| | - Suman
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Surya Prakash Singh
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India
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13
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Recent Advances of Organic Near-Infrared II Fluorophores in Optical Properties and Imaging Functions. Mol Imaging Biol 2020; 23:160-172. [PMID: 33030708 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-020-01545-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging (FI) has become a research hotspot because of its distinctive imaging properties: high temporal resolution and sensitivity. Especially in recent years, with the research focus of NIR FI shifting to the NIR-II region, which has better imaging performance, it is expected that NIR FI will find significant applications in the field of in vivo imaging. One of the most crucial directions for research into NIR-II FI is the promotion of novel NIR-II fluorophores with superior imaging properties. The remarkable advantages of organic NIR-II fluorophores in biosafety make them more promising than other fluorescent materials in certain applications. But serious defects in their fluorescence performance preclude particular imaging effects and limit imaging functions. In this review, we summarize and discuss the recent leading literature on overcoming the defects of organic NIR-II fluorophores, demonstrating the potential for further improving their imaging properties. In addition, we cover the functions of NIR-II FI that are promoted by the development of fluorophores, notably including its outlook on molecular imaging in vivo.
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Ye F, Huang W, Li C, Li G, Yang W, Liu SH, Yin J, Sun Y, Yang G. Near‐Infrared Fluorescence/Photoacoustic Agent with an Intensifying Optical Performance for Imaging‐Guided Effective Photothermal Therapy. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fengying Ye
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education); Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis; International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health; College of Chemistry Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079 P. R. China
| | - Weijing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Chonglu Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education); Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis; International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health; College of Chemistry Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079 P. R. China
| | - Guangjin Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education); Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis; International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health; College of Chemistry Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079 P. R. China
| | - Wen‐Chao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education); Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis; International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health; College of Chemistry Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079 P. R. China
| | - Sheng Hua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education); Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis; International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health; College of Chemistry Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079 P. R. China
| | - Jun Yin
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education); Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis; International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health; College of Chemistry Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079 P. R. China
| | - Yao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education); Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis; International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health; College of Chemistry Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079 P. R. China
| | - Guang‐Fu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education); Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis; International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health; College of Chemistry Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079 P. R. China
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15
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Zhu S, Tian R, Antaris AL, Chen X, Dai H. Near-Infrared-II Molecular Dyes for Cancer Imaging and Surgery. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1900321. [PMID: 31025403 PMCID: PMC6555689 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201900321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 484] [Impact Index Per Article: 96.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence bioimaging affords a vital tool for both researchers and surgeons to molecularly target a variety of biological tissues and processes. This review focuses on summarizing organic dyes emitting at a biological transparency window termed the near-infrared-II (NIR-II) window, where minimal light interaction with the surrounding tissues allows photons to travel nearly unperturbed throughout the body. NIR-II fluorescence imaging overcomes the penetration/contrast bottleneck of imaging in the visible region, making it a remarkable modality for early diagnosis of cancer and highly sensitive tumor surgery. Due to their convenient bioconjugation with peptides/antibodies, NIR-II molecular dyes are desirable candidates for targeted cancer imaging, significantly overcoming the autofluorescence/scattering issues for deep tissue molecular imaging. To promote the clinical translation of NIR-II bioimaging, advancements in the high-performance small molecule-derived probes are critically important. Here, molecules with clinical potential for NIR-II imaging are discussed, summarizing the synthesis and chemical structures of NIR-II dyes, chemical and optical properties of NIR-II dyes, bioconjugation and biological behavior of NIR-II dyes, whole body imaging with NIR-II dyes for cancer detection and surgery, as well as NIR-II fluorescence microscopy imaging. A key perspective on the direction of NIR-II molecular dyes for cancer imaging and surgery is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoujun Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Rui Tian
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | | | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Hongjie Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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Murata T, Kariyazono K, Ukai S, Ueda A, Kanzaki Y, Shiomi D, Sato K, Takui T, Morita Y. Trioxotriangulene with carbazole: a donor–acceptor molecule showing strong near-infrared absorption exceeding 1000 nm. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00663j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A donor–acceptor type trioxotriangulene neutral radical derivative having three carbazolyl groups as electron-donors was newly synthesized, and exhibited a strong near-infrared photo absorption over 1000 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Murata
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Engineering
- Aichi Institute of Technology
- Toyota
- Japan
| | - Kazuki Kariyazono
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Osaka University
- Toyonaka
- Japan
| | - Shusaku Ukai
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Engineering
- Aichi Institute of Technology
- Toyota
- Japan
| | - Akira Ueda
- Department of Chemistry
- Kumamoto University
- Kumamoto 860-8555
- Japan
| | - Yuki Kanzaki
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Materials Science
- Graduate School of Science
- Osaka City University
- Osaka
- Japan
| | - Daisuke Shiomi
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Materials Science
- Graduate School of Science
- Osaka City University
- Osaka
- Japan
| | - Kazunobu Sato
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Materials Science
- Graduate School of Science
- Osaka City University
- Osaka
- Japan
| | - Takeji Takui
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Materials Science
- Graduate School of Science
- Osaka City University
- Osaka
- Japan
| | - Yasushi Morita
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Engineering
- Aichi Institute of Technology
- Toyota
- Japan
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17
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Jayabharathi J, Thanikachalam V, Sundari GA. Efficient electroluminescent hybridized local and charge-transfer host materials with small singlet–triplet splitting to enhance exciton utilization efficiency: excited state transition configuration. RSC Adv 2019; 9:6658-6680. [PMID: 35518456 PMCID: PMC9060926 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra00135b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of efficient electroluminescent materials with dual carrier transport properties shows enhanced singlet exciton utilization (ηs) due to small singlet–triplet splitting (ΔEST). The strong orbital-coupling transitions of N-(4-(1-(1-(2,3-dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin-6-yl)-4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)naphthalen-4-yl)phenyl)-N-phenyl benzenamine (DDPB) exhibit deep blue emission at 435 nm (CIEy, 0.07) with an external quantum efficiency of 2.01%. The electroluminescent efficiencies of 2-(1-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)naphthalen-4-yl)-1-(2,3-dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin-6-yl)-1H-phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazole (CDDPI) (L – 3992 cd m−2; ηex – 3.01%; ηc – 2.56 cd A−1; ηp – 2.12 lm W−1) are higher than those of the N-(4-(1-(1-(2,3-dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxin-6-yl)-H-phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazole-2-yl)naphthalen-4-yl)phenyl)-N-phenylbenzenamine (DBDPA) based device (L – 3015 cd m−2; ηex – 2.85%; ηc – 2.01 cd A−1; ηp – 1.92 lm W−1). The blue emissive materials CDDPI and DBDPA are used as a host to construct green and red phosphorescent OLEDs: the green device based on CDDPI:Ir(ppy)3 exhibits higher efficiencies (L – 8812 cd m−2; ηex – 19.0%; ηc – 27.5 cd A−1; ηp – 33.0 lm W−1) at 2.7 V and the red device based on CDDPI:Ir(MQ)2(acac) exhibits a maximum luminance of 39 661 cd m−2 with excellent EL efficiencies [ηex – 19.2%; ηc – 27.9 cd A−1; ηp – 29.2 lm W−1; CIE (0.64, 0.34)] compared with those of the DBDPA:Ir(MQ)2(acac) based device [L – 37 621 cd m−2; ηex – 18.5%; ηc – 25.2 cd A−1; ηp – 25.8 lm W−1; CIE (0.64, 0.34)]. CDDPI:Ir(ppy)3 exhibits higher efficiencies: L = 8812 cd m−2; ηex = 19.0%; ηc = 27.5 cd A−1; ηp = 33.0 lm W−1 at 2.7 V.![]()
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18
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Chmovzh TN, Knyazeva EA, Mikhalchenko LV, Golovanov IS, Amelichev SA, Rakitin OA. Synthesis of the 4,7-Dibromo Derivative of Highly Electron-Deficient [1,2,5]Thiadiazolo[3,4-d
]pyridazine and Its Cross-Coupling Reactions. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Timofey N. Chmovzh
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 47 Leninsky Prospekt 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Ekaterina A. Knyazeva
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 47 Leninsky Prospekt 119991 Moscow Russia
- Nanotechnology Education and Research Center; South Ural State University; 454080 Chelyabinsk Russia
| | - Ludmila V. Mikhalchenko
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 47 Leninsky Prospekt 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Ivan S. Golovanov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 47 Leninsky Prospekt 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Stanislav A. Amelichev
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 47 Leninsky Prospekt 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Oleg A. Rakitin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 47 Leninsky Prospekt 119991 Moscow Russia
- Nanotechnology Education and Research Center; South Ural State University; 454080 Chelyabinsk Russia
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19
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Yang Q, Hu Z, Zhu S, Ma R, Ma H, Ma Z, Wan H, Zhu T, Jiang Z, Liu W, Jiao L, Sun H, Liang Y, Dai H. Donor Engineering for NIR-II Molecular Fluorophores with Enhanced Fluorescent Performance. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:1715-1724. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b10334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 285] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qinglai Yang
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Printed Organic Electronics, South University of Science & Technology of China, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Research
Center for Advanced Materials and Biotechnology, Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Department
of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhubin Hu
- State
Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Materials
Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Shoujun Zhu
- Department
of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Rui Ma
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Printed Organic Electronics, South University of Science & Technology of China, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Huilong Ma
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Printed Organic Electronics, South University of Science & Technology of China, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhuoran Ma
- Department
of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Hao Wan
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Printed Organic Electronics, South University of Science & Technology of China, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department
of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Tong Zhu
- School of
Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Zhengyan Jiang
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Printed Organic Electronics, South University of Science & Technology of China, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Weiqiang Liu
- Research
Center for Advanced Materials and Biotechnology, Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Liying Jiao
- Department
of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Haitao Sun
- State
Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Materials
Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Yongye Liang
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Printed Organic Electronics, South University of Science & Technology of China, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hongjie Dai
- Department
of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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20
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Yang Q, Ma Z, Wang H, Zhou B, Zhu S, Zhong Y, Wang J, Wan H, Antaris A, Ma R, Zhang X, Yang J, Zhang X, Sun H, Liu W, Liang Y, Dai H. Rational Design of Molecular Fluorophores for Biological Imaging in the NIR-II Window. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1605497. [PMID: 28117499 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201605497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 288] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A new design for second near-infrared window (NIR-II) molecular fluorophores based on a shielding unit-donor-acceptor-donor-shielding unit (S-D-A-D-S) structure is reported. With 3,4-ethylenedioxy thiophene as the donor and fluorene as the shielding unit, the best performance fluorophores IR-FE and IR-FEP exhibit an emission quantum yield of 31% in toluene and 2.0% in water, respectively, representing the brightest organic dyes in NIR-II region reported so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglai Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Research Center for Advanced Materials and Biotechnology, Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Zhuoran Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Huasen Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Shoujun Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Yeteng Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Junying Wang
- Department of Physics, School of Sciences and Tianjin Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Hao Wan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Alexander Antaris
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Rui Ma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jingyi Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Department of Physics, School of Sciences and Tianjin Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Haitao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Weiqiang Liu
- Research Center for Advanced Materials and Biotechnology, Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Yongye Liang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hongjie Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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21
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Thanikachalam V, Jeeva P, Jayabharathi J. Hybridised-Local and Charge-Transfer Excited States in Donor-Spacer-Acceptor Molecules for Efficient OLEDs: Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Palanivel Jeeva
- Department of Chemistry; Annamalai University; Annamalainagar 608 002 Tamilnadu India
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22
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The Rise of Near-Infrared Emitters: Organic Dyes, Porphyrinoids, and Transition Metal Complexes. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2016; 374:47. [DOI: 10.1007/s41061-016-0048-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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23
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Advances in Organic Near-Infrared Materials and Emerging Applications. CHEM REC 2016; 16:1531-48. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201600013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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24
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Xie J, Shi K, Cai K, Zhang D, Wang JY, Pei J, Zhao D. A NIR dye with high-performance n-type semiconducting properties. Chem Sci 2016; 7:499-504. [PMID: 29861996 PMCID: PMC5952312 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc03045e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel hetero-polycyclic aromatic compound manifesting strong near-infrared (NIR) absorption as well as high-performance n-type semiconducting properties is developed. With an exceptionally low LUMO level at -4.7 eV, this NIR dye (λmax ≈ 1100 nm, ε ≈ 105 mol-1 L cm-1) exhibits adequate stability under ambient conditions, with electron mobility up to 0.96 cm2 V-1 s-1 measured in solution-processed organic field-effect transistors. A special metal-free C-C coupling serves as a pivotal step in constructing the polycyclic π-framework of this low-bandgap chromophore, by fusing an electron-deficient naphthalenediimide moiety with an electron-donating naphthalenediamine. Such a rare combination of extraordinary optical and semiconductive attributes is quite valuable for organic small molecules, and promising for unique applications in the opto-electronic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Xie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , Centre of Soft Matter Science and Engineering , Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education , College of Chemistry , Peking University , China . ;
| | - Ke Shi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , Centre of Soft Matter Science and Engineering , Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education , College of Chemistry , Peking University , China . ;
| | - Kang Cai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , Centre of Soft Matter Science and Engineering , Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education , College of Chemistry , Peking University , China . ;
| | - Di Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , Centre of Soft Matter Science and Engineering , Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education , College of Chemistry , Peking University , China . ;
| | - Jie-Yu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , Centre of Soft Matter Science and Engineering , Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education , College of Chemistry , Peking University , China . ;
| | - Jian Pei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , Centre of Soft Matter Science and Engineering , Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education , College of Chemistry , Peking University , China . ;
| | - Dahui Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , Centre of Soft Matter Science and Engineering , Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education , College of Chemistry , Peking University , China . ;
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25
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Liu H, Bai Q, Yao L, Zhang H, Xu H, Zhang S, Li W, Gao Y, Li J, Lu P, Wang H, Yang B, Ma Y. Highly efficient near ultraviolet organic light-emitting diode based on a meta-linked donor-acceptor molecule. Chem Sci 2015; 6:3797-3804. [PMID: 29218149 PMCID: PMC5707503 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc01131k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A meta-linked donor–acceptor (D–A) structure was utilized to achieve high-efficiency and colour-purity near ultraviolet (NUV) in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs).
A novel near ultraviolet (NUV) emitter with a meta-linked donor–acceptor (D–A) structure between triphenylamine (TPA) and phenanthroimidazole (PPI), mTPA–PPI, was designed and synthesized. This molecular design is expected to resolve the conflict between the non-red-shifted emission and the introduction of a charge-transfer (CT) state in the D–A system, aiming at NUV organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with high-efficiency and colour-purity. Theoretical calculations and photophysical experiments were implemented to verify the unique excited state properties of mTPA–PPI. The mTPA–PPI device exhibited excellent NUV electroluminescence (EL) performance with an emission peak at 404 nm, a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of only 47 nm corresponding to a CIE coordinate of (0.161, 0.049), and a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 3.33%, which is among the best results for NUV OLEDs. This work not only demonstrates the promising potential of mTPA–PPI in NUV OLEDs, but also provides a valuable strategy for the rational design of NUV materials by using the meta-linked D–A architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haichao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials , Jilin University , Changchun , 130012 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +86-431-85193421.,College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun , 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Qing Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials , Jilin University , Changchun , 130012 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +86-431-85193421.,College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun , 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Liang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials , Jilin University , Changchun , 130012 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +86-431-85193421.,College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun , 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun , 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Hai Xu
- College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun , 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Shitong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials , Jilin University , Changchun , 130012 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +86-431-85193421.,College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun , 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Weijun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials , Jilin University , Changchun , 130012 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +86-431-85193421
| | - Yu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials , Jilin University , Changchun , 130012 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +86-431-85193421.,College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun , 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Jinyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials , Jilin University , Changchun , 130012 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +86-431-85193421.,College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun , 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Ping Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials , Jilin University , Changchun , 130012 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +86-431-85193421.,College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun , 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Hongyan Wang
- College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun , 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Bing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials , Jilin University , Changchun , 130012 , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +86-431-85193421.,College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun , 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Yuguang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices , Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , 510640 , P. R. China
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26
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Investigation on the linear and nonlinear optical properties of fluorenone-based linear conjugated oligomers: The influence of π-spacer. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2013.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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27
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Small Optical Gap Molecules and Polymers: Using Theory to Design More Efficient Materials for Organic Photovoltaics. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2013; 352:1-38. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2013_459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
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28
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Yuen JD, Fan J, Seifter J, Lim B, Hufschmid R, Heeger AJ, Wudl F. High Performance Weak Donor–Acceptor Polymers in Thin Film Transistors: Effect of the Acceptor on Electronic Properties, Ambipolar Conductivity, Mobility, and Thermal Stability. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:20799-807. [PMID: 22043809 DOI: 10.1021/ja205566w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D. Yuen
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Jian Fan
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Center for Energy Efficient Materials, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Jason Seifter
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Bogyu Lim
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Center for Advanced Molecular Photovoltaics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Ryan Hufschmid
- Center for Energy Efficient Materials, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Alan J. Heeger
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Center for Energy Efficient Materials, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Fred Wudl
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
- Center for Energy Efficient Materials, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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29
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Risko C, McGehee MD, Brédas JL. A quantum-chemical perspective into low optical-gap polymers for highly-efficient organic solar cells. Chem Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0sc00642d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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30
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Abstract
We report on the interaction of Lewis acids with narrow band gap conjugated copolymers containing donor and acceptor units. Examination of the widely used poly[(4,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)cyclopenta-[2,1-b:3,4-b']dithiophene)-2,6-(diyl-alt-benzo[2,1,3]thiadiazole)-4,7-diyl] (1) shows weaker binding with B(C(6)F(5))(3) when compared with a small molecule that contains a cyclopenta-[2,1-b:3,4-b']dithiophene (CDT) unit flanked by two benzo[2,1,3]thiadiazole (BT) fragments. Studies on model compounds representative of 1, together with a comparison between B(C(6)F(5))(3) and BBr(3), indicate that the propensity for Lewis acid coordination is decreased because of steric encumbrance surrounding the BT nitrogen sites. These observations led to the design of chromophores that incorporate an acceptor unit with a more basic nitrogen site, namely pyridal[2,1,3]thiadiazole (PT). That this strategy leads to a stronger B-N interaction was demonstrated through the examination of the reaction of B(C(6)F(5))(3) with two small molecules bis(4,4-bis(hexyl)-4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b;3,4-b']dithiophene)-4,7-pyridal[2,1,3]thiadiazole (8) and bis{2-thienyl-(4,4-bis(hexyl)-4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b;3,4-b']dithiophene)}-4,7-pyridal[2,1,3]thiadiazole (9) and two polymer systems (poly[(4,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)cyclopenta-[2,1-b:3,4-b']dithiophene)-2,6-diyl-alt-([1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-c]pyridine)-4,7-diyl] (10) and poly[(4,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)cyclopenta-[2,1-b:3,4-b']dithiophene)-2,6-diyl-alt-(4',7'-bis(2-thienyl)-[1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-c]pyridine)-5,5-diyl] (11). From a materials perspective, it is worth pointing out that through the binding of B(C(6)F(5))(3), new NIR-absorbing polymers can be generated with band gaps from 1.31 to 0.89 eV. A combination of studies involving ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy and density functional theory shows that the narrowing of the band gap upon borane coordination to the pyridal nitrogen on PT is a result of lowering the energies of both the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of the optically relevant fragments; however, the LUMO is decreased to a greater extent, thereby giving rise to the narrowing of the gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory C Welch
- Center for Polymers and Organic Solids, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
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31
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Qian G, Abu H, Wang ZY. A precursor strategy for the synthesis of low band-gap polymers: an efficient route to a series of near-infrared electrochromic polymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm10629e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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32
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