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Zhao W, Guo F, Kong L, Liu J, Hong X, Jiang Z, Song H, Cui X, Ruan J, Liu X. Yeast YPK9 deficiency results in shortened replicative lifespan and sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide. Biogerontology 2021; 22:547-563. [PMID: 34524607 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-021-09935-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
YPK9/YOR291W of Saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes a vacuolar membrane protein. Previous research has suggested that Ypk9p is similar to the yeast P5-type ATPase Spf1p and that it plays a role in the sequestration of heavy metals. In addition, bioinformatics analysis has suggested that Ypk9p is a homolog of human ATP13A2, which encodes a protein of the subfamily of P5 ATPases. However, no specific function of Ypk9p has been described to date. In this study, we found, for the first time, that YPK9 is involved in the oxidative stress response and modulation of the replicative lifespan (RLS). We found that YPK9 deficiency confers sensitivity to the oxidative stress inducer hydrogen peroxide accompanied by increased intracellular ROS levels, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, abnormal mitochondrial function, and increased incidence of early apoptosis in budding yeast. More importantly, YPK9 deficiency can lead to a shortened RLS. In addition, we found that overexpression of the catalase-encoding gene CTA1 can reverse the phenotypic abnormalities of the ypk9Δ yeast strain. Collectively, these findings highlight the involvement of Ypk9p in the oxidative stress response and modulation of RLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Fang Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Lingyue Kong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Xiaoshan Hong
- Institute of Gynecology, Women and Children's Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 511442, China
| | - Zhiwen Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Haochang Song
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Xiaojing Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Jie Ruan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
| | - Xinguang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
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Nair JJ, van Staden J. Insight to the antifungal properties of Amaryllidaceae constituents. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 73:152753. [PMID: 30773353 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fungal pathogenesis continues to be a burden to healthcare structures in both developed and developing nations. The gradual and irreversible loss of efficacies of existing antifungal medicines as well as the emergence of drug-resistant strains have contributed largely to this scenario. There is therefore a pressing need for new drugs from diverse structural backgrounds with improved potencies and novel modes of action to fortify or replace contemporary antifungal schedules. AIM Alkaloids of the plant family Amaryllidaceae exhibit good growth inhibitory activities against several fungal pathogens. This review focuses on the mechanistic aspects of these antifungal activities. It achieves this by highlighting the molecular targets as well as structural features of Amaryllidaceae constituents which serve to enhance such action. METHODS During the information gathering stage extensive use was made of the three database platforms; Google Scholar, SciFinder and Scopus. In most instances articles were accessed directly from journals licensed to the University of KwaZulu-Natal. In the absence of such proprietary agreements the respective corresponding authors were approached directly for copies of papers. RESULTS Although several classes of molecules from the Amaryllidaceae have been probed for their antifungal effects, it is the key constituents lycorine and narciclasine which have together afforded the most profound mechanistic insights. These may be summarized as follows: (i) effects on the fungal cell wall and cell membrane; (ii) effects on morphology such as budding and hyphal growth; (iii) effects on fungal organelles such as ribosomes; (iv) effects on macromolecules such as DNA, RNA and proteins and; (v) identification of the active sites for these constituents. CONCLUSION The key feature in the antifungal effects of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids is the inhibition of protein synthesis. This involved the inhibition of peptide bond formation by binding to yeast ribosomes via the 60S subunit. Related effects involved the inhibition of both DNA and RNA synthesis. These adverse effects were reflected morphologically on both the fungal cell wall and cell membrane. Such observations should prove useful in the chemotherapeutic arena should efforts shift towards the development of a clinical candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerald J Nair
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa
| | - Johannes van Staden
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa.
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Roy M, Liang L, Xiao X, Feng P, Ye M, Liu J. Lycorine: A prospective natural lead for anticancer drug discovery. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:615-624. [PMID: 30114645 PMCID: PMC7127747 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Outline of the anticancer properties and associated molecular mechanism mediated by lycorine. Comprehensive analysis of the structure activity relationship associated with anticancer activity of lycorine. Summary of the pharmacological aspects and implications for future directions with this compound.
Nature is the most abundant source for novel drug discovery. Lycorine is a natural alkaloid with immense therapeutic potential. Lycorine is active in a very low concentration and with high specificity against a number of cancers both in vivo and in vitro and against various drug-resistant cancer cells. This review summarized the therapeutic effect and the anticancer mechanisms of lycorine. At the same time, we have discussed the pharmacology and comparative structure-activity relationship for the anticancer activity of this compound. The researches outlined in this paper serve as a foundation to explain lycorine as an important lead compound for new generation anticancer drug design and provide the principle for the development of biological strategies to utilize lycorine in the treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mridul Roy
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Long Liang
- Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Xiaojuan Xiao
- Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Peifu Feng
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Mao Ye
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Jing Liu
- Molecular Biology Research Center & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
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Stoycheva T, Massardo DR, Pesheva M, Venkov P, Wolf K, Del Giudice L, Pontieri P. Ty1 transposition induced by carcinogens in Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast depends on mitochondrial function. Gene 2007; 389:212-8. [PMID: 17208390 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2006.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2006] [Revised: 11/07/2006] [Accepted: 11/16/2006] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The transposition of the Ty mobile genetic element of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is induced by carcinogens. While the molecular background of spontaneous Ty1 transposition is well understood, the detailed mechanism of carcinogen induced Ty1 transposition is not clear. We found that mitochondrial functions participate in the Ty induced transposition induced by carcinogens. Contrary to the parental rho(+) cells rho(-) mutants (spontaneous or induced by ethidium bromide) do not increase the rate of Ty1 transposition upon treatment with carcinogens. Preliminary results strongly suggest that the absence of oxidative phosphorylation in rho(-) mutants is the reason for the inhibited Ty transposition. The lack of carcinogen induced Ty1 transposition in rho(-) cells is not specific for a particular carcinogen and represents a general feature of different carcinogenic substances inducing rho(-). It is concluded that carcinogen induced Ty1 transposition depends on the functional state of mitochondria and cannot take place in cells with compromised mitochondrial function (rho(-)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Stoycheva
- Institute of Cryobiology and Food Technology, Department of Molecular Ecology, 53 A Cherni Vrah Blvd, 1407 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Bastida J, Lavilla R, Viladomat F. Chemical and biological aspects of Narcissus alkaloids. THE ALKALOIDS. CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2006; 63:87-179. [PMID: 17133715 PMCID: PMC7118783 DOI: 10.1016/s1099-4831(06)63003-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This chapter discusses the chemical and biological aspects of Narcissus alkaloids. Numerous alkaloids have been isolated from Narcissus speciesasaresult of the continuing search for novel alkaloids with pharmacological activity in the Amaryllidaceae family. The alkaloids isolated from this genus, classified in relation to the different skeleton types. The different Narcissus wild species and intersectional hybrids, grouped into subgenera and sections, with their corresponding alkaloids, arranged according to their ring system are listed. The biosynthetic pathways of Narcissus alkaloids includes: (1) enzymatic preparation of the precursors, (2) primary cyclization mechanisms, (3) enzymatic preparation of intermediates, (4) secondary cyclization, diversification, and restructuring. The chapter discusses proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR), and mass spectrometry (MS) for Narcissus alkaloids. A list of the different Narcissus alkaloids, their spectroscopic properties, and literature with the most recent spectroscopic data is given. Several Narcissus extracts shows the following activities: antiviral, prophage induction, antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, insecticidal, cytotoxic, antitumor, antimitotic, antiplatelet, hypotensive, emetic, acetylcholine esterase inhibitory, antifertility, antinociceptive, chronotropic, pheromone, plant growth inhibitor, and allelopathic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaume Bastida
- Departament de Productes Naturals, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Del Giudice L, Massardo DR, Pontieri P, Wolf K. Interaction between yeast mitochondrial and nuclear genomes: null alleles of RTG genes affect resistance to the alkaloid lycorine in rho0 petites of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Gene 2005; 354:9-14. [PMID: 15893890 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2005.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2005] [Revised: 01/23/2005] [Accepted: 03/23/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Some nuclear genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) respond to signals from the mitochondria in a process called by Butow (Cell Death Differ. 9 (2002) 1043-1045) retrograde regulation. Expression of these genes is activated in cells lacking mitochondrial function by involvement of RTG1, RTG2 and RTG3 genes whose protein products bind to "R-boxes" in the promoter region; RTG2p is a cytoplasmic protein. Since S. cerevisiae rho0 strains, lacking the entire mitochondrial genome, are resistant to lycorine, an alkaloid extracted from Amaryllis plants, it could be hypothesized that in rho0 cells the dysfunctional mitochondrial status stimulates overexpression of nuclear genes very likely involved in both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA replication. In this report we show that the resistance of rho0 cells to lycorine is affected by the deletion of RTG genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Del Giudice
- Istituto di Genetica e Biofisica Adriano Buzzati-Traverso, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Napoli, Italy.
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