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Li J, Sun M, Liu G, Zhou J, Chang Y, Xue C. Characterization and elucidation of a novel M-specific alginate lyase Aly7Aq with strict recognition at subsites ±2. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:133972. [PMID: 39029836 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
A novel alginate lyase Aly7Aq was cloned and heterologous expressed by a combination of bioinformatics and molecular biology. Aly7Aq was an M-specific alginate lyase, exhibiting optimum reaction conditions at 50 °C and pH 10.0. Aly7Aq was determined to degrade polysaccharides in a random endo-acting manner. The minimum reaction substrate was tetrasaccharide, and Aly7Aq mainly attacked the third glycosidic linkage from the reducing end of oligosaccharide substrates. The disaccharide product of Aly7Aq was ΔM and the trisaccharide products were ΔMM and ΔMG, which differed from all previously characterized M-specific alginate lyases. The degradation products demonstrated that the ±2 subsites of Aly7Aq strictly recognized M units, while the -1 subsite accommodated both M and G units. Therefore, the substrate specificity of Aly7Aq was derived from the specificity of ±2 subsites. This is the first report on the specificity at subsite ±2 of M-specific alginate lyase. The novel M-specific Aly7Aq could serve as a potential tool in the specific degradation of alginate and targeted preparation of oligosaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Menghui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Guanchen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Jinhang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Yaoguang Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China.
| | - Changhu Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China
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Chen Y, Ci F, Jiang H, Meng D, Hamouda HI, Liu C, Quan Y, Chen S, Bai X, Zhang Z, Gao X, Balah MA, Mao X. Catalytic properties characterization and degradation mode elucidation of a polyG-specific alginate lyase OUC-FaAly7. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 333:121929. [PMID: 38494211 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Polymerized guluronates (polyG)-specific alginate lyase with lower polymerized mannuronates (polyM)-degrading activity, superior stability, and clear action mode is a powerful biotechnology tool for the preparation of AOSs rich in M blocks. In this study, we expressed and characterized a polyG-specific alginate lyase OUC-FaAly7 from Formosa agariphila KMM3901. OUC-FaAly7 belonging to polysaccharide lyase (PL) family 7 had highest activity (2743.7 ± 20.3 U/μmol) at 45 °C and pH 6.0. Surprisingly, its specific activity against polyG reached 8560.2 ± 76.7 U/μmol, whereas its polyM-degrading activity was nearly 0 within 10 min reaction. Suggesting that OUC-FaAly7 was a strict polyG-specific alginate lyase. Importantly, OUC-FaAly7 showed a wide range of temperature adaptations and remarkable temperature and pH stability. Its relative activity between 20 °C and 45 °C reached >90 % of the maximum activity. The minimum identifiable substrate of OUC-FaAly7 was guluronate tetrasaccharide (G4). Action process and mode showed that it was a novel alginate lyase digesting guluronate hexaose (G6), guluronate heptaose (G7), and polymerized guluronates, with the preferential generation of unsaturated guluronate pentasaccharide (UG5), although which could be further degraded into unsaturated guluronate disaccharide (UG3) and trisaccharide (UG2). This study contributes to illustrating the catalytic properties, substrate recognition, and action mode of novel polyG-specific alginate lyases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Fangfang Ci
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China; Weihai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chuangxin Road 166-6, Torch Hi-tech Science Park, Weihai 264200, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China; Sanya Ocean Institute, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China.
| | - Di Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Hamed I Hamouda
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China; Processes Design and Development Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Nasr City, 11727, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Chunhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China; Sanya Ocean Institute, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Yongyi Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Suxue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Xinxue Bai
- Sanya Ocean Institute, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Zhaohui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China; Sanya Ocean Institute, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Xin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China; Sanya Ocean Institute, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Mohamed A Balah
- Plant Protection Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo 11753, Egypt
| | - Xiangzhao Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China; Sanya Ocean Institute, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China
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3
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Li X, Yang M, Mo K, Hu Y, Gu H, Sun D, Bao S, Huang H. Genome Analysis of Multiple Polysaccharide-Degrading Bacterium Microbulbifer thermotolerans HB226069: Determination of Alginate Lyase Activity. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 26:488-499. [PMID: 38668917 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-024-10311-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Polysaccharide-degrading bacteria are key participants in the global carbon cycle and algal biomass recycling. Herein, a polysaccharide lyase-producing strain HB226069 was isolated from Sargassum sp. from Qingge Port, Hainan, China. Results of the phylogenetic of the 16S rRNA gene and genotypic analysis indicated that the isolate should be classified as Microbulbifer thermotolerans. The whole genome is a 4,021,337 bp circular chromosome with a G+C content of 56.5%. Analysis of the predicted genes indicated that strain HB226069 encoded 161 carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes), and abundant putative enzymes involved in polysaccharide degradation were predicted, including alginate lyase, fucosidase, agarase, xylanase, cellulase, pectate lyase, amylase, and chitinase. Three of the putative polysaccharide lyases from PL7 and PL17 families were involved in alginate degradation. The alginate lyases of strain HB226069 showed the maximum activity of 117.4 U/mL at 50 °C, pH 7.0, and 0.05 M FeCl3, while exhibiting the best stability at 30 °C and pH 7.0. The Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS) analyses indicated that the alginate oligosaccharides (AOSs) degraded by the partially purified alginate lyases contained oligosaccharides of DP2-DP5 and monosaccharide while reacting for 36 h. The complete genome of M. thermotolerans HB226069 enriches our understanding of the mechanism of polysaccharide lyase production and supports its potential application in polysaccharide degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Miao Yang
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, CATAS, Haikou, 571101, Hainan, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, CATAS, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Kunlian Mo
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, CATAS, Haikou, 571101, Hainan, China
- Zhanjiang Experimental Station, CATAS, Zhanjiang, 524013, Guangdong, China
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bioresources, Haikou, 571101, Hainan, China
| | - Yonghua Hu
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, CATAS, Haikou, 571101, Hainan, China
- Zhanjiang Experimental Station, CATAS, Zhanjiang, 524013, Guangdong, China
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bioresources, Haikou, 571101, Hainan, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Hanjie Gu
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, CATAS, Haikou, 571101, Hainan, China
- Zhanjiang Experimental Station, CATAS, Zhanjiang, 524013, Guangdong, China
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bioresources, Haikou, 571101, Hainan, China
| | - Dongmei Sun
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163000, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Shixiang Bao
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, CATAS, Haikou, 571101, Hainan, China.
- Zhanjiang Experimental Station, CATAS, Zhanjiang, 524013, Guangdong, China.
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bioresources, Haikou, 571101, Hainan, China.
| | - Huiqin Huang
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, CATAS, Haikou, 571101, Hainan, China.
- Zhanjiang Experimental Station, CATAS, Zhanjiang, 524013, Guangdong, China.
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bioresources, Haikou, 571101, Hainan, China.
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Zhou L, Meng Q, Zhang R, Jiang B, Liu X, Chen J, Zhang T. Characterization of a Novel Polysaccharide Lyase Family 5 Alginate Lyase with PolyM Substrate Specificity. Foods 2022; 11:3527. [PMID: 36360141 PMCID: PMC9655155 DOI: 10.3390/foods11213527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Alginate lyases (ALyases) have been widely applied in enzymatically degrading alginate for the preparation of alginate oligosaccharides (AOS), which possess a range of excellent physiological benefits including immunoregulatory, antivirus, and antidiabetic properties. Among the characterized ALyases, the number of ALyases with strict substrate specificity which possess potential in directed preparation of AOS is quite small. ALyases of polysaccharides lyase (PL) 5 family have been reported to perform poly-β-D-mannuronic acid (Poly-M) substrate specificity. However, there have been fewer studies with a comprehensive characterization and comparison of PL 5 family ALyases. In this study, a putative PL 5 family ALyase PMD was cloned from Pseudomonas mendocina and expressed in Escherichia coli. The novel ALyase presented maximum activity at 30 °C and pH 7.0. PMD displayed pH stability properties under the range of pH 5 to pH 9, which retained more than 80% relative activity, even when incubated for 48 h. Product analysis indicated that PMD might be an endolytic ALyase with strict Poly M substrate specificity and yield disaccharide and trisaccharide as main products. In addition, residues K58, R66, Y248, and R344 were proposed to be the potential key residues for catalysis via site-directed mutation. Detailed characterization of PMD and comprehensive comparisons could supply some different information about properties of PL 5 ALyases which might be helpful for its application in the directed production of AOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qing Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiaoyong Liu
- Shandong Haizhibao Ocean Technology Co., Ltd., Weihai 264333, China
| | - Jingjing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Huang H, Zheng Z, Zou X, Wang Z, Gao R, Zhu J, Hu Y, Bao S. Genome Analysis of a Novel Polysaccharide-Degrading Bacterium Paenibacillus algicola and Determination of Alginate Lyases. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20060388. [PMID: 35736191 PMCID: PMC9227215 DOI: 10.3390/md20060388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) are an important characteristic of bacteria in marine systems. We herein describe the CAZymes of Paenibacillus algicola HB172198T, a novel type species isolated from brown algae in Qishui Bay, Hainan, China. The genome of strain HB172198T is a 4,475,055 bp circular chromosome with an average GC content of 51.2%. Analysis of the nucleotide sequences of the predicted genes shows that strain HB172198T encodes 191 CAZymes. Abundant putative enzymes involved in the degradation of polysaccharides were identified, such as alginate lyase, agarase, carrageenase, xanthanase, xylanase, amylases, cellulase, chitinase, fucosidase and glucanase. Four of the putative polysaccharide lyases from families 7, 15 and 38 were involved in alginate degradation. The alginate lyases of strain HB172198T exhibited the maximum activity 152 U/mL at 50 °C and pH 8.0, and were relatively stable at pH 7.0 and temperatures lower than 40 °C. The average degree of polymerization (DP) of the sodium alginate oligosaccharide (AOS) degraded by the partially purified alginate lyases remained around 14.2, and the thin layer chromatography (TCL) analysis indicated that it contained DP2-DP8 oligosaccharides. The complete genome sequence of P. algicola HB172198T will enrich our knowledge of the mechanism of polysaccharide lyase production and provide insights into its potential applications in the degradation of polysaccharides such as alginate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqin Huang
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (H.H.); (Z.Z.); (X.Z.); (Z.W.); (R.G.); (J.Z.)
- Zhanjiang Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524013, China
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bioresources, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Zhiguo Zheng
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (H.H.); (Z.Z.); (X.Z.); (Z.W.); (R.G.); (J.Z.)
- Zhanjiang Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524013, China
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bioresources, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zou
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (H.H.); (Z.Z.); (X.Z.); (Z.W.); (R.G.); (J.Z.)
- Zhanjiang Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524013, China
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bioresources, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Zixu Wang
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (H.H.); (Z.Z.); (X.Z.); (Z.W.); (R.G.); (J.Z.)
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bioresources, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Rong Gao
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (H.H.); (Z.Z.); (X.Z.); (Z.W.); (R.G.); (J.Z.)
- College of Oceanography, Hebei Agricultural University, Qinhuangdao 066000, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (H.H.); (Z.Z.); (X.Z.); (Z.W.); (R.G.); (J.Z.)
- Zhanjiang Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524013, China
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bioresources, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Yonghua Hu
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (H.H.); (Z.Z.); (X.Z.); (Z.W.); (R.G.); (J.Z.)
- Zhanjiang Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524013, China
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bioresources, Haikou 571101, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
- Correspondence: (Y.H.); (S.B.); Tel.: +86-898-66890671 (Y.H.); +86-898-66895379 (S.B.)
| | - Shixiang Bao
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (H.H.); (Z.Z.); (X.Z.); (Z.W.); (R.G.); (J.Z.)
- Zhanjiang Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524013, China
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bioresources, Haikou 571101, China
- Correspondence: (Y.H.); (S.B.); Tel.: +86-898-66890671 (Y.H.); +86-898-66895379 (S.B.)
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Mrudulakumari Vasudevan U, Lee OK, Lee EY. Alginate derived functional oligosaccharides: Recent developments, barriers, and future outlooks. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 267:118158. [PMID: 34119132 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alginate is a biopolymer used extensively in the food, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries. Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) derived from alginate exhibit superior biological activities and therapeutic potential. Alginate lyases with characteristic substrate specificity can facilitate the production of a broad array of AOS with precise structure and functionality. By adopting innovative analytical tools in conjunction with focused clinical studies, the structure-bioactivity relationship of a number of AOS has been brought to light. This review covers fundamental aspects and recent developments in AOS research. Enzymatic and microbial processes involved in AOS production from brown algae and sequential steps involved in AOS structure elucidation are outlined. Biological mechanisms underlying the health benefits of AOS and their potential industrial and therapeutic applications are elaborated. Withal, various challenges in AOS research are traced out, and future directions, specifically on recombinant systems for AOS preparation, are delineated to further widen the horizon of these exceptional oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ushasree Mrudulakumari Vasudevan
- Department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated Engineering), Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok Kyung Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated Engineering), Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Yeol Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated Engineering), Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea.
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Expression and Characterization of a Cold-Adapted Alginate Lyase with Exo/Endo-Type Activity from a Novel Marine Bacterium Alteromonas portus HB161718 T. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19030155. [PMID: 33802659 PMCID: PMC8002439 DOI: 10.3390/md19030155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The alginate lyases have unique advantages in the preparation of alginate oligosaccharides and processing of brown algae. Herein, a gene alg2951 encoding a PL7 family alginate lyase with exo/endo-type activity was cloned from a novel marine bacterium Alteromonas portus HB161718T and then expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant Alg2951 in the culture supernatant reached the activity of 63.6 U/mL, with a molecular weight of approximate 60 kDa. Alg2951 exhibited the maximum activity at 25 °C and pH 8.0, was relatively stable at temperatures lower than 30 °C, and showed a special preference to poly-guluronic acid (polyG) as well. Both NaCl and KCl had the most promotion effect on the enzyme activity of Alg2951 at 0.2 M, increasing by 21.6 and 19.1 times, respectively. The TCL (Thin Layer Chromatography) and ESI-MS (Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry) analyses suggested that Alg2951 could catalyze the hydrolysis of sodium alginate to produce monosaccharides and trisaccharides. Furthermore, the enzymatic hydrolysates displayed good antioxidant activity by assays of the scavenging abilities towards radicals (hydroxyl and ABTS+) and the reducing power. Due to its cold-adapted and dual exo/endo-type properties, Alg2951 can be a potential enzymatic tool for industrial production.
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Cheng D, Jiang C, Xu J, Liu Z, Mao X. Characteristics and applications of alginate lyases: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:1304-1320. [PMID: 32745554 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Brown algae, as the main source of alginate, are a type of marine biomass with a very high output. Alginate, a polysaccharide composed of β-D-mannuronic acid (M) and α-L-guluronic acid (G), has great potential for applications in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Alginate lyases (Alys) can degrade alginate polymers into oligosaccharides or monosaccharides, resulting in a broad application field. Alys can be used for both the production of alginate oligosaccharides and the biorefinery of brown algae. In view of their important functions, an increasing number of Alys have been isolated and characterized. For better application, a comprehensive understanding of Alys is essential. Therefore, in this paper, we summarized recently discovered Alys, discussed their characteristics, and introduced their structural properties, degradation patterns and biological roles in alginate-degrading organisms. In addition, applications of Alys have been illustrated with examples. This paper provides a relatively comprehensive description of Alys, which is significant for Alys exploration and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyang Cheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Chengcheng Jiang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jiachao Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Xiangzhao Mao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
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Sun H, Gao L, Xue C, Mao X. Marine-polysaccharide degrading enzymes: Status and prospects. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:2767-2796. [PMID: 33337030 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Marine-polysaccharide degrading enzymes have recently been studied extensively. They are particularly interesting as they catalyze the cleavage of glycosidic bonds in polysaccharide macromolecules and produce oligosaccharides with low degrees of polymerization. Numerous findings have demonstrated that marine polysaccharides and their biotransformed products possess beneficial properties including antitumor, antiviral, anticoagulant, and anti-inflammatory activities, and they have great value in healthcare, cosmetics, the food industry, and agriculture. Exploitation of enzymes that can degrade marine polysaccharides is in the ascendant, and is important for high-value use of marine biomass resources. In this review, we describe research and prospects regarding the classification, biochemical properties, and catalytic mechanisms of the main types of marine-polysaccharide degrading enzymes, focusing on chitinase, chitosanase, alginate lyase, agarase, and carrageenase, and their product oligosaccharides. The state-of-the-art discussion of marine-polysaccharide degrading enzymes and their properties offers information that might enable more efficient production of marine oligosaccharides. We also highlight current problems in the field of marine-polysaccharide degrading enzymes and trends in their development. Understanding the properties, catalytic mechanisms, and modification of known enzymes will aid the identification of novel enzymes to degrade marine polysaccharides and facilitation of their use in various biotechnological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Department of Food Engineering and Nutrition, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Li Gao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiangzhao Mao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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10
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Belik AA, Tabakmakher KM, Silchenko AS, Makarieva TN, Minh CV, Ermakova SP, Zvyagintseva TN. Sulfated steroids of Halichondriidae family sponges - Natural inhibitors of polysaccharide-degrading enzymes of bacterium Formosa algae, inhabiting brown alga Fucus evanescens. Carbohydr Res 2019; 484:107776. [PMID: 31421353 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2019.107776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Inhibiting effects of sulfated steroids from marine sponges of Halichondriidae family: halistanol sulfate, topsentiasterol sulfate D and chlorotopsentiasterol sulfate D were investigated on three different types of enzymes degrading polysaccharides of brown algae: endo-1,3-β-d-glucanase GFA, fucoidan hydrolase FFA2 and bifunctional alginate lyase ALFA3 from marine bacterium Formosa algae KMM 3553T, inhabiting thalli of brown alga Fucus evanescens. This is the first research, devoted to influence of a marine natural compound on three functionally related enzymes that make up the complex of enzymes, necessary to degrade unique carbohydrate components of brown algae. Alginic acid, 1,3-β-D-glucan (laminaran) and fucoidan jointly constitute practically all carbohydrate biomass of brown algae, so enzymes, able to degrade such polysaccharides, are crucial for digesting brown algae biomass as well as for organisms surviving and proliferating on brown algae thalli. Halistanol sulfate irreversibly inhibited native endo-1,3-β-D-glucanases of marine mollusks, but reversibly competitively inhibited recombinant endo-1,3-β-d-glucanase GFA. This fact indicates that there are significant structural differences between the enzymes of practically the same specificity. For alginate lyase and fucoidan hydrolase halistanol sulfate was irreversible inhibitor. Topsentiasterol sulfate D was less active inhibitor whereas chlorotopsentiasterol sulfate D was the strongest inhibitor of enzymes under the study. Chlorotopsentiasterol sulfate D caused 98% irreversible inhibition of GFA. Chlorotopsentiasterol sulfate D also caused reversible and 100% inhibition of ALFA3, which is unusual for reversible inhibitors. Inhibition of FFA2 was complete and irreversible in all cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A Belik
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku 159, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia.
| | - Kseniya M Tabakmakher
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku 159, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia
| | - Artem S Silchenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku 159, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia
| | - Tatiana N Makarieva
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku 159, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia
| | - C V Minh
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Svetlana P Ermakova
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku 159, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia
| | - Tatiana N Zvyagintseva
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku 159, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia
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11
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Liu J, Yang S, Li X, Yan Q, Reaney MJT, Jiang Z. Alginate Oligosaccharides: Production, Biological Activities, and Potential Applications. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2019; 18:1859-1881. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human HealthCollege of Food Science and Nutritional EngineeringChina Agricultural Univ. Beijing 100083 China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human HealthBeijing Technology and Business Univ. Beijing 100048 China
| | - Shaoqing Yang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human HealthCollege of Food Science and Nutritional EngineeringChina Agricultural Univ. Beijing 100083 China
| | - Xiuting Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human HealthBeijing Technology and Business Univ. Beijing 100048 China
| | - Qiaojuan Yan
- Bioresource Utilization LaboratoryCollege of EngineeringChina Agricultural Univ. Beijing 100083 China
| | - Martin J. T. Reaney
- Dept. of Plant SciencesUniv. of Saskatchewan Saskatoon SK S7N 5A8 Canada
- Guangdong Saskatchewan Oilseed Joint Laboratory (GUSTO)Dept. of Food Science and EngineeringJinan Univ. Guangzhou 510632 China
| | - Zhengqiang Jiang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human HealthCollege of Food Science and Nutritional EngineeringChina Agricultural Univ. Beijing 100083 China
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12
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Wang Y, Chen X, Bi X, Ren Y, Han Q, Zhou Y, Han Y, Yao R, Li S. Characterization of an Alkaline Alginate Lyase with pH-Stable and Thermo-Tolerance Property. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17050308. [PMID: 31137685 PMCID: PMC6562718 DOI: 10.3390/md17050308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) show versatile bioactivities. Although various alginate lyases have been characterized, enzymes with special characteristics are still rare. In this study, a polysaccharide lyase family 7 (PL7) alginate lyase-encoding gene, aly08, was cloned from the marine bacterium Vibrio sp. SY01 and expressed in Escherichia coli. The purified alginate lyase Aly08, with a molecular weight of 35 kDa, showed a specific activity of 841 U/mg at its optimal pH (pH 8.35) and temperature (45 °C). Aly08 showed good pH-stability, as it remained more than 80% of its initial activity in a wide pH range (4.0–10.0). Aly08 was also a thermo-tolerant enzyme that recovered 70.8% of its initial activity following heat shock treatment for 5 min. This study also demonstrated that Aly08 is a polyG-preferred enzyme. Furthermore, Aly08 degraded alginates into disaccharides and trisaccharides in an endo-manner. Its thermo-tolerance and pH-stable properties make Aly08 a good candidate for further applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Xuehong Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Xiaolin Bi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Yining Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Qi Han
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Yantao Han
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Ruyong Yao
- Central Laboratory of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Shangyong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
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13
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Lu D, Zhang Q, Wang S, Guan J, Jiao R, Han N, Han W, Li F. Biochemical characteristics and synergistic effect of two novel alginate lyases from Photobacterium sp. FC615. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:260. [PMID: 31700543 PMCID: PMC6827250 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1600-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macroalgae and microalgae, as feedstocks for third-generation biofuel, possess competitive strengths in terms of cost, technology and economics. The most important compound in brown macroalgae is alginate, and the synergistic effect of endolytic and exolytic alginate lyases plays a crucial role in the saccharification process of transforming alginate into biofuel. However, there are few studies on the synergistic effect of endolytic and exolytic alginate lyases, especially those from the same bacterial strain. RESULTS In this study, the endolytic alginate lyase AlyPB1 and exolytic alginate lyase AlyPB2 were identified from the marine bacterium Photobacterium sp. FC615. These two enzymes showed quite different and novel enzymatic properties whereas behaved a strong synergistic effect on the saccharification of alginate. Compared to that when AlyPB2 was used alone, the conversion rate of alginate polysaccharides to unsaturated monosaccharides when AlyPB1 and AlyPB2 acted on alginate together was dramatically increased approximately sevenfold. Furthermore, we found that AlyPB1 and AlyPB2 acted the synergistic effect basing on the complementarity of their substrate degradation patterns, particularly due to their M-/G-preference and substrate-size dependence. In addition, a novel method for sequencing alginate oligosaccharides was developed for the first time by combining the 1H NMR spectroscopy and the enzymatic digestion with the exo-lyase AlyPB2, and this method is much simpler than traditional methods based on one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy. Using this strategy, the sequences of the final tetrasaccharide and pentasaccharide product fractions produced by AlyPB1 were easily determined: the tetrasaccharide fractions contained two structures, ΔGMM and ΔMMM, at a molar ratio of 1:3.2, and the pentasaccharide fractions contained four structures, ΔMMMM, ΔMGMM, ΔGMMM, and ΔGGMM, at a molar ratio of ~ 1:1.5:3.5:5.25. CONCLUSIONS The identification of these two novel alginate lyases provides not only excellent candidate tool-type enzymes for oligosaccharide preparation but also a good model for studying the synergistic digestion and saccharification of alginate in biofuel production. The novel method for oligosaccharide sequencing described in this study will offer a very useful approach for structural and functional studies on alginate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danrong Lu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao, 266200 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingdong Zhang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao, 266200 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shumin Wang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao, 266200 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Guan
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao, 266200 People’s Republic of China
| | - Runmiao Jiao
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao, 266200 People’s Republic of China
| | - Naihan Han
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao, 266200 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Han
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao, 266200 People’s Republic of China
| | - Fuchuan Li
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Rd, Qingdao, 266200 People’s Republic of China
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14
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Yang M, Yu Y, Yang S, Shi X, Mou H, Li L. Expression and Characterization of a New PolyG-Specific Alginate Lyase From Marine Bacterium Microbulbifer sp. Q7. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2894. [PMID: 30555439 PMCID: PMC6281962 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Alginate lyases play an important role in preparation of alginate oligosaccharides. Although a large number of alginate lyases have been characterized, reports on directional preparation of alginate oligosaccharides by alginate lyases are still rather less. Here, a gene alyM encoding a new alginate lyase AlyM was cloned from Microbulbifer sp. Q7 and expressed in Escherichia coli. AlyM exhibited the maximumactivity at pH 7.0 and 55°C and showed special preference to poly-guluronic acid (polyG). Glycine promoted the extracellular secretion of AlyM by 3.6 times. PBS and glycerol significantly improved the thermal stability of AlyM, the enzyme activity remained 75 and 78% after heat-treatment at 45°C for 2 h, respectively. ESI-MS analysis suggested that AlyM mainly produced oligosaccharides with degrees of polymerization (DP) of 2-5. The results of 1H-NMR showed that guluronic acid (G) occupied the reducing end of the end products, indicating that AlyM preferred to degrade the glycosidic bond at the G-X linkage. HPLC analysis showed that the hydrolysis products with a lower degree of polymerization contained more G. Therefore, AlyM shows good potential to produce alginate oligosaccharides with specific M/G ratio and molecular weights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuan Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Suxiao Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaohui Shi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Haijin Mou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Li Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
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15
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Tavafi H, Ali AA, Ghadam P, Gharavi S. Screening, cloning and expression of a novel alginate lyase gene from P. aeruginosa TAG 48 and its antibiofilm effects on P. aeruginosa biofilm. Microb Pathog 2018; 124:356-364. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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16
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Muhammadi, Shafiq S. Genetic, structural and pharmacological characterization of polymannuronate synthesized by algG mutant indigenous soil bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa CMG1421. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 126:113-126. [PMID: 30179291 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS It was aimed to study the genetic, structural and pharmacological characteristics of polymannuronate synthesized by Pseudomonas aeruginosa CMG1421. METHODS AND RESULTS Synthesis was analysed by transmission electron microscopy, FT/IR, 1 H-NMR and gel permeation chromatography followed by in vitro bioassays. Colony PCR followed by sequence analysis was employed for screening of structural genes. FT/IR analysis indicated the presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl and O-acetyl groups linked to mannuronate. 1 H-NMR analysis indicated M-M bond characteristics for mannuronic acid residues. The average relative molecular weight was found in range of 20 000-250 000 Da. The amplified DNA fragments were identified as 16S rRNA, algD, alg8, alg44, algG, algE and algX genes showing 99-100% homology with those of P. aeruginosa. However, in algG there were transition mutations of adenine and cytosine at nucleotide position 766 and 769, and 878 and 881 respectively. Polymannuronate and its oligomannuronates respectively showed moderate and significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity and antidiabetic activities. CONCLUSIONS Alginate synthesized by ∆algG mutant P. aeruginosa CMG1421 was bioactive and solely consists of acetylated d-mannuronates. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY We investigated biocompatible, nonimmunogenic and nontoxic pharmacological agents for treatment and attenuation of degenerative, inflammatory, autoimmune disease, and metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammadi
- Centre for Bioresource Research, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - S Shafiq
- Centre for Bioresource Research, Islamabad, Pakistan
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17
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Zhu B, Ning L, Jiang Y, Ge L. Biochemical Characterization and Degradation Pattern of a Novel Endo-Type Bifunctional Alginate Lyase AlyA from Marine Bacterium Isoptericola halotolerans. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:E258. [PMID: 30065151 PMCID: PMC6117692 DOI: 10.3390/md16080258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Alginate lyases are important tools to prepare oligosaccharides with various physiological activities by degrading alginate. Particularly, the bifunctional alginate lyase can efficiently hydrolyze the polysaccharide into oligosaccharides. Herein, we cloned and identified a novel bifunctional alginate lyase, AlyA, with a high activity and broad substrate specificity from bacterium Isoptericola halotolerans NJ-05 for oligosaccharides preparation. For further applications in industry, the enzyme has been characterized and its action mode has been also elucidated. It exhibited the highest activity (7984.82 U/mg) at pH 7.5 and 55 °C. Additionally, it possessed a broad substrate specificity, showing high activities towards not only polyM (polyβ-d-mannuronate) (7658.63 U/mg), but also polyG (poly α-l-guluronate) (8643.29 U/mg). Furthermore, the Km value of AlyA towards polyG (3.2 mM) was lower than that towards sodium alginate (5.6 mM) and polyM (6.7 mM). TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography) and ESI-MS (Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry) were used to study the action mode of the enzyme, showing that it can hydrolyze the substrates in an endolytic manner to release a series of oligosaccharides such as disaccharide, trisaccharide, and tetrasaccharide. This study provided extended insights into the substrate recognition and degrading pattern of the alginate lyases, with a broad substrate specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benwei Zhu
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Limin Ning
- College of Medicine and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yucui Jiang
- College of Medicine and Life Science, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Lin Ge
- Technology Transfer Center, Nanjing Forest University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China.
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18
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Zhu B, Hu F, Yuan H, Sun Y, Yao Z. Biochemical Characterization and Degradation Pattern of a Unique pH-Stable PolyM-Specific Alginate Lyase from Newly Isolated Serratia marcescens NJ-07. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16040129. [PMID: 29662025 PMCID: PMC5923416 DOI: 10.3390/md16040129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic preparation of alginate oligosaccharides with versatile bioactivities by alginate lyases has attracted increasing attention due to its featured characteristics, such as wild condition and specific products. In this study, AlgNJ-07, a novel polyM-specific alginate lyase with high specific activity and pH stability, has been purified from the newly isolated marine bacterium Serratia marcescens NJ-07. It has a molecular weight of approximately 25 kDa and exhibits the maximal activity of 2742.5 U/mg towards sodium alginate under 40 °C at pH 9.0. Additionally, AlgNJ-07 could retain more than 95% of its activity at pH range of 8.0–10.0, indicating it possesses excellent pH-stability. Moreover, it shows high activity and affinity towards polyM block and no activity to polyG block, which suggests that it is a strict polyM-specific alginate lyase. The degradation pattern of AlgNJ-07 has also been explored. The activity of AlgNJ-07 could be activated by NaCl with a low concentration (100–300 mM). It can be observed that AlgNJ-07 can recognize the trisaccharide as the minimal substrate and hydrolyze the trisaccharide into monosaccharide and disaccharide. The TLC and ESI-MS analysis indicate that it can hydrolyze substrates in a unique endolytic manner, producing not only oligosaccharides with Dp of 2–5 but also a large fraction of monosaccharide. Therefore, it may be a potent tool to produce alginate oligosaccharides with lower Dps (degree of polymerization).
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Affiliation(s)
- Benwei Zhu
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Fu Hu
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Heng Yuan
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Yun Sun
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Zhong Yao
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
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19
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Badur AH, Plutz MJ, Yalamanchili G, Jagtap SS, Schweder T, Unfried F, Markert S, Polz MF, Hehemann JH, Rao CV. Exploiting fine-scale genetic and physiological variation of closely related microbes to reveal unknown enzyme functions. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:13056-13067. [PMID: 28592491 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.787192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharide degradation by marine microbes represents one of the largest and most rapid heterotrophic transformations of organic matter in the environment. Microbes employ systems of complementary carbohydrate-specific enzymes to deconstruct algal or plant polysaccharides (glycans) into monosaccharides. Because of the high diversity of glycan substrates, the functions of these enzymes are often difficult to establish. One solution to this problem may lie within naturally occurring microdiversity; varying numbers of enzymes, due to gene loss, duplication, or transfer, among closely related environmental microbes create metabolic differences akin to those generated by knock-out strains engineered in the laboratory used to establish the functions of unknown genes. Inspired by this natural fine-scale microbial diversity, we show here that it can be used to develop hypotheses guiding biochemical experiments for establishing the role of these enzymes in nature. In this work, we investigated alginate degradation among closely related strains of the marine bacterium Vibrio splendidus One strain, V. splendidus 13B01, exhibited high extracellular alginate lyase activity compared with other V. splendidus strains. To identify the enzymes responsible for this high extracellular activity, we compared V. splendidus 13B01 with the previously characterized V. splendidus 12B01, which has low extracellular activity and lacks two alginate lyase genes present in V. splendidus 13B01. Using a combination of genomics, proteomics, biochemical, and functional screening, we identified a polysaccharide lyase family 7 enzyme that is unique to V. splendidus 13B01, secreted, and responsible for the rapid digestion of extracellular alginate. These results demonstrate the value of querying the enzymatic repertoires of closely related microbes to rapidly pinpoint key proteins with beneficial functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet H Badur
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Matthew J Plutz
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Geethika Yalamanchili
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Sujit Sadashiv Jagtap
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Thomas Schweder
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Pharmacy, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Frank Unfried
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Pharmacy, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stephanie Markert
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Pharmacy, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Martin F Polz
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Jan-Hendrik Hehemann
- Center for Marine Environmental Sciences University of Bremen (MARUM), Bremen 28359, Germany; Max Planck-Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstrasse 1, Bremen 28359, Germany.
| | - Christopher V Rao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801.
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Tavafi H, Abdi-Ali A, Ghadam P, Gharavi S. Screening of Alginate Lyase-Producing Bacteria and Optimization of Media Compositions for Extracellular Alginate Lyase Production. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2016; 21:48-56. [PMID: 27432784 PMCID: PMC5141254 DOI: 10.6091/.21.1.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background: Alginate is a linear polysaccharide consisting of guluronate (polyG) and mannuronate (polyM) subunits. Methods: In the initial screening of alginate-degrading bacteria from soil, 10 isolates were able to grow on minimal medium containing alginate. The optimization of cell growth and alginate lyase (algL) production was carried out by the addition of 0.8% alginate and 0.2-0.3 M NaCl to the culture medium. Of 10 isolates, one was selected based on its fast growth rate on minimal 9 medium containing 0.4% sodium alginate. The selected bacterium, identified based on morphological and biochemical characteristics, as well as 16S rDNA sequence data, was confirmed to be an isolate belonging to the genus Bacillus and designated as Bacillus sp. TAG8. Results: The results showed the ability of Bacillus sp. TAG8 in utilizing alginate as a sole carbon source. Bacillus sp. TAG8 growth and algL production were augmented with an increase in sodium alginate concentration and also by the addition of 0.2-0.3 M NaCl. Molecular analysis of TAG8 algL gene showed 99% sequence identity with algL of Pseudomonasaeruginosa PAO1. The algL produced by Bacillus sp. TAG8 cleaved both polyM and polyG blocks in alginate molecule, as well as acetylated alginate residues, confirming the bifunctionality of the isolated lyase. Conclusion: The identification of novel algL genes from microbial communities constitutes a new approach for exploring lyases with specific activity against bacterial alginates and may thus contribute to the eradication of persistent biofilms from clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadis Tavafi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahya Abdi-Ali
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parinaz Ghadam
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Gharavi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
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Zhu Y, Wu L, Chen Y, Ni H, Xiao A, Cai H. Characterization of an extracellular biofunctional alginate lyase from marine Microbulbifer sp. ALW1 and antioxidant activity of enzymatic hydrolysates. Microbiol Res 2016; 182:49-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 07/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Kim HS, Chu YJ, Park CH, Lee EY, Kim HS. Site-Directed Mutagenesis-Based Functional Analysis and Characterization of Endolytic Lyase Activity of N- and C-Terminal Domains of a Novel Oligoalginate Lyase from Sphingomonas sp. MJ-3 Possessing Exolytic Lyase Activity in the Intact Enzyme. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2015; 17:782-792. [PMID: 26342491 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-015-9658-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel oligoalginate lyase from a marine bacterium, Sphingomonas sp. strain MJ-3, exhibited a unique alginate degradation activity that completely depolymerizes alginate to monomers through the formation of oligomers. In order to reveal the reason why MJ-3 oligoalginate can exhibit both endolytic and exolytic alginate lyase activities, ten mutants were developed and characterized on the basis of homology modeling. When the recombinant cell lysates containing the mutated proteins of MJ-3 oligoalginate lyase were allowed to react with alginate, the Asn177Ala, His178Ala, Tyr234Phe, His389Ala, and Tyr426Phe mutants showed reduced oligoalginate lyase activity, whereas the Arg236Ala mutant exhibited endolytic activity. Interestingly, the overexpressed Arg236Ala protein (79.6 kDa) was proteolytically cleaved into two fragments, i.e., the N-terminal 32.0-kDa and the C-terminal 47.6-kDa fragments. Both the purified N-terminal and C-terminal fragments showed endolytic lyase activity. They preferentially degraded a heteropolymeric (polyMG) block than poly-β-D-mannuronate (polyM) or poly-α-L-guluronate (polyG) blocks. These results suggest that the oligoalginate lyase activity of MJ-3 enzyme is derived from the cooperative interaction between the N- and C-terminal endolytic alginate lyase domains in the intact enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Sol Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungsung University, Busan, 608-736, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jeong Chu
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungsung University, Busan, 608-736, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Ho Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi-do, 446-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Yeol Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi-do, 446-701, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hee Sook Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungsung University, Busan, 608-736, Republic of Korea.
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Shin JW, Lee OK, Park HH, Kim HS, Lee EY. Molecular characterization of a novel oligoalginate lyase consisting of AlgL- and heparinase II/III-like domains from Stenotrophomonas maltophilia KJ-2 and its application to alginate saccharification. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-014-0282-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Alginate lyases from alginate-degrading Vibrio splendidus 12B01 are endolytic. Appl Environ Microbiol 2015; 81:1865-73. [PMID: 25556193 DOI: 10.1128/aem.03460-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alginate lyases are enzymes that degrade alginate through β-elimination of the glycosidic bond into smaller oligomers. We investigated the alginate lyases from Vibrio splendidus 12B01, a marine bacterioplankton species that can grow on alginate as its sole carbon source. We identified, purified, and characterized four polysaccharide lyase family 7 alginates lyases, AlyA, AlyB, AlyD, and AlyE, from V. splendidus 12B01. The four lyases were found to have optimal activity between pH 7.5 and 8.5 and at 20 to 25°C, consistent with their use in a marine environment. AlyA, AlyB, AlyD, and AlyE were found to exhibit a turnover number (kcat) for alginate of 0.60 ± 0.02 s(-1), 3.7 ± 0.3 s(-1), 4.5 ± 0.5 s(-1), and 7.1 ± 0.2 s(-1), respectively. The Km values of AlyA, AlyB, AlyD, and AlyE toward alginate were 36 ± 7 μM, 22 ± 5 μM, 60 ± 2 μM, and 123 ± 6 μM, respectively. AlyA and AlyB were found principally to cleave the β-1,4 bonds between β-d-mannuronate and α-l-guluronate and subunits; AlyD and AlyE were found to principally cleave the α-1,4 bonds involving α-l-guluronate subunits. The four alginate lyases degrade alginate into longer chains of oligomers.
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Tran NM, Dufresne M, Helle F, Hoffmann TW, François C, Brochot E, Paullier P, Legallais C, Duverlie G, Castelain S. Alginate hydrogel protects encapsulated hepatic HuH-7 cells against hepatitis C virus and other viral infections. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109969. [PMID: 25310111 PMCID: PMC4195705 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell microencapsulation in alginate hydrogel has shown interesting applications in regenerative medicine and the biomedical field through implantation of encapsulated tissue or for bioartificial organ development. Although alginate solution is known to have low antiviral activity, the same property regarding alginate gel has not yet been studied. The aim of this work is to investigate the potential protective effect of alginate encapsulation against hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection for a hepatic cell line (HuH-7) normally permissive to the virus. Our results showed that alginate hydrogel protects HuH-7 cells against HCV when the supernatant was loaded with HCV. In addition, alginate hydrogel blocked HCV particle release out of the beads when the HuH-7 cells were previously infected and encapsulated. There was evidence of interaction between the molecules of alginate hydrogel and HCV, which was dose- and incubation time-dependent. The protective efficiency of alginate hydrogel towards HCV infection was confirmed against a variety of viruses, whether or not they were enveloped. This promising interaction between an alginate matrix and viruses, whose chemical mechanisms are discussed, is of great interest for further medical therapeutic applications based on tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhu-Mai Tran
- UMR CNRS 7338 Biomechanics and Bioingineering, University of Technology, Compiègne, France
| | - Murielle Dufresne
- UMR CNRS 7338 Biomechanics and Bioingineering, University of Technology, Compiègne, France
- * E-mail:
| | - François Helle
- EA4294 Department of Fundamental and Clinical Virology, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Thomas Walter Hoffmann
- EA4294 Department of Fundamental and Clinical Virology, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Catherine François
- EA4294 Department of Fundamental and Clinical Virology, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Etienne Brochot
- EA4294 Department of Fundamental and Clinical Virology, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Patrick Paullier
- UMR CNRS 7338 Biomechanics and Bioingineering, University of Technology, Compiègne, France
| | - Cécile Legallais
- UMR CNRS 7338 Biomechanics and Bioingineering, University of Technology, Compiègne, France
| | - Gilles Duverlie
- EA4294 Department of Fundamental and Clinical Virology, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Sandrine Castelain
- EA4294 Department of Fundamental and Clinical Virology, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
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Characterization of a new endo-type polyM-specific alginate lyase from Pseudomonas sp. Biotechnol Lett 2014; 37:409-15. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-014-1685-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Billakanti JM, Catchpole OJ, Fenton TA, Mitchell KA, MacKenzie AD. Enzyme-assisted extraction of fucoxanthin and lipids containing polyunsaturated fatty acids from Undaria pinnatifida using dimethyl ether and ethanol. Process Biochem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2013.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Park YJ, Chu YJ, Shin YH, Lee EY, Kim HS. Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel acetylalginate esterase gene in alg operon from Sphingomonas sp. MJ-3. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 98:2145-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5126-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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29
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In Lee S, Choi SH, Lee EY, Kim HS. Molecular cloning, purification, and characterization of a novel polyMG-specific alginate lyase responsible for alginate MG block degradation in Stenotrophomas maltophilia KJ-2. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 95:1643-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4266-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Revised: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/23/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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