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Cui ED, Strowbridge BW. Selective attenuation of Ether-a-go-go related K + currents by endogenous acetylcholine reduces spike-frequency adaptation and network correlation. eLife 2019; 8:44954. [PMID: 31032798 PMCID: PMC6488300 DOI: 10.7554/elife.44954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Most neurons do not simply convert inputs into firing rates. Instead, moment-to-moment firing rates reflect interactions between synaptic inputs and intrinsic currents. Few studies investigated how intrinsic currents function together to modulate output discharges and which of the currents attenuated by synthetic cholinergic ligands are actually modulated by endogenous acetylcholine (ACh). In this study we optogenetically stimulated cholinergic fibers in rat neocortex and find that ACh enhances excitability by reducing Ether-à-go-go Related Gene (ERG) K+ current. We find ERG mediates the late phase of spike-frequency adaptation in pyramidal cells and is recruited later than both SK and M currents. Attenuation of ERG during coincident depolarization and ACh release leads to reduced late phase spike-frequency adaptation and persistent firing. In neuronal ensembles, attenuating ERG enhanced signal-to-noise ratios and reduced signal correlation, suggesting that these two hallmarks of cholinergic function in vivo may result from modulation of intrinsic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward D Cui
- Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, United States
| | - Ben W Strowbridge
- Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, United States
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Wang L, Wang Y, Fu WL, Cao LH. Modulation of neuronal dynamic range using two different adaptation mechanisms. Neural Regen Res 2017; 12:447-451. [PMID: 28469660 PMCID: PMC5399723 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.202931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The capability of neurons to discriminate between intensity of external stimulus is measured by its dynamic range. A larger dynamic range indicates a greater probability of neuronal survival. In this study, the potential roles of adaptation mechanisms (ion currents) in modulating neuronal dynamic range were numerically investigated. Based on the adaptive exponential integrate-and-fire model, which includes two different adaptation mechanisms, i.e. subthreshold and suprathreshold (spike-triggered) adaptation, our results reveal that the two adaptation mechanisms exhibit rather different roles in regulating neuronal dynamic range. Specifically, subthreshold adaptation acts as a negative factor that observably decreases the neuronal dynamic range, while suprathreshold adaptation has little influence on the neuronal dynamic range. Moreover, when stochastic noise was introduced into the adaptation mechanisms, the dynamic range was apparently enhanced, regardless of what state the neuron was in, e.g. adaptive or non-adaptive. Our model results suggested that the neuronal dynamic range can be differentially modulated by different adaptation mechanisms. Additionally, noise was a non-ignorable factor, which could effectively modulate the neuronal dynamic range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Neuroscience and Intelligent Media Institute, Communication University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Neuroscience and Intelligent Media Institute, Communication University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Long Fu
- Neuroscience and Intelligent Media Institute, Communication University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Hong Cao
- Neuroscience and Intelligent Media Institute, Communication University of China, Beijing, China
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Yang Y, Solis-Escalante T, Yao J, van der Helm FCT, Dewald JPA, Schouten AC. Nonlinear Connectivity in the Human Stretch Reflex Assessed by Cross-Frequency Phase Coupling. Int J Neural Syst 2016; 26:1650043. [DOI: 10.1142/s012906571650043x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Communication between neuronal populations is facilitated by synchronization of their oscillatory activity. Although nonlinearity has been observed in the sensorimotor system, its nonlinear connectivity has not been widely investigated yet. This study investigates nonlinear connectivity during the human stretch reflex based on neuronal synchronization. Healthy participants generated isotonic wrist flexion while receiving a periodic mechanical perturbation to the wrist. Using a novel cross-frequency phase coupling metric, we estimate directional nonlinear connectivity, including time delay, from the perturbation to brain and to muscle, as well as from brain to muscle. Nonlinear phase coupling is significantly stronger from the perturbation to the muscle than to the brain, with a shorter time delay. The time delay from the perturbation to the muscle is 33 ms, similar to the reported latency of the spinal stretch reflex at the wrist. Source localization of nonlinear phase coupling from the brain to the muscle suggests activity originating from the motor cortex, although its effect on the stretch reflex is weak. As such nonlinear phase coupling between the perturbation and muscle activity is dominated by the spinal reflex loop. This study provides new evidence of nonlinear neuronal synchronization in the stretch reflex at the wrist joint with respect to spinal and transcortical loops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yang
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2628 CD, The Netherlands
| | - Teodoro Solis-Escalante
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2628 CD, The Netherlands
| | - Jun Yao
- Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Frans C. T. van der Helm
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2628 CD, The Netherlands
- Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Julius P. A. Dewald
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2628 CD, The Netherlands
- Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Alfred C. Schouten
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2628 CD, The Netherlands
- Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands
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Montani F, Oliynyk A, Fadiga L. Superlinear Summation of Information in Premotor Neuron Pairs. Int J Neural Syst 2015; 27:1650009. [PMID: 26906455 DOI: 10.1142/s012906571650009x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Whether premotor/motor neurons encode information in terms of spiking frequency or by their relative time of firing, which may display synchronization, is still undetermined. To address this issue, we used an information theory approach to analyze neuronal responses recorded in the premotor (area F5) and primary motor (area F1) cortices of macaque monkeys under four different conditions of visual feedback during hand grasping. To evaluate the sensitivity of spike timing correlation between single neurons, we investigated the stimulus dependent synchronization in our population of pairs. We first investigated the degree of correlation of trial-to-trial fluctuations in response strength between neighboring neurons for each condition, and second estimated the stimulus dependent synchronization by means of an information theoretical approach. We compared the information conveyed by pairs of simultaneously recorded neurons with the sum of information provided by the respective individual cells. The information transmission across pairs of cells in the primary motor cortex seems largely independent, whereas information transmission across pairs of premotor neurons is summed superlinearly. The brain could take advantage of both the accuracy provided by the independency of F1 and the synergy allowed by the superlinear information population coding in F5, distinguishing thus the generalizing role of F5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Montani
- 1 Iflysib, Conicet & Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 59-789 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Andriy Oliynyk
- 2 Section of Human Physiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Advanced Therapies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17/19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luciano Fadiga
- 3 IIT@UNIFE Center for Translational Neurophysiology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Ferrara, Italy.,4 Section of Human Physiology, University of Ferrara, Italy
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