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Lin TB, Hsieh CC, Wang CH, Chang CH, Hsueh YL, Tseng YT, Hsieh MF. Comparing Cancer Risks and Mortality between Phytopharmaceuticals and Estrogen-Progestogen Medications for Menopausal Women: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1220. [PMID: 38921335 PMCID: PMC11202969 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12121220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the long-term risks of overall cancer and all-cause mortality associated with five types of phytopharmaceuticals and the most commonly used estrogen-progestogen medications for the treatment of postmenopausal syndrome in women. Using data from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2018, we conducted a 1:2 matched cohort study with 12,087 eligible patients. We compared phytopharmaceuticals -only users (n = 4029, phytopharmaceuticals group) with HRT-only users (n = 8058, HRT group) with a washout period of ≥6 months. The phytopharmaceuticals group had significantly lower risks of overall cancer and all-cause mortality than the HRT group (adjusted hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]: 0.60 [0.40-0.9] and 0.40 [0.16-0.99], respectively) after over 180 days of use. Bupleurum and Peony Formula were associated with lower risks of overall cancer and all-cause mortality (aHR: 0.57 [0.36-0.92] and 0.33 [0.11-1.05], respectively). In conclusion, phytopharmaceuticals may serve as an alternative therapy to HRT for alleviating menopausal symptoms and reducing health risks, leading to more favorable long-term health outcomes. Further randomized control trials are necessary to validate the findings of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsai-Bei Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bao Hua Tang Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinic, Tainan 701033, Taiwan;
| | - Chia-Chi Hsieh
- Departments of Nursing, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 505029, Taiwan
- Departments of Nursing, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua City 500009, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsiang Wang
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Tainan Municipal Hospital (Managed By Show Chwan Medical Care Corporation), Tainan 701033, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Hung Chang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tainan Municipal Hospital (Managed By Show Chwan Medical Care Corporation), Tainan 701033, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ling Hsueh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tainan Municipal Hospital (Managed By Show Chwan Medical Care Corporation), Tainan 701033, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Tsung Tseng
- Department of Medical Research, Tainan Municipal Hospital (Managed By Show Chwan Medical Care Corporation), Tainan 701033, Taiwan;
| | - Men-Fong Hsieh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tainan Municipal Hospital (Managed By Show Chwan Medical Care Corporation), Tainan 701033, Taiwan
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2
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Li Z, Xiong H, Li N, Zhao L, Liu Z, Yu Y, Zhao C. Integrated UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and network pharmacology approach-driven quality marker discovery of Danggui Shaoyao San for primary dysmenorrhea. Biomed Chromatogr 2023; 37:e5608. [PMID: 36805594 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Danggui Shaoyao San (DSS), a famous prescription, has been clinically proved to be effective in treating primary dysmenorrhea (PD). Currently there is no valid quality control data available for DSS. The main aim of the current research was to explore quality markers (Q-markers) of DSS. The chemical constituents of DSS were qualitatively identified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) technology. On this basis, the targets of DSS and PD were predicted and screened using the TCMSP, SwissTargetPrediction, GeneCards, OMIM and TTD databases. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis was performed on the core intersection targets using string and Cytoscape 3.7.1 software. Then molecular docking was conducted to screen the Q-markers of DSS in PD. A total of 126 chemical constituents, including 22 organic acids, 14 phthalides, 24 monoterpenoids, five sesquiterpene lactones, 22 triterpenoids, four phenylpropanoids and 35 other compounds were preliminarily characterized. According to network pharmacology prediction analysis, six compounds containing polyporenic acid C, senkyunolide P, alisol B 23-acetate, naringenin, gallic acid, ferulic acid and albiflorin were regarded as Q-markers of DSS. The present research established an integrative UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and network pharmacology method to discover the latent Q-markers of DSS and provided a theoretical data for the follow-up quality control of DSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Li
- Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Study and Exploitation of Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Hui Xiong
- Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Study and Exploitation of Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Na Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Nerve Injury and Repair, Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei, China.,Institute of Basic Medicine, Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Lanqingqing Zhao
- Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Study and Exploitation of Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Zi Liu
- Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Study and Exploitation of Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Yongzhou Yu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Nerve Injury and Repair, Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei, China.,Institute of Basic Medicine, Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei, China
| | - Chunying Zhao
- Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Study and Exploitation of Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei, China
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3
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Xu T, Zhang H, Wang S, Xiang Z, Kong H, Xue Q, He M, Yu X, Li Y, Sun D, Gao P, Cong Z. A review on the advances in the extraction methods and structure elucidation of Poria cocos polysaccharide and its pharmacological activities and drug carrier applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 217:536-551. [PMID: 35843404 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Poria cocos polysaccharide (PCP) is one of the main active components of Poria cocos that is extensively used in the world. PCP can be divided into intro-polysaccharides and exopolysaccharides. PCP is mainly composed of glucose, galactose and mannose. There are many methods to exact PCP, and methods can affect its yield. PCP and its derivatives exhibit diverse biological functions such as antitumour, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immune-regulatory, hepatoprotective, etc. There is the potential application of PCP as drug carriers. The review provides a comprehensive summary of the latest extraction and purification methods of PCP, its chemistry, synthesis of PCP derivates, their pharmacological activities and their applications as drug carriers. This review provides comprehensive information on PCP, which can be used as the basis for further research on PCP and its derivates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianren Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Hongmeng Zhang
- Laboratory management office, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Shengguang Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Zedong Xiang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Hongwei Kong
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Qing Xue
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Mengyuan He
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Xiaojun Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Yanan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Dongjie Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Peng Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Zhufeng Cong
- Shandong First Medical University Affiliated Shandong Tumor Hospital and Institute: Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan 250117, China.
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4
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Shen HS, Chang WC, Chen YL, Wu DL, Wen SH, Wu HC. Chinese Herbal Medicines Have Potentially Beneficial Effects on the Perinatal Outcomes of Pregnant Women. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:831690. [PMID: 35734397 PMCID: PMC9207412 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.831690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Tocolytic treatment is beneficial to pregnant women with a risk of premature labor or miscarriage. However, previous reports have shown that progestogen might not be effective and ritodrine may increase the risk of maternal vascular-related diseases. Chinese herbal products (CHP) are used as alternative therapies for pregnant women. The goal was to evaluate the efficacy of combined tocolytic therapy and CHP therapy in pregnancy outcomes for pregnant women in Taiwan.Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study based on the National Health Insurance Research Database. A total of 47,153 pregnant women treated with tocolytics aged 18–50 years from 2001 to 2015 were selected from two million random samples. According to the medical use of tocolytics and CHP, we divided the users into two groups: western medicine (WM) only (n = 40,961) and WM/CHP (n = 6,192) groups. A propensity score (PS)-matched cohort (6,192 pairs) was established based on baseline confounders. All participants were followed up to perinatal outcomes. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to examine the effects of CHP use on the odds of miscarriage and preterm birth.Results: The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for premature birth in the WM/CHP group (n = 411, 6.64%) was significantly lower than in the WM group (n = 471, 7,61%) (0,86, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.74–0.99). Further subgroup analysis based on the usage of formulae that activate blood and remove stasis or purgative formulae, the adjusted OR of preterm birth of those using these formulae was significantly lower in the WM/CHP group (n = 215, 6.32%) than that in the WM group (n = 265, 7.77%) (OR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.65–0.96).Conclusion: We found that the combination of CHP and tocolytics can be beneficial to pregnant women in the prevention of premature birth. Further research is required to investigate causal relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan-Shu Shen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- School of Post-baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Sports Medicine Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chuan Chang
- Department of Medical Research, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Lin Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Dai-Lun Wu
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hui Wen
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Chang Wu
- School of Post-baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Hsien-Chang Wu,
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Wu Y, Li D, Wang H, Wan X. Protective Effect of Poria Cocos Polysaccharides on Fecal Peritonitis-Induced Sepsis in Mice Through Inhibition of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Apoptosis, and Reduction of Treg Cells. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:887949. [PMID: 35694296 PMCID: PMC9184799 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.887949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the potential pharmacological effects of Poria cocos polysaccharides (PCPs) on fecal-induced peritonitis (FIP) mice. Consequently, the fecal peritonitis (FP)-induced septic mice with the higher levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-1β, malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), histopathological lesion and bacterial burden, and lower levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH). Interestingly, PCP pre-treatment reduced inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress in plasma and spleen and improved the resistance to FIP. Inflammatory infiltration and cell death in thymus or splenic tissue were alleviated with PCP pretreatment. Furthermore, Treg cells were moderated in the spleen with PCP pre-administration. In addition, PCP pretreatment downregulated Annexin-V in the thymus of FP-induced septic mice, and apoptosis of splenic cells was dose-dependent. In conclusion, PCPs have pharmacological and biological effects on FP-induced septic mice, and its molecular mechanism is related to antioxidative, anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, and the reduction of Treg activity in splenic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Dai Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojian Wan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaojian Wan
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6
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Bi Y, Han X, Lai Y, Fu Y, Li K, Zhang W, Wang Q, Jiang X, Zhou Y, Liang H, Fan H. Systems pharmacological study based on UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS, network pharmacology and experimental validation to explore the potential mechanisms of Danggui-Shaoyao-San against atherosclerosis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 278:114278. [PMID: 34087397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Atherosclerosis (AS) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Danggui-Shaoyao-San (DSS) is not only a representative Chinese formula to treat gynecological disorder, but also found its use in AS-related diseases. However, the active ingredients and the anti-AS effects are vague yet. AIM OF THE STUDY An integrated strategy combined ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole-Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS), network pharmacology and experiments was carried out to investigate the potential materials and pharmacological mechanisms of DSS for AS. MATERIALS AND METHODS First, UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS was applied to identify the active compositions of DSS. Then, the putative targets of DSS relevant to AS were predicted from TCMSP and BATMAN, which were further determined through bioinformatic analyses, including protein-protein interactions (PPI), Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Finally, Western blot, qPCR and ELISA were carried out for target validation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). RESULTS A total of 37 active ingredients of DSS, connecting 47 key targets were identified. The functional enrichment showed that DSS may treat AS through regulating a series of signaling pathways which involving inflammatory responses, immune systems and metabolism. The in vitro experiment revealed that DSS ameliorated AS mainly through anti-inflammatory effects, by reducing the levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1), IL-6, TNF-α, cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) and IL-1β. DSS also inhibited the phosphorylation of IκB-α, NF-κB (p65), p38 and JNK in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced HUVEC injury model. Moreover, as the main bioactive compounds of DSS, paeoniflorin (PF), ferulic acid (FA) and pachymic acid (PA) inhibited IL-6 and TNF-α secretion as well as IκB-α, NF-κB (p65), p38 and JNK activation. All these findings were consistent with the predicted targets and pathways. CONCLUSION Collectively, the basic pharmacological effects and relevant mechanisms of DSS in the treatment of AS were revealed. The results suggest that DSS is a potential drug for AS treatment, and PF, FA, PA may be the core compositions contributing to the pharmacological function of this formula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Bi
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xin Han
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yigui Lai
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, People's Hospital of Yangjiang, Yangjiang, 529500, China
| | - Yingchang Fu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, People's Hospital of Yangjiang, Yangjiang, 529500, China
| | - Kongzheng Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, People's Hospital of Yangjiang, Yangjiang, 529500, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, People's Hospital of Yangjiang, Yangjiang, 529500, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, People's Hospital of Yangjiang, Yangjiang, 529500, China
| | - Xuefeng Jiang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, People's Hospital of Yangjiang, Yangjiang, 529500, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yingchun Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Hongfeng Liang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, People's Hospital of Yangjiang, Yangjiang, 529500, China.
| | - Huijie Fan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, People's Hospital of Yangjiang, Yangjiang, 529500, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for TCM Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, 110032, China.
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7
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Chao J, Ko CY, Lin CY, Tomoji M, Huang CH, Chiang HC, Yang JJ, Huang SS, Su SY. Ethnobotanical Survey of Natural Galactagogues Prescribed in Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmacies in Taiwan. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:625869. [PMID: 33679390 PMCID: PMC7928277 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.625869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural medicinal materials have been used to promote breast milk secretion. Here, we investigated the natural medicinal materials prescribed in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) pharmacies across Taiwan to induce lactation. We collected medicinal materials from 87 TCM pharmacies, identified them in the prescriptions, and analyzed their drug contents. We examined their botanical origins, biological classifications, traditional usage, and modern pharmacological properties. We used the TCM Inheritance Support System to identify core medicinal materials in galactogenous prescriptions. We collected 81 medicinal materials from 90 galactogenous prescriptions. Leguminosae accounted for 12%, whereas Apiaceae accounted for 7% of all materials examined. The primary medicinal plant parts used were roots and seeds. Nineteen frequently used medicinal materials had a relative frequency of citation of greater than or equal to 0.2. According to their efficacy, 58% were warm, 54% were sweet, and 63% were tonifying; 74% of the frequently used medicinal materials have been showed efficacy against breast cancer. The primary core medicinal material was Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels, whereas the secondary core medicinal materials were Tetrapanax papyrifer (Hook.) K. Koch and Hedysarum polybotrys Hand.-Mazz. Most galactogenous prescriptions consisted of multiple materials from Leguminosae and Apiaceae. The mechanisms underlying galactogenous efficacy warrant further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Chao
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Ko
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Yu Lin
- Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Tsuzuki Institute for Traditional Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Maeda Tomoji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Saitama, Japan.,Tsuzuki Institute for Traditional Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Hung-Che Chiang
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Jer Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Shyun Huang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shan-Yu Su
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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8
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Nie A, Chao Y, Zhang X, Jia W, Zhou Z, Zhu C. Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities of Wolfiporia cocos (F.A. Wolf) Ryvarden & Gilb. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:505249. [PMID: 33071776 PMCID: PMC7533546 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.505249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Poria cocos is the dried sclerotium of Wolfiporia cocos (F.A. Wolf) Ryvarden & Gilb., which was the current accepted name and was formerly known as Macrohyporia cocos (Schwein.) I. Johans. & Ryvarden, Pachyma cocos (Schwein.) Fr., Poria cocos F.A. Wolf and Sclerotium cocos Schwein. It is one of the most important crude drugs in traditional Chinese medicine, with a wide range of applications in ameliorating phlegm and edema, relieving nephrosis and chronic gastritis and improving uneasiness of minds. Its extensive pharmacological effects have attracted considerable attention in recent years. However, there is no systematic review focusing on the chemical compounds and pharmacological activities of Poria cocos. Therefore, this review aimed to provide the latest information on the chemical compounds and pharmacological effects of Poria cocos, exploring the therapeutic potential of these compounds. We obtained the information of Poria cocos from electronic databases such as SCI finder, PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang DATA and Google Scholar. Up to now, two main active ingredients, triterpenes and polysaccharides of Poria cocos, have been identified from Poria cocos. It has been reported that they have pharmacological effects on anti-tumor, anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulation, and liver and kidney protection. The review summarizes the phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of Poria cocos, which suggest that researchers should focus on the development of new drugs about Poria cocos to make them exert greater therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anzheng Nie
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanhui Chao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaochuan Zhang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenrui Jia
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chunsheng Zhu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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9
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Chen WD, Huang HS, Su YC, Chou SC, Ho WC, Kao MC, Lin HJ, Huang ST. The characteristics and prescription patterns of Chinese herbal medicine in clinical practice for the treatment of anemia. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2018; 57:570-577. [PMID: 30122581 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2018.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is frequently applied to patients to improve the symptoms and signs associated with anemia. The aim of this study is to use the claims data from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) in Taiwan to analyze CHM prescription patterns and to identify the frequency and combinations of CHM commonly used to treat anemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 41,028 patients were diagnosed with anemia in Taiwan within the defined study period. After randomly equal matching for age and sex, data from 7682 patients characterized as CHM users and non-users were analyzed. Network analyses of the 30 most frequently applied herbs and formulas were used to indicate CHM combinations in patients with anemia. RESULTS Those patients with anemia who were older, office workers, and lived in central areas of Taiwan had higher tendencies toward CHM usage. Based on considerations of comorbidities, anemia patients associated with chronic kidney diseases, diabetes mellitus, and hypertensive diseases preferred Western medical management and demonstrated a lesser likelihood of combining treatment with CHM; by contrast, those with coronary artery disease demonstrated a higher tendency for CHM use. Notably, Astragalus membranaceus (AM) and Gui-Pi-Tang (GPT) were the most commonly prescribed CHM single herb and formula, respectively. The core prescription pattern consisted of AM, Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM), Angelica sinensis (AS), GPT, and Si-Wu-Tang (SWT), as indicated by the associations and frequency of CHM utilization by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) physicians. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that CHM may be applied as an integral element of treatment for patients with anemia. It also provides insight regarding individual therapy and common clinical practices of TCM physicians in the treatment of anemia. Further research is required to explore potential interactions and possible mechanisms at play with CHM management of anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Di Chen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Sen Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, No.91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan; Cancer Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chih Su
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, No.91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan; Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Chieh Chou
- Department of Pharmacy School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chao Ho
- Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ching Kao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Jen Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, No.91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, No.91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan; Cancer Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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10
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Jia X, Ma L, Li P, Chen M, He C. Prospects of Poria cocos polysaccharides: Isolation process, structural features and bioactivities. Trends Food Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2016.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Hung YC, Kao CW, Lin CC, Liao YN, Wu BY, Hung IL, Hu WL. Chinese Herbal Products for Female Infertility in Taiwan: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e3075. [PMID: 26986137 PMCID: PMC4839918 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000003075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Female infertility and low birth rate are significant public health issues with profound social, psychological, and economic consequences. Some infertile women resort to conventional, complementary, or alternative therapies to conceive. The aim of this study was to identify the Chinese herbal products (CHPs) most commonly used for female infertility in Taiwan. The usage of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and the frequency of CHP prescriptions to infertile women were determined based on a nationwide 1-million randomly sampled cohort of National Health Insurance Research Database beneficiaries. Descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression analysis were employed to estimate the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for TCM usage and potential risk factors. In total, 8766 women with newly diagnosed infertility were included in this study. Of those, 8430 (96.17%) had sought TCM treatment in addition to visiting the gynecologist. We noted that female infertility patients with risk factors (e.g., endometriosis, uterine fibroids, or irregular menstrual cycle) were more likely to use TCM than those without TCM medication (aOR = 1.83, 1.87, and 1.79, respectively). The most commonly used formula and single CHP were Dang-Gui-Sha-Yao-San (17.25%) and Semen Cuscutae (27.40%), respectively. CHP formula combinations (e.g., Dang-Gui-Sha-Yao-San plus Wen-Jing-Tang 3.10%) or single Chinese herbal combinations (e.g., Semen Cuscutae plus Leonurus japonicus 6.31%) were also commonly used to treat female infertility. Further well-conducted, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled studies will be needed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of these CHP combinations for female infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chiang Hung
- From the Department of Chinese Medicine (Y-CH, C-WK, Y-NL, B-YW, I-LH, W-LH), Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine; School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate (Y-CH), I-Shou University, Kaohsiung; Management Office for Health Data (C-CL), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung; Fooyin University College of Nursing (W-LH); and Kaohsiung Medical University College of Medicine (W-LH), Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Du GH, Yuan TY, Du LD, Zhang YX. The Potential of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Treatment and Modulation of Pain. PHARMACOLOGICAL MECHANISMS AND THE MODULATION OF PAIN 2016; 75:325-61. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Wang Y, Li G, Zhou Y, Yin D, Tao C, Han L, Yue X, Pan Y, Yao Y, Peng D, Xu F. The difference between blood-associated and water-associated herbs of Danggui-Shaoyao San in theory of TCM, based on serum pharmacochemistry. Biomed Chromatogr 2015; 30:579-87. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2014] [Revised: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunlai Wang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
| | - Guoqiang Li
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
| | - Dengke Yin
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
| | - Chunlei Tao
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
| | - Lan Han
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
| | - Xiaoli Yue
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
| | - Yongfu Pan
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
| | - Yao Yao
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
| | - Daiyin Peng
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
| | - Fan Xu
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine; Meishan Road 103 Hefei 230038 China
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Green tea catechins alone or in combination alter functional parameters of human neutrophils via suppressing the activation of TLR-4/NFκB p65 signal pathway. Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 29:1766-78. [PMID: 26187476 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of a mixture containing the four main catechins found in green tea, as well it separately, as modulators of the functional parameters of human neutrophils. The cells were obtained from peripheral blood of healthy individuals isolated and cultured with a mix: 30 μM of EGCG, 3 μM of EGC, 2 μM of ECG and 1.4 μM of EC, as well as each one alone. We evaluated the cytotoxicity of catechins, production of several reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GPx and GR), Nrf2, TLR4/IKK/NFκB, CD11b mRNA levels, intracellular calcium release, chemotactic and phagocytic capacity, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and G6PDH activities, hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and pro-inflammatory cytokines release, protein levels of TLR4, p38 MAPK, iNOS and p-65 NFκB. The actions of the catechins were evidenced by the reduction in inflammatory parameters, including the suppression of TLR4, NFκB and iNOS protein expression, decreased release of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, migration capacity, MPO activity and HOCl production and the suppression of ROS, nitric oxide and peroxynitrite production, while inducing antioxidant enzyme activities and Nrf2 mRNA levels, phagocytic capacity and calcium release. Our results demonstrate that catechins present marked immunomodulatory actions, either alone or in combination.
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Sumino M, Saito Y, Ikegami F, Namiki T. A Simultaneous Determination of Principal Compounds in Tokishakuyakusan by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode Array Detector. J Chromatogr Sci 2014; 53:320-4. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmu062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Pang CY, Chiu SC, Harn HJ, Zhai WJ, Lin SZ, Yang HH. Proteomic-based identification of multiple pathways underlying n-butylidenephthalide-induced apoptosis in LNCaP human prostate cancer cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 59:281-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Revised: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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17
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Optimization of selenylation conditions for Chinese angelica polysaccharide based on immune-enhancing activity. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 92:645-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.08.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Revised: 08/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Cho WCS. Application of Proteomics in Chinese Medicine Research. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2012; 35:911-22. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x07005375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Proteomics technologies can be applied to simultaneously study the function, organization, diversity, and dynamic variety of a cell or a whole tissue. The integrative approach of proteomics is in line with the holistic concept and practices of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In this review, the technologies of proteomics, their adoption leverages the depth and breadth of TCM research are introduced. This article presents some examples to illustrate the use of proteomics technologies in the study of pharmacological effects and their action mechanisms relevant to TCM. Proteomics technologies could be used to screen the target molecules of the TCM actions, identify new bioactive components, and elucidate the underlying mechanisms of their effects. With proteomics approaches, it was found that the Siwu decoction could regulate the protein expression of the bone marrow of blood (Xue) deficient mice, including some proteins and enzymes involved in the hemopoiesis system. Ganoderma lucidum spores might promote the survival and axon regeneration of injured spinal motor neurons in rats by regulating the expression levels of proteins involved in the energy and tissue regeneration system. Polygonatum zanlanscianense Pamp exhibited cytotoxicity towards human myeloblast leukemia HL-60 cells through multiple apoptosis-including pathways. Panax ginseng might be beneficial to patients suffering from diabetes mellitus and its complications by alleviating inflammation. Taken together with a discussion on the challenges and perspectives, this paper provides an overview of the recent developments of proteomics technologies in TCM research, and contends that proteomics will play an important role in the modernization and internationalization of TCM.
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Li SS. Commentary — The Proteomics: A New Tool for Chinese Medicine Research. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2012; 35:923-8. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x07005387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Proteomics technology is based on the vast analytical power for protein/peptide identification and quantification offered by modern mass spectrometry coupled with hyphenated separation techniques such as two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) and micro- or nano-scale multidimensional liquid chromatography. The rapid growth of proteomics field provides an array of new tools for the integration of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with modern technology and systems biology, and is potentially advancing the progress of modernization and internationalization of TCM. Cho, in this issue of the American Journal of Chinese Medicine, highlights the recent application of 2DE-based and bottom-up proteomics in Chinese medicine research, including the exploration of pharmacological mechanisms of the actions of TCM, the facilitation of herb authentication and identification, and the profiling of protein expression following acupuncture treatment in animal models. Recent development in proteomics has provided further refinement on the analysis of proteins posttranslational modifications as well as quantitative comparison of different proteomes, and enabled the study of proteomes of specific diseases or biological processes under clinically relevant conditions. It is conceivable that the application of technologies developed in proteomics, genomics and metabonomics in the clinical practice and basic research of Chinese medicine will eventually lead to the reconciliation and integration of TCM and contemporary medicine. Chinese medicine is fundamentally a highly personalized medicine; perhaps it is time to embrace the arrival of TCM OMICS era in Chinese medicine research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Sheng Li
- The Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Xu F, Peng D, Tao C, Yin D, Kou J, Zhu D, Yu B. Anti-depression effects of Danggui-Shaoyao-San, a fixed combination of Traditional Chinese Medicine, on depression model in mice and rats. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 18:1130-1136. [PMID: 21664113 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2011.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2010] [Revised: 01/03/2011] [Accepted: 05/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Anti-depression effects of Danggui-Shaoyao-San (DSS, 1.8-7.2g/kg, orally), a famous Chinese compound prescription with a fixed combination, on forced swimming test (FST) and chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model were investigated. DSS (7.2g/kg, orally, 7 days) shortened immobility time in FST model and DSS (3.6 or 7.2g/kg, orally, 21 days) increased the open-field activities and the percentage of sugar preference in CUMS model. DSS (7.2g/kg, orally, 21 days) also decreased the content of arginine vasopressin (AVP) in the pituitary and the expression of AVP mRNA in hypothalamus compared with the stress control group. These results demonstrated for the first time DSS has anti-depression effect and it may be influencing the central AVP system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Xu
- Department of Chinese Compound Prescription, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210038, PR China
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Goto H, Satoh N, Hayashi Y, Hikiami H, Nagata Y, Obi R, Shimada Y. A chinese herbal medicine, tokishakuyakusan, reduces the worsening of impairments and independence after stroke: a 1-year randomized, controlled trial. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 2011:194046. [PMID: 19332457 PMCID: PMC3095247 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nep026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2008] [Accepted: 03/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In post-stroke patients, the recurrence of stroke and progression of impairments lead to a bedridden state and dementia. As for their treatments, only anti-hypertension and anti-coagulation therapies to prevent the recurrence of stroke are available. In Asia, post-stroke patients with impairments are often treated with herbal medicine. The present study evaluated the effectiveness of tokishakuyakusan (TS) in improving the impairment and independence in post-stroke patients. Thirty-one post-stroke patients (mean age = 81.4 years) were recruited and enrolled. Participants were randomly assigned to the TS group (n = 16) or non-treatment (control) group (n = 15) and treated for 12 months. Impairments were assessed using the Stroke Impairment Assessment Set (SIAS). Independence was evaluated using the functional independence measure (FIM). For each outcome measure, mean change was calculated every 3 months. The results were that impairments according to SIAS did not significantly change in the TS group. In contrast, SIAS significantly worsened in the control group. There was a significant difference between the two groups. In each term of SIAS, affected lower extremity scores, abdominal muscle strength, function of visuospatial perception, and so forth. in the TS group were better than those in the control group. Independence according to FIM did not change significantly in the TS group. In contrast, FIM significantly worsened in the control group. There was also a significant difference between the two groups. In conclusion, TS was considered to suppress the impairments of lower limbs and to exert a favorable effect on cerebral function for post-stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirozo Goto
- Department of Japanese Oriental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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Refaai MA, Frenkel E, Sarode R. Platelet aggregation responses vary over a period of time in healthy controls. Platelets 2011; 21:460-3. [PMID: 20536288 DOI: 10.3109/09537104.2010.485256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Platelet aggregation study is performed to investigate platelet function abnormality. A normal healthy control sample is usually run with the patient sample as a quality control measure. At our institution, we observed variations in platelet aggregation responses in our normal repeat controls. Therefore, we analysed aggregation parameters in these controls. Whole blood aggregation studies were performed with adenosine diphosphate (ADP), arachidonic acid (AA), collagen and ristocetin. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) secretion was also measured simultaneously by leuciferin-leuciferase reaction. During a 5-year period, a total of 86 studies were performed on seven controls. Aggregations were within the acceptable range in 67% of the time. Collagen was the most affected agonist in our study. On five occasions, four controls had subnormal aggregations with two agonists. All abnormal responses were hypoaggregation except for two who had hyperaggregation with collagen and AA. Only one out of seven controls was always normal. In the presence of a subnormal control result, a new control was run before releasing the patient's platelet aggregation results. These findings suggest that many physiological factors, other than medications, may affect platelet function even in normal individuals. Therefore, a repeat study at a later date to demonstrate a reproducible abnormality would be prudent before labeling a patient's platelets abnormal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majed A Refaai
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
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Shimada K, Kawase M, Shibahara N, Nakamura Y, Saito T, Takahashi K. The relation between clinical effects of Tokishakuyakusan and the identity of Paeonia lactiflora materials. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2010; 132:438-442. [PMID: 20713145 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2010] [Revised: 08/06/2010] [Accepted: 08/07/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the relation between the clinical effects and the quality of crude drugs, we focused on Tokishakuyakusan (TS), consisted of 6 crude drugs. MATERIALS AND METHODS We prepared two kinds of TS containing either medicinal cultivar of Paeonia lactiflora (MTS) or ornamental one (OTS). Other components were the same. First, we assessed the clinical effects of two TS formulations by cross-over study among the anemia patients. Second, we investigated the chemical differences between them by using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and Mössbauer analysis. RESULTS The clinical effects of these formulations (3 g/day for 8 weeks) were tested in the cross-over study consisted of 12 women patients who were diagnosed as having anemia (Hb ≤ 11 g/dl) and consented to participate to this study. Both TS formulations were effective for anemia symptoms as shown by the improvement of several hematological parameters, whereas their comprehensive effects were distinguishable by Genetic Algorithm Partial Least Squares (GA-PLS) analysis. There were no significant differences in organic ingredients and Fe content measured by ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and ICP-MS, respectively. Interestingly, Mössbauer spectra of Fe ion were remarkably different between two formulations. Fe ion in MTS was only one form, but that in OTS was at least two forms. CONCLUSIONS This study suggested that clinical effects of TS formulation reflect the quality of Paeoniae Radix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayoko Shimada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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Liu X, Li SL, Zhou Y, Song JZ, Zheng YF, Peng GP, Xu HX. Characterization of protostane triterpenoids in Alisma orientalis by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2010; 24:1514-1522. [PMID: 20486247 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A reliable and sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS) method has been optimized and established for analysis of protostane triterpenoids in a commonly used traditional Chinese herbal medicine Alisma orientalis (Sam.) Juzep. The separation of crude extract of A. orientalis was achieved on a Waters ACQUITY HSS T3 column (100 mm x 2.1 mm, 1.8 microm) eluting with 0.1% (v/v) formic acid/acetonitrile. A total of 20 protostane triterpenoids including 19 known compounds and a new one were well separated within 7 min. The collision-induced dissociation (CID) tandem mass spectrometric (MS/MS) fragmentation patterns of protostane triterpenoids was firstly reported in this study. The hydrogen rearrangement at the C-23-OH leads to dissociation of the bond between C-23 and C-24 in the protostane triterpenoid skeleton during the CID process. This dissociation was the characteristic CID fragmentation pathway of this class of triterpenoids, and was useful for further differentiation of some positional isomers which contain an acetyl unit on the C-23 or C-24 position. The identities of isolated compounds were identified by comparing their retention times and CID fragmentation behaviors with those of reference standards or tentatively assigned by matching the empirical molecular formulae with those reported in the literature. It is concluded that this newly established UPLC/Q-TOF-MS method is a powerful approach for structural elucidation of protostane triterpenoids isolated from A. orientalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Chinese Medicine Laboratory, Hong Kong Jockey Club Institute of Chinese Medicine, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, PR China
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Esteban CI. [Medicinal interest of Poria cocos (= Wolfiporia extensa)]. Rev Iberoam Micol 2009; 26:103-7. [PMID: 19631158 DOI: 10.1016/s1130-1406(09)70019-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2008] [Accepted: 11/19/2008] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The sclerotium of Poria cocos has been used in the Chinese pharmacopoeia during thousands of years. In this note several aspects about the biology and nomenclature of this fungus are summarized, with emphasis on its composition and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Illana Esteban
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España.
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Kan WLT, Cho CH, Rudd JA, Lin G. Study of the anti-proliferative effects and synergy of phthalides from Angelica sinensis on colon cancer cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2008; 120:36-43. [PMID: 18718517 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2007] [Revised: 07/18/2008] [Accepted: 07/22/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Angelica sinensis is a Chinese medicinal herb for treating gynecological and gastrointestinal disorders, and also in conjunction with cancer chemotherapy. AIM OF THE STUDY In the present study, the cytotoxic and anti-proliferative effects of three main Angelica sinensis phthalides, namely n-butylidenephthalide (BLP), senkyunolide A (SKA) and z-ligustilide (LGT), and their synergy on colon cancer HT-29 cells were investigated. Moreover, the results obtained in both human colon cancer HT-29 and normal colon CCD-18Co cells were compared for the investigation of selectivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS MTT and [3H] thymidine incorporation assays were used for the evaluation of cytotoxic and anti-proliferative effects, respectively. Interactions among phthalides were determined by median-effect analysis. RESULTS All three phthalides dose-dependently decreased cell viability more potently in HT-29 than in CCD-18Co cells. The IC50 values for inhibition of cell proliferation for SKA, LGT and BLP were 54.17+/-5.10, 60.63+/-6.79 and 236.90+/-18.22microM, respectively, in HT-29 cells. Angelica sinensis extract demonstrated significant synergy in inhibiting cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS The three phthalides might have anti-cancer potential, yet the phthalides, in combination with other ingredients in Angelica sinensis extract, display significant synergy leading to a stronger anti-tumor effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winnie Lai Ting Kan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Basic Medical Sciences Building, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong S.A.R., China
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Wang CZ, Mehendale SR, Yuan CS. Commonly used antioxidant botanicals: active constituents and their potential role in cardiovascular illness. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2007; 35:543-58. [PMID: 17708622 PMCID: PMC2657364 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x07005053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease continues to be the leading cause of death in the US. Recent studies found that reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been incriminated in the pathogenesis of both acute and chronic heart disease. Many botanicals possess antioxidant properties, and these herbal antioxidants may protect against cardiovascular diseases by contributing to the total antioxidant defense system of the human body. In this article, we reviewed the antioxidant components and properties of four putative antioxidant botanicals (i.e., grape seeds, green tea, Scutellaria baicalensis, and American ginseng), and their potential role in treating cardiovascular illness. The antioxidant activities of the herbal active constituents, and the relationship between their chemical structures and biological functions were also discussed. Further investigations are needed on the mechanisms of action of these botanicals as they affect salient cellular and molecular pathways involved in major diseases. Data obtained from future studies will have the potential for translation into practical benefits for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Zhi Wang
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
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