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Kan LLY, Chan BCL, Leung PC, Wong CK. Natural-Product-Derived Adjunctive Treatments to Conventional Therapy and Their Immunoregulatory Activities in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Molecules 2023; 28:5804. [PMID: 37570775 PMCID: PMC10421415 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an invasive and persistent subtype of breast cancer that is likely to be resistant to conventional treatments. The rise in immunotherapy has created new modalities to treat cancer, but due to high costs and unreliable efficacy, adjunctive and complementary treatments have sparked interest in enhancing the efficacy of currently available treatments. Natural products, which are bioactive compounds derived from natural sources, have historically been used to treat or ameliorate inflammatory diseases and symptoms. As TNBC patients have shown little to no response to immunotherapy, the potential of natural products as candidates for adjuvant immunotherapy is being explored, as well as their immunomodulatory effects on cancer. Due to the complexity of TNBC and the ever-changing tumor microenvironment, there are challenges in determining the feasibility of using natural products to enhance the efficacy or counteract the toxicity of conventional treatments. In view of technological advances in molecular docking, pharmaceutical networking, and new drug delivery systems, natural products show promise as potential candidates in adjunctive therapy. In this article, we summarize the mechanisms of action of selected natural-product-based bioactive compounds and analyze their roles and applications in combination treatments and immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Ling-Yu Kan
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (L.L.-Y.K.); (B.C.-L.C.); (P.-C.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ben Chung-Lap Chan
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (L.L.-Y.K.); (B.C.-L.C.); (P.-C.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ping-Chung Leung
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (L.L.-Y.K.); (B.C.-L.C.); (P.-C.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun-Kwok Wong
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (L.L.-Y.K.); (B.C.-L.C.); (P.-C.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin R & D Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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2
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Phytotherapeutic applications of alkaloids in treating breast cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113760. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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3
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Shakeri A, Ghanbari M, Tasbandi A, Sahebkar A. Regulation of microRNA-21 expression by natural products in cancer. Phytother Res 2021; 35:3732-3746. [PMID: 33724576 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Natural products have been of much interest in research studies owing to their wide pharmacological applications, chemical diversity, low side effects, and multitarget activities. Examples of these compounds include matrine, sulforaphane, silibinin, curcumin, berberin, resveratrol, and quercetin. Some of the present anticancer drugs, such as taxol, vincristine, vinblastine, and doxorubicin are also derived from natural products. The anti-carcinogenic effects of these products are partly mediated through modulation of microRNA-21 (miR-21) expression. To date, numerous downstream targets of miR-21 have been recognized, which include phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), ras homolog gene family member B (RHOB), phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4), signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-3, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathways. These signaling pathways, their regulation by oncomiR-21 in cancer, and the modulating impact of natural products are the main focus of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Shakeri
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Aida Tasbandi
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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4
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Wang JK, Zhao BS, Wang M, Liu CY, Li YQ, Ma QT, Li PF, Wang TS, Wang CG, Zhou YM. Anti-tumor and Phenotypic Regulation Effect of Matrine on Dendritic Cells through Regulating TLRs Pathway. Chin J Integr Med 2020; 27:520-526. [PMID: 33170941 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-020-3433-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of matrine on antigen presentation of dendritic cells (DCs), and to explore the pharmacological mechanism of matrine on anti-tumor effect. METHODS Different concentrations (0, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 µ g/mL) of matrine were co-cultured with DCs, the harvested DCs were co-cultured with antigens of Lewis lung cancer (LLC) cells, and then DCs and T cells were co-cultured to produce DCs-activated killer (DAK) cells, which have significant tumor-killing activity. The expression of cytokines, mRNA and protein of toll-like receptors (TLRs) in DCs were detected by enzyme linked immunosobent assay, polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, respectively. And the killing effect of DAK were measured by MTT assay. RESULTS Matrine significantly increased the mRNA expression of TLR7, TLR8, myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF-6) and I κ B kinase (IKK), as well as the protein expression of TLR7 and TLR8, and up-regulated the levels of interleukin-12 (IL-12), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), meanwhile, it also increased the expressions of MHC-II, CD54, CD80 and CD86 in DCs. DCs-activated effector T cells had significant tumor-killing activity. When the concentration of matrine was more than 4 µg/mL, all indices had significant difference (P<0.01 or P<0.05). CONCLUSION Matrine plays an anti-tumor role by regulating TLRs signal transduction pathway, promoting the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and enhancing immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Kang Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Bao-Sheng Zhao
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Min Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Chen-Yue Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ya-Qi Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Quan-Tao Ma
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Peng-Fei Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Tie-Shan Wang
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Chun-Guo Wang
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yong-Ming Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China.
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5
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Tahmasvand R, Bayat P, Vahdaniparast SM, Dehghani S, Kooshafar Z, Khaleghi S, Almasirad A, Salimi M. Design and synthesis of novel 4-thiazolidinone derivatives with promising anti-breast cancer activity: Synthesis, characterization, in vitro and in vivo results. Bioorg Chem 2020; 104:104276. [PMID: 32992280 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Novel lead compounds as anticancer agents with the ability to circumvent emerging drug resistance have recently gained a great deal of interest. Thiazolidinones are among such compounds with well-established biological activity in the field of oncology. Here, we designed, synthesized and characterized a series of thiazolidinone structures (8a-8k). The results of anti-proliferative assay led to the discovery of compound 8j with a high potent cytotoxic effect using colon, liver and breast cancer cells. Furthermore, MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 cell lines were used to represent triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Next, a number of in vitro and in vivo evaluations were carried out to demonstrate the potential activity against TNBC and also elucidate the possible mechanism of cell death induction. Our in vitro outcomes exhibited an impressive anticancer activity for compound 8j toward MDA-MB-231 cells through inducing apoptosis and a remarkable anti-metastatic feature via suppressing MMP-9 expression as well. Consistently, the in vivo and immunohistopathologic evaluations demonstrated that this compound significantly inhibited the 4T1 induced tumor growth and its metastasis to the lung. Altogether, among numerous thiazolidinone derivatives, compound 8j might represent a promising anticancer agent for TNBC, which is a major concern in the developed and developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheleh Tahmasvand
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peyman Bayat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyyed Mahmood Vahdaniparast
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Dehghani
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Kooshafar
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Khaleghi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Almasirad
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mona Salimi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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6
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Du J, Li J, Song D, Li Q, Li L, Li B, Li L. Matrine exerts anti‑breast cancer activity by mediating apoptosis and protective autophagy via the AKT/mTOR pathway in MCF‑7 cells. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:3659-3666. [PMID: 33000249 PMCID: PMC7533454 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrine, a major alkaloid isolated from the traditional Chinese herb Sophora flavescens, has been used clinically to treat breast cancer in China. However, the effects of matrine on apoptosis and autophagy in breast cancer cells remain unclear. In the present study, the anti-breast cancer capacity of matrine was evaluated and its role in regulating apoptosis and autophagy in vitro was investigated. Matrine significantly inhibited the growth of MCF-7 cells. In addition, Hoechst 33342 staining and Annexin V/propidium iodide staining demonstrated that incubation with matrine induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, matrine induced autophagy in MCF-7 cells, manifesting as an accumulation of light chain 3 II and downregulation of p62. Additionally, matrine suppressed AKT and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) phosphorylation, indicating that the AKT/mTOR pathway is involved in matrine-induced apoptosis and autophagy. Overall, the results of the present study indicated that matrine possesses anti-breast cancer activity by providing protective autophagy via inhibition of the AKT/mTOR pathway. These findings indicated that matrine may be a promising candidate for drug development targeting breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jikun Du
- Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Jinwen Li
- Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Daibo Song
- Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Qin Li
- Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Lin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Baohong Li
- Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
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7
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Lee GY, Lee JS, Son CG, Lee NH. Combating Drug Resistance in Colorectal Cancer Using Herbal Medicines. Chin J Integr Med 2020; 27:551-560. [PMID: 32740824 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-020-3425-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent and lethal cancer types around the world. Most of the CRC patients are treated with chemotherapeutic drugs alone or combined. However, up to 90% of metastatic cancer patients experience the failure of treatment mostly because of the acquired drug resistance, which can be led to multidrug resistance (MDR). In this study, we reviewed the recent literature which studied potential CRC MDR reversal agents among herbal medicines (HMs). Among abundant HMs, 6 single herbs, Andrographis paniculata, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Hedyotis diffusa, Sophora flavescens, Curcuma longa, Bufo gargarizans, and 2 formulae, Pien Tze Huang and Zhi Zhen Fang, were found to overcome CRC MDR by two or more different mechanisms, which could be a promising candidate in the development of new drugs for adjuvant CRC chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga-Young Lee
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Cheonan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Cheonan, 31099, Republic of Korea.,Liver & Immunology Research Center, Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, 35235, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Graduated School of Korean Medicine, University of Daejeon, Daejeon, 34520, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Seok Lee
- Liver & Immunology Research Center, Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, 35235, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Graduated School of Korean Medicine, University of Daejeon, Daejeon, 34520, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Gue Son
- Liver & Immunology Research Center, Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, 35235, Republic of Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Graduated School of Korean Medicine, University of Daejeon, Daejeon, 34520, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hun Lee
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Cheonan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Cheonan, 31099, Republic of Korea. .,Liver & Immunology Research Center, Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, 35235, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Graduated School of Korean Medicine, University of Daejeon, Daejeon, 34520, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Ponnusamy L, Kothandan G, Manoharan R. Berberine and Emodin abrogates breast cancer growth and facilitates apoptosis through inactivation of SIK3-induced mTOR and Akt signaling pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165897. [PMID: 32682817 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Salt-inducible kinases 3 (SIK3) belong to the AMPK-related family of kinases, which have been implicated in the regulation of cell metabolism, cell polarity remodelling, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Elevated SIK3 expressions in breast cancer cells are shown to contribute to tumorigenesis; however, the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. In this study, we demonstrate that SIK3 expression is upregulated and concurrently high expression of SIK3 is associated with poor survival in breast cancer. Specifically, SIK3 knockdown revealed that SIK3 is required for the mTOR/Akt signaling pathway and proliferation of breast cancer cells. Furthermore, our findings showed that Emodin (EMO) combined with Berberine (BBR) significantly inhibited SIK3 activity, leading to reduced cell growth, increased cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in breast cancer cells, but not in non-malignant breast epithelial cell line. Mechanistic studies further reveal that EMO and BBR in combined treatment inhibited SIK3-potentiated mTOR-mediated aerobic glycolysis and cell growth in breast cancer cells. Moreover, combination treatments attenuate Akt signaling, thereby inducing G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of breast cancer cells in a SIK3-dependent manner. CRISPR/Cas9 or siRNA-mediated SIK3 knockout/knockdown showed an opposite trend in both the luminal and basal-like breast cancer. Collectively, our findings reveal that combination of EMO and BBR attenuates SIK3-driven tumor growth in breast cancer, and thus, EMO and BBR might be a novel SIK3 inhibitor explored into the prevention of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavanya Ponnusamy
- Cell Signaling and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Guindy Campus, University of Madras, Chennai 600025, India
| | - Gugan Kothandan
- Biopolymer Modelling Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study in Crystallography and Biophysics, Guindy Campus, University of Madras, Chennai 600025, India
| | - Ravi Manoharan
- Cell Signaling and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Guindy Campus, University of Madras, Chennai 600025, India.
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9
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Effects of matrine on the proliferation and apoptosis of vincristine-resistant retinoblastoma cells. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:2838-2844. [PMID: 32765780 PMCID: PMC7401942 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrine is an active component of Leguminosae plants and is thought to exhibit anti-tumor effects. However, the effects of matrine on drug-resistant cancer have not been fully elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of matrine on vincristine (VCR)-resistant retinoblastoma (RB) cells and to assess the underlying mechanisms governing this effect. The drug-resistant cell line SO-Rb50/VCR was established by incubation with VCR at increasing concentrations. The effects of matrine on SO-Rb50 and SO-RB50/VCR cell growth and proliferation were evaluated using light microscopy and Cell-Counting Kit-8 assay. In addition, the effects of matrine on cell apoptosis, proliferation and cell cycle staging together with its potential underlying mechanisms were investigated. Matrine inhibited the proliferation of SO-Rb50 and SO-RB50/VCR cells in a concentration-dependent manner (0.2-1.1 mg/ml). However, matrine at the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) appeared to trigger apoptosis of these cells and had a tendency to arrest the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase. Matrine treatment also promoted the expression of Bax and reduced the expression of Bcl-2 and cyclin D1 compared with the control. However, matrine was not able to increase the sensitivity of cells to VCR. The results of the present study suggested that matrine has the potential to promote the apoptosis of SO-Rb50/VCR cells and arrest cell cycling, indicating a possible benefit of matrine for the treatment of drug-resistant RB.
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10
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Cao X, He Q. Anti-Tumor Activities of Bioactive Phytochemicals in Sophora flavescens for Breast Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:1457-1467. [PMID: 32161498 PMCID: PMC7051174 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s243127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with breast cancer and breast cancer survivors are frequent users of botanicals and their bioactive phytochemicals. In China, active ingredients in Sophora flavescens like matrine (MT), oxymatrine (OMT), other Sophora flavescens alkaloids and Compound Kushen Injection (CKI) are extensively used for multiple malignant tumors. In vivo and in vitro studies have confirmed that these activities or injection have significant effects on relieving symptoms, alleviating side effects after chemotherapy and improving the quality of life of breast cancer patients, where there is evidence for efficacy. A large number of experimental studies have also revealed that they can inhibit the proliferation, invasion and migration of breast cancer cells according to different mechanisms. This provides promising valuable supportive therapies for prevention, treatment and postoperative recovery of breast cancer. Rigorous clinical research and experimental studies reflect integrative care as it is used in hospital is needed to responsibly move this field forward. This review summarizes an up to date knowledge of the available bioactive phytochemicals, their discovery, current clinical and experimental status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjiao Cao
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250011, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqing He
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The 960th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Jinan, Shandong 250031, People's Republic of China
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11
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The Biological Activity of Natural Alkaloids against Herbivores, Cancerous Cells and Pathogens. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11110656. [PMID: 31717922 PMCID: PMC6891610 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11110656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing incidence of microorganisms that resist antimicrobials is a constant concern for the scientific community, while the development of new antimicrobials from new chemical entities has become more and more expensive, time-consuming, and exacerbated by emerging drug-resistant strains. In this regard, many scientists are conducting research on plants aiming to discover possible antimicrobial compounds. The secondary metabolites contained in plants are a source of chemical entities having pharmacological activities and intended to be used for the treatment of different diseases. These chemical entities have the potential to be used as an effective antioxidant, antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic and antimicrobial agents. Among these pharmacologically active entities are the alkaloids which are classified into a number of classes, including pyrrolizidines, pyrrolidines, quinolizidines, indoles, tropanes, piperidines, purines, imidazoles, and isoquinolines. Alkaloids that have antioxidant properties are capable of preventing a variety of degenerative diseases through capturing free radicals, or through binding to catalysts involved indifferent oxidation processes occurring within the human body. Furthermore, these entities are capable of inhibiting the activity of bacteria, fungi, protozoan and etc. The unique properties of these secondary metabolites are the main reason for their utilization by the pharmaceutical companies for the treatment of different diseases. Generally, these alkaloids are extracted from plants, animals and fungi. Penicillin is the most famous natural drug discovery deriving from fungus. Similarly, marines have been used as a source for thousands of bioactive marine natural products. In this review, we cover the medical use of natural alkaloids isolated from a variety of plants and utilized by humans as antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal and anticancer agents. An example for such alkaloids is berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid, found in roots and stem-bark of Berberis asculin P. Renault plant and used to kill a variety of microorganisms.
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12
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Sharifi-Rad J, Ozleyen A, Boyunegmez Tumer T, Oluwaseun Adetunji C, El Omari N, Balahbib A, Taheri Y, Bouyahya A, Martorell M, Martins N, Cho WC. Natural Products and Synthetic Analogs as a Source of Antitumor Drugs. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E679. [PMID: 31683894 PMCID: PMC6920853 DOI: 10.3390/biom9110679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a heterogeneous disease and one of the major issues of health concern, especially for the public health system globally. Nature is a source of anticancer drugs with abundant pool of diverse chemicals and pharmacologically active compounds. In recent decade, some natural products and synthetic analogs have been investigated for the cancer treatment. This article presents the utilization of natural products as a source of antitumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Zabol Medicinal Plants Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol 61615-585, Iran.
| | - Adem Ozleyen
- Graduate Program of Biomolecular Sciences, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17020, Turkey.
| | - Tugba Boyunegmez Tumer
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Science, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17020, Turkey.
| | - Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji
- Applied Microbiology, Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Edo University, Iyamho, Edo State 300271, Nigeria.
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10100, Morocco.
| | - Abdelaali Balahbib
- Laboratory of Zoology and General Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10106, Morocco.
| | - Yasaman Taheri
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran.
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, and Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University, Rabat 10106, Morocco.
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, Concepcion 4070386, Chile.
- Universidad de Concepción, Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, UDT, Concepcion 4070386, Chile.
| | - Natália Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
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13
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Zhou P, Xia D, Wang Y, Lv H, Wang Z, Xing M, Zhao Q, Xu S. Matrine derivate MASM protects murine MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells against dexamethasone-induced apoptosis via the regulation of USP14/p53. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:3720-3728. [PMID: 31523993 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1664563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Panyu Zhou
- Department of Emergency, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Demeng Xia
- Department of Emergency, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Emergency, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongdi Lv
- Department of Logistics, The Nine Nine Zero Hospital of the People’s Liberation Army, Henan, China
| | - Ziqin Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Armed Police Henan Corps Hospital, Henan, China
| | - Malcolm Xing
- College of Mechanical Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Qingjie Zhao
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmcy, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuogui Xu
- Department of Emergency, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Matrine suppresses lung metastasis of human hepatocellular carcinoma by directly targeting matrix metalloproteinase-9. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 515:57-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Antiangiogenic Effect of Alkaloids. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:9475908. [PMID: 31178979 PMCID: PMC6501137 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9475908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Alkaloids are among the natural phytochemicals contained in functional foods and nutraceuticals and have been suggested for the prevention and/or management of oxidative stress and inflammation-mediated diseases. In this review, we aimed to describe the effects of alkaloids in angiogenesis, the process playing a crucial role in tumor growth and invasion, whereby new vessels form. Antiangiogenic compounds including herbal ingredients, nonherbal alkaloids, and microRNAs can be used for the control and treatment of cancers. Several lines of evidence indicate that alkaloid-rich plants have several interesting features that effectively inhibit angiogenesis. In this review, we present valuable data on commonly used alkaloid substances as potential angiogenic inhibitors. Different herbal and nonherbal ingredients, introduced as antiangiogenesis agents, and their role in angiogenesis-dependent diseases are reviewed. Studies indicate that angiogenesis suppression is exerted through several mechanisms; however, further investigations are required to elucidate their precise molecular and cellular mechanisms, as well as potential side effects.
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Research advances on anticancer activities of matrine and its derivatives: An updated overview. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 161:205-238. [PMID: 30359819 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of mortality, only overcome by cardiovascular diseases, and has caused more than 8.7 million deaths in 2015 all over the world. This figure is expected to rise to about 13.1 million by 2030. In order to prevent or cure this fatal illness, substantial efforts have been devoted to develop and discover new anticancer drugs with same or better antitumor activity but lesser toxicity. Matrine is an alkaloid isolated from Sophora flavescens Ait. For decades, matrine and its derivatives have been studied as antineoplastic agents which predominantly work by inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis of cancer cells. The mechanism responsible for the anticancer activity of matrine can be recognized via up-regulating or down-regulating expression of the cancer related molecules, eventually causing tumor cell death. This review summarizes research developments of matrine and its derivatives as anticancer agents. A few possible research directions, suggestions and clues for future work on the development of novel matrine-based anticancer agents with improved expected activities and lesser toxicity have also been provided.
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Fang R, Wu R, Zuo Q, Yin R, Zhang C, Wang C, Guo Y, Yang AY, Li W, Lin L, Kong AN. Sophora flavescens Containing-QYJD Formula Activates Nrf2 Anti-Oxidant Response, Blocks Cellular Transformation and Protects Against DSS-Induced Colitis in Mouse Model. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2018; 46:1-15. [PMID: 30284461 PMCID: PMC8111688 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x18500829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Qu-Yu-Jie-Du decoction (QYJD) is a commercially available traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It is an aqueous extract of a Chinese herbal formula primarily consisting of eight TCM herbs: Taraxacum campylodes G.E. Haglund, Coix lacryma-jobi L., Smilax glabra Roxb., Sanguisorba officinalis L, Styphnolobium japonicum (L.) Schott, Prunus persica (L.) Batsch, Sophora flavescens Aiton, and Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker. Matrine and oxymatrine are two of the major phytochemical constituents of QYJD. Inflammation and oxidative stress are strongly associated with colon carcinogenesis. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of cancer. Therefore, cancer chemopreventive agents targeting CRC are urgently needed. This study was conducted to investigate the potential anticancer effects and the underlying mechanisms of QYJD and its active constituents, matrine and oxymatrine, in human colon cancer HT29 cells and in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model. QYJD and matrine effectively inhibited the proliferation and anchorage-independent growth of HT29 cells in a dose-dependent manner. QYJD and matrine also induced an Nrf2-mediated anti-oxidant response element-luciferase activity and upregulated the Nrf2-mediated anti-oxidative stress genes HO-1 and NQO1 at both the mRNA and protein levels. In the DSS-induced colitis mouse model, QYJD reduced the disease activity index (DAI) and alleviated colonic shortening. Elevated Nrf2 and HO-1 mRNA levels were also observed in QYJD-treated mice. These findings showed that QYJD could elicit anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress response in vitro in a cell line and in vivo in a DSS-induced colitis mouse model. These responses may contribute to the overall anticolon cancer effect of QYJD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoming Fang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
- Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, P. R. China
| | - Renyi Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Qian Zuo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
- Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, P. R. China
| | - Ran Yin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Chengyue Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Yue Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Anne Yuqing Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Wenji Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Lizhu Lin
- Department of Oncology, No. 1 Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, P. R. China
| | - Ah-Ng Kong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
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Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of thiomatrine derivatives as potential anticancer agents. Med Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-018-2205-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Xie W, Lu J, Lu Q, Wang X, Long H, Huang J, Guo Z. Matrine inhibits the proliferation and migration of lung cancer cells through regulation of the protein kinase B/glycogen synthase kinase-3β signaling pathways. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:723-729. [PMID: 30112033 PMCID: PMC6090456 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Despite recent advances in treatment, lung cancer remains an incurable disease. Matrine, an active compound isolated from Sophora flavescens, has been demonstrated to inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of tumor cells. However, the protective effects and molecular mechanisms of matrine in lung cancer remain elusive. In the present study, the lung cancer cells H1299 and A549 were used to investigate how matrine affects the proliferation, migration and apoptosis of lung cancer cells in vitro. It was demonstrated that matrine is able to significantly suppress the proliferation and colony formation of lung cancer cells in vitro. Using cell apoptosis analysis, wound-healing and Transwell assays, it was demonstrated that matrine induced cellular apoptosis and inhibited the migration of lung cancer cells. Further experiments revealed that matrine significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt) and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β). The present results suggested that matrine inhibits lung cancer cell proliferation, and induces cell apoptosis by suppressing the Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway, which demonstrated that matrine may have therapeutic potential for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Xie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Lu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Qingchun Lu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Haihu Long
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Jianhao Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
| | - Zhongliang Guo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, P.R. China
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20
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Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of matrine derivatives as potential anticancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:677-683. [PMID: 29395978 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Using matrine (1) as the lead compound, a series of new 14-(N-substituted-2-pyrrolemethylene) matrine and 14-(N-substituted-indolemethylene) matrine derivatives was designed and synthesized for their potential application as anticancer agents. The structure of these compounds was characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and ESI-MS spectral analyses. The target compounds were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxicity against three human cancer cell lines (SMMC-7721, A549 and CNE2). The results revealed that compound A6 and B21 displayed the most significant anticancer activity against three cancer cell lines with IC50 values in range of 3.42-8.05 μM, which showed better activity than the parent compound (Matrine) and positive control Cisplatin. Furthermore, the Annexin V-FITC/PI dual staining assay revealed that compound A6 and B21 could significantly induce the apoptosis of SMMC-7721 and CNE2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The cell cycle analysis also revealed that compound A6 could cause cell cycle arrest of SMMC-7721 and CNE2 cells at G2/M phase.
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21
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Zhang B, Wang X, Li Y, Wu M, Wang SY, Li S. Matrine Is Identified as a Novel Macropinocytosis Inducer by a Network Target Approach. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:10. [PMID: 29434546 PMCID: PMC5790780 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Comprehensively understanding pharmacological functions of natural products is a key issue to be addressed for the discovery of new drugs. Unlike some single-target drugs, natural products always exert diverse therapeutic effects through acting on a "network" that consists of multiple targets, making it necessary to develop a systematic approach, e.g., network pharmacology, to reveal pharmacological functions of natural products and infer their mechanisms of action. In this work, to identify the "network target" of a natural product, we perform a functional analysis of matrine, a marketed drug in China extracted from a medical herb Ku-Shen (Radix Sophorae Flavescentis). Here, the network target of matrine was firstly predicted by drugCIPHER, a genome-wide target prediction method. Based on the network target of matrine, we performed a functional gene set enrichment analysis to computationally identify the potential pharmacological functions of matrine, most of which are supported by the literature evidence, including neurotoxicity and neuropharmacological activities of matrine. Furthermore, computational results demonstrated that matrine has the potential for the induction of macropinocytosis and the regulation of ATP metabolism. Our experimental data revealed that the large vesicles induced by matrine are consistent with the typical characteristics of macropinosome. Our verification results also suggested that matrine could decrease cellular ATP level. These findings demonstrated the availability and effectiveness of the network target strategy for identifying the comprehensive pharmacological functions of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, TCM-X Center, Bioinformatics Division, TNLIST, Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, TCM-X Center, Bioinformatics Division, TNLIST, Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Min Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, TCM-X Center, Bioinformatics Division, TNLIST, Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Yan Wang
- Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology and Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shao Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, TCM-X Center, Bioinformatics Division, TNLIST, Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Xiao X, Ao M, Xu F, Li X, Hu J, Wang Y, Li D, Zhu X, Xin C, Shi W. Effect of matrine against breast cancer by downregulating the vascular endothelial growth factor via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:1691-1697. [PMID: 29434864 PMCID: PMC5776934 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of matrine on breast cancer and its underlying mechanism. Matrine is a major component of Sophora flavescens, exhibited antitumor activity in a number of neoplasms, including breast cancer. The present study revealed that matrine inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis in 4T1 and MCF-7 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner in vitro. In addition, matrine suppressed the 4T1-tumor growth, induced apoptosis, inhibited the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and downregulated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in vivo. All these findings indicated that matrine may be a novel effective candidate for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Man Ao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Fan Xu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Jiuli Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Daixiao Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Chunlan Xin
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Wenda Shi
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
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Matrine derivative YF-18 inhibits lung cancer cell proliferation and migration through down-regulating Skp2. Oncotarget 2017; 8:11729-11738. [PMID: 28036296 PMCID: PMC5355299 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer related death which needs novel drugs to improve patient outcomes. In this study, we examined the ability of YF-18, a novel matrine derivative to inhibit the growth and migration of lung cancer cells. By cell cycle analysis, wound healing and transwell assays, we found that YF-18 induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and inhibited migration of lung cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. Further results indicated that YF-18 inhibited cell proliferation and migration through down-regulating Skp2 and up-regulating its substrates, p27 and E-cadherin. Moreover, YF-18 inhibited A549-luciferase cell xenograft tumor growth in a dose-dependent manner. The findings indicate that YF-18 bears therapeutic potentials for lung cancer.
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Duan L, Deng L, Wang D, Ma S, Li C, Zhao D. Treatment mechanism of matrine in combination with irinotecan for colon cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:2300-2304. [PMID: 28781667 PMCID: PMC5530135 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibitory effect of matrine (MA) was studied in combination with irinotecan (CPT-11) on proliferation of human colon carcinoma cell line HT29. We also explored the mechanism of cell apoptosis induction in HT29. HT29 cells were treated with different concentrations of MA and CPT-11 alone and in combination. The growth inhibition in HT29 cells was evaluated using MTT assay. Apoptosis was detected using AV-PI double staining flow cytometry. Transmission electron microscopy was used to detect structural changes in cells. Topoisomerase (TOPO) I, Bax and Caspase-3 expression levels were evaluated using western blot analysis. MA and CPT-11 alone and in combination, inhibited the proliferation of HT29 cells, whereas the combination treatment exhibited higher inhibitory effect (P<0.01). This suggests the existence of synergistic cytotoxicity. Compared with each treatment alone, the combination treatment caused more significant damage to cell structure, and caused a significantly higher apoptosis rate (P<0.01). Additionally, the combination treatment increased TOPO I, Bax and Caspase-3 expression levels (P<0.01). In conclusion, MA in combination with CPT-11 synergistically inhibited HT29 cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in these cells. The mechanism may be related to upregulation of the TOPO I, Bax and Caspase-3 protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Duan
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Leijiao Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Dabin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The People's Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Shoucheng Ma
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Chunmei Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Da Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
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Xiao Y, Ma D, Wang H, Wu D, Chen Y, Ji K, Qin T, Wu L. Matrine Suppresses the ER-positive MCF Cells by Regulating Energy Metabolism and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Signaling Pathway. Phytother Res 2017; 31:671-679. [PMID: 28185329 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Matrine (C15 H24 N2 O), an alkaloid that is one of the main active components from Sophora flavescens. Matrine has been demonstrated to have therapeutic effects on various solid tumors, including breast cancer, but the mechanism still needs further study. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-positive Michigan Cancer Foundation cells were cultured, and matrine was added in various amounts to measure the dose-dependent and time-dependent cytotoxicity. Hoechst 33258 staining was used to observed nuclear morphological changes. Apoptosis was measured by AnnexinV/PI double staining assay kit. Intracellular adenosine triphosphate and glycometabolism were detected by assay kit. The protein levels GRP78, p-eIF2α, CHOP, cytochrome c, and HexokinaseII were analyzed. Mechanistic investigations revealed that matrine treatment causes ER dilation and up-regulated the expression of ER stress markers GRP78, eIF2α, and CHOP, increases the levels of apoptotic in Michigan Cancer Foundation cells, subsequently, blocking the ER stress-mediated apoptosis pathway, significantly decreased matrine-induced apoptotic but still has significant difference between control group. In addition, matrine not only promoted the occurrence of ER stress but also inhibited the expression of hexokinase II, down-regulated energy metabolism. In summary, the present study suggests that the induction of ER stress-mediated apoptosis by matrine and down-regulated energy metabolism may account for its cytotoxic effects in human breast cancer cells. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xiao
- Department of Galactophore, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dachang Ma
- Department of Galactophore, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Honglei Wang
- Department of Galactophore, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Duoming Wu
- Department of Galactophore, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Galactophore, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kun Ji
- Department of Galactophore, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tao Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Pingliang City People's Hospital, PingLiang, China
| | - Li Wu
- Department of Galactophore, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Wang D, Cao Y, Zheng L, Lv D, Chen L, Xing X, Zhu Z, Li X, Chai Y. Identification of Annexin A2 as a target protein for plant alkaloid matrine. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:5020-5023. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc02227a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The cellular target of matrine is identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyao Wang
- School of Pharmacy
- Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Yan Cao
- School of Pharmacy
- Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Leyi Zheng
- School of Pharmacy
- Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Diya Lv
- School of Pharmacy
- Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Langdong Chen
- School of Pharmacy
- Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Xinrui Xing
- School of Pharmacy
- Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Zhenyu Zhu
- School of Pharmacy
- Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Hong Kong
- Hong Kong SAR
- China
| | - Yifeng Chai
- School of Pharmacy
- Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai
- China
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Growth inhibitory effect of Scrophularia oxysepala extract on mouse mammary carcinoma 4T1 cells in vitro and in vivo systems. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 85:718-724. [PMID: 27923691 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.11.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Medical plants have been intensively studied as a source of antitumor compounds. In the present study, we determine the effect of Scrophularia oxysepala on triggering apoptosis and diminishing growth, size and weight of the tumor in the allograft model of Balb/c mice. MATERIAL & METHODS The cytotoxic effects of Scrophularia oxysepala extract on 4T1 cells were studied using MTT (3-[4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl]-2, 5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay and Trypan blue staining. DNA fragmentation assay was done for apoptosis detection. After the establishment of tumor in Balb/c mice, two groups of mice were received the extract at two doses of 50 and 100mg/kg respectively using intraperitoneal injection once every two days for 28 days. In order to assess the induction of apoptosis in cancer cells, the TUNEL assay was carried out in tumoral tissues. Moreover, the Ki67 test was used to evaluate tumor proliferation. RESULTS According to the findings, the Scrophularia oxysepala extract inhibited cell growth. In vivo results showed that tumor size in mice treated with the extract was significantly reduced. The weight of tumor mass in treated mice after resection was less than the control group. According to the TUNEL (Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling) assay results, the herbal extract induced apoptosis in tumoral cells. Ki67 test also demonstrated that administration of the extract suppressed the growth of tumor cells. CONCLUSION Our data well approved the anti-proliferative effect of Scrophularia oxysepala extract, and clearly showed that, the plant extract can decrease the growth of breast cancer cells in tumor mass. Thus it may represent an ideal therapeutic tool for breast cancer.
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Omarniyaz Z, Yu Y, Yang T, Shan L, Miao W, Reyimu R, Upur H, Aikemu A. Anti-tumor effects of Abnormal Savda Munziq on the transplanted cervical cancer (U27) mouse model. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 16:477. [PMID: 27881109 PMCID: PMC5122163 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1458-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal Savda Munziq (ASMq), a traditional uyghur medicine, has shown anti-tumour properties in vitro. it was showed that total flavonoids of ASMq could inhibit the proliferation and enhance the antioxidant ability of human cervix cancer HeLa cell. This study attempts to confirm these effects on the transplanted cervical cancer (U27) mouse model in vivo. METHODS Forty eight Kunming mice were randomly divided in to six groups: normal control group (Control group), U27 tumor model group (Model group), cyclophosphamide administration group (CTX group),low-dose ASMq group (ASMq.L group), medium-dose ASMq group (ASMq.M group), and high-dose ASMq group (ASMq.H group). The five groups except normal control group transplanted with cervical cancer (U27) cells. We observed mice tumor inhibition rate and conducted the histopathological analysisUsing the western blot assay, the expression of TGF-β1 and TNF-α protein in transplanted cervical cancer U27 tumor tissue were detected. RESULTS The tumor inhibition rates of CTX group, ASMq.L group, ASMq.M group, and ASMq.H group were 72.21, 31.27, 60.53 and 51.94% respectively, has obvious antitumor effect. ASMq significantly promote the spleen tlymphocyte proliferation of transplanted cervical cancer U27 mice. Invasive growth and diffusion rate in tumor tissue were accelerate in the transplanted cervical cancer U27 model group. Tumor tissue necrosis of tumor cells are smaller in the medium, high dosage group. Compared with the U27 model group, the expression levels of TGF-β1 protein and TNF-α protein expression exhibited statistically significant decreased in the mice tumor tissues in the CTX administration group and the ASMq administration group. CONCLUSIONS ASMq has some antitumor effects on U27 model mice in vivo, The effects are achieved not only by improving the immune function of U27 model mice, but also by inhibiting the expression levels of TGF-β1 protein while promoting the expression levels of TNF-α protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuhragul Omarniyaz
- Department of pharmaceutical analysis, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Uyghur Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of pharmaceutical analysis, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Lianlian Shan
- Department of pharmaceutical analysis, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Weiwei Miao
- Department of pharmaceutical analysis, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Renaguli Reyimu
- Department of pharmaceutical analysis, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Halmurat Upur
- Uyghur Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China.
| | - Ainiwaer Aikemu
- Central Laboratory of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China.
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of matrine derivatives containing benzo-α-pyrone structure as potent anti-lung cancer agents. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35918. [PMID: 27786281 PMCID: PMC5081519 DOI: 10.1038/srep35918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrine, an active component of root extracts from Sophora flavescens Ait, is the main chemical ingredient of Fufang Kushen injection which was approved by Chinese FDA (CFDA) in 1995 as an anticancer drug to treat non-small cell lung cancer and liver cancer in combination with other anticancer drugs. Owning to its druggable potential, matrine is considered as an ideal lead compound for modification. We delineate herein the synthesis and anticancer effects of 17 matrine derivatives bearing benzo-α-pyrone structures. The results of cell viability assays indicated that most of the target compounds showed improved anticancer effects. Further studies showed that compound 5i could potently inhibit lung cancer cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo with no obvious side effects. Moreover, compound 5i could induce G1 cell cycle arrest and autophagy in lung cancer cells through up-regulating P27, down-regulating CDK4 and cyclinD1 and attenuating PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Suppression of autophagy attenuated 5i induced proliferation inhibition. Collectively, our results infer that matrine derivative 5i bears therapeutic potentials for lung cancer.
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Matrine Attenuates COX-2 and ICAM-1 Expressions in Human Lung Epithelial Cells and Prevents Acute Lung Injury in LPS-Induced Mice. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:3630485. [PMID: 26880863 PMCID: PMC4736390 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3630485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrine is isolated from Sophora flavescens and shows anti-inflammatory effects in macrophages. Here we evaluated matrine's suppressive effects on cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expressions in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) stimulated human lung epithelial A549 cells. Additionally, BALB/c mice were given various matrine doses by intraperitoneal injection, and then lung injury was induced via intratracheal instillation of LPS. In LPS-stimulated A549 cells, matrine inhibited the productions of interleukin-8 (IL-8), monocyte chemotactic protein-1, and IL-6 and decreased COX-2 expression. Matrine treatment also decreased ICAM-1 protein expression and suppressed the adhesion of neutrophil-like cells to inflammatory A549 cells. In vitro results demonstrated that matrine significantly inhibited mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation and decreased nuclear transcription factor kappa-B subunit p65 protein translocation into the nucleus. In vivo data indicated that matrine significantly inhibited neutrophil infiltration and suppressed productions of tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-6 in mouse bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum. Analysis of lung tissue showed that matrine decreased the gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, COX-2, and ICAM-1. Our findings suggest that matrine improved lung injury in mice and decreased the inflammatory response in human lung epithelial cells.
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Zhang GL, Jiang L, Yan Q, Liu RH, Zhang L. Anti-tumor effect of matrine combined with cisplatin on rat models of cervical cancer. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2015; 8:1055-1059. [PMID: 26706679 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the anti-tumor effect of matrine combined with cisplatin on U14 rat models of cervical cancer. METHODS A total of 80 female Kunming rats were used to establish U14 rat models of cervical cancer and then divided into groups I, II, III, IV, with 20 rats in each. For Group I, the control group, injection of normal saline was given around the tumors. For Group II, injection of 2 mg/kg cisplatin was given around the tumors. For Group III, injection of 75 mg/kg matrine was given around the tumors while the combined injection of matrine and cisplatin was given for Group IV with the same doses as Groups II and III. The animals were sacrificed 10 d after the injection and tumors were taken out for the comparisons of tumor weights after injection and calculation of anti-tumor rates, while thymus and spleen were taken for thymus index and spleen index. Blood in eyeball was collected for determination of changes in serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels. Sections of tumor issue were prepared and morphological changes in tumor tissue cells were observed by using immunohistochemistry technique. RESULTS After injection, the thymus index and spleen index in Groups III and IV were significantly higher than those in Groups I and II (P < 0.05) while the two indexes in Group II were significantly lower than Group I (P < 0.05). The tumor weights in Groups II and IV were significantly smaller than those in Groups I and III (P < 0.05) with significantly higher anti-tumor rates than Groups I and III (P < 0.05). The serum creatinine and urea nitrogen levels in Groups III and IV were significantly lower than Group II (P < 0.05) and the two indicators in Group III were significantly lower than those in Group IV (P < 0.05). The observation under the histological microscope showed densely arranged tumor cells in Group I, growing as a crumby structure and diffuse appearance, with hyperchromatic and large nuclei, and abundant cytoplasm. In the case of Group II, it showed less tumor cells, with extensive degenerative necrosis, sparse arrangement and karyopyknosis as well as karyoclasis. For Group III, necrosis of tumor cells in different sizes and heterogeneous color in nuclei were observed. For Group IV, the number of tumor cells was significantly smaller than Groups I and III and the tumor cells presented an appearance of crumby structure as cancer nests, with more proliferation of connective tissue. CONCLUSIONS The treatment of matrine combined with cisplatin can significantly improve the anti-tumor effect on U14 rats with cervical cancer, which can be a new option for the treatment for cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Li Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yantaishan Hospital Affiliated to Taishan Medical University, Yantai 264000, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Ling Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yantaishan Hospital Affiliated to Taishan Medical University, Yantai 264000, Shandong Province, PR China.
| | - Qian Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yantaishan Hospital Affiliated to Taishan Medical University, Yantai 264000, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Rong-Hui Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yantaishan Hospital Affiliated to Taishan Medical University, Yantai 264000, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yantaishan Hospital Affiliated to Taishan Medical University, Yantai 264000, Shandong Province, PR China
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Gao H, Guo Y, Deng N, Fei P, Qiu X, Zheng P, Feng J, Dai G. Suppressive Effect of Matrine on Tumor Invasion in N-Butyl-N-(4-Hydroxybutyl)Nitrosamine-Induced Urinary Bladder Carcinogenesis. Chemotherapy 2015; 60:119-128. [PMID: 25721249 DOI: 10.1159/000371439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study was designed to investigate the mechanisms and suppressive effects of matrine on the development of urinary bladder cancers induced by N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (BBN) in rats. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were given BBN (200 mg/rat) twice a week for a period of 8 weeks. Oral administration of matrine (50 and 100 mg/kg) was started 1 week before BBN exposure for 35 weeks. Half of each bladder was histopathologically analyzed and the remainder was extracted for protein analysis by Western blot. RESULTS The bladders of BBN-treated rats demonstrated progression from epithelial hyperplasia to papillary urothelial neoplasia and even poorly differentiated invasive cancer. Matrine (50 and 100 mg/kg) treatment decreased the formation of large bladder tumors by 31.6 and 21.1%, respectively. An incidence of cancer cells was detected in rats given BBN [70% (14/20)] and matrine [50 mg/kg: 68.4% (13/19) and 100 mg/kg: 57.9% (11/19), respectively]. The frequency of invasive tumors in the matrine treatment groups [50 mg/kg: 15.4% (2/13), 100 mg/kg: 9.1% (1/11)] was significantly lower than in the BBN-alone group [57% (8/14)]. Furthermore, oral administration of matrine (50 and 100 mg/kg) markedly attenuated the BBN-induced upregulation of bladder cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and the elevation of bladder cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) levels. Although the contents of 15-prostaglandin dehydrogenase (PGDH), which degrades PGE2, were dramatically reduced by BBN, matrine exerted no effects on reduced PGDH contents. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that matrine suppressed bladder tumor invasion in a rat model, and this might be primarily mediated through regulation of the protein contents, COX-2 and cPLA2 in the bladder.
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Matrine inhibits the invasive properties of human osteosarcoma cells by downregulating the ERK-NF-κB pathway. Anticancer Drugs 2015; 25:1035-43. [PMID: 24999836 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Matrine has been used in anti-inflammatory and anticancer therapies for a long time. However, the antimetastatic effect and molecular mechanism(s) of matrine on osteosarcoma are still unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the effects of matrine and related mechanism(s) on osteosarcoma cells. In the study, we found that matrine inhibited the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells in vivo and in vitro and inhibited tumor cell metastasis in vitro at cytotoxic doses. Matrine also decreased the expression of the matrix metalloproteinases-2 and 9, decreased p50 and p65 nuclear translocation, and decreased the phosphorylated level of I-κ-B (IκB)-β. In addition, matrine reduced the phosphorylated levels of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 proteins, which regulate the invasion of poorly differentiated cancer cells. Finally, when U2OS cells were grown as xenografts in nude mice, intragastric administration of matrine induced a significant dose-dependent decrease in tumor growth. These results show the anticancer properties of matrine, which include the inhibition of invasion and proliferation of human osteosarcoma cells.
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Song L, Sun S, Jin L, Xue L, Fu Y. The extracts of Holotrichia diomphalia larvae inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Mol Cell Toxicol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-014-0028-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Niu H, Zhang Y, Wu B, Zhang Y, Jiang H, He P. Matrine induces the apoptosis of lung cancer cells through downregulation of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins and the Akt signaling pathway. Oncol Rep 2014; 32:1087-93. [PMID: 24969052 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer‑related mortality in humans. The prognosis for advanced lung cancer patients is extremely poor. Current standard care is rather ineffective for prolonging patient life while preserving satisfactory quality of life due to adverse side-effects. Matrine extracted from the traditional Chinese herbal plant Sophora flavescens was shown to induce cancer cell death in vitro. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of matrine on the proliferation and apoptosis of lung cancer cells and the molecular basis of matrine-induced apoptosis. The results showed that matrine inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in lung cancer A549 and 95D cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The apoptotic effects of matrine on lung cancer cells appeared to act via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K-Akt-mTOR) signaling pathway and downregulation of the expression of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family proteins. Matrine exerts its cancer-killing effect via promoting apoptosis in lung cancer cells and may be a useful adjuvant therapeutic scheme for treating advanced lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyan Niu
- Department of Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, P.R. China
| | - Yifei Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, P.R. China
| | - Baogang Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, P.R. China
| | - Hongfang Jiang
- Department of Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, P.R. China
| | - Ping He
- Department of Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, P.R. China
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Liu Y, Xu Y, Ji W, Li X, Sun B, Gao Q, Su C. Anti-tumor activities of matrine and oxymatrine: literature review. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:5111-9. [PMID: 24526416 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-1680-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrine (MT) and oxymatrine (OMT), two kinds of alkaloid components found in the roots of Sophora species, have various pharmacological activities and are demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-virus, anti-fibrotic, and cardiovascular protective effects. They are recently proved to have anti-cancer potentials, such as inhibiting cancer cell proliferation, inducing cell cycle arrest, accelerating apoptosis, restraining angiogenesis, inducing cell differentiation, inhibiting cancer metastasis and invasion, reversing multidrug resistance, and preventing or reducing chemotherapy- or radiotherapy-induced toxicity when combined with other chemotherapeutic drugs. In this review, we summarize the recent investigations regarding the anti-cancer activities and possible molecular targets of MT and OMT for cancer prevention and treatment in order to provide clues and references for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Wujiang No.1 People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215200, China
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Zhang S, Cheng B, Li H, Xu W, Zhai B, Pan S, Wang L, Liu M, Sun X. Matrine inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of human colon cancer LoVo cells by inactivating Akt pathway. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:2101-8. [PMID: 24452711 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3059-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The present study has investigated the anti-tumor activity and the underlying mechanisms of matrine on human colon cancer LoVo cells. Matrine inhibited the proliferation of the cells in dose- and time-dependent manners. The concentration required for 50 % inhibition (IC50) was 1.15, 0.738, and 0.414 mg/ml, when cell were incubated with matrine for 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. Matrine induced cell cycle arrest at G1 phase by downregulating cyclin D1 and upregulating p27 and p21. Matrine induced cell apoptosis by reducing the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax and increasing the activation of caspase-9 in a dose-dependent manner. Matrine displayed its anti-tumor activity by inactivating Akt, the upstream factor of the above proteins. Matrine significantly reduced the protein levels of pAkt, and increased the protein levels of other downstream factors, pBad and pGSK-3β. Specific inhibition of pAkt induced cell apoptosis, and synergized with matrine to inhibit the proliferation of LoVo cells; whereas activation of Akt neutralized the inhibitory effect of matrine on cell proliferation. The present study has demonstrated that matrine inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of human colon cancer LoVo cells by inactivating Akt pathway, indicating matrine may be a potential anti-cancer agent for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujun Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
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Huang WC, Chan CC, Wu SJ, Chen LC, Shen JJ, Kuo ML, Chen MC, Liou CJ. Matrine attenuates allergic airway inflammation and eosinophil infiltration by suppressing eotaxin and Th2 cytokine production in asthmatic mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 151:470-7. [PMID: 24231072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.10.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2013] [Revised: 10/13/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Matrine has been isolated from Sophora flavescens, and found to show anti-inflammatory effects in macrophages and anti-cachectic effects in hepatomas. The present study investigated whether matrine suppressed eosinophil infiltration and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in mice, and decreased the inflammatory response of tracheal epithelial cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin to induce allergic asthma in mice. These asthmatic mice were given various doses of matrine by intraperitoneal injection. Additionally, activated human tracheal epithelial cells (BEAS-2B cells) were treated with matrine, and evaluated for levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. RESULTS We found that matrine significantly decreased AHR, and suppressed goblet cell hyperplasia, eosinophil infiltration, and inflammatory response in the lung tissue of asthmatic mice. Matrine also reduced the levels of Th2 cytokines and chemokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and suppressed OVA-IgE production in serum. Furthermore, matrine treatment of activated BEAS-2B cells decreased production of proinflammatory cytokines and eotaxins, as well as suppressed ICAM-1 expression and thus adhesion of eosinophils to inflammatory BEAS-2B cells in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that matrine can improve allergic asthma in mice, and therefore has potential therapeutic potential in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chi Chan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedica Science, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ju Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chen Chen
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-yuan, Taiwan
| | - Jiann-Jong Shen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan; Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Lin-Kuo, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ling Kuo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedica Science, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chun Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate Institute of Biomedica Science, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chian-Jiun Liou
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
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Jin H, Sun Y, Wang S, Cheng X. Matrine activates PTEN to induce growth inhibition and apoptosis in V600EBRAF harboring melanoma cells. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:16040-57. [PMID: 23912239 PMCID: PMC3759898 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140816040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we report a natural chemical Matrine, which exhibits anti-melanoma potential with its PTEN activation mechanism. Matrine effectively inhibited proliferation of several carcinoma cell lines, including melanoma V600EBRAF harboring M21 cells. Flow cytometry analysis showed Matrine induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in M21 cells dose-dependently. Apoptosis in M21 cells induced by Matrine was identified by Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) analysis and Annexin-V/FITC staining. Molecular mechanistic study suggested that Matrine upregulated both mRNA level and protein expression level of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN), leading to inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway. Downregulation of phosphor-Aktser473 by Matrine activated p21 and Bax, which contributed to G0/G1 cell cycle and apoptosis. Besides, Matrine enhanced the PI3K/Akt inhibition effects to inhibit the cell proliferation with PI3K inhibitor, LY2940002. In summary, our findings suggest Matrine is a promising antitumor drug candidate with its possible PTEN activation mechanisms for treating cancer diseases, such as melanomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jin
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; E-Mail:
| | - Yu Sun
- Yue-yang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China; E-Mails: (Y.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Shuiying Wang
- Yue-yang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China; E-Mails: (Y.S.); (S.W.)
| | - Xiaodong Cheng
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; E-Mail:
- Yue-yang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China; E-Mails: (Y.S.); (S.W.)
- East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel./Fax: +86-21-6598-0295
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Chang C, Liu SP, Fang CH, He RS, Wang Z, Zhu YQ, Jiang SW. Effects of matrine on the proliferation of HT29 human colon cancer cells and its antitumor mechanism. Oncol Lett 2013; 6:699-704. [PMID: 24137393 PMCID: PMC3789009 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2013.1449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrine is one of the main active components that is extracted from the dry roots of Sophora flavescens. The compound has potent antitumor activity in various cancer cell lines. However, the anticancer activity of matrine in colon cancer cells remains unclear. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of matrine on the growth of human colon cancer cells and the expression of the associated proteins. Cancer cell proliferation was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). The activation of the caspases and the expression of pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic factors were examined using western blot analysis. Matrine was shown to significantly inhibit the proliferation of HT29 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and also to reduce the percentage of cells in the G2/M phase, which was most frequently associated with an increase of cells arrested in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. Western blot analysis revealed that matrine induced the activation of caspase-3 and -9 and the release of cytochrome C (Cyto C) from the mitochondria to the cytosol. Furthermore, the pro-apoptotic factor, Bax, was upregulated and the anti-apoptotic factor, Bcl-2, was downregulated, eventually leading to a reduction in the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax proteins. The results demonstrated that matrine inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of HT29 human cells in vitro. The induction of apoptosis appears to occur through the upregulation of Bax, the downregulation of Bcl-2, the release of Cyto C from the mitochondria to the cytosol and the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9, which subsequently trigger major apoptotic cascades. Matrine has potent antitumor activity in HT29 cells and may be used as a novel effective reagent in the treatment of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huangshi Central Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, Hubei 435000, P.R. China
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Wang Z, Zhang J, Wang Y, Xing R, Yi C, Zhu H, Chen X, Guo J, Guo W, Li W, Wu L, Lu Y, Liu S. Matrine, a novel autophagy inhibitor, blocks trafficking and the proteolytic activation of lysosomal proteases. Carcinogenesis 2012; 34:128-38. [PMID: 23002236 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgs295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy has been referred to as a double-edged sword in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Emerging evidence suggests that pharmacological modulation of autophagy is a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer. However, few autophagy-modulating compounds are currently approved for clinical use in humans. Matrine is a natural compound extracted from traditional Chinese medicine that is widely used for treatment of a variety of diseases without any obvious side effects. Recently, matrine has been reported to induce autophagy and autophagic cell death in cancer cells, although the underlying mechanisms have yet to be elucidated. Here, we systematically examined the autophagic events induced by matrine in SGC7901 cells. The accumulation of autophagic vacuoles in matrine-treated cells was verified by the conversion of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 as well as confocal and transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, we demonstrated that matrine blocked autophagic degradation by impairing the activities of lysosomal proteases. Moreover, confocal microscopy and gradient ultracentrifugation revealed that the trafficking processes and proteolytic activation of cathepsins were inhibited by matrine. Using a pH sensor probe, we found elevated pH values in endosomes/lysosomes in response to matrine treatment. Therefore, matrine seems to be a novel autophagy inhibitor that can modulate the maturation process of lysosomal proteases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Wang
- Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101318, China
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Alkaloids isolated from natural herbs as the anticancer agents. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:485042. [PMID: 22988474 PMCID: PMC3440018 DOI: 10.1155/2012/485042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Revised: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Alkaloids are important chemical compounds that serve as a rich reservoir for drug discovery. Several alkaloids isolated from natural herbs exhibit antiproliferation and antimetastasis effects on various types of cancers both in vitro and in vivo. Alkaloids, such as camptothecin and vinblastine, have already been successfully developed into anticancer drugs. This paper focuses on the naturally derived alkaloids with prospective anticancer properties, such as berberine, evodiamine, matrine, piperine, sanguinarine, and tetrandrine, and summarizes the mechanisms of action of these compounds. Based on the information in the literature that is summarized in this paper, the use of alkaloids as anticancer agents is very promising, but more research and clinical trials are necessary before final recommendations on specific alkaloids can be made.
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Kanwar JR, Mahidhara G, Kanwar RK. Novel alginate-enclosed chitosan-calcium phosphate-loaded iron-saturated bovine lactoferrin nanocarriers for oral delivery in colon cancer therapy. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2012; 7:1521-50. [PMID: 22734611 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.12.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To develop polymeric-ceramic nanocarriers (NCs) in order to achieve oral delivery of the anticancer neutraceutical iron-saturated bovine lactoferrin (Fe-bLf) protein. MATERIALS & METHODS Fe-bLf or paclitaxel (Taxol®) were adsorbed onto calcium phosphate nanocores, enclosed in biodegradable polymers chitosan and alginate. The Fe-bLf or Taxol-loaded NCs indicated as AEC-CP-Fe-bLf or AEC-CP-Taxol NCs, respectively, were made by combination of ionic gelation and nanoprecipitation. Size distribution, morphology, internalization and release profiles of the NCs were studied along with evaluation of in vitro and in vivo anticancer activities and compared with paclitaxel. RESULTS AEC-CP-Fe-bLf NCs obtained spherical morphology and showed enhanced endocytosis, transcytosis and anticancer activity in Caco-2 cells in vitro. AEC-CP-Fe-bLf NCs were supplemented in an AIN 93G diet and fed to mice in both prevention and treatment human xenograft colon cancer models. AEC-CP-Fe-bLf NCs were found to be highly significantly effective when given orally, as a pretreatment, 1 week before Caco-2 cell injections. None of the mice from the AEC-CP-Fe-bLf NC-fed group developed tumors or showed any signs of toxicity, while the mice fed the control AIN 93G diet showed normal tumor growth. Fe-bLf or Taxol, when given orally in a diet as nanoformulations post-tumor development, showed a significant regression in the tumor size with complete inhibition of tumor growth later, while intratumoral injection of Taxol just delayed the growth of tumors. The pharmacokinetic and bioavailability studies indicated that nanoformulated Fe-bLf was predominantly present on tumor cells compared to non-nanoformulated Fe-bLf. Fe-bLf-loaded NCs were found to help in absorption of iron and thus may have utility in enhancing the iron uptake during iron deficiency without interfering with the absorption of calcium. CONCLUSION With the promising results of our study, the future potential of NC-loaded Fe-bLf in chemoprevention and in the treatment of human colon cancer, deserves further investigation for translational research and preclinical studies of other malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagat R Kanwar
- Nanomedicine-Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biomedical Research, Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong Technology Precinct, Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia.
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Xu Z, Chen X, Fu S, Bao J, Dang Y, Huang M, Chen L, Wang Y. Dehydrocorydaline Inhibits Breast Cancer Cells Proliferation by Inducing Apoptosis in MCF-7 Cells. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2012; 40:177-85. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x12500140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Dehydrocorydaline is an alkaloid isolated from traditional Chinese herb Corydalis yanhusuo W.T. Wang. We discovered that it possessed anti-tumor potential during screening of anti-tumor natural products from Chinese medicine. In this study, its anti-tumor potential was investigated with breast cancer line cells MCF-7 in vitro. The anti-proliferative effect of dehydrocorydaline was determined by MTT assay and the mitochondrial membrane potential (Δ Ψ m) was monitored by JC-1 staining. DNA fragments were visualized by Hoechst 33342 staining and DNA ladder assay. Apoptotic related protein expressions were measured by Western blotting. Dehydrocorydaline significantly inhibited MCF-7 cell proliferation in a dose- dependent manner, which could be reversed by a caspase-8 inhibitor, Z-IETD-FMK. Dehydrocorydaline increased DNA fragments without affecting ΔΨm. Western blotting assay showed that dehydrocorydaline dose-dependently increased Bax protein expression and decreased Bcl-2 protein expression. Furthermore, dehydrocorydaline induced activation of caspase-7,-8 and the cleavage of PARP without affecting caspase-9. These results showed that dehydrocorydaline inhibits MCF-7 cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis mediated by regulating Bax/Bcl-2, activating caspases as well as cleaving PARP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengtao Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau 999078, China
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Xiuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau 999078, China
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Shu Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau 999078, China
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Jiaolin Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau 999078, China
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Yuanye Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau 999078, China
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Mingqing Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau 999078, China
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Lidian Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau 999078, China
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
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Huu Tung N, Du GJ, Wang CZ, Yuan CS, Shoyama Y. Naphthoquinone components from Alkanna tinctoria (L.) Tausch show significant antiproliferative effects on human colorectal cancer cells. Phytother Res 2012; 27:66-70. [PMID: 22473633 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Revised: 02/22/2012] [Accepted: 02/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Our research to seek active compounds against human colorectal cancer from the root of Alkanna tinctoria (L.) Tausch led to the isolation of two naphthoquinones, alkannin (1) and angelylalkannin (2). The antiproliferative effects of the two compounds on human colon cancer cells HCT-116 and SW-480 were determined by the 3,4-(5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium salt (MTS) method. Cell cycle profile and cell apoptosis were determined using flow cytometry. Both of the two compounds showed significant inhibitory effects on the cancer cells. For alkannin (1) and angelylalkannin (2), the median inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values were 2.38 and 4.76 µM for HCT-116 cells, while for SW-480 cells they were 4.53 and 7.03 µM, respectively. The potential antiproliferative mechanisms were also explored. At concentrations between 1-10 µM, both compounds arrested the cell cycle at the G1 phase and induced cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Huu Tung
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859-3298, Japan
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Xia EQ, Cui B, Xu XR, Song Y, Ai XX, Li HB. Microwave-assisted extraction of oxymatrine from Sophora flavescens. Molecules 2011; 16:7391-400. [PMID: 21878859 PMCID: PMC6264219 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16097391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2011] [Revised: 08/15/2011] [Accepted: 08/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) of oxymatrine from Sophora flavescens were studied by HPLC-photodiode array detection. Effects of several experimental parameters, such as concentration of extraction solvent, ratio of liquid to material, microwave power, extraction temperature, and extraction time on the extraction efficiencies of oxymatrine were evaluated. The optimal extraction conditions were 60% ethanol, a 20:1 (v/v) ratio of liquid to material and extraction for 10 min at 50 °C under 500 W microwave irradiation. Under the optimum conditions, the yield of oxymatrine was 14.37 mg/g. The crude extract obtained could be used as either a component of some complex traditional medicines or for further isolation and purification of bioactive compounds. The results, which indicated that MAE is a very useful tool for the extraction of important phytochemicals from plant materials, should prove helpful for the full utilization of Sophora flavescens.
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Affiliation(s)
- En-Qin Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (E.-Q.X.); (B.C.); (Y.S.); (X.-X.A.)
| | - Bo Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (E.-Q.X.); (B.C.); (Y.S.); (X.-X.A.)
| | - Xiang-Rong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (X.-R.X.)
| | - Yang Song
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (E.-Q.X.); (B.C.); (Y.S.); (X.-X.A.)
| | - Xu-Xia Ai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (E.-Q.X.); (B.C.); (Y.S.); (X.-X.A.)
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (E.-Q.X.); (B.C.); (Y.S.); (X.-X.A.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +86-20-8733-2391; Fax: +86-20-8733-0446
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Kanwar JR, Mahidhara G, Kanwar RK. Antiangiogenic therapy using nanotechnological-based delivery system. Drug Discov Today 2011; 16:188-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2011.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2010] [Revised: 11/19/2010] [Accepted: 01/14/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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