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Shariat Razavi F, Kouchak M, Sistani Karampour N, Mahdavinia M, Nazari Khorasgani Z, Rezaie A, Rahbar N. AS1411aptamer conjugated liposomes for targeted delivery of arsenic trioxide in mouse xenograft model of melanoma cancer. J Liposome Res 2024; 34:288-302. [PMID: 37843918 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2023.2271046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Development of AS1411aptamer-conjugated liposomes for targeted delivery of arsenic trioxide is the primary goal of this study. AS1411aptamer was used as ligand to target nucleolin, which is highly expressed on the surface of melanoma cancer cells. The targeted liposomes were constructed by the thin film method, and arsenic trioxide was loaded as cobalt (II) hydrogen arsenite (CHA) to increase the loading efficiency and stability of the liposomes. The liposomal structure was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). In addition, particle sizes and zeta potential of the CHA-loaded liposomes (CHAL) and aptamer-functionalized CHA-loaded liposomes (AP-CHAL) were determined. In vitro cytotoxicity of CHAL and AP-CHAL were evaluated using MTT assay in murine melanoma (B16) and mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cell lines. The encapsulation efficiency of CHAL and AP-CHAL was reported as 60.2 ± 6.5% and 58.7 ± 4.2%, respectively. In vivo antitumor activity of CHAL and AP-CHAL in the B16 tumor-xenograft mouse model was dramatically observed. All mice of both groups survived until the end of treatment and showed body weight gain. The tumor protrusion completely disappeared in 50% of the mice in these groups. Furthermore, histopathology studies demonstrated that CHAL and AP-CHAL did not induce significant toxicity in healthy mice tissues. However, unlike the CHAL group, which showed an initial increase in tumor volume, a specific antitumor effect was observed in the AP-CHAL group from the beginning of treatment. The results showed that AP-CHAL can be used as an effective drug delivery system with high potential in the treatment of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Shariat Razavi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Kouchak
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Neda Sistani Karampour
- Marine Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Masoud Mahdavinia
- Toxicology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Zahra Nazari Khorasgani
- Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Annahita Rezaie
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Nadereh Rahbar
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Chen J, Chen S, Luo H, Wu W, Wang S. The application of arsenic trioxide in cancer: An umbrella review of meta-analyses based on randomized controlled trials. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023:116734. [PMID: 37290735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Processed from natural minerals, arsenic trioxide (ATO) as an ancient Chinese medicine has been used to treat diseases for over 2000 years. And it was applied to treat acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) since the 1970s in China. Summarizing the clinical evidence of ATO in cancer is conducive to further understanding, development, and promotion of its pharmacological research. AIM OF THE STUDY It is the first time to comprehensively assess and summarize the evidence of ATO in cancer treatment via umbrella review. MATERIALS AND METHODS 8 databases in English or Chinese from their inception to February 21, 2023 were searched by two reviewers separately and suitable meta-analyses (MAs) were included in this umbrella review. Their methodological quality and risk of bias were evaluated and data of outcomes was extracted and pooled again. The evidence certainty of pooled results was classified. RESULTS 17 MAs with 27 outcomes and seven comparisons in three cancers were included in this umbrella review. However, their methodological quality was unsatisfactory with 6 MAs as low quality and 12 MAs as critically low quality. Their shortcomings were mainly focused on protocol, literature selecting, bias risk, small sample study bias, and conflicts of interest or funding. And they were all assessed as high risk in bias. It was suggested that ATO had an advantage in enhancing complete remission rate, event-free survival, and recurrence free survival and decreasing recurrence rate, cutaneous toxicity, hyper leukocyte syndrome, tretinoin syndrome, edema and hepatotoxicity in different comparisons of APL with low or moderate certainty. Besides, compared with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) alone, ATO plus TACE also could improve objective response rate, disease control rate, survival rate (0.5, 1, 2, and 3-year) and life quality and reduce the level of alpha fetoprotein in primarily hepatocellular carcinoma with low or moderate certainty. However, no significant results were found in MM. Finally, key findings were as followed. ATO has potential broad-spectrum anticancer effects but the clinical transformation is rarely achieved. Route of administration may affect the antitumor effects of ATO. ATO can act synergistically in combination with a variety of antitumor therapies. The safety and drug resistance of ATO should be paid more attention to. CONCLUSIONS ATO may be a promising drug in anticancer treatment although earlier RCTs have dragged down the level of evidence. However, high-quality clinical trials are expected to explore its broad-spectrum anticancer effects, wide application, appropriate route of administration, and compound dosage form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixin Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Department of Oncology, Clinical and Basic Research Team of TCM Prevention and Treatment of NSCLC, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, PR China
| | - Shuqi Chen
- Department of Acupuncture, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, PR China
| | - Huiyan Luo
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, PR China
| | - Wanyin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Department of Oncology, Clinical and Basic Research Team of TCM Prevention and Treatment of NSCLC, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, PR China.
| | - Sumei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Department of Oncology, Clinical and Basic Research Team of TCM Prevention and Treatment of NSCLC, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, PR China.
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Wang J, Liu YM, Hu J, Chen C. Potential of natural products in combination with arsenic trioxide: Investigating cardioprotective effects and mechanisms. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114464. [PMID: 37060657 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past few decades, clinical trials conducted worldwide have demonstrated the efficacy of arsenic trioxide (ATO) in the treatment of relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Currently, ATO has become the frontline treatments for patients with APL. However, its therapeutic applicability is severely constrained by ATO-induced cardiac side effects. Any cardioprotective agents that can ameliorate the cardiac side effects and allow exploiting the full therapeutic potential of ATO, undoubtedly gain significant attention. The knowledge and use of natural products for evidence-based therapy have grown rapidly in recent years. Here we discussed the potential mechanism of ATO-induced cardiac side effects and reviewed the studies on cardiac side effects as well as the research history of ATO in the treatment of APL. Then, We summarized the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of natural products in the treatment of ATO-induced cardiac side effects. Based on the efficacy and safety of the natural product, it has a promising future in the development of cardioprotective agents against ATO-induced cardiac side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yong-Mei Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Cong Chen
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
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Che ST, Bie L, Li X, Qi H, Yu P, Zuo L. Parthenolide inhibits the proliferation and induces the apoptosis of human uveal melanoma cells. Int J Ophthalmol 2019; 12:1531-1538. [PMID: 31637187 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2019.10.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore the effect of parthenolide (PTL) on human uveal melanoma (UM) cells (C918 and SP6.5 cells) and its molecular mechanism. METHODS Carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl amino ester (CFSE) assays and cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) were performed to detect the cell viability. Flow cytometry was used to analyze cell cycle and apoptosis. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot assays were performed to measure proliferation-related and apoptosis-related factors. RESULTS Firstly, PTL decreased the viability of C918 and SP6.5 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and the effect of PTL on C918 cells was stronger than on SP6.5; however, it did not affect normal cells. Secondly, PTL increased the proportion of cell number at cell cycle G1 phase in C918 cells, and decreased the proportion of cell number at S phase, but the proportion did not change at G2 phase. In addition, PTL induced the apoptosis of C918 cells, and decreased the expressions of Cyclin D1, B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-XL). Also, PTL increased Cyclin inhibition protein 1 (P21), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), Cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinas-3 (Caspase-3) and Caspase-9 expression. However, the expression of Caspase-8 was not changed. CONCLUSION PTL inhibites proliferation and induces apoptosis in UM cells by arresting G1 phase and regulating mitochondrial pathway, however, it does not affect normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Tian Che
- Department of Ocular Fundus Disease, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130022, Jilin Province, China
| | - Li Bie
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130022, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Ocular Fundus Disease, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130022, Jilin Province, China
| | - Hui Qi
- Department of Ocular Fundus Disease, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130022, Jilin Province, China
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Ocular Fundus Disease, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130022, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ling Zuo
- Department of Ocular Fundus Disease, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130022, Jilin Province, China
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Chen AYY, Olsen T. Chromated copper arsenate-treated wood: a potential source of arsenic exposure and toxicity in dermatology. Int J Womens Dermatol 2016; 2:28-30. [PMID: 28491998 PMCID: PMC5412102 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijwd.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic-contaminated drinking water presents a serious health hazard in certain geographic locations around the world. Chromated copper arsenate, a pesticide and preservative that was used to pressure treat residential lumber in the United States beginning in the 1940s and was banned by the Environmental Protection Agency in 2003, poses a potential source of arsenic exposure and toxicity. In this study, we review the clinical manifestations of arsenic intoxication with the focus on dermatologic manifestations. Dermatologists should be aware that although chromated copper arsenate-treated wood for residential use was banned in 2003, the exposure risk remains. Long-term follow up is necessary to detect arsenic induced cutaneous and visceral malignancy in patients with history of arsenic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Yuntzu-Yen Chen
- Department of Dermatology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Canton, CT
| | - Thomas Olsen
- Dermatopathology Laboratory of Central States, Dayton, OH
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King YA, Chiu YJ, Chen HP, Kuo DH, Lu CC, Yang JS. Endoplasmic reticulum stress contributes to arsenic trioxide-induced intrinsic apoptosis in human umbilical and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2016; 31:314-328. [PMID: 25258189 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide is an old drug and has been used for a long time in traditional Chinese and Western medicines. However, the cancer treatment of arsenic trioxide has heart and vascular toxicity. The cytotoxic effects of arsenic trioxide and its molecular mechanism in human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSC) and human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HMSC-bm) were investigated in this study. Our results showed that arsenic trioxide significantly reduced the viability of HUMSC and HMSC-bm in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Arsenic trioxide is able to induce apoptotic cell death in HUMSC and HMSC-bm, as shown from the results of morphological examination, flow cytometric analyses, DAPI staining and comet assay. The appearance of arsenic trioxide also led to an increase of intracellular free calcium (Ca(2+) ) concentration and the disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). The caspase-9 and caspase-3 activities were time-dependently increased in arsenic trioxide-treated HUMSC and HMSC-bm. In addition, the proteomic analysis and DNA microarray were carried out to investigate the expression level changes of genes and proteins affected by arsenic trioxide treatment in HUMSC. Our results suggest that arsenic trioxide induces a prompt induction of ER stress and mitochondria-modulated apoptosis in HUMSC and HMSC-bm. A framework was proposed for the effect of arsenic trioxide cytotoxicity by targeting ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yih-An King
- Department of Dermatology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Chiu
- Division of Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Ping Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Daih-Huang Kuo
- Department of Pharmacy and Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Tajen University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Cheng Lu
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Arsenic trioxide induces cervical cancer apoptosis, but specifically targets human papillomavirus-infected cell populations. Anticancer Drugs 2013; 23:280-7. [PMID: 22245994 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0b013e32834f1fd3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Human papillomavirus (HPV) is directly associated with the occurrence and development of cervical cancer. Targeting HPV infection has become the priority in treatment and prevention. Some treatment strategies have shown a limited therapeutic potential in suppressing and reversing the oncogenic effects of HPVs, but are compromised by the toxicity, immune suppression and the expense. Arsenic trioxide (As2O3) has shown therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of haematological and solid cancer and has been demonstrated to effectively induce apoptosis of HPV-infected cervical cancer cells in vitro. Here, we examined the effects and possible molecular pathway of As2O3-induced apoptosis in HPV-infected and noninfected cervical cancer cells. METHODS As2O3 was added to HPV-infected cell lines HeLa and CaSki and the HPV-negative cell line C33A at concentrations from 1 to 10 µmol/l. Cell proliferation rates were evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays after exposure. Expressions of tumour suppressor gene p53, activated caspase-3 and cell cycle distribution were evaluated in relation to HPV-E6 protein expression by confocal microscopy immunofluorescent staining and flow cytometry. RESULTS As2O3 reduced cell populations by 16% in C33A but by 48-60% in HPV-infected cell lines CaSki and HeLa. The expression of HPV-E6 proteins was drastically down-regulated in a dose-dependent manner, whereas p53 and activated caspase-3 expressions increased in the HPV-infected cell lines. Flow cytometry demonstrated cell cycle arrest in S-G2/M phases, and increasing apoptotic bodies were seen in HPV-infected lines only. CONCLUSION As2O3, at low concentrations, inhibited HPV-E6 protein expression, leading to up-regulated p53 levels, induced S to G2/M arrest and apoptosis.
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α-Mangostin induces mitochondrial dependent apoptosis in human hepatoma SK-Hep-1 cells through inhibition of p38 MAPK pathway. Apoptosis 2013; 18:1548-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-013-0888-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Li C, Qu X, Xu W, Qu N, Mei L, Liu Y, Wang X, Yu X, Liu Z, Nie D, Liu Y, Yan J, Yang B, Lu Y, Chu W. Arsenic trioxide induces cardiac fibroblast apoptosis in vitro and in vivo by up-regulating TGF-β1 expression. Toxicol Lett 2013; 219:223-30. [PMID: 23542815 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Revised: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (As2O3; ATO) is clinically effective in treating acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL); however, it frequently causes cardiotoxic effects. This study was designed to investigate whether ATO could induce apoptosis of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) that play very important roles in maintaining the structure integrity and function of the heart. Cardiac fibroblasts from guinea pigs administered with ATO (1mg/kgbw) were used to test the pro-apoptotic role of ATO in vivo. The current study demonstrated that ATO induced morphological characteristics of apoptosis and Caspase-3 activation in CFs of guinea pigs along with a significant up-regulation in TGF-β1 protein expression, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. In vitro MTT assay showed that ATO remarkably reduced the viability of cultured cardiac fibroblasts (NRCFs) from neonatal rat in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Consistent with the notions in vivo, ATO significantly induced the apoptosis in NRCFs, dramatically up-regulated TGF-β1 protein level and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in a time-dependent fashion and activated Caspase-3 and ERK1/2. Finally, pretreatment with LY364947, an inhibitor of TGF-β signaling could apparently reverse these changes. We therefore conclude that TGF-β is functionally linked to ERK1/2 and that TGF-β signaling is responsible for ATO-induced CFs apoptosis, which provides a novel mechanism of ATO related cardiac toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Li
- Department of Pharmacology (The State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
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Wang CZ, He H, Wang X, Yuan CS. Trends in Scientific Publications of Chinese Medicine. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2012; 40:1099-108. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x12500814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an important component of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). The fast economic growth of mainland China in the past two decades has promoted the use of TCM beyond Chinese-speaking countries. Chinese researchers have published more TCM research studies in CAM-related professional journals, including the American Journal of Chinese Medicine (AJCM), the highest impact journal in Chinese medicine. The consistent increase of the impact factor of the AJCM suggests a growth in TCM popularity. This study analyzed articles published in the AJCM between 2004 and 2011. Our data show that while enthusiasm towards cardiovascular, nervous system and inflammation related research remained high, more herbal investigations and cancer studies were published. Furthermore, a reduction in TCM formulation studies was replaced by increasing botanical single constituent research. Examples of frequently cited studies, including those before 2004, are presented. These data are not only important to the scientific community for recognition of trends in TCM research, but also for providing information to TCM researchers who are targeting potentially highly cited studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Zhi Wang
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Hui He
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Chun-Su Yuan
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
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Kim E, Kim M, Sung K, Hyun J, Jang J, Kim K. Effect of topical dimethylarsinic acid on the expression of apoptosis-related proteins in mouse skin. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2012; 88:672-677. [PMID: 22246474 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-012-0520-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2011] [Accepted: 01/05/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of the topical application of dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) on skin thickness and the expression of several apoptosis-related proteins in skin. After administration of DMA during pregnancy, skin thickness and skin expression of Bcl-2, Bcl-3, Bad, Bid, and caspases-3, -6, -8, -9, and -12 were examined in dams and their offspring. DMA treatment caused significant increases in skin thickness (p < 0.05) and the expression of Bcl-2, Bad, and capase-12 in the skin of dams at the mRNA and protein levels (p < 0.01). However, maternal exposure to DMA did not significantly alter the expression of the studied apoptosis-related factors in the skin of the offspring. These findings indicate that DMA may induce skin apoptosis, in part, by modulating the expression of Bcl-2, Bad, and caspase-12 in maternal skin. Additionally, our results suggest that maternal exposure to DAM during pregnancy may not induce apoptosis in the skin of the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunju Kim
- Department of Health Management, Gimcheon University, Gimcheon, 740-704, Republic of Korea
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Wang CZ, Du GJ, Zhang Z, Wen XD, Calway T, Zhen Z, Musch MW, Bissonnette M, Chang EB, Yuan CS. Ginsenoside compound K, not Rb1, possesses potential chemopreventive activities in human colorectal cancer. Int J Oncol 2012; 40:1970-6. [PMID: 22426808 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2012.1399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Accepted: 11/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ginsenoside compound K (C-K) is an intestinal microbiota metabolite of ginsenoside Rb1, a major constituent in American ginseng. However, previous ginseng anti-cancer observations were largely focused on ginseng parent compounds but not metabolites, and anti-colorectal cancer studies on C-K were limited. This study investigated the anti-proliferative effects of C-K when compared to those of Rb1, and the related mechanisms of action, in HCT-116 and SW-480 colorectal cancer cells. The effects of Rb1 and C-K on the proliferation of HCT-116 and SW-480 human colorectal cancer cells were compared using an MTS assay. Cell cycle and cell apoptosis were assayed using flow cytometry. Enzymatic activities of caspases were determined by colorimetric assay, and interactions of C-K and caspases were explored by docking analysis. C-K showed significant anti-proliferative effects in HCT-116 and SW-480 cells at concentrations of 30-50 µM. At the same concentrations, Rb1 did not show any effects, while C-K arrested the cells in the G1 phase, and significantly induced cell apoptosis. Compared to HCT-116 (p53 wild-type), the p53 mutant cell line SW-480 was more sensitive to C-K as assessed by cell cycle regulation and apoptosis induction. C-K activated expression of caspases 8 and 9, consistent with docking analysis. The docking data suggested that C-K forms hydrogen bonds with Lys253, Thr904 and Gly362 in caspase 8, and with Thr62, Ser63 and Arg207 in caspase 9. C-K, but not its parent ginsenoside Rb1, showed significant anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects in human colorectal cancer cells. These results suggest that C-K could be a potentially effective anti-colorectal cancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Zhi Wang
- Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, and Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Gao L, Gao Y, Li X, Howell P, Kumar R, Su X, Vlassov AV, Piazza GA, Riker AI, Sun D, Xi Y. Aquaporins mediate the chemoresistance of human melanoma cells to arsenite. Mol Oncol 2012; 6:81-7. [PMID: 22130551 PMCID: PMC5528380 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2011.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Revised: 11/03/2011] [Accepted: 11/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The integral membrane channel protein aquaporin (AQP) is aberrantly expressed with oncogenic characteristics in various human cancers. In this study, we analyzed the expression pattern of all subtypes of AQPs, and found that 8 out of 13 AQPs expressed in melanoma cells. To understand the role of aberrant expression of AQP in this disease, we over-expressed AQP3 and AQP9 in human melanoma WM266.4 cells and found that both AQPs significantly increased the chemoresistance of WM266.4 cells to arsenite. Functional studies showed that AQP3 and AQP9 can inhibit cell apoptosis induced by arsenite through down-regulating p53 and up-regulating Bcl-2 and XIAP. Our data suggest the implication of APQ in melanoma progression and that the over-expression of AQP3 and AQP9 contributes to the chemoresistance of melanoma to arsenite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Gao
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
| | - Yanhui Gao
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
| | - Paul Howell
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
| | - Rajeev Kumar
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
| | - Xiulan Su
- Clinical Medical Research Center of the Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical College, Hohhot 010050, China
| | | | - Gary A. Piazza
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
| | - Adam I. Riker
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Advocate Cancer Institute, Oak Lawn, IL 60453, USA
| | - Dianjun Sun
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yaguang Xi
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36604, USA
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Arsenic trioxide-induced apoptosis in TM4 Sertoli cells: the potential involvement of p21 expression and p53 phosphorylation. Toxicology 2011; 285:142-51. [PMID: 21565247 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2011.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2011] [Revised: 04/23/2011] [Accepted: 04/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic is a toxic metalloid that exists ubiquitously in the environment, and exhibits carcinogenicity. Conversely, arsenic trioxide (AsTO) has successfully been employed in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). It has been shown that AsTO efficiently induces apoptosis in the malignant cells of APL in vitro. Although the mechanisms underlying AsTO-induced apoptosis in certain types of cancer cells, such as APL cells, have been delineated, the mechanism underlying AsTO-induced cell death in non-cancer cells remains unknown. In the present study, we examined AsTO-provoked cytotoxicity and cell death mechanism(s) in TM4 Sertoli cells. Exposure of these cells to AsTO generates reactive oxygen species and alters mitochondrial apoptosis, inducing cell death via both caspase-dependent and caspase-independent pathways. AsTO-induced apoptosis was concomitant with the downregulation of p53, phosphorylation of p53 at serine residues, and G2/M cell cycle arrest. Particularly, the interaction of p21 with caspase-3 proteins during AsTO treatment suggested an antiapoptotic role of p21 against genotoxic stresses in TM4 Sertoli cells. However, clinically relevant concentrations of AsTO failed to induce cell death in TM4 Sertoli cells, indicating that these cells could be resistant to cancer treatment. The results presented herein may not represent the actual effect of AsTO on Sertoli cells in vivo. Thus, further studies on the exposure effects of AsTO on the morphology and function of Sertoli cells in animal experiments will provide a more precise knowledge of AsTO cytotoxicity on male reproduction.
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