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Fang L, Zheng X, Sun Z, Li Y, Deng J, Zhou YI. Characterization of a Plant Growth-Promoting Endohyphal Bacillus subtilis in Fusarium acuminatum from Spiranthes sinensis. Pol J Microbiol 2023; 72:29-37. [PMID: 36929887 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2023-007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Successful seed germination and seedling growth in orchids require an association with mycorrhizal fungi. An endophytic Fusarium fungal strain YZU 172038 exhibiting plant growth-promoting (PGP) ability was isolated from the roots of Spiranthes sinensis (Orchidaceae). The harboring endohyphal bacteria were detected in the hypha by SYTO-9 fluorescent nucleic acid staining, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and PCR amplification of the 16S rDNA gene's region. Consequently, one endohyphal bacterium (EHB) - a strain YZSR384 was isolated and identified as Bacillus subtilis based on morphology, phylogenetic analysis, and genomic information. The results indicated that the strain YZSR384 could significantly promote the growth of rice roots and shoots similar to its host fungus. Its indole acetic acid (IAA) production reached a maximum of 23.361 μg/ml on the sixth day after inoculation. The genome annotation revealed several genes involved in PGP traits, including the clusters of genes encoding the IAA (trpABCDEFS), the siderophores (entABCE), and the dissolving phosphate (pstABCS and phoABDHPR). As an EHB, B. subtilis was first isolated from endophytic Fusarium acuminatum from S. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Fang
- 1College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- 1College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Zhengxiang Sun
- 1College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- 2Tobacco Research Institute of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianxin Deng
- 1College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Y I Zhou
- 1College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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Kotsos D, Tziomalos K. Microsomal Prostaglandin E Synthase-1 and -2: Emerging Targets in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24033049. [PMID: 36769370 PMCID: PMC9918023 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24033049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects a substantial proportion of the general population and is even more prevalent in obese and diabetic patients. NAFLD, and particularly the more advanced manifestation of the disease, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), increases the risk for both liver-related and cardiovascular morbidity. The pathogenesis of NAFLD is complex and multifactorial, with many molecular pathways implicated. Emerging data suggest that microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 and -2 might participate in the development and progression of NAFLD. It also appears that targeting these enzymes might represent a novel therapeutic approach for NAFLD. In the present review, we discuss the association between microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 and -2 and NAFLD.
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Kuo YJ, Pei JK, Chao WW. Pharmacological and Chemical Potential of Spiranthes sinensis (Orchidaceae): A Narrative Review. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11131692. [PMID: 35807644 PMCID: PMC9269428 DOI: 10.3390/plants11131692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Orchidaceae is one of the largest families of flowering plants with more than 27,000 accepted species, and more than 31,000–35,000 species are estimated to exist in total. The orchid Spiranthes sinensis (Pers.) Ames, having ornamental and medicinal value, is widely distributed throughout Asia and Oceania. S. sinensis (Shou Tsao) is also known as Panlongshen among the common folk herbs. It has a fleshy root similar to ginseng, and the entire plant is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine. Owing to overexploitation and habitat destruction in recent years, the wild population has become scarce. The traits of this species show obvious differences in different countries. In the Taiwanese climate, it flowers during the Ching Ming Festival, also called the ching ming tsao. Previous investigations into S. sinensis have revealed the presence of flavonoids, homocyclotirucallane, dihydrophenanthrenes, ferulic acid, and 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde. Phenolic constituents of structural and biological interest, including phenanthrenes and flavonoids, have been isolated and identified from S. sinensis. This natural product possesses extensive bioactivity, including anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. In this review, we outline the herbal medicine formulations and plant-derived natural products of S. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jen Kuo
- Department of Health Wellness and Marketing, Kainan University, 1 Kainan Rd., Shinshing, Luchu, Taoyuan 33857, Taiwan; (Y.-J.K.); (J.-K.P.)
| | - Jin-Kuo Pei
- Department of Health Wellness and Marketing, Kainan University, 1 Kainan Rd., Shinshing, Luchu, Taoyuan 33857, Taiwan; (Y.-J.K.); (J.-K.P.)
| | - Wen-Wan Chao
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Kainan University, 1 Kainan Rd., Shinshing, Luchu, Taoyuan 33857, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-3412500 (ext. 6250)
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Patangrao Renushe A, Kumar Banothu A, Kumar Bharani K, Mekala L, Mahesh Kumar J, Neeradi D, Durga Veera Hanuman D, Gadige A, Khurana A. Vincamine, an active constituent of Vinca rosea ameliorates experimentally induced acute lung injury in Swiss albino mice through modulation of Nrf-2/NF-κB signaling cascade. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 108:108773. [PMID: 35453074 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is one of the leading pulmonary inflammatory disorders causing significant morbidity and mortality. Vincamine is a novel phytochemical with promising anti-inflammatory properties. In the current work, the protective effect of vincamine was studied in vitro (Raw 264.7 macrophages) and in vivo against lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced ALI in Swiss albino mice. Vincamine significantly reduced nitrite and TNF-α release from the LPS stimulated macrophages and increased the levels of IL-10, indicating potent anti-inflammatory effects. It was observed that vincamine at the dose of 40 mg/kg, significantly reduced LPS induced inflammatory cell count in blood and in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. Further, vincamine exerted potent suppression of inflammation by reducing the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, while significantly increased (p < 0.001) the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10 and IL-22). Interestingly, histological changes were reversed in vincamine treated groups in a dose-dependent manner. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed significantly enhanced expression of NF-κB, TNF-α and COX-2 while reduced expression of Nrf-2 in disease control group, which were significantly (p < 0.001) ameliorated by vincamine. We, to the best of our knowledge, report for the first time that vincamine possesses protective potential against LPS induced inflammation and oxidative stress, possibly by inhibiting the NF-κB cascade, while positively regulating the Nrf-2 pathway. These findings are of potential relevance for COVID-19 management concerning the fact that lung injury and ARDS are its critical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshata Patangrao Renushe
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science (CVSc), PVNRTVU, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500030, Telangana, India
| | - Anil Kumar Banothu
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science (CVSc), PVNRTVU, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500030, Telangana, India.
| | - Kala Kumar Bharani
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science (CVSc), PVNRTVU, Warangal - 506166, Telangana, India
| | - Lakshman Mekala
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science (CVSc), PVNRTVU, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500030, Telangana, India
| | - Jerald Mahesh Kumar
- Animal House, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) - Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Habsiguda, Hyderabad - 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Dinesh Neeradi
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science (CVSc), PVNRTVU, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500030, Telangana, India
| | - Donga Durga Veera Hanuman
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science (CVSc), PVNRTVU, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500030, Telangana, India
| | - Ambica Gadige
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Science (CVSc), PVNRTVU, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500030, Telangana, India
| | - Amit Khurana
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science (CVSc), PVNRTVU, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500030, Telangana, India; Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science (CVSc), PVNRTVU, Warangal - 506166, Telangana, India; Centre for Biomedical Engineering (CBME), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi - 110016, India.
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Zhao D, Zhang X, Feng Y, Bian Y, Fu Z, Wu Y, Ma Y, Li C, Wang J, Dai J, Fu Y, Lin S, Hu J. Taurine Alleviates LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Suppressing TLR-4/NF-κB Pathway. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1370:63-72. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-93337-1_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Jin X, Gao X, Lan M, Li CN, Sun JM, Zhang H. Study the mechanism of peimisine derivatives on NF-κB inflammation pathway on mice with acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide. Chem Biol Drug Des 2021; 99:717-726. [PMID: 34939324 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Peimisine is one of the alkaloids in Fritillariae ussuriensis Bulbus, which has anti-acute lung injury effect. In order to obtain compounds with superior bio-activity, 14 new derivatives were obtained from peimisine, and the better activity compounds were screened by MTT method. It was found that boc-leucine mono peimisine ester monoamide (compound G, 25 μg/ml) had increased cell survival rate and reduced the TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and iNOS levels in RAW 264.7 by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated. In vivo, LPS (10 mg/kg) was given intraperitoneally to establish ALI model, and compound G (2.5 or 10 mg/kg) was injected into mice as the experimental group. The results showed that after the compound G (10 mg/kg) treatment, the Wet / Dry ratio of the lung was reduced, and the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and iNOS was inhibited. Meanwhile, compound G (10 mg/kg) could increase the content of IκB protein and reduce the content of p65 protein in lung tissue by Western blot analysis, which may play an anti-acute lung injury role by inhibiting the activity of NF-κB signaling pathway. In conclusion, compound G could attenuate LPS-induced ALI in mice and it may become a new approach to treat ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jin
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xu Gao
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Meng Lan
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chun-Nan Li
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jia-Ming Sun
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Zou M, Wang R, Yin Q, Liu L. Bioassay-guided isolation and identification of anti-Alzheimer’s active compounds from Spiranthes sinensis (Pers.) Ames. Med Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-021-02777-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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8
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Protective effects of Clostridium butyricum against oxidative stress induced by food processing and lipid-derived aldehydes in Caco-2 cells. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:9343-9361. [PMID: 32965561 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10896-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The human body is almost always facing the oxidative stress caused by foodborne aldehydes such as glyoxal (GO) and methylglyoxal (MGO), 4-hydroxyhexenal (HHE), and 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE). When these aldehydes build up, they can cause a range of harm. However, a probiotic, Clostridium butyricum, can increase nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) and may have the potential to relieve oxidative stress. If C. butyricum is indeed resistant to aldehydes, the advantages (accessibility, convenience, and safety) will be of great significance compared with drugs. Unfortunately, whether C. butyricum can play a role in alleviating toxic effects of foodborne aldehydes in the intestine (the first line of defense against food-derived toxin) was unclear. To investigate these, we measured the viability, ROS, autophagy, and inflammatory cytokine expression of Caco-2 which were co-cultured with C. butyricum and stimulated by the four aldehydes via Nrf2 pathway (Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecium as controls). Then, we explored the link among C. butyricum, NLRP6, and Nrf2 signaling pathways when facing the stimuli. In the present study, we demonstrated that Clostridium butyricum relieved the oxidative stress induced by the aldehydes in Caco-2. Most interestingly, we found a "complementary" relationship between NLRP6 and Nrf2 in C. butyricum treatment under aldehyde stress. Our research not only makes a contribution to the popularization of C. butyricum as a probiotic-rich food instead of medicines but also sheds new light on the application of subsequent microecological formulation of C. butyricum. KEY POINTS: • The adverse effects are caused in a dose-dependent manner by foodborne aldehydes. • Clostridium butyricum can significantly ameliorate oxidative stress. • There is a "complementary" relationship between the NLRP6 and Nrf2 signaling pathways. • Using Clostridium butyricum foods to alleviate oxidative stress shows great prospects.
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Sinensol-C Isolated from Spiranthes sinensis Inhibits Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Cells through the Regulation of Adipogenic Transcription Factors and AMPK Activation. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184204. [PMID: 32937822 PMCID: PMC7570537 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an abnormal medical condition caused by accumulation of body fat that presents negative health impacts. Adipocyte hyperplasia, also known as adipogenesis, is one of the major manifestations of obesity. In the present study, we isolated six phenanthrene derivatives (compounds 1–6) from the ethyl acetate fraction of Spiranthes sinensis and investigated their anti-adipogenic activity. We found that among the six phenanthrene derivatives, compound 6 (sinensol-C) exhibited strong inhibitory activity against intracellular lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, with an IC50 value of 12.67 μM. Sinensol-C remarkably suppressed the accumulation of lipid droplets and adipogenesis, via down-regulation of adipogenic transcription factors, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα), sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP-1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4), during adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells. In addition, treatment with sinensol-C significantly increased the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity in 3T3-L1 cells. Taken together, these data strongly suggest that sinensol-C regulates adiogenesis via down-regulation of adipogenic transcription factors and up-regulation of AMPK. Furthermore, this is the first study that demonstrates that sinensol-C has the capacity to modulate adipogenesis.
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Chen JJ, Deng JS, Huang CC, Li PY, Liang YC, Chou CY, Huang GJ. p-Coumaric-Acid-Containing Adenostemma lavenia Ameliorates Acute Lung Injury by Activating AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling and Improving the Anti-oxidant Response. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2019; 47:1483-1506. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x19500769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Adenostemma lavenia is a perennial herb belonging to the Compositae family and is widely distributed in the tropical parts of Asia. It has been widely used as medicine in Taiwan with the whole plant used to treat pulmonary congestion, pneumonia, bacterial infections of the respiratory tract, edema, and inflammation. This study sought to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of A. lavenia in vitro and in animal models. The anti-inflammatory effects of ethyl acetate fractions of A. lavenia (EAAL) were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) murine macrophages (RAW 264.7) and lung injury in mice. EAAL reduced proinflammatory cytokine responses. Preoral EAAL alleviated LPS-induced histological alterations in lung tissue and inhibited the infiltration of inflammatory cells and protein concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). EAAL prevented protein expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2); phosphorylation of I[Formula: see text]B-[Formula: see text], MAPKs, and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK); and activated anti-oxidant enzymes (catalase, SOD, and GPx), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in LPS-stimulated cells and lung tissues. Fingerprinting of EAAL was performed with HPLC to control its quality, and [Formula: see text]-coumaric acid was found to be a major constituent. This study suggests that EAAL is a potential therapeutic agent to treat inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Jung Chen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Taichung Branch, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Shyan Deng
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chun Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Taichung Branch, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ying Li
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chia Liang
- School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Che-Yi Chou
- Division of Nephrology, Asia University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Jhong Huang
- School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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The anti-carcinogenesis properties of erianin in the modulation of oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis and immune response in liver cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:10284-10300. [PMID: 31754081 PMCID: PMC6914393 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, erianin was found to reduce the viability of cancer cells, inhibit their proliferation and migration, induce G2/M phase arrest, enhance cancer cell apoptosis, promote an increase in levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species and a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, and regulate the expression levels of anti- and pro-apoptosis-related proteins in HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells. Erianin inhibited tumor growth in HepG2- and SMMC-7721-xenograft tumor nude mouse models, reduced the expression levels of anti-apoptosis proteins and enhanced the expression levels of pro-apoptosis proteins in tumor tissues. Erianin inhibited tumor growth in immunosuppressed BALB/c mice bearing heterotopic tumors. Among 111 types of cytokines detected in proteome profiling of tumor tissues, erianin substantially influenced levels of 38 types of cytokines in HepG2-xenografted tumors and of 15 types of cytokines in SMMC-7721-xenografted tumors, most of which are related to immune functions. Erianin strongly affected the serum levels of cytokines, and regulated the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and the expression levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its downstream proteins in spleen. The anti-liver cancer properties of erianin were found to be related mostly to its modulation of oxidative stress-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis and immune response.
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Fan J, Huang MY. Chloroplast genome structure and phylogeny of Spiranthes sinensis, an endangered medicinal orchid plant. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2019; 4:2994-2996. [PMID: 33365826 PMCID: PMC7706474 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1664345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spiranthes sinensis is an important medicinal plant of Spiranthes family and is currently in an endangered state. To better guide the systematic classification of S. sinensis, the complete genome of its chloroplast was sequenced and characterized. The complete chloroplast genome is 152,786 bp in length and contains a large single copy (LSC) region of 83,446 bp, a small single copy (SSC) region of 17,938 bp, and two inverted repeat (IRA and IRB) regions of 25,701 bp. The genome encodes 132 genes (112 unique genes), including 86 protein-coding genes (78 unique genes), 8 rRNA genes (4 unique genes), and 38 tRNA genes (30 unique genes). The total GC content of plasmid genome is 36.18%. Phylogenetic results indicated that S. sinensis is more closely related to Ludisia discolor, Goodyera schlechtendaliana, Goodyera fumata, and Goodyera procera. The study enriches the plasmid genomic information of S. sinensis and is of great significance for the genetic protection of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Fan
- College of Life Sciences, Leshan Normal University, Leshan, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Yuan Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Leshan Normal University, Leshan, P.R. China
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Kim KW, Quang TH, Ko W, Kim DC, Yoon CS, Oh H, Kim YC. Anti-neuroinflammatory effects of cudraflavanone A isolated from the chloroform fraction of Cudrania tricuspidata root bark. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2018; 56:192-200. [PMID: 29521141 PMCID: PMC6130620 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2018.1447972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cudrania tricuspidata Bureau (Moraceae) is an important source of traditional Korean and Chinese medicines used to treat neuritis and inflammation. OBJECTIVE The anti-neuroinflammatory effects of cudraflavanone A isolated from a chloroform fraction of C. tricuspidata were investigated in LPS-induced BV2 cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cudraflavanone A was isolated from the root of C. tricuspidata, and its structure was determined by MS and NMR data. Cytotoxicity of the compound was examined by MTT assay, indicating no cytotoxicity at 5-40 μM of cudraflavanone A. NO concentration was measured by the Griess reaction, and the levels of PGE2, cytokines and COX-2 enzyme activity were measured by each ELISA kit. The mRNA levels of cytokines were analysed by quantitative-PCR. The expression of iNOS, COX-2, HO-1, NF-κB, MAPKs and Nrf2 was detected by Western blot. RESULTS Cudraflavanone A had no major effect on cell viability at 40 μM indicating 91.5% viability. It reduced the production of NO (IC50 = 22.2 μM), PGE2 (IC50 = 20.6 μM), IL-1β (IC50 = 24.7 μM) and TNF-α (IC50 = 33.0 μM) in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells. It also suppressed iNOS protein, IL-1β and TNF-α mRNA expression. These effects were associated with the inactivation of NF-κB, JNK and p38 MAPK pathways. This compound mediated its anti-neuroinflammatory effects by inducing HO-1 protein expression via increased nuclear translocation of Nrf2. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests a potent effect of cudraflavanone A to prevent neuroinflammatory diseases. Further investigation is necessary to elucidate specific molecular mechanism of cudraflavanone A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwan-Woo Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Tran Hong Quang
- College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Wonmin Ko
- College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
- Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Cheol Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
- Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi-Su Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuncheol Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
- Hanbang Cardio-Renal Syndrome Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Chul Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
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Hsieh YH, Deng JS, Chang YS, Huang GJ. Ginsenoside Rh2 Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Regulating the TLR4/PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Raf-1/MEK/ERK, and Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathways in Mice. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10091208. [PMID: 30200495 PMCID: PMC6163254 DOI: 10.3390/nu10091208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory effect of ginsenoside Rh2 (GRh2) has labeled it as one of the most important ginsenosides. The purpose of this study was to identify the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of GRh2 using a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge lung-injury animal model. GRh2 reduced LPS-induced proinflammatory mediator nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1β, and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10) production in lung tissues. GRh2 treatment decreased the histological alterations in the lung tissues and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) protein content; total cell number also reduced in LPS-induced lung injury in mice. Moreover, GRh2 blocked iNOS, COX-2, the phosphorylation of IκB-α, ERK, JNK, p38, Raf-1, and MEK protein expression, which corresponds with the growth of HO-1, Nrf-2, catalase, SOD, and GPx expression in LPS-induced lung injury. An in vivo experimental study suggested that GRh2 has anti-inflammatory effects, and has potential therapeutic efficacy in major anterior segment lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Hung Hsieh
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung 413, Taiwan.
- Department of Pharmacy, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung 433, Taiwan.
- Taichung City New Pharmacist Association, Taichung 420, Taiwan.
| | - Jeng-Shyan Deng
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan.
| | - Yuan-Shiun Chang
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung 413, Taiwan.
| | - Guan-Jhong Huang
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung 413, Taiwan.
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15
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Wang W, Wu L, Li Q, Zhang Z, Xu L, Lin C, Gao L, Zhao K, Liang F, Zhang Q, Zhou M, Jiang W. Madecassoside prevents acute liver failure in LPS/D-GalN-induced mice by inhibiting p38/NF-κB and activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 103:1137-1145. [PMID: 29715757 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Madecassoside (MA), a triterpenoid saponin isolated from Centella asiatica, exerts various pharmacological activities including antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of this study was to explore the protective effect of MA in the treatment of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and D-galactosamine (D-GalN)-induced acute liver failure(ALF) in mice. We hypothesized that MA administration may decrease the degree of liver injury caused by LPS/D-GalN. In this study, we investigated this hypothesis by treating a mouse model of LPS/D-GalN-induced liver injury with MA. Our study demonstrated that MA (20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg) treatment for 10 days attenuated LPS/D-GalN-induced liver injury by protecting liver function, suppressing the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6, and recovering antioxidant enzyme activity. MA also significantly suppressed LPS-stimulated protein levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 by blocking the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and eukaryotic transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). In addition, MA treatment enhanced protein levels of heme oxygenase (HO)-1 and anti-oxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) through the upregulation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in LPS-stimulated liver injury. These results suggest that MA is a promising agent for the treatment of LPS/D-GalN-induced liver injury that could serve as a candidate for the development of a hepatoprotective drug against ALF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Lingling Wu
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Qing Li
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Liba Xu
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Caixia Lin
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Ling Gao
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Kaili Zhao
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Fei Liang
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Mei Zhou
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Weizhe Jiang
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
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16
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Chang HY, Chen YC, Lin JG, Lin IH, Huang HF, Yeh CC, Chen JJ, Huang GJ. Asatone Prevents Acute Lung Injury by Reducing Expressions of NF-κB, MAPK and Inflammatory Cytokines. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2018; 46:651-671. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x18500349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Asatone is an active component extracted from the Chinese herb Radix et Rhizoma Asari. Our preliminary studies have indicated that asatone has an anti-inflammatory effect on RAW 264.7 culture cells challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Acute lung injury (ALI) has high morbidity and mortality rates due to the onset of serious lung inflammation and edema. Whether asatone prevents ALI LPS-induced requires further investigation. In vitro studies revealed that asatone at concentrations of 2.5–20[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]g/mL drastically prevented cytotoxicity and concentration-dependently reduced NO production in the LPS-challenged macrophages. In an in vivo study, the intratracheal administration of LPS increased the lung wet/dry ratio, myeloperoxidase activity, total cell counts, white blood cell counts, NO, iNOS, COX, TNF-[Formula: see text], IL-1[Formula: see text], and IL-6 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid as well as mitogen-activated protein kinases in the lung tissues. Pretreatment with asatone could reverse all of these effects. Asatone markedly reduced the levels of TNF-[Formula: see text] and IL-6 in the lung and liver, but not in the kidney of mice. By contrast, LPS reduced anti-oxidative enzymes and inhibited NF-[Formula: see text]B activations, whereas asatone increased anti-oxidative enzymes in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and NF-[Formula: see text]B activations in the lung tissues. Conclusively, asatone can prevent ALI through various anti-inflammatory modalities, including the major anti-inflammatory pathways of NF-[Formula: see text]B and mitogen-activated protein kinases. These findings suggest that asatone can be applied in the treatment of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Yuan Chang
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chuan Chen
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Jaung-Geng Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - I-Hsin Lin
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Fen Huang
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei 231, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chou Yeh
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chia-Yi 622, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Jung Chen
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Jhong Huang
- School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
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17
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Campos KKD, Araújo GR, Martins TL, Bandeira ACB, Costa GDP, Talvani A, Garcia CCM, Oliveira LAM, Costa DC, Bezerra FS. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of lycopene in mice lungs exposed to cigarette smoke. J Nutr Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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18
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Wang L, Ma R, Guo Y, Sun J, Liu H, Zhu R, Liu C, Li J, Li L, Chen B, Sun L, Tang J, Zhao D, Mo F, Niu J, Jiang G, Fu M, Brömme D, Zhang D, Gao S. Antioxidant Effect of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi Aqueous Extract in Ovariectomized Rats Is Mediated through Nox4-ROS-NF-κB Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:266. [PMID: 28588482 PMCID: PMC5438993 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study is designed to explore whether Fructus ligustri lucidi (FLL) exhibits antioxidant effect in ovariectomized (OVX) rats, and to identify the signaling pathway involved in this process. Methods: OVX rats were treated with FLL aqueous extract (3.5 g/kg) for 12 weeks. Serum, uteri, and tibias were harvested from the rats and the levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-hydroxy-desoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined. Changes in the levels of NF-κB-p65, phosphorylation of NF-κB-p65 (NF-κB-pp65), NF-κB inhibitor alpha (IκBα), phosphorylation of IκBα (p-IκBα), and NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) in uteri and tibias were determined by western blot, immunofluorescent and immunohistochemical analysis, respectively. In addition, the expression of cytochrome C (Cyto-C) and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) were determined in the tibias of rats. Histopathological changes in the bones were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Bone mineral density (BMD) was determined in rat femurs by dual X-ray absorptiometry. Results: Treatment of OVX rats with FLL aqueous extract improved redox homeostasis by increasing the levels of TAC and NO as well as decreasing the levels of MDA and 8-OHdG in serum, tibias, and uteri. Further, FLL extract also downregulated the expression of Nox4, NF-κB-p65, NF-κB-pp65, and p-IκBα in the uteri and tibias. Furthermore, administration of FLL–OVX rats increased Bcl-2 expression and prevented cytoplasmic release of mitochondrial Cyto-C in the tibias. In addition, FLL treatment also improved bone microstructure and increased cortical bone thickness as well as increased BMD values in the femurs of OVX rats. Conclusions: FLL treatment may suppress oxidative stress response in OVX rats via regulating the Nox4/ROS/NF-κB signaling pathway. These results suggest the potential of using FLL as a natural antioxidant agent in preventing the development of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Wang
- Cell and Biochemistry Lab, Preclinical Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
| | - Rufeng Ma
- Cell and Biochemistry Lab, Preclinical Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
| | - Yubo Guo
- Cell and Biochemistry Lab, Preclinical Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Chinese Material Medica School, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
| | - Haixia Liu
- Cell and Biochemistry Lab, Preclinical Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
| | - Ruyuan Zhu
- Cell and Biochemistry Lab, Preclinical Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
| | - Chenyue Liu
- Chinese Material Medica School, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
| | - Jun Li
- Modern Research Center for TCM, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
| | - Lin Li
- Cell and Biochemistry Lab, Preclinical Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
| | - Beibei Chen
- Cell and Biochemistry Lab, Preclinical Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
| | - Liping Sun
- Cell and Biochemistry Lab, Preclinical Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
| | - Jinfa Tang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of He'nan TCM University, ZhengzhouHenan, China
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Diabetes Research Center, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
| | - Fangfang Mo
- Diabetes Research Center, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
| | - Jianzhao Niu
- Cell and Biochemistry Lab, Preclinical Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
| | - Guangjian Jiang
- Diabetes Research Center, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
| | - Min Fu
- The Research Institute of McGill University Health CenterMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Dieter Brömme
- Oral Biological Medicinal Science, University of British ColumbiaVancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Dongwei Zhang
- Diabetes Research Center, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
| | - Sihua Gao
- Diabetes Research Center, Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing, China
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19
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Lin WC, Deng JS, Huang SS, Wu SH, Chen CC, Lin WR, Lin HY, Huang GJ. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Sanghuangporus sanghuang Mycelium. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18020347. [PMID: 28178212 PMCID: PMC5343882 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is characterized by inflammation of the lung tissue and oxidative injury caused by excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Studies have suggested that anti-inflammatory or antioxidant agents could be used for the treatment of ALI with a good outcome. Therefore, our study aimed to test whether the mycelium extract of Sanghuangporus sanghuang (SS-1), believed to exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, could be used against the excessive inflammatory response associated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced ALI in mice and to investigate its possible mechanism of action. The experimental results showed that the administration of SS-1 could inhibit LPS-induced inflammation. SS-1 could reduce the number of inflammatory cells, inhibit myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, regulate the TLR4/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and the signal transduction of NF-κB and MAPK pathways in the lung tissue, and inhibit high mobility group box-1 protein 1 (HNGB1) activity in BALF. In addition, SS-1 could affect the synthesis of antioxidant enzymes Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and Thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) in the lung tissue and regulate signal transduction in the KRAB-associated protein-1 (KAP1)/nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor Nrf2/Kelch Like ECH associated Protein 1 (Keap1) pathway. Histological results showed that administration of SS-1 prior to induction could inhibit the large-scale LPS-induced neutrophil infiltration of the lung tissue. Therefore, based on all experimental results, we propose that SS-1 exhibits a protective effect against LPS-induced ALI in mice. The mycelium of S. sanghuang can potentially be used for the treatment or prevention of inflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang-Ching Lin
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| | - Jeng-Shyan Deng
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan.
| | - Shyh-Shyun Huang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| | - Sheng-Hua Wu
- Department of Biology, National Museum of Natural Science, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| | - Chin-Chu Chen
- Grape King Biotechnology Center, Chung-Li City 320, Taiwan.
| | - Wan-Rong Lin
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| | - Hui-Yi Lin
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
| | - Guan-Jhong Huang
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
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20
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Chen JJ, Huang CC, Chang HY, Li PY, Liang YC, Deng JS, Huang SS, Huang GJ. Scutellaria baicalensis Ameliorates Acute Lung Injury by Suppressing Inflammation In Vitro and In Vivo. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2017; 45:137-157. [PMID: 28081626 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x17500100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Scutellaria baicalensis has been widely used as both a dietary ingredient and traditional herbal medicine in Taiwan to treat inflammation, cancer, and bacterial and viral infections of the respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract. This paper aims to investigate the in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of S. baicalensis. In HPLC analysis, the fingerprint chromatogram of the water extract of S. baicalensis (WSB) was established. The anti-inflammatory effects of WSB were inverstigated using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse macrophage (RAW264.7) in vitro and LPS-induced lung injury in vivo. WSB attenuated the production of LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-[Formula: see text], interleukin-[Formula: see text] (IL-1[Formula: see text], and IL-6 in vitro and in vivo. Pretreatment with WSB markedly reduced the LPS-induced histological alterations in lung tissues. Furthermore, WSB significantly reduced the number of total cells and the protein concentration levels in the BALF. WSB blocked protein expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), phosphorylation of I[Formula: see text]B-[Formula: see text] protein and MAPKs in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and LPS-induce lung injury was also blocked. This study suggests that WSB possesses anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo, and the results suggested that WSB may be a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Jung Chen
- * Department of Chinese Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Taichung Branch, Taichung, Taiwan.,† School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chun Huang
- * Department of Chinese Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Taichung Branch, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Heng-Yuan Chang
- † School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ying Li
- ‡ School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chia Liang
- § School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Shyan Deng
- ¶ Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Shyun Huang
- ‡ School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Jhong Huang
- § School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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21
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Lin WC, Deng JS, Huang SS, Lin WR, Wu SH, Lin HY, Huang GJ. Anti-inflammatory activity of Sanghuangporus sanghuang by suppressing the TLR4-mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR/IKKβ signaling pathway. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra01000a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sanghuangporus sanghuang (SS) is a mushroom that belongs to the genus Sanghuangporus and it is commonly called “Sangwhang” in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang-Ching Lin
- School of Pharmacy
- China Medical University
- Taichung 404
- Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Shyan Deng
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology
- Asia University
- Taichung 413
- Taiwan
| | | | - Wan-Rong Lin
- School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources
- College of Chinese Medicine
- China Medical University
- Taichung 404
- Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Hua Wu
- Department of Biology
- National Museum of Natural Science
- Taichung 404
- Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yi Lin
- School of Pharmacy
- China Medical University
- Taichung 404
- Taiwan
| | - Guan-Jhong Huang
- School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources
- College of Chinese Medicine
- China Medical University
- Taichung 404
- Taiwan
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22
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Lin WC, Deng JS, Huang SS, Wu SH, Lin HY, Huang GJ. Evaluation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activities of ethanol extracts from different varieties of Sanghuang species. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra27198g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sanghuangporus sanghuang is a rare fungal species that grows on wild mulberry trees, and its yield is much lower than that of valuable medicinal herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang-Ching Lin
- School of Pharmacy
- China Medical University
- Taichung 404
- Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Shyan Deng
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology
- Asia University
- Taichung 413
- Taiwan
| | | | - Sheng-Hua Wu
- Department of Biology
- National Museum of Natural Science
- Taichung 404
- Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yi Lin
- School of Pharmacy
- China Medical University
- Taichung 404
- Taiwan
| | - Guan-Jhong Huang
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources
- College of Pharmacy
- China Medical University
- Taichung 404
- Taiwan
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23
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Huang SS, Su SY, Chang JS, Lin HJ, Wu WT, Deng JS, Huang GJ. Antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic effects of the aqueous extracts from Glycine species and its bioactive compounds. BOTANICAL STUDIES 2016; 57:38. [PMID: 28597448 PMCID: PMC5432927 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-016-0153-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to examine the possible antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic effects of the aqueous extracts from three Glycine species. In HPLC analysis, the chromatograms of three Glycine species were established. Flavonoid-related compounds might be important bioactive compounds in Glycine species. RESULTS The results showed that the aqueous extract of Glycine tabacina (AGTa) had the strongest antioxidant activity compared with the other Glycine species extracts. We also found that AGTa had higher contents of total polyphenol compounds and flavonoids than the other extracts. We also have investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of the three Glycine species using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse macrophage (RAW264.7) ex vivo. When RAW264.7 macrophages were treated with different concentrations of three Glycine species together with LPS, a significant concentration-dependent inhibition of NO production was detected. The aqueous extract of Glycine max (AGM) had the strongest anti-inflammatory activity in comparison with the other Glycine species extracts. Western blotting revealed that three Glycine species blocked protein expression of iNOS and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages, significantly. The antidiabetic activities of the three Glycine species were studied in vitro using α-glucosidase and aldose reductase (AR) inhibitory methods. AGTa had the highest inhibitory activities on α-glucosidase and aldose reductase, with IC50 of 188.1 and 126.42 μg/mL, respectively. The bioactive compounds, genistein and daidzein, had high inhibitory activities on antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, α-glucosidase and aldose reductase. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that Glycine species might be a good resource for future development of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic heath foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyh-Shyun Huang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shan-Yu Su
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Shu Chang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Jen Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Tzu Wu
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, 413 Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Shyan Deng
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, 413 Taiwan
| | - Guan-Jhong Huang
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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24
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Bao J, Ding R, Zou L, Zhang C, Wang K, Liu F, Li P, Chen M, Wan JB, Su H, Wang Y, He C. Forsythiae Fructus Inhibits B16 Melanoma Growth Involving MAPKs/Nrf2/HO-1 Mediated Anti-Oxidation and Anti-Inflammation. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2016; 44:1043-61. [PMID: 27430915 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x16500580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Forsythiae Fructus, the fruits of Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl, Lianqiao in Chinese, is one of the most fundamental herbs in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It is a typical heat-clearing and detoxicating herb, according to TCM theory. In this study, we investigated the antitumor effect of Forsythiae Fructus aqueous extract (FAE) on B16-F10 melanoma cells in vivo. The transplanted B16-F10 melanoma in C57BL/6 mice was established and used for the evaluation of the in vivo antitumor effect of FAE. FAE strongly inhibited the growth of B16-F10 cells in vitro and the tumor in vivo. The survival time of tumor-bearing mice was significantly prolonged by FAE. FAE inhibited cancer cell proliferation and angiogenesis in the tumor, as indicated by the decreased expressions of Ki67 and CD31. The levels of ROS, MDA, TNF-[Formula: see text] and IL-6 decreased, while GSH increased in the FAE treatment group, indicating FAE possesses strong anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activity. The expression of anti-oxidant proteins Nrf-2 and HO-1, tumor suppressors P53 and p-PTEN, and the MAPK pathways in tumor tissues were upregulated by FAE treatment. These data demonstrated that FAE exhibited strong antitumor activity against B16-F10 murine melanoma both in vitro and in vivo. The antitumor effect of FAE involved decreases in oxidative stress and inflammation in the tumor, which is closely related to the heat-clearing and detoxicating properties of FAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaolin Bao
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, P.R. China
| | - Renbo Ding
- † Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, P.R. China
| | - Lidi Zou
- ‡ Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Chao Zhang
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, P.R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, P.R. China
| | - Fang Liu
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, P.R. China
| | - Peng Li
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, P.R. China
| | - Meiwan Chen
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Bo Wan
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, P.R. China
| | - Huanxing Su
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, P.R. China
| | - Yitao Wang
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, P.R. China
| | - Chengwei He
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, P.R. China
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