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Liu K, Cao Z, Huang S, Kong F. Mechanism underlying the effect of Pulsatilla decoction in hepatocellular carcinoma treatment: a network pharmacology and in vitro analysis. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:405. [PMID: 37950195 PMCID: PMC10636957 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04244-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with a poor prognosis. Moreover, there exist limited strategies for treating HCC. Pulsatilla decoction (PD), a traditional Chinese medicine formula, has been used to treat inflammatory bowel disease and several cancer types. Accordingly, we explored the mechanism of PD in HCC treatment via network pharmacology and in vitro experiments. METHODS Online databases were searched for gene data, active components, and potential target genes associated with HCC development. Subsequently, bioinformatics analysis was performed using protein-protein interaction and Network Construction and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) to screen for potential anticancer components and therapeutic targets of PD. Finally, the effect of PD on HCC was further verified by in vitro experiments. RESULTS Network pharmacological analysis revealed that 65 compounds and 180 possible target genes were associated with the effect of PD on HCC. These included PI3K, AKT, NF-κB, FOS, and NFKBIA. KEGG analysis demonstrated that PD exerted its effect on HCC mainly via the PI3K-AKT, IL-17, and TNF signaling pathways. Cell viability and cell cycle experiments revealed that PD could significantly inhibit cancer cell proliferation and kill HCC cells by inducing apoptosis. Furthermore, western blotting confirmed that apoptosis was mediated primarily via the PI3K-AKT, IL-17, and TNF signaling pathways. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to elucidate the molecular mechanism and potential targets of PD in the treatment of HCC using network pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuijie Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenyu Cao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Siqi Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fanhua Kong
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Natural Polymer Biological Liver, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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2
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Zhang T, Zhang J, Chen F, Liu A, Jiang J, Yan Z, Liu X. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of triterpenoids in different tissues of Pulsatilla chinensis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 234:115528. [PMID: 37331205 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Pulsatilla chinensis (P.chinensis) is a traditional Chinese medicine used for the treatment of intestinal amebiasis diseases, vaginal trichomoniasis and bacterial infections. Tritepenoid saponins were important components of P.chinensis. Therefore, we asssessmented expression profiling of triterpenoids in different fresh tissues of P.chinensis by ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS) and ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QQQ-MS). Firstly, we identified 132 triterpenoids, including 119 triterpenoid saponins, 13 triterpenoid acids and forty seven of them were first determined in Pulsatilla genus, including new aglycones and new ways of rhamnose linking to the aglycone. Secondly, we established the analytical method to analysis triterpenoids content of P.chinensis and comprehensively verified the analytical method by linearity, precision, repeatability, stability and recovery. At last, we quantified 119 triterpenoids simultaneously based on UHPLC-QQQ-MS. The results show that the types and contents of triterpenoids had obvious tissue distribution. New components like rhamnose directly linked to the aglycone mainely distributed in aboveground tissues. Additionally, We identified 15 chemical ingredients as differential components between the aboveground and underground tissues of P.chinensis. This study provides an efficient analysis strategy for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of triterpenoids in P.chinensis even in other traditional Chinese medicines. At the same time, it provides important informations to explain the biosynthetic pathway of triterpenoid saponins in P.chinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tinglan Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China; Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Fangfang Chen
- School of Life Science and Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China; Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - An Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jinzhu Jiang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Zhiyong Yan
- School of Life Science and Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Xianju Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
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3
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Tao T, Zhang P, Zeng Z, Wang M. Advances in autophagy modulation of natural products in cervical cancer. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 314:116575. [PMID: 37142142 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Natural products play a critical role in drug development and is emerging as a potential source of biologically active metabolites for therapeutic intervention, especially in cancer therapy. In recent years, there is increasing evidence that many natural products may modulate autophagy through various signaling pathways in cervical cancer. Understanding the mechanisms of these natural products helps to develop medications for cervical cancer treatments. AIM OF THE STUDY In recent years, there is increasing evidence that many natural products may modulate autophagy through various signaling pathways in cervical cancer. In this review, we briefly introduce autophagy and systematically describe several classes of natural products implicated in autophagy modulation in cervical cancer, hoping to provide valuable information for the development of cervical cancer treatments based on autophagy. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched for studies on natural products and autophagy in cervical cancer on the online database and summarized the relationship between natural products and autophagy modulation in cervical cancer. RESULTS Autophagy is a lysosome-mediated catabolic process in eukaryotic cells that plays an important role in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, including cervical cancer. Abnormal expression of cellular autophagy and autophagy-related proteins has been implicated in cervical carcinogenesis, and human papillomavirus infection can affect autophagic activity. Flavonoids, alkaloids, polyphenols, terpenoids, quinones, and other compounds are important sources of natural products that act as anticancer agents. In cervical cancer, natural products exert the anticancer function mainly through the induction of protective autophagy. CONCLUSIONS The regulation of cervical cancer autophagy by natural products has significant advantages in inducing apoptosis, inhibiting proliferation, and reducing drug resistance in cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Tao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhi Zeng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
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Łaska G, Sieniawska E, Maciejewska-Turska M, Świątek Ł, Pasco DS, Balachandran P. Pulsatilla vulgaris Inhibits Cancer Proliferation in Signaling Pathways of 12 Reporter Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021139. [PMID: 36674653 PMCID: PMC9860614 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine if methanolic extracts of Pulsatilla vulgaris Mill. can inhibit HeLa cell proliferation through the modulation of cancer-related signaling pathways. The cytotoxicity and chemical composition of P. vulgaris leaves and root extracts were also determined. Research showed that root extract of P. vulgaris inhibited 12 signaling pathways in a cervical cancer cell line and the most potent activation inhibition was observed for MYC, Notch, Wnt, E2F, Ets, Stat3, Smad, Hdghog, AP-1, and NF-κB, at a concentration of 40 µg/mL. The methanolic extracts of P. vulgaris enhanced apoptotic death and deregulated cellular proliferation, differentiation, and progression toward the neoplastic phenotype by altering key signaling molecules required for cell cycle progression. This is the first study to report the influence of P. vulgaris on cancer signaling pathways. Additionally, our detailed phytochemical analysis of the methanolic extracts of P. vulgaris gives a conclusion that compounds, which strongly suppressed the growth and proliferation of HeLa cancer cells were mainly triterpenoid saponins accompanied by phenolic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grażyna Łaska
- Department of Agri-Food Engineering and Environmental Management, Bialystok University of Technology, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Elwira Sieniawska
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Magdalena Maciejewska-Turska
- Department of Pharmacognosy with the Medicinal Plant Garden, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Łukasz Świątek
- Department of Virology with SARS Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - David S. Pasco
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Premalatha Balachandran
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
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Jiang B, Feng L, Yang T, Guo W, Li Y, Wang T, Liu C, Su H. Combination of chloroquine diphosphate and salidroside induces human liver cell apoptosis via regulation of mitochondrial dysfunction and autophagy. Mol Med Rep 2022; 27:37. [PMID: 36579660 PMCID: PMC9827261 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading cause of cancer‑associated death in the world. Chemotherapy remains the primary treatment method for HCC. Despite advances in chemotherapy and modalities, recurrence and resistance limit therapeutic success. Salidroside (Sal), a bioactive component extracted from the rhizome of Rhodiola rosea L, exhibits a spectrum of biological activities including antitumor effects. In the present study, it was demonstrated that Sal could induce apoptosis and autophagy of 97H cells by using CCK‑8 assay, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Hoechst33342 staining, MDC staining, western blotting. Pretreatment with Sal enhanced apoptosis and autophagy via upregulation of expression levels of Bax, Caspase‑3, Caspase‑9, light chain (LC)3‑II and Beclin‑1 proteins and downregulation of expression levels of Bcl‑2, LC3‑I and p62 protein in 97H cells. Furthermore, Sal was demonstrated to inhibit activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and, when combined with autophagy inhibitor chloroquine diphosphate (CQ), increased phosphorylation of PI3K, Akt and mTOR proteins. The combined treatment with Sal and CQ not only decreased Sal‑induced autophagy, but also accelerated Sal‑induced apoptosis. Therefore, Sal‑induced autophagy might serve a role as a defense mechanism in human liver cancer cells and its inhibition may be a promising strategy for the adjuvant chemotherapy of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Jiang
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Longfei Feng
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Tao Yang
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Wenjing Guo
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Yangyang Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Tao Wang
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Research, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, P.R. China
| | - Chengguang Liu
- Clinical College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200, P.R. China
| | - Haixiang Su
- School of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China,Translational Medicine Research Center, Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Research, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Professor Haixiang Su, Translational Medicine Research Center, Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Research, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, 2 Xiaoxihu East Street, Qilihe, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050, P.R. China, E-mail:
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6
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A pH-sensitive field-effect transistor for monitoring of cancer cell external acid environment. Talanta 2022; 252:123764. [PMID: 35969927 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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7
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Ai Y, Zhao Z, Wang H, Zhang X, Qin W, Guo Y, Zhao M, Tang J, Ma X, Zeng J. Pull the plug: Anti‐angiogenesis potential of natural products in gastrointestinal cancer therapy. Phytother Res 2022; 36:3371-3393. [PMID: 35871532 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Ai
- Department of Oncology Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Ziyi Zhao
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Hengyi Wang
- Department of Oncology Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry of Chinese Medicine Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica Chongqing China
| | - Weihan Qin
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry of Chinese Medicine Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica Chongqing China
| | - Yanlei Guo
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry of Chinese Medicine Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica Chongqing China
| | - Maoyuan Zhao
- Department of Oncology Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Jianyuan Tang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
| | - Jinhao Zeng
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
- Department of Geriatrics Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu China
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8
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Li H, Wang L, Zhang X, Xia W, Zhou X, Sui H, Fu X. Pulsatilla chinensis (Bge.) Regel: A Systematic Review on Anticancer of Its Pharmacological Properties, Clinical Researches and Pharmacokinetic Studies. Front Oncol 2022; 12:888075. [PMID: 35814470 PMCID: PMC9259996 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.888075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulsatilla chinensis (Bge.) Regel (PC) is one of the most commonly used Chinese medicines and has a history of thousands of years. This article reviews the research results of anti-cancer activity and its mechanism of action obtained from experimental, clinical, pharmacokinetic and bioinformatic studies in recent years. A large number of studies have shown that PC exerts had anti-cancer effects on different types of tumor cells by inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, inhibiting cell cycle and energy metabolism, inducing autophagy, and inhibiting angiogenesis. The literature has shown that PC can trigger the expression of autophagy-related molecules, activate the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, inhibit the phosphorylation of PI3K downstream factors, down-regulate the expression of glycolysis-related proteins, and regulate a series of cancer-related signal pathways and proteins. The molecular mechanisms involved in PC include signal pathways such as Notch, PI3K/AKT/m TOR, AKT/mTOR, and MEK/ERK. The article also discusses the derivatives of the active ingredients in PC, which greatly improved the anti-cancer effect. In conclusion, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the biological effects and mechanisms of PC against cancer. The analysis of the literature shows that PC can be used as a potential drug candidate for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Yinchuan, China
| | - Lilan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Wenxin Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xirong Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Yinchuan, China
| | - Hong Sui
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xueyan Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Yinchuan, China
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9
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Zhong J, Tan L, Chen M, He C. Pharmacological activities and molecular mechanisms of Pulsatilla saponins. Chin Med 2022; 17:59. [PMID: 35606807 PMCID: PMC9125917 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-022-00613-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Saponins are found in a variety of higher plants and display a wide range of pharmacological activities, including expectorant, anti-inflammatory, vasoprotective and antimicrobial properties. Pulsatilla chinensis (P. chinensis, Bai Tou Weng, ) has been used medically in China for thousands of years for the treatment of diseases caused by bacteria, and it is rich in triterpenoid saponins. In recent decades, anemoside B4 (Pulchinenoside C) is well studied since it has been used as a quality control marker for P. chinensis. At the same time, more and more other active compounds were found in the genus of Pulsatilla. In this review, we summarize the pharmacological activities of Pulsatilla saponins (PS) and discuss the cellular or molecular mechanisms that mediate their multiple activities, such as inducing cancer cell apoptosis, inhibiting tumor angiogenesis, and protecting organs via anti-inflammatory and antioxidant measures. We aim to provide comprehensive analysis and summary of research progress and future prospects in this field to facilitate further study and drug discovery of PS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmiao Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, 999078, Macao SAR, China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, 999078, Macao SAR, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, University of Macau, Taipa, 999078, Macao SAR, China
| | - Lihua Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, 999078, Macao SAR, China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, 999078, Macao SAR, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, University of Macau, Taipa, 999078, Macao SAR, China
| | - Meiwan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, 999078, Macao SAR, China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, 999078, Macao SAR, China
| | - Chengwei He
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, 999078, Macao SAR, China. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, 999078, Macao SAR, China. .,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, University of Macau, Taipa, 999078, Macao SAR, China.
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10
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Zhang L, Li MH, Tian J, Yin M, Cheng XL, Wei F, Ma SC. Identification of Pulsatilla chinensis (Bge.) Regel and look-alike species by ultra-performance liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry using multivariate statistical analysis. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:1297-1304. [PMID: 35000282 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Pulsatillae Radix, the root of Pulsatilla chinensis (Bge.) Regel, is recorded in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China and has been widely used for its pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antitumor, and cardiovascular benefits. However, there are several look-alike species that can be marketed as Pulsatillae Radix. To distinguish Pulsatilla chinensis (Bge.) Regel from its look-alikes, viz. Pulsatilla cernua (Thunb.) Bercht et Opiz., Pulsatilla dahurica (Fisch.) Spreng., Anemone tomeutosa (Maxim.) Pei., and Rhaponticum uniflorum (L.) DC, we used ultra-performance liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry combined with principal component analysis to compare their chemical compositions. Four ions, a (RT 8.98 min, m/z 1381.6671), b (RT 10.64 min, m/z 1219.6143), c (RT 11.52 min, m/z 1217.5978), and d (RT 13.6 min, m/z 749.4463) from Pulsatillae chinensis (Bge.) Regel were identified as potential chemical markers to distinguish it from look-alike species using an unsupervised statistical model combined with orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis. The results of this study provide an effective method for identifying and distinguishing Pulsatilla chinensis (Bge.) Regel from similar plants. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Yangzhou Center for Food and Drug Control, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Hua Li
- National Institute for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jing Tian
- Yangzhou Center for Food and Drug Control, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Meng Yin
- Yangzhou Center for Food and Drug Control, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Long Cheng
- National Institute for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wei
- National Institute for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shuang-Cheng Ma
- National Institute for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, P. R. China
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11
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Elekofehinti OO, Iwaloye O, Olawale F, Ariyo EO. Saponins in Cancer Treatment: Current Progress and Future Prospects. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2021; 28:250-272. [PMID: 35366261 PMCID: PMC8830467 DOI: 10.3390/pathophysiology28020017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Saponins are steroidal or triterpenoid glycoside that is distinguished by the soap-forming nature. Different saponins have been characterized and purified and are gaining attention in cancer chemotherapy. Saponins possess high structural diversity, which is linked to the anticancer activities. Several studies have reported the role of saponins in cancer and the mechanism of actions, including cell-cycle arrest, antioxidant activity, cellular invasion inhibition, induction of apoptosis and autophagy. Despite the extensive research and significant anticancer effects of saponins, there are currently no known FDA-approved saponin-based anticancer drugs. This can be attributed to a number of limitations, including toxicities and drug-likeness properties. Recent studies have explored options such as combination therapy and drug delivery systems to ensure increased efficacy and decreased toxicity in saponin. This review discusses the current knowledge on different saponins, their anticancer activity and mechanisms of action, as well as promising research within the last two decades and recommendations for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olusola Olalekan Elekofehinti
- Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology Akure, PMB 704, Nigeria; (O.I.); (E.O.A.)
| | - Opeyemi Iwaloye
- Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology Akure, PMB 704, Nigeria; (O.I.); (E.O.A.)
| | - Femi Olawale
- Nanogene and Drug Delivery Group, Department of Biochemistry, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa;
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos 101017, Nigeria
| | - Esther Opeyemi Ariyo
- Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology Akure, PMB 704, Nigeria; (O.I.); (E.O.A.)
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12
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Xiang Z, Miao Q, Zhang J, Liu G, Xue S, Liu X, Zhang Z, Shen L, Liu B, Zhou Y, Miao T, Liu Y. AB4 inhibits Notch signaling and promotes cancer cell apoptosis in liver cancer. Oncol Rep 2021; 45:112. [PMID: 33907837 PMCID: PMC8107656 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiology for liver cancer has been clearly defined. Unfortunately, therapeutic approaches for liver cancer are rather limited, and liver cancer is insensitive to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has become a promising strategy for cancer treatment as TCM elicits broad spectrum anticancer activity. In the present study, we evaluated the anticancer efficacy of AB4, an extract from the medical herb Pulsatilla chinensis (Bunge) Regel, in liver cancer in vitro and in vivo. We found that AB4 readily dose‑ and time‑dependently inhibited liver cancer HepG2 and Huh‑7 cell proliferation and colony formation. Western blot and flow cytometry analyses suggested that AB4 treatment induced liver cancer cell apoptosis. Moreover, these findings could be readily recaptured in vivo, in which the AB4 regimen resulted in tumor suppression and cancer cell apoptosis in xenograft tumor‑bearing nude mice. Importantly, we noted that treatment with a Notch signaling inhibitor DAPT produced very similar anticancer efficacy in both HepG2 and Huh‑7 cell lines, and administration of DAPT also efficiently suppressed HepG2 xenograft outgrowth. To this end, we anticipated that AB4 and DAPT may act on the same signaling pathway, probably through inhibition of the Notch pathway. Indeed, we found decreased expression of Notch1 protein, as well as downstream targets Hes1 and Hey1, after AB4 treatment. Immunohistochemistry analysis further confirmed the suppression of Notch signaling in HepG2 xenograft‑bearing mice. Taken together, our study highlighted the anticancer efficacy of AB4 in liver cancer. We also provided preliminary data showing Notch as a therapeutic target of AB4. It would be interesting to investigate the anticancer efficacy of AB4 in other types of cancer with elevated Notch activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hospital 971 of The Navy of Chinese PLA, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Qing Miao
- Department of Pharmacy, Hospital 971 of The Navy of Chinese PLA, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Hospital 971 of The Navy of Chinese PLA, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Guoxin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third People's Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Shuyi Xue
- Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Hospital 971 of The Navy of Chinese PLA, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hospital 971 of The Navy of Chinese PLA, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Lixia Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, Hospital 971 of The Navy of Chinese PLA, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Bangguo Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Hospital 971 of The Navy of Chinese PLA, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Wuxi Center for Drug Safety Control, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214000, P.R. China
| | - Ting Miao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hospital 971 of The Navy of Chinese PLA, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Hospital 971 of The Navy of Chinese PLA, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
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13
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Han B, He C. Targeting autophagy using saponins as a therapeutic and preventive strategy against human diseases. Pharmacol Res 2021; 166:105428. [PMID: 33540047 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a ubiquitous mechanism for maintaining cellular homeostasis through the degradation of long-lived proteins, insoluble protein aggregates, and superfluous or damaged organelles. Dysfunctional autophagy is observed in a variety of human diseases. With advanced research into the role that autophagy plays in physiological and pathological conditions, targeting autophagy is becoming a novel tactic for disease management. Saponins are naturally occurring glycosides containing triterpenoids or steroidal sapogenins as aglycones, and some saponins are reported to modulate autophagy. Research suggests that saponins may have therapeutic and preventive efficacy against many autophagy-related diseases. Therefore, this review comprehensively summarizes and discusses the reported saponins that exhibit autophagy regulating activities. In addition, the relevant signaling pathways that the mechanisms involved in regulating autophagy and the targeted diseases were also discussed. By regulating autophagy and related pathways, saponins exhibit bioactivities against cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, atherosclerosis and other cardiac diseases, kidney diseases, liver diseases, acute pancreatitis, and osteoporosis. This review provides an overview of the autophagy-regulating activity of saponins, the underlying mechanisms and potential applications for managing various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Chengwei He
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China.
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14
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Wang K, Tu Y, Wan JB, Chen M, He C. Synergistic anti-breast cancer effect of pulsatilla saponin D and camptothecin through interrupting autophagic-lysosomal function and promoting p62-mediated ubiquitinated protein aggregation. Carcinogenesis 2020; 41:804-816. [PMID: 31504230 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism to protect the cells from unfavorable environmental conditions. Inhibition of autophagy has been contemplated as a novel strategy to enhance anticancer efficacy of existing chemotherapeutic agents. We previously reported that pulsatilla saponin D (PSD) was a potent autophagy inhibitor. However, its anticancer potential as adjuvant and underlying mechanisms are still unknown. In this study, we identified that PSD induced the formation of autophagosome in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. However, PSD alone and particularly co-treatment with camptothecin remarkably increased p62 protein levels, indicating that PSD strongly inhibited the autophagic cargo degradation. The mechanistic study indicated that PSD profoundly abolished the co-localization of EGFP-LC3 and lysosomal-specific probe LysoTracker Red, suggesting that the autophagosome-lysosome fusion was blocked by PSD, which is similar to the action of chloroquine. In addition, PSD significantly increased lysosomal pH and inhibited the activation of lysosomal cathepsins in both breast cancer cell lines. Furthermore, the accrued p62 resulted in accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins owing to the interaction with p62 and delivery to the malfunctioned autophagosome by PSD. Finally, we demonstrated that PSD synergistically enhanced the anticancer activity of camptothecin (CPT) in cultured breast cancer cells and in mouse xenograft tumor models. Our results indicated that PSD inhibited autophagic flux via blocking autophagosome-lysosome fusion and lysosomal acidification, which may confer a synergistic anti-breast cancer activity of PSD and CPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Yanbei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Jian-Bo Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Meiwan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Chengwei He
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
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15
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Suppressive role of Viola odorata extract on malignant characters of mammosphere-derived breast cancer stem cells. Clin Transl Oncol 2020; 22:1619-1634. [DOI: 10.1007/s12094-020-02307-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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16
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Yang Z, Li H, Li Z, Feng Y, Jin Y, Liu Y, Li M, Liu R, Fang Y. Improved antiproliferative activity of novel Pulsatilla saponin D/α-hederin derivatives containing nitric oxide donors. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj02941f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Conjugates of PSD and furoxan exhibited synergetic effects on enhancing antiproliferative activity and reducing hemolytic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunhua Yang
- College of Pharmacy
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Nanchang 330004
- China
| | - Huilan Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Manufacturing Technology of TCM Solid Preparation
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Nanchang 330006
- China
| | - Zhifeng Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Manufacturing Technology of TCM Solid Preparation
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Nanchang 330006
- China
| | - Yulin Feng
- National Engineering Research Center for Manufacturing Technology of TCM Solid Preparation
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Nanchang 330006
- China
| | - Yi Jin
- National Engineering Research Center for Manufacturing Technology of TCM Solid Preparation
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Nanchang 330006
- China
| | - Yanhua Liu
- College of Pharmacy
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Nanchang 330004
- China
| | - Mingdong Li
- College of Pharmacy
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Nanchang 330004
- China
| | - Ronghua Liu
- College of Pharmacy
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Nanchang 330004
- China
| | - Yuanying Fang
- National Engineering Research Center for Manufacturing Technology of TCM Solid Preparation
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Nanchang 330006
- China
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17
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Fang Y, Hu D, Li H, Hu J, Liu Y, Li Z, Xu G, Chen L, Jin Y, Yang S, Yang Z. Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Mode of Action of Pulsatilla Saponin D Derivatives as Promising Anticancer Agents. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1208. [PMID: 31680978 PMCID: PMC6804646 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of ester and amide derivatives of triterpenoid saponin Pulsatilla saponin D (PSD) were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their antiproliferative activity. Compounds 1 and 6 displayed 1.7-8.3 times more potent cytotoxicity (IC50 = 1.2-4.7 and 1.7-4.5 μM, respectively) against five human tumor cell lines (SMMC-7721, MCF-7, NCI-H460, A549, and HCT-116) in vitro and lower acute toxicity to mice in vivo than did PSD. Furthermore, compound 6 was observed to show potent tumor growth inhibition against mice H22 hepatocellular cells (49.8% at 20 mg/kg) and induce cell cycle at G1 phase and apoptosis in HCT-116 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanying Fang
- National Engineering Research Center for Manufacturing Technology of TCM Solid Preparation, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Daoyong Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huilan Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Manufacturing Technology of TCM Solid Preparation, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China.,Research Center for Differentiation and Development of Basic Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianguo Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanhua Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhifeng Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Manufacturing Technology of TCM Solid Preparation, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Guoliang Xu
- Research Center for Differentiation and Development of Basic Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Lanying Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Manufacturing Technology of TCM Solid Preparation, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yi Jin
- National Engineering Research Center for Manufacturing Technology of TCM Solid Preparation, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Shilin Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Manufacturing Technology of TCM Solid Preparation, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Zunhua Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
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18
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PPTS Inhibits the TGF- β1-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Human Colorectal Cancer SW480 Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:2683534. [PMID: 31662772 PMCID: PMC6778905 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2683534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The current study investigates the inhibitory effects of Pulsatilla pentacyclic triterpenoid saponins extract (PPTS) on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) triggered by the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in human colorectal cancer SW480 cell line, further illustrates the possible mechanism of PPTS inhibition of growth and invasion from the perspective of EMT, and provides new theoretical support for the treatment of tumor by Chinese medicine. The SW480 cells were treated in groups: blank control, TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL), and varying concentrations of PPTS cotreated with TGF-β1-induced (10 ng/mL) groups. CCK8 was used to detect cell viability; transwell was applied to detect invasion ability, cell migration ability was also determined, ELISA and RT-qPCR were utilized for the determination of CYP3A, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, N-cadherin, and MMP-9 expression. Flow cytometry detection was applied to detect cell cycle and apoptosis. The results obtained have shown that PPTS can significantly inhibit the invasion and migration of tumors in SW480 cells and can also block the S phase in the cell cycle but may produce cytotoxicity in higher doses. The present research work provides substantial evidence that PPTS has a significant inhibitory effect on TGF-β1-induced EMT in SW480 cells and it also promotes apoptosis.
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19
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Hong JM, Kim JH, Kim H, Lee WJ, Hwang YI. SB365, Pulsatilla Saponin D Induces Caspase-Independent Cell Death and Augments the Anticancer Effect of Temozolomide in Glioblastoma Multiforme Cells. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24183230. [PMID: 31491945 PMCID: PMC6766801 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
SB365, a saponin D extracted from the roots of Pulsatilla koreana, has been reported to show cytotoxicity in several cancer cell lines. We investigated the effects of SB365 on U87-MG and T98G glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells, and its efficacy in combination with temozolomide for treating GBM. SB365 exerted a cytotoxic effect on GBM cells not by inducing apoptosis, as in other cancer cell lines, but by triggering caspase-independent cell death. Inhibition of autophagic flux and neutralization of the lysosomal pH occurred rapidly after application of SB365, followed by deterioration of mitochondrial membrane potential. A cathepsin B inhibitor and N-acetyl cysteine, an antioxidant, partially recovered cell death induced by SB365. SB365 in combination with temozolomide exerted an additive cytotoxic effect in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, SB365 inhibits autophagic flux and induces caspase-independent cell death in GBM cells in a manner involving cathepsin B and mainly reactive oxygen species, and its use in combination with temozolomide shows promise for the treatment of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Man Hong
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.
| | - Jin-Hee Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Cheongju University, Cheongju 28503, Korea.
| | - Hyemin Kim
- Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea.
| | - Wang Jae Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.
| | - Young-Il Hwang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.
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20
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Wan JY, Yao H, Zhang CF, Huang WH, Zhang Q, Liu Z, Bi Y, Williams S, Wang CZ, Yuan CS. Red American ginseng enhances the effect of fluorouracil on human colon cancer cells via both paraptosis and apoptosis pathways. J Appl Biomed 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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21
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Zhang Y, Liang Y, He C. Anticancer activities and mechanisms of heat-clearing and detoxicating traditional Chinese herbal medicine. Chin Med 2017; 12:20. [PMID: 28702078 PMCID: PMC5506596 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-017-0140-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory, pathogenic heat and toxins, which are akin to the inflammatory factors, are the causes of cancer and could promote its virulent development. Therefore, heat-clearing and detoxicating (HCD) herbs are essential components of TCM formulas for cancer treatment. An increasing interest has been focused on the study of HCD herbs and accumulated evidences have shown that HCD herbs or HCD herbs-based formulas exhibited remarkable anticancer effects when used alone or combined with other therapeutic approaches. Some of the HCD herb-derived products have been tested in clinical trials. Studies revealed that extracts or pure compounds of the HCD herbs showed a broad anticancer spectrum against both solid and hematologic malignancies without significant toxic effects. Notably, some HCD herbs or formulas could strongly enhance the anticancer activities of chemo- or radio-therapy and alleviate their side effects. The anticancer activities of HCD herb exacts or the pure compounds were reported to be through multiple cellular or molecular mechanisms, such as induction of cancer cell apoptosis, differentiation and cell cycle arrest, inhibition of cancer cell growth, invasion and metastasis, and inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. In this review, we provide comprehensive analysis and summary of research progress and future prospects in this field to facilitate the further study and application of HCD herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, N22-7038, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao, 999078 China
| | - Yeer Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, N22-7038, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao, 999078 China
| | - Chengwei He
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, N22-7038, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao, 999078 China
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22
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Lee KJ, Song K, Song DY, Kim YS. Application of linear gradient elution in countercurrent chromatography for the separation of triterpenoid saponins from the roots ofPulsatilla koreanaNakai. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:2810-2818. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Jin Lee
- College of Pharmacy; Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University; Seoul South Korea
| | - Kwangho Song
- College of Pharmacy; Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University; Seoul South Korea
| | - Da Young Song
- College of Pharmacy; Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University; Seoul South Korea
| | - Yeong Shik Kim
- College of Pharmacy; Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University; Seoul South Korea
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23
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Bao J, Ding R, Zou L, Zhang C, Wang K, Liu F, Li P, Chen M, Wan JB, Su H, Wang Y, He C. Forsythiae Fructus Inhibits B16 Melanoma Growth Involving MAPKs/Nrf2/HO-1 Mediated Anti-Oxidation and Anti-Inflammation. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2016; 44:1043-61. [PMID: 27430915 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x16500580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Forsythiae Fructus, the fruits of Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl, Lianqiao in Chinese, is one of the most fundamental herbs in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It is a typical heat-clearing and detoxicating herb, according to TCM theory. In this study, we investigated the antitumor effect of Forsythiae Fructus aqueous extract (FAE) on B16-F10 melanoma cells in vivo. The transplanted B16-F10 melanoma in C57BL/6 mice was established and used for the evaluation of the in vivo antitumor effect of FAE. FAE strongly inhibited the growth of B16-F10 cells in vitro and the tumor in vivo. The survival time of tumor-bearing mice was significantly prolonged by FAE. FAE inhibited cancer cell proliferation and angiogenesis in the tumor, as indicated by the decreased expressions of Ki67 and CD31. The levels of ROS, MDA, TNF-[Formula: see text] and IL-6 decreased, while GSH increased in the FAE treatment group, indicating FAE possesses strong anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activity. The expression of anti-oxidant proteins Nrf-2 and HO-1, tumor suppressors P53 and p-PTEN, and the MAPK pathways in tumor tissues were upregulated by FAE treatment. These data demonstrated that FAE exhibited strong antitumor activity against B16-F10 murine melanoma both in vitro and in vivo. The antitumor effect of FAE involved decreases in oxidative stress and inflammation in the tumor, which is closely related to the heat-clearing and detoxicating properties of FAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaolin Bao
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, P.R. China
| | - Renbo Ding
- † Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, P.R. China
| | - Lidi Zou
- ‡ Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, P.R. China
| | - Chao Zhang
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, P.R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, P.R. China
| | - Fang Liu
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, P.R. China
| | - Peng Li
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, P.R. China
| | - Meiwan Chen
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Bo Wan
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, P.R. China
| | - Huanxing Su
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, P.R. China
| | - Yitao Wang
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, P.R. China
| | - Chengwei He
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, P.R. China
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