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Chen T, Zhou N, Liang Q, Li Q, Li B, Chu Y, Zhang D, Chen Z, Tsao JR, Feng X, Hu K. Biochanin A: Disrupting the inflammatory vicious cycle for dry eye disease. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 977:176583. [PMID: 38679123 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is a complex disorder driven by several factors like reduced tear production, increased evaporation, or poor tear quality. Oxidative stress plays a key role by exacerbating the inflammatory cycle. Previous studies explored antioxidants for DED treatment due to the link between oxidative damage and inflammation. Biochanin A (BCA) is a bioisoflavone from red clover with potent anti-inflammatory effects. This study investigated BCA's therapeutic potential for DED. Human corneal epithelial cells were cultured under hyperosmotic conditions to mimic DED. BCA treatment increased cell viability and decreased apoptosis and inflammatory cytokine expression. A DED mouse model was developed using female C57BL/6 mice in a controlled low-humidity environment combined with scopolamine injections. Mice received eye drops containing phosphate-buffered saline, low-dose BCA, or high-dose BCA. The effectiveness was evaluated by measuring tear volume, fluorescein staining, eye-closing ratio, corneal sensitivity and PAS staining. The levels of inflammatory components in corneas and conjunctiva were measured to assess DED severity. Maturation of antigen-presenting cells in cervical lymph nodes was analyzed by flow cytometry. BCA eye drops effectively reduced inflammation associated with DED in mice. BCA also decreased oxidative stress levels by reducing reactive oxygen species and enhancing the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). These findings demonstrate that BCA ameliorates oxidative stress and ocular surface inflammation, indicating potential as a DED treatment by relieving oxidative damage and mitigating inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taige Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China; Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Nan Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 Qingchun East Road, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Boda Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiran Chu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zeying Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia-Ruei Tsao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuebing Feng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Kai Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China.
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Ge W, Yuan G, Wang D, Dong L. Exploring the therapeutic mechanisms and prognostic targets of Biochanin A in glioblastoma via integrated computational analysis and in vitro experiments. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3783. [PMID: 38360888 PMCID: PMC10869694 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53442-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive brain tumor and is characterized by a poor prognosis and high recurrence and mortality rates. Biochanin A (BCA) exhibits promising clinical anti-tumor effects. In this study, we aimed to explore the pharmacological mechanisms by which BCA acts against GBM. Network pharmacology was employed to identify overlapping target genes between BCA and GBM. Differentially expressed genes from the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 (GEPIA2) database were visualized using VolcaNose. Interactions among these overlapping genes were analyzed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins database. Protein-protein interaction networks were constructed using Cytoscape 3.8.1. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway and Gene Ontology enrichment analyses were conducted using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery. Survival analyses for these genes were performed using the GEPIA2 database. The Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas database was used to study the correlations between key prognostic genes. Molecular docking was confirmed using the DockThor database and visualized with PyMol software. Cell viability was assessed via the CCK-8 assay, apoptosis and the cell cycle stages were examined using flow cytometry, and protein expression was detected using western blotting. In all, 63 genes were initially identified as potential targets for BCA in treating GBM. Enrichment analysis suggested that the pharmacological mechanisms of BCA primarily involved cell cycle inhibition, induction of cell apoptosis, and immune regulation. Based on these findings, AKT1, EGFR, CASP3, and MMP9 were preliminarily predicted as key prognostic target genes for BCA in GBM treatment. Furthermore, molecular docking analysis suggested stable binding of BCA to the target protein. In vitro experiments revealed the efficacy of BCA in inhibiting GBM, with an IC50 value of 98.37 ± 2.21 μM. BCA inhibited cell proliferation, induced cell apoptosis, and arrested the cell cycle of GBM cells. Furthermore, the anti-tumor effects of BCA on U251 cells were linked to the regulation of the target protein. We utilized integrated bioinformatics analyses to predict targets and confirmed through experiments that BCA possesses remarkable anti-tumor activities. We present a novel approach for multi-target treatment of GBM using BCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanwen Ge
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Guoqiang Yuan
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Dongping Wang
- Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Li Dong
- Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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3
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Feng Z, Zhang N, Bai J, Lin QY, Xie Y, Xia YL. Biochanin A inhibits cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in vivo and in vitro. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116002. [PMID: 38091641 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The heart undergoes pathological cardiac hypertrophy as an adaptive response to prolonged pathological stimulation, leading to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, fibroblast proliferation, and an increase in extracellular matrix. Chinese medicine monomers are now receiving much attention for the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial remodeling. Biochanin A (BCA) is a kind of flavonoid structural monomer, which has a certain therapeutic effect on bone thinning disease, aging syndrome, lung cancer, etc. Moreover, it exhibits hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, anti-bacteria and other pharmacological properties. It is still unknown whether BCA has an impact on the mechanism of TAC-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Here, cardiac remodeling was induced by TAC. BCA was injected intraperitoneally at 25 and 50 mg/kg/day one week in advance. Masson, WGA, DHE and other pathological staining and serum were used to detect the inhibitory effect of BCA on cardiac hypertrophy in mice. The anti-hypertrophic effect of BCA was demonstrated by studying the pathological manifestations of Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) and cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) in vitro. The results showed that BCA significantly reduced TAC-induced fibrosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, and myocardial hypertrophy. BCA inhibited Ang II-induced cell hypertrophy and oxidative stress in NRCMs in vitro and Ang II-induced CF migration, proliferation, and collagen secretion. This suggests that BCA plays a key role in inhibiting the progression of myocardial remodeling, suggesting that BCA may be a promising agent for the treatment of myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Feng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The first affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningning Zhang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Bai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu-Yue Lin
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The first affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunpeng Xie
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The first affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yun-Long Xia
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The first affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China.
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Liao X, Han Y, Shen C, Liu J, Wang Y. Targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome for the treatment of hypertensive target organ damage: Role of natural products and formulations. Phytother Res 2023; 37:5622-5638. [PMID: 37690983 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Hypertension is a major global health problem that causes target organ damage (TOD) in the heart, brain, kidney, and blood vessels. The mechanisms of hypertensive TOD are not fully understood, and its treatment is challenging. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge on the role of Nod-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in hypertensive TOD and the natural products and formulations that inhibit it. METHODS We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and CNKI for relevant articles using the keywords "hypertension," "target organ damage," "NLRP3 inflammasome," "natural products," and "formulations." We reviewed the effects of the NLRP3 inflammasome on hypertensive TOD in different organs and discussed the natural products and formulations that modulate it. KEY RESULTS In hypertensive TOD, the NLRP3 inflammasome is activated by various stimuli such as oxidative stress and inflammation. Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome leads to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines that exacerbate tissue damage and dysfunction. Natural products and formulations, including curcumin, resveratrol, triptolide, and allicin, have shown protective effects against hypertensive TOD by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The NLRP3 inflammasome is a promising therapeutic target in hypertensive TOD. Natural products and formulations that inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome may provide novel drug candidates or therapies for hypertensive TOD. Further studies are needed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms and optimize the dosages of these natural products and formulations and evaluate their clinical efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Liao
- Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yuanshan Han
- Scientific Research Department, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Chuanpu Shen
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Key laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune medicines, Ministry of Education, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University Hefei, Hefei, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yuhong Wang
- Institute of Innovation and Applied Research in Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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Ibrahim MY, Alamri ZZ, Juma ASM, Hamood SA, Shareef SH, Abdulla MA, Jayash SN. Hepatoprotective Effects of Biochanin A on Thioacetamide-Induced Liver Cirrhosis in Experimental Rats. Molecules 2023; 28:7608. [PMID: 38005330 PMCID: PMC10674479 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The protective effect of biochanin A (BCA) on the histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and biochemistry of thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver cirrhosis in vivo was investigated. There was a significant reduction in liver weight and hepatocyte propagation, with much lower cell injury in rat groups treated with BCA (25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg) following a TAA induction. These groups had significantly lower levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). The liver homogenates showed increased antioxidant enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), as well as decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. The serum biomarkers associated with liver function, namely alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and gamma glutamyl transaminase (GGT), returned to normal levels, comparable to those observed in both the normal control group and the reference control group. Taken together, the normal microanatomy of hepatocytes, the inhibition of PCNA and α-SMA, improved antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GPx), and condensed MDA with repairs of liver biomarkers validated BCA's hepatoprotective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zaenah Zuhair Alamri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ameena S. M. Juma
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq; (A.S.M.J.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Sarah Ashour Hamood
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Al-Essra University College, Baghdad 10011, Iraq;
| | - Suhayla Hamad Shareef
- Department of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq;
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq; (A.S.M.J.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Soher Nagi Jayash
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
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Tan H, Wang F, Hu J, Duan X, Bai W, Wang X, Wang B, Su Y, Hu J. Inhibitory interaction of flavonoids with organic cation transporter 2 and their structure-activity relationships for predicting nephroprotective effects. J Appl Toxicol 2023; 43:1421-1435. [PMID: 37057715 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2) is mainly responsible for the renal secretion of various cationic drugs, closely associated with drug-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). Screening and identifying potent OCT2 inhibitors with little toxicity in natural products in reducing OCT2-mediated AKI is of great value. Flavonoids are enriched in various vegetables, fruits, and herbal products, and some were reported to produce transporter-mediated drug-drug interactions. This study aimed to screen potential inhibitors of OCT2 from 96 flavonoids, assess the nephroprotective effects on cisplatin-induced kidney injury, and clarify the structure-activity relationships of flavonoids with OCT2. Ten flavonoids exhibited significant inhibition (>50%) on OCT2 in OCT2-HEK293 cells. Among them, the six most potent flavonoid inhibitors, including pectolinarigenin, biochanin A, luteolin, chrysin, 6-hydroxyflavone, and 6-methylflavone markedly decreased cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity. Moreover, in cisplatin-induced renal injury models, they also reduced serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels to different degrees, the best of which was 6-methylflavone. The pharmacophore model clarified that the aromatic ring, hydrogen bond acceptors, and hydrogen bond donors might play a vital role in the inhibitory effect of flavonoids on OCT2. Thus, our findings would pave the way to predicting the potential risks of flavonoid-containing food/herb-drug interactions in humans and optimizing flavonoid structure to alleviate OCT2-related AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixin Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD study, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drug Ability Evaluation, Department of Drug Metabolism, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Fenghe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD study, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drug Ability Evaluation, Department of Drug Metabolism, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jiahuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD study, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drug Ability Evaluation, Department of Drug Metabolism, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xiaoyan Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD study, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drug Ability Evaluation, Department of Drug Metabolism, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Wanting Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD study, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drug Ability Evaluation, Department of Drug Metabolism, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xinbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD study, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drug Ability Evaluation, Department of Drug Metabolism, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Baolian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD study, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drug Ability Evaluation, Department of Drug Metabolism, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yan Su
- Department of Health Management and Service, Cangzhou Medical College, Hebei, 061001, China
| | - Jinping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD study, Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Drug Ability Evaluation, Department of Drug Metabolism, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
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Singh L, Kaur N, Bhatti R. Neuroprotective potential of biochanin-A and review of the molecular mechanisms involved. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:5369-5378. [PMID: 37039995 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08397-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Biochanin-A is a naturally occurring plant phytoestrogen, which mimics specific the agonistic activity of estrogens. Biochanin-A is known to possess numerous activities, including neuroprotective, anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities, along with the anticancer activity. Neuroinflammation is thought to play a pivotal pathological role in neurodegenerative disease. Sustained neuroinflammatory processes lead to progressive neuronal damage in Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. Activation of PI3K/Akt cascade and inhibition of MAPK signaling cascade have been observed to be responsible for conferring protection against neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases. An increased oxidative stress promotes neuronal apoptosis via potentiating the TLR-4/NF-κB and inhibiting PI3K/Akt signaling mediated increase in pro-apoptotic and decreases in antiapoptotic proteins. Various authors have explored biochanin-A's neuroprotective effect by using various cell lines and animal models. Biochanin-A has been reported to mediate its neuroprotective via reducing the level of oxidants, inflammatory mediators, MAPK, TLR-4, NF-κB, NADPH oxidase, AchE, COX-2 and iNOS. Whereas, it has been observed to increase the level of anti-oxidants, along with phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt proteins. The current review has been designed to provide insights into the neuroprotective effect of biochanin-A and possible signaling pathways leading to protection against neuroinflammation and apoptosis in the central nervous system. This review will be helpful in guiding future researchers to further explore biochanin A at a mechanistic level to obtain useful lead molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lovedeep Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India.
| | - Navneet Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Rajbir Bhatti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
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Zhao Y, Zhai G, Li X, Tao H, Li L, He Y, Zhang X, Wang F, Hong G, Zhu Y. Metabolomics Reveals Nutritional Diversity among Six Coarse Cereals and Antioxidant Activity Analysis of Grain Sorghum and Sweet Sorghum. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11101984. [PMID: 36290708 PMCID: PMC9598553 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Coarse cereals are rich in dietary fiber, B vitamins, minerals, secondary metabolites, and other bioactive components, which exert numerous health benefits. To better understand the diversity of metabolites in different coarse cereals, we performed widely targeted metabolic profiling analyses of six popular coarse cereals, millet, coix, buckwheat, quinoa, oat, and grain sorghum, of which 768 metabolites are identified. Moreover, quinoa and buckwheat showed significantly different metabolomic profiles compared with other coarse cereals. Analysis of the accumulation patterns of common nutritional metabolites among six coarse cereals, we found that the accumulation of carbohydrates follows a conserved pattern in the six coarse cereals, while those of amino acids, vitamins, flavonoids, and lipids were complementary. Furthermore, the species-specific metabolites in each coarse cereal were identified, and the neighbor-joining tree for the six coarse cereals was constructed based on the metabolome data. Since sorghum contains more species-specific metabolites and occupies a unique position on the neighbor-joining tree, the metabolite differences between grain sorghum 654 and sweet sorghum LTR108 were finally compared specifically, revealing that LTR108 contained more flavonoids and had higher antioxidant activity than 654. Our work supports an overview understanding of nutrient value in different coarse cereals, which provides the metabolomic evidence for the healthy diet. Additionally, the superior antioxidant activity of sweet sorghum provides clues for its targeted uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Guowei Zhai
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Xuetong Li
- Central Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Han Tao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Linying Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Yuqing He
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Fulin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Gaojie Hong
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Correspondence: (G.H.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
- Correspondence: (G.H.); (Y.Z.)
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Felix FB, Vago JP, Beltrami VA, Araújo JMD, Grespan R, Teixeira MM, Pinho V. Biochanin A as a modulator of the inflammatory response: an updated overview and therapeutic potential. Pharmacol Res 2022; 180:106246. [PMID: 35562014 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Uncontrolled inflammation and failure to resolve the inflammatory response are crucial factors involved in the progress of inflammatory diseases. Current therapeutic strategies aimed at controlling excessive inflammation are effective in some cases, though they may be accompanied by severe side effects, such as immunosuppression. Phytochemicals as a therapeutic alternative can have a fundamental impact on the different stages of inflammation and its resolution. Biochanin A (BCA) is an isoflavone known for its wide range of pharmacological properties, especially its marked anti-inflammatory effects. Recent studies have provided evidence of BCA's abilities to activate events essential for resolving inflammation. In this review, we summarize the most recent findings from pre-clinical studies of the pharmacological effects of BCA on the complex signaling network associated with the onset and resolution of inflammation and BCA's potential protective functionality in several models of inflammatory diseases, such as arthritis, pulmonary disease, neuroinflammation, and metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franciel Batista Felix
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Juliana Priscila Vago
- Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Vinícius Amorim Beltrami
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Renata Grespan
- Cell Migration Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristovão, Brazil
| | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Pinho
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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Suvarna V, Bore B, Bhawar C, Mallya R. Complexation of phytochemicals with cyclodextrins and their derivatives- an update. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112862. [PMID: 35339826 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactive phytochemicals from natural source have gained tremendous interest over several decades due to their wide and diverse therapeutic activities playing key role as functional food supplements, pharmaceutical and nutraceutical products. Nevertheless, their application as therapeutically active moieties and formulation into novel drug delivery systems are hindered due to major drawbacks such as poor solubility, bioavailability and dissolution rate and instability contributing to reduction in bioactivity. These drawbacks can be effectively overcome by their complexation with different cyclodextrins. Present article discusses complexation of phytochemicals varying from flavonoids, phenolics, triterpenes, and tropolone with different natural and synthetic cyclodextrins. Moreover, the article summarizes complexation methods, complexation efficiency, stability, stability constants and enhancement in rate and extent of dissolution, bioavailability, solubility, in vivo and in vitro activities of reported complexed phytochemicals. Additionally, the article presents update of published patent details comprising of complexed phytochemicals of therapeutic significance. Thus, phytochemical cyclodextrin complexes have tremendous potential for transformation into drug delivery systems as substantiated by significant outcome of research findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasanti Suvarna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Bhunesh Bore
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India
| | - Chaitanya Bhawar
- Department of Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rashmi Mallya
- Department of Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai 400056, Maharashtra, India
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An J, Peng C, Xie X, Peng F. New Advances in Targeted Therapy of HER2-Negative Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:828438. [PMID: 35311116 PMCID: PMC8931202 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.828438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer has an extremely high incidence in women, and its morbidity and mortality rank first among female tumors. With the increasing development of molecular biology and genomics, molecular targeted therapy has become one of the most active areas in breast cancer treatment research and has also achieved remarkable achievements. However, molecular targeted therapy is mainly aimed at HER2-positive breast cancer and has not yet achieved satisfactory curative effect on HER2-negative breast cancer. This article describes the potential targets that may be used for breast cancer treatment from the aspects of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, DDR, angiogenesis, the cell cycle, breast cancer stem cells, etc., and explores possible inhibitors for the treatment of HER2-negative breast cancer, such as PI3K inhibitors, AKT inhibitors and m-TOR inhibitors that inhibit the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors that restrain angiogenesis, CDK inhibitors, aurora kinase inhibitors and HDAC inhibitors that block cell cycle, as well as the drugs targeting breast cancer stem cells which have been a hit, aiming to provide a new idea and strategy for the treatment of HER2-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsha An
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaofang Xie
- State Key Laboratory Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fu Peng
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Fu Peng,
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