1
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Mgidlana S, Oluwole DO, Nyokong T. Fabrication of efficient nonlinear optical absorber using Zn phthalocyanine-semiconductor quantum dots conjugates. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2018.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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2
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Nwaji N, Dingiswayo S, Mack J, Nyokong T. Photophysical and enhanced nonlinear optical response in asymmetric benzothiazole substituted phthalocyanine covalently linked to semiconductor quantum dots. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 204:629-639. [PMID: 29980065 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.06.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of asymmetric benzothiazole substituted phthalocyanines (complexes 3 to 5) and their covalent attachment to glutathione (GSH) functionalized quantum dots (QDs) are reported in this work. Additionally, their photophysical and nonlinear optical properties were investigated. A decrease in the fluorescence quantum yield with corresponding increase in the triplet quantum yield was observed when the complexes were covalently linked to glutathione (GSH) functionalized cadmium telluride (CdTe) quantum dots. Reverse saturable absorption was found to be predominantly dominated by excited state absorption. The observed limiting threshold values range from 0.29-0.75 J/cm2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Njemuwa Nwaji
- Centre for Nanotechnology Innovation, Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - Somila Dingiswayo
- Centre for Nanotechnology Innovation, Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - John Mack
- Centre for Nanotechnology Innovation, Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - Tebello Nyokong
- Centre for Nanotechnology Innovation, Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa.
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3
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Zhang W, He C, Zhang L, Jiang L, Yuan Y, Wang B. The high-order optical nonlinearity of 2,11,20,29-tetrabromo-2,3-naphthalocyanine iron. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2018. [DOI: 10.1142/s108842461850075x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A novel naphthalocyanine 2,11,20,29-tetrabromo-2,3-naphthalocyanine iron was synthetized. Its optical nonlinearity was investigated using the Z-scan technique. Reverse saturable absorption and high-order optical nonlinear refraction were detected. The absorption cross sections of the ground state, the singlet first excited state and the triplet first excited state were fitted to be 3.2 × 10[Formula: see text] cm[Formula: see text], 6.2 × 10[Formula: see text] cm[Formula: see text] and 4.6 × 10[Formula: see text] cm[Formula: see text], respectively. Fits also gave 1.17 × 10[Formula: see text] cm[Formula: see text] for the refractive volume of the ground state, 0.6 for the ratio of the refractive volume of the singlet first excited state to the ground state and 2.7 for the ratio of refractive volume of the first triplet excited state to the ground state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Zhang
- Research Center of Space Optical Engineering, School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Chunying He
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Lining Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Research Center of Space Optical Engineering, School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yijun Yuan
- College of Physics Science and Engineering Technology, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi Province, 336000, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
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4
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Ngoy BP, Hlatshwayo Z, Nwaji N, Fomo G, Mack J, Nyokong T. Photophysical and optical limiting properties at 532 nm of BODIPY dyes with p-benzyloxystyryl groups at the 3,5-positions. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2018. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424617500857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of a series of 3,5-di-[Formula: see text]-benzyloxystyrylBODIPY dyes with different substituents at the meso-aryl position is reported. The photophysical and nonlinear optical properties are described. BODIPYs of this type are found to be suitable for optical limiting at 532 nm on the nanosecond timescale. An enhancement of the population of the T[Formula: see text] state through the incorporation of bromine atoms at the 2,6-positions does not result in an enhancement of the optical limiting properties on a nanosecond timescale. This suggests that, in contrast with phthalocyanines, access to excited state absorption (ESA) from the T[Formula: see text] state through the introduction of a heavy atom effect does not provide a significantly improved reverse saturable absorbance response compared to ESA from the S[Formula: see text] state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bokolombe P. Ngoy
- Centre for Nanotechnology Innovation, Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - Zweli Hlatshwayo
- Centre for Nanotechnology Innovation, Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - Njemuwa Nwaji
- Centre for Nanotechnology Innovation, Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - Gertrude Fomo
- Centre for Nanotechnology Innovation, Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - John Mack
- Centre for Nanotechnology Innovation, Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - Tebello Nyokong
- Centre for Nanotechnology Innovation, Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
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Mwanza D, Louzada M, Britton J, Sekhosana E, Khene S, Nyokong T, Mashazi P. The effect of the cobalt and manganese central metal ions on the nonlinear optical properties of tetra(4-propargyloxyphenoxy)phthalocyanines. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj00748a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The phthalocyanines were investigated as optical limiters. The paramagnetic complexes were not effective owing to quenching of the excited states.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Mwanza
- Department of Chemistry
- Rhodes University
- Grahamstown
- South Africa
| | - M. Louzada
- Department of Chemistry
- Rhodes University
- Grahamstown
- South Africa
| | - J. Britton
- Department of Chemistry
- Rhodes University
- Grahamstown
- South Africa
- RU/DST Centre for Nanotechnology Innovation
| | - E. Sekhosana
- Department of Chemistry
- Rhodes University
- Grahamstown
- South Africa
- RU/DST Centre for Nanotechnology Innovation
| | - S. Khene
- Department of Chemistry
- Rhodes University
- Grahamstown
- South Africa
| | - T. Nyokong
- Department of Chemistry
- Rhodes University
- Grahamstown
- South Africa
- RU/DST Centre for Nanotechnology Innovation
| | - P. Mashazi
- Department of Chemistry
- Rhodes University
- Grahamstown
- South Africa
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Britton J, Martynov AG, Oluwole DO, Gorbunova YG, Tsivadze AY, Nyokong T. Improvement of nonlinear optical properties of phthalocyanine bearing diethyleneglycole chains: Influence of symmetry lowering vs. heavy atom effect. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2016. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424616501042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports the successful synthesis of the low symmetry phthalocyanines: metal-free 2,3-bis[2′-(2′′-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]-9,10,16,17,23,24-hexa-[Formula: see text]-butoxyphthalocyanine 1H[Formula: see text] and its zinc complex 1Zn along with their nonlinear optical (NLO) behavior in solution and in thin films. 1H NMR investigations evidenced of higher dissymmetry of electronic density in 1H[Formula: see text] in comparison with 1Zn. This dissymmetry is responsible for unusually higher values of Im[[Formula: see text]]/[Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] for 1H[Formula: see text]in contrast to 1Zn, where the notable effect of heavy-metal enhancement of ISC was expected. Both compounds showed Im[[Formula: see text]]/[Formula: see text] values of the order of 10[Formula: see text] in chloroform which are higher in comparison to the symmetrical octabutoxyphthalocyanine H2[(BuO)8Pc]. NLO properties of 1H[Formula: see text] were improved via its incorporation into polycarbonate polymeric matrix together with CdSe@CdS-TOPO quantum dots. In such composite the value of Im[[Formula: see text]]/[Formula: see text] was almost three times higher in comparison with 1H[Formula: see text] solution in chloroform. The obtained composites are expected to be perspective components of optical materials, capable of protection against strong light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Britton
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - Alexander G. Martynov
- A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 31, building 4, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - David O. Oluwole
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - Yulia G. Gorbunova
- A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 31, building 4, 119071 Moscow, Russia
- N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Aslan Yu. Tsivadze
- A.N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 31, building 4, 119071 Moscow, Russia
- N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tebello Nyokong
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
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Dini D, Calvete MJF, Hanack M. Nonlinear Optical Materials for the Smart Filtering of Optical Radiation. Chem Rev 2016; 116:13043-13233. [PMID: 27933768 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The control of luminous radiation has extremely important implications for modern and future technologies as well as in medicine. In this Review, we detail chemical structures and their relevant photophysical features for various groups of materials, including organic dyes such as metalloporphyrins and metallophthalocyanines (and derivatives), other common organic materials, mixed metal complexes and clusters, fullerenes, dendrimeric nanocomposites, polymeric materials (organic and/or inorganic), inorganic semiconductors, and other nanoscopic materials, utilized or potentially useful for the realization of devices able to filter in a smart way an external radiation. The concept of smart is referred to the characteristic of those materials that are capable to filter the radiation in a dynamic way without the need of an ancillary system for the activation of the required transmission change. In particular, this Review gives emphasis to the nonlinear optical properties of photoactive materials for the function of optical power limiting. All known mechanisms of optical limiting have been analyzed and discussed for the different types of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Dini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome "La Sapienza" , P.le Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Mário J F Calvete
- CQC, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra , Rua Larga, P 3004-535 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Michael Hanack
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen , Auf der Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Enhanced nonlinear optical responses of zinc diaminopyrimidin-2-ylthio phthalocyanine conjugated to AgxAuy alloy nanoparticles. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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9
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Optical limiting response of multi-walled carbon nanotube-phthalocyanine nanocomposite in solution and when in poly (acrylic acid). J Mol Struct 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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Nonlinear optical response of a low symmetry phthalocyanine in the presence of gold nanoparticles when in solution or embedded in poly acrylic acid polymer thin films. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2015.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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11
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Bankole OM, Nyokong T. Mercaptopyridine-substituted indium, zinc, and metal-free phthalocyanines: nonlinear optical studies in solution and on polymer matrices. J COORD CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2015.1077237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tebello Nyokong
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
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12
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Kaipova S, Dinçer H, Altindal A. Synthesis, characterization, conduction, and dielectric properties of tetra tert-butylsulfanyl substituted phthalocyanines. J COORD CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2014.992340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saida Kaipova
- Department of Chemistry, İstanbul Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Hatice Dinçer
- Department of Chemistry, İstanbul Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Altindal
- Department of Physics, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
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Swain D, Singh VK, Krishna NV, Giribabu L, Rao SV. Optical, electrochemical, third-order nonlinear optical, and excited state dynamics studies of thio-zinc phthalocyanine. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2014. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424614500035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Zinc phthalocyanine with S-aryl groups at α-positions have been synthesized and its optical, emission, electrochemical and third-order nonlinear optical properties were investigated. Both the Soret and Q-bands were red-shifted and obeyed Beer–Lambert's law. Electrochemical properties indicated that both oxidation and reduction processes were ring centered. Emission spectra were recorded in different solvents and the fluorescence yields obtained were in the range of 0.02 while time-resolved fluorescence data revealed lifetimes of typically few ns. Excited state dynamics in this novel thio-zinc phthalocyanine molecule has been investigated using femtosecond (fs) degenerate pump-probe spectroscopy. Nonlinear optical properties of this molecule have been examined using the Z-scan technique with picosecond (ps) and fs pulses. Both open and closed aperture Z-scan curves were recorded with ~2 ps/~150 fs laser pulses at a wavelength of 800 nm and nonlinear optical coefficients were extracted from both the studies. Degenerate pump-probe data performed at 600 nm suggested a single long lifetime of ~300 ps, possibly originating from the non-radiative decay of S1 state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasis Swain
- Advanced Centre of Research in High Energy Materials (ACRHEM), University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Varun K. Singh
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Narra V. Krishna
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - L. Giribabu
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - S. Venugopal Rao
- Advanced Centre of Research in High Energy Materials (ACRHEM), University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
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Britton J, Durmuş M, Chauke V, Nyokong T. Poly methyl methacrylate films containing metallophthalocyanines in the presence of CdTe quantum dots: Non-linear optical behaviour and triplet state lifetimes. J Mol Struct 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2013.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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