1
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Cristofaro S, Querciagrossa L, Soprani L, Fraccia TP, Bellini T, Berardi R, Arcioni A, Zannoni C, Muccioli L, Orlandi S. Simulating the Lyotropic Phase Behavior of a Partially Self-Complementary DNA Tetramer. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:3920-3929. [PMID: 38826125 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
DNA oligomers in solution have been found to develop liquid crystal phases via a hierarchical process that involves Watson-Crick base pairing, supramolecular assembly into columns of duplexes, and long-range ordering. The multiscale nature of this phenomenon makes it difficult to quantitatively describe and assess the importance of the various contributions, particularly for very short strands. We performed molecular dynamics simulations based on the coarse-grained oxDNA model, aiming to depict all of the assembly processes involved and the phase behavior of solutions of the DNA GCCG tetramers. We find good quantitative matching to experimental data at both levels of molecular association (thermal melting) and collective ordering (phase diagram). We characterize the isotropic state and the low-density nematic and high-density columnar liquid crystal phases in terms of molecular order, size of aggregates, and structure, together with their effects on diffusivity processes. We observe a cooperative aggregation mechanism in which the formation of dimers is less thermodynamically favored than the formation of longer aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Cristofaro
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, Bologna 40136, Italy
| | - Lara Querciagrossa
- CINECA, Via Magnanelli 6/3, Casalecchio di Reno 40033, Italy
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, Bologna 40136, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Soprani
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, Bologna 40136, Italy
| | - Tommaso P Fraccia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Tommaso Bellini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Mediche e Medicina Traslazionale, Università di Milano, Via Vanvitelli 32, Milano 20129, Italy
| | - Roberto Berardi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, Bologna 40136, Italy
| | - Alberto Arcioni
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, Bologna 40136, Italy
| | - Claudio Zannoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, Bologna 40136, Italy
| | - Luca Muccioli
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, Bologna 40136, Italy
| | - Silvia Orlandi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Università di Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento 4, Bologna 40136, Italy
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2
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Ghosal S, Bag S, Chinnadurai RK, Mukherjee M, Pramanik G, Bhowmik S. Investigating the preferential interaction between imatinib mesylate and VEGF G-quadruplex DNA as therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment: Biophysical and molecular modelling approaches. Comput Biol Med 2024; 177:108683. [PMID: 38838555 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
G-Quadruplex DNA (GQ-DNA) is one of the most important non-canonical nucleic acid structures. GQ-DNA forming sequences are present in different crucial genomic regions and are abundant in promoter regions of several oncogenes. Therefore, GQ-DNA is an important target for anticancer drugs and hence binding interactions between GQ-DNA and small molecule ligands are of great importance. Since GQ-DNA is a highly polymorphic structure, it is important to identify ligand molecules which preferentially target a particular quadruplex sequence. In this present study, we have used a FDA approved drug called imatinib mesylate (ligand) which is a selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor, successfully used for the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukaemia, gastrointestinal stromal tumours. Different spectroscopic techniques as well as molecular docking investigations and molecular simulations have been used to explore the interaction between imatinib mesylate with VEGF GQ DNA structures along with duplex DNA, C-Myc, H-Telo GQ DNA. We found that imatinib mesylate shows preferential interaction towards VEGF GQ DNA compared to C-Myc, H-Telo GQ and duplex DNA. Imatinib mesylate seems to be an efficient ligand for VEGF GQ DNA, suggesting that it might be used to regulate the expression of genes in cancerous cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souvik Ghosal
- Mahatma Gandhi Medical Advanced Research Institute (MGMARI), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pondy-Cuddalore Main Road, Pillaiyarkuppam, Pondicherry, 607402, India
| | - Sagar Bag
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Raj Kumar Chinnadurai
- Mahatma Gandhi Medical Advanced Research Institute (MGMARI), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pondy-Cuddalore Main Road, Pillaiyarkuppam, Pondicherry, 607402, India
| | - Moupriya Mukherjee
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Kolkata Centre, Sector III, LB-8, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata, 700 106, India
| | - Goutam Pramanik
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Kolkata Centre, Sector III, LB-8, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata, 700 106, India
| | - Sudipta Bhowmik
- Mahatma Gandhi Medical Advanced Research Institute (MGMARI), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pondy-Cuddalore Main Road, Pillaiyarkuppam, Pondicherry, 607402, India; Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, 700009, India.
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3
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Gorb L, Voiteshenko I, Hurmach V, Zarudnaya M, Nyporko A, Shyryna T, Platonov M, Roszak S, Rasulev B. From RNA sequence to its three-dimensional structure: geometrical structure, stability and dynamics of selected fragments of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. NAR Genom Bioinform 2024; 6:lqae062. [PMID: 38835951 PMCID: PMC11148665 DOI: 10.1093/nargab/lqae062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
In this computational study, we explore the folding of a particular sequence using various computational tools to produce two-dimensional structures, which are then transformed into three-dimensional structures. We then study the geometry, energetics and dynamics of these structures using full electron quantum-chemical and classical molecular dynamics calculations. Our study focuses on the SARS-CoV-2 RNA fragment GGaGGaGGuguugcaGG and its various structures, including a G-quadruplex and five different hairpins. We examine the impact of two types of counterions (K+ and Na+) and flanking nucleotides on their geometrical characteristics, relative stability and dynamic properties. Our results show that the G-quadruplex structure is the most stable among the constructed hairpins. We confirm its topological stability through molecular dynamics simulations. Furthermore, we observe that the nucleotide loop consisting of seven nucleotides is the most flexible part of the RNA fragment. Additionally, we find that RNA networks of intermolecular hydrogen bonds are highly sensitive to the surrounding environment. Our findings reveal the loss of 79 old hydrogen bonds and the formation of 91 new ones in the case when the G-quadruplex containing flanking nucleotides is additionally stabilized by Na+ counterions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonid Gorb
- Department of Molecular and Quantum Biophysics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150, Akademika Zabolotnoho Str., Kyiv 03143, Ukraine
| | - Ivan Voiteshenko
- Department of Molecular and Quantum Biophysics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150, Akademika Zabolotnoho Str., Kyiv 03143, Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Street, Kyiv01033, Ukraine
| | - Vasyl Hurmach
- Department of Molecular and Quantum Biophysics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150, Akademika Zabolotnoho Str., Kyiv 03143, Ukraine
| | - Margarita Zarudnaya
- Department of Molecular and Quantum Biophysics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150, Akademika Zabolotnoho Str., Kyiv 03143, Ukraine
| | - Alex Nyporko
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 60 Volodymyrska Street, Kyiv01033, Ukraine
| | - Tetiana Shyryna
- Department of Molecular and Quantum Biophysics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150, Akademika Zabolotnoho Str., Kyiv 03143, Ukraine
| | - Maksym Platonov
- Department of Molecular and Quantum Biophysics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150, Akademika Zabolotnoho Str., Kyiv 03143, Ukraine
| | - Szczepan Roszak
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 50-370Wrocław, Poland
| | - Bakhtiyor Rasulev
- Department of Coatings and Polymer Materials, North Dakota State University, NDSU Department 2760, PO Box 6050, Fargo, ND 58108, USA
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4
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Karabıyık H, Karaer Tunçay A, Ilhan S, Atmaca H, Türkmen H. Synthesis and Characterization of Piano-Stool Ruthenium(II)-Arene Complexes of Isatin Schiff Bases: Cytotoxicity and DNA Intercalation. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:19136-19147. [PMID: 38708280 PMCID: PMC11064044 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
A series of aryl-isatin Schiff base derivatives (3a-d) and their piano-stool ruthenium complexes (4a-d) were synthesized and characterized via 1H and 13C NMR and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. In addition, the purity of all of the compounds (3a-c and 4a-d) was determined via elemental analysis. Complex 4d was analyzed using X-ray crystallography. An in vitro antiproliferative study of the compounds (3a-c and 4a-d) against human hepatocellular carcinoma (HEPG2), human breast cancer (MCF-7), human prostate cancer (PC-3), and human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) cells exhibited their considerable antiproliferative activity. 4d exhibited effective cytotoxicity against HEPG2 and MCF-7. It displayed higher cytotoxicity than the reference metallo-drug cisplatin. Moreover, the stability of 4d was studied via 1H NMR spectroscopy, and the binding model between 4d and DNA was investigated via ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. The lipophilicity of the synthesized complexes was determined using an extraction method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hande Karabıyık
- Faculty
of Science, Department of Physics, Dokuz
Eylül University, Izmir 35390, Turkey
| | - Aslıhan Karaer Tunçay
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir 35100, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Ilhan
- Department
of Biology, Faculty of Engineering and Natural
Sciences Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa 45140, Turkey
| | - Harika Atmaca
- Department
of Biology, Faculty of Engineering and Natural
Sciences Manisa Celal Bayar University, Manisa 45140, Turkey
| | - Hayati Türkmen
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir 35100, Turkey
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5
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Belletto D, Ponte F, Sanna N, Scoditti S, Sicilia E. G-quadruplex DNA selective targeting for anticancer therapy: a computational study of a novel Pt II monofunctional complex activated by adaptive binding. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:13517-13527. [PMID: 37718620 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02678g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Targeting of G-quadruplex (G-Q) nucleic acids, which are helical four-stranded structures formed from guanine-rich nucleic acid sequences, has emerged in recent years as an appealing opportunity for drug intervention in anticancer therapy. Small-molecule drugs can stabilize quadruplex structures, promoting selective downregulation of gene expression and telomerase inhibition and also activating DNA damage responses. Thus, rational design of small molecular ligands able to selectively interact with and stabilize G-Q structures is a promising strategy for developing potent anti-cancer drugs with selective toxicity towards cancer cells over normal ones. Here, the outcomes of a thorough computational investigation of a recently synthesized monofunctional PtII complex (Pt1), whose selectivity for G-Q is activated by what is called adaptive binding, are reported. Quantum mechanics and molecular dynamics calculations have been employed for studying the classical key steps of the mechanism of action of PtII complexes, the conversion of the non-charged and non-planar Pt1 complex into a planar and charged PtII (Pt2) complex able to play the role of a G-Q binder and, finally, the interaction of Pt2 with G-Q. The information obtained from such an investigation allows us to rationalize the behavior of the novel PtII complex proposed to be activated by adaptive binding toward selective interaction with G-Q or similar molecules and can be exploited for designing ligands with more effective recognition ability toward G-quadruplex DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Belletto
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, Università della Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy.
| | - Fortuna Ponte
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, Università della Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy.
| | - Nico Sanna
- Department for Innovation in Biology Agro-Food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Largo dell'Università snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Stefano Scoditti
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, Università della Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy.
| | - Emilia Sicilia
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, Università della Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy.
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6
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Soenarjo AL, Lan Z, Sazanovich IV, Chan YS, Ringholm M, Jha A, Klug DR. The Transition from Unfolded to Folded G-Quadruplex DNA Analyzed and Interpreted by Two-Dimensional Infrared Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:19622-19632. [PMID: 37647128 PMCID: PMC10510320 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
A class of DNA folds/structures known collectively as G-quadruplexes (G4) commonly forms in guanine-rich areas of genomes. G4-DNA is thought to have a functional role in the regulation of gene transcription and telomerase-mediated telomere maintenance and, therefore, is a target for drugs. The details of the molecular interactions that cause stacking of the guanine-tetrads are not well-understood, which limits a rational approach to the drugability of G4 sequences. To explore these interactions, we employed electron-vibration-vibration two-dimensional infrared (EVV 2DIR) spectroscopy to measure extended vibrational coupling spectra for a parallel-stranded G4-DNA formed by the Myc2345 nucleotide sequence. We also tracked the structural changes associated with G4-folding as a function of K+-ion concentration. To classify the structural elements that the folding process generates in terms of vibrational coupling characteristics, we used quantum-chemical calculations utilizing density functional theory to predict the coupling spectra associated with given structures, which are compared against the experimental data. Overall, 102 coupling peaks are experimentally identified and followed during the folding process. Several phenomena are noted and associated with formation of the folded form. This includes frequency shifting, changes in cross-peak intensity, and the appearance of new coupling peaks. We used these observations to propose a folding sequence for this particular type of G4 under our experimental conditions. Overall, the combination of experimental 2DIR data and DFT calculations suggests that guanine-quartets may already be present before the addition of K+-ions, but that these quartets are unstacked until K+-ions are added, at which point the full G4 structure is formed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Larasati Soenarjo
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, White City Campus, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Zhihao Lan
- Rosalind
Franklin Institute, Harwell, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Igor V. Sazanovich
- Central
Laser Facility, Research Complex at Harwell, STFC Rutherford Appleton
Laboratory, Harwell, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Yee San Chan
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, White City Campus, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Magnus Ringholm
- Hylleraas
Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ajay Jha
- Rosalind
Franklin Institute, Harwell, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QT, United Kingdom
| | - David R. Klug
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, White City Campus, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
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7
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Zhang Y, Huang J, Yu K, Cui X. G-Quadruplexes Formation by the C9orf72 Nucleotide Repeat Expansion d(GGGGCC) n and Conformation Regulation by Fangchinoline. Molecules 2023; 28:4671. [PMID: 37375224 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The G-quadruplex (GQ)-forming hexanucleotide repeat expansion (HRE) in the C9orf72 (C9) gene has been found to be the most common cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) (collectively, C9ALS/FTD), implying the great significance of modulating C9-HRE GQ structures in C9ALS/FTD therapeutic treatment strategies. In this study, we investigated the GQ structures formed by varied lengths of C9-HRE DNA sequences d(GGGGCC)4 (C9-24mer) and d(GGGGCC)8 (C9-48mer), and found that the C9-24mer forms anti-parallel GQ (AP-GQ) in the presence of potassium ions, while the long C9-48mer bearing eight guanine tracts forms unstacked tandem GQ consisting of two C9-24mer unimolecular AP-GQs. Moreover, the natural small molecule Fangchinoline was screened out in order to be able to stabilize and alter the C9-HRE DNA to parallel GQ topology. Further study of the interaction of Fangchinoline with the C9-HRE RNA GQ unit r(GGGGCC)4 (C9-RNA) revealed that it can also recognize and improve the thermal stability of C9-HRE RNA GQ. Finally, use of AutoDock simulation results indicated that Fangchinoline binds to the groove regions of the parallel C9-HRE GQs. These findings pave the way for further studies of GQ structures formed by pathologically related long C9-HRE sequences, and also provide a natural small-molecule ligand that modulates the structure and stability of C9-HRE GQ, both in DNA and RNA levels. Altogether, this work may contribute to therapeutic approaches of C9ALS/FTD which take the upstream C9-HRE DNA region, as well as the toxic C9-HRE RNA, as targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Junliu Huang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Kainan Yu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaojie Cui
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing 100081, China
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8
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Paciotti R, Coletti C, Marrone A, Re N. The FMO2 analysis of the ligand-receptor binding energy: the Biscarbene-Gold(I)/DNA G-Quadruplex case study. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2022; 36:851-866. [PMID: 36318393 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-022-00484-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the ab initio fragment molecular orbital (FMO) method was applied to calculate and analyze the binding energy of two biscarbene-Au(I) derivatives, [Au(9-methylcaffein-8-ylidene)2]+ and [Au(1,3-dimethylbenzimidazol-2-ylidene)2]+, to the DNA G-Quadruplex structure. The FMO2 binding energy considers the ligand-receptor complex as well as the isolated forms of energy-minimum state of ligand and receptor, providing a better description of ligand-receptor affinity compared with simple pair interaction energies (PIE). Our results highlight important features of the binding process of biscarbene-Au(I) derivatives to DNA G-Quadruplex, indicating that the total deformation-polarization energy and desolvation penalty of the ligands are the main terms destabilizing the binding. The pair interaction energy decomposition analysis (PIEDA) between ligand and nucleobases suggest that the main interaction terms are electrostatic and charge-transfer energies supporting the hypothesis that Au(I) ion can be involved in π-cation interactions further stabilizing the ligand-receptor complex. Moreover, the presence of polar groups on the carbene ring, as C = O, can improve the charge-transfer interaction with K+ ion. These findings can be employed to design new powerful biscarbene-Au(I) DNA-G quadruplex binders as promising anticancer drugs. The procedure described in this work can be applied to investigate any ligand-receptor system and is particularly useful when the binding process is strongly characterized by polarization, charge-transfer and dispersion interactions, properly evaluated by ab initio methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Paciotti
- Department of Pharmacy, Università "G. D'Annunzio" Di Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Cecilia Coletti
- Department of Pharmacy, Università "G. D'Annunzio" Di Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessandro Marrone
- Department of Pharmacy, Università "G. D'Annunzio" Di Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Nazzareno Re
- Department of Pharmacy, Università "G. D'Annunzio" Di Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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9
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Bazzicalupi C, Bonardi A, Biver T, Ferraroni M, Papi F, Savastano M, Lombardi P, Gratteri P. Probing the Efficiency of 13-Pyridylalkyl Berberine Derivatives to Human Telomeric G-Quadruplexes Binding: Spectroscopic, Solid State and In Silico Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214061. [PMID: 36430540 PMCID: PMC9693123 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction between the series of berberine derivatives 1-5 (NAX071, NAX120, NAX075, NAX077 and NAX079) and human telomeric G-quadruplexes (G4), which are able to inhibit the Telomerase enzyme's activity in malignant cells, was investigated. The derivatives bear a pyridine moiety connected by a hydrocarbon linker of varying length (n = 1-5, with n number of aliphatic carbon atoms) to the C13 position of the parent berberine. As for the G4s, both bimolecular 5'-TAGGGTTAGGGT-3' (Tel12) and monomolecular 5'-TAGGGTTAGGGTTAGGGTTAGGG-3' (Tel23) DNA oligonucleotides were considered. Spectrophotometric titrations, melting tests, X-ray diffraction solid state analysis and in silico molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used to describe the different systems. The results were compared in search of structure-activity relationships. The analysis pointed out the formation of 1:1 complexes between Tel12 and all ligands, whereas both 1:1 and 2:1 ligand/G4 stoichiometries were found for the adduct formed by NAX071 (n = 1). Tel12, with tetrads free from the hindrance by the loop, showed a higher affinity. The details of the different binding geometries were discussed, highlighting the importance of H-bonds given by the berberine benzodioxole group and a correlation between the strength of binding and the hydrocarbon linker length. Theoretical (MD) and experimental (X-ray) structural studies evidence the possibility for the berberine core to interact with one or both G4 strands, depending on the constraints given by the linker length, thus affecting the G4 stabilization effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Bazzicalupi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Firenze, Italy
- Correspondence: (C.B.); (P.G.)
| | - Alessandro Bonardi
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics & QSAR, Department NEUROFARBA—Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Firenze, Italy
| | - Tarita Biver
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marta Ferraroni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Firenze, Italy
| | - Francesco Papi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Firenze, Italy
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics & QSAR, Department NEUROFARBA—Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Firenze, Italy
| | - Matteo Savastano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Firenze, Italy
| | - Paolo Lombardi
- Naxospharma srl, Via G. Di Vittorio 70, Novate Milanese, 20026 Milano, Italy
| | - Paola Gratteri
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics & QSAR, Department NEUROFARBA—Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Firenze, Italy
- Correspondence: (C.B.); (P.G.)
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10
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Ortiz de Luzuriaga I, Sánchez-González Á, Synoradzki W, Lopez X, Gil A. Unravelling the binding affinity and selectivity of molybdenum(II) phenanthroline complexes with DNA G-quadruplexes by using linear-scaling DFT studies. The important role of ancillary ligands. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:25918-25929. [PMID: 36260061 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02241a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We have used near linear-scaling density functional theory (LS-DFT) methods including dispersion, for the first time, to study the interaction of two isomers, equatorial (Eq) and axial (Ax), of the [Mo(η3-C3H5)Br(CO)2(phen)] metal complex with the DNA G-quadruplexes (GQ) to gain insight into its cytotoxicity. The LMKLL/DZDP level of calculation, which includes van der Waals contributions, with the SIESTA software was used to treat by means of first-principles computations the whole biological studied model system with ∼1000 atoms. Computed formation energies point to systems containing the Ax isomer as the most stable although the nearest system in energy containing the Eq isomer is only 7.5 kcal mol-1 above. On the other hand, the energy decomposition analysis (EDA) favours interaction energies for the systems containing the Eq isomer. However, when solvent effects are taken into account the systems containing the Ax isomer are again the most stable. This Ax isomer was found interacting by means of end-stacking with the GQ and surprisingly totally inside the non-canonical secondary structure, where all the ligands of the metal complex produce several weak interactions with the DNA structure. On the other hand, the Eq isomer prefers to interact from outside by means of intercalation in which the ancillary ligands also have some role in the interaction. Such features and comparison with the results regarding the interaction of the [Mo(η3-C3H5)Br(CO)2(phen)] metal complex with duplex DNA suggest that the [Mo(η3-C3H5)Br(CO)2(phen)] would have a higher affinity and eventual selectivity for non-canonical DNA GQ structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iker Ortiz de Luzuriaga
- CIC-nanoGUNE BRTA, Tolosa Hiribidea 76, E-20018, Donostia - San Sebastián, Euskadi, Spain.
- Polímero eta Material Aurreratuak: Fisika, Kimika eta Teknologia, Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, UPV/EHU, 20080, Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Ángel Sánchez-González
- BioISI - Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Wojciech Synoradzki
- BioISI - Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Xabier Lopez
- Polímero eta Material Aurreratuak: Fisika, Kimika eta Teknologia, Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, UPV/EHU, 20080, Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), P. K. 1072, 20080, Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Adrià Gil
- CIC-nanoGUNE BRTA, Tolosa Hiribidea 76, E-20018, Donostia - San Sebastián, Euskadi, Spain.
- BioISI - Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
- ARAID Foundation, Zaragoza, Spain
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH) - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC). Universidad de Zaragoza, c/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
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11
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Bie L, Wang Y, Jiang F, Xiao Z, Zhang L, Wang J. Insights into the binding mode of AS1411 aptamer to nucleolin. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1025313. [PMID: 36262475 PMCID: PMC9574071 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1025313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AS1411 aptamer can function as a recognition probe to detect the cell surface nucleolin overexpressed in cancer cells, however, little is known about their binding process. This study proposed a feasible binding mode for the first time and provided atomic-level descriptions for the high affinity and specific binding of AS1411. The binding pose predicted by docking was screened using knowledge-based criteria, and a microsecond molecular dynamics (MD) simulation showed the stable existence of the predicted structure in the solution. Structural analysis shows that the unique capping of the 5′ end of AS1411 provides the specific binding with RBD1, and the interactions of hydrogen bond, salt bridge, and water-mediated network between AS1411 and RBD1,2 stabilize the binding. The calculation of per-residue decomposition emphasizes the dominant contribution of van der Waals energy and critical residues are screened. Our study provides the molecular basis of this specific binding and can guide rational AS1411-based aptamers design. Further insights require tight collaborations between the experiments and in silico studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Bie
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Yue Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuze Jiang
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Zhen Xiao
- Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Lianjun Zhang
- Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Laboratory for Advanced Analytical Technologies, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Jing Wang,
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12
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Göç YB, Poziemski J, Smolińska W, Suwała D, Wieczorek G, Niedzialek D. Tracking Topological and Electronic Effects on the Folding and Stability of Guanine-Deficient RNA G-Quadruplexes, Engineered with a New Computational Tool for De Novo Quadruplex Folding. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:10990. [PMID: 36232294 PMCID: PMC9570295 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231910990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The initial aim of this work was to elucidate the mutual influence of different single-stranded segments (loops and caps) on the thermodynamic stability of RNA G-quadruplexes. To this end, we used a new NAB-GQ-builder software program, to construct dozens of two-tetrad G-quadruplex topologies, based on a designed library of sequences. Then, to probe the sequence-morphology-stability relationships of the designed topologies, we performed molecular dynamics simulations. Their results provide guidance for the design of G-quadruplexes with balanced structures, and in turn programmable physicochemical properties for applications as biomaterials. Moreover, by comparative examinations of the single-stranded segments of three oncogene promoter G-quadruplexes, we assess their druggability potential for future therapeutic strategies. Finally, on the basis of a thorough analysis at the quantum mechanical level of theory on a series of guanine assemblies, we demonstrate how a valence tautomerism, triggered by a coordination of cations, initiates the process of G-quadruplex folding, and we propose a sequential folding mechanism, otherwise dictated by the cancellation of the dipole moments on guanines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yavuz Burak Göç
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland or
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological & Chemical Research Center, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Poziemski
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland or
| | - Weronika Smolińska
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland or
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Waryńskiego 1, 00-645 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dominik Suwała
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland or
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Wieczorek
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland or
- Molecure SA, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Niedzialek
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland or
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13
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Dong X, Dai X, Li G, Zhang Y, Xu X, Liu Y. Conformationally Confined Emissive Cationic Macrocycle with Photocontrolled Organelle-Specific Translocation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2201962. [PMID: 35713271 PMCID: PMC9376817 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202201962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The optimization of molecular conformation and aggregation modes is of great significance in creation of new luminescent materials for biochemical research and medical diagnostics. Herein, a highly emissive macrocycle (1) is reported, which is constructed by the cyclization reaction of triphenylamine with benzyl bromide and exhibits very distinctive photophysical performance both in aqueous solution and the solid state. Structural analysis reveals that the 1 can form self-interpenetrated complex and emit bright yellow fluorescence in the crystal lattice. The distorted yet symmetrical structure can endow 1 with unique two-photon absorption property upon excitation by near-infrared light. Also, 1 can be utilized as an efficient photosensitizer to produce singlet oxygen (1 O2 ) both in inanimate milieu and under cellular environment. More intriguingly, due to the strong association of 1 with negatively charged biomacromolecules, organelle-specific migration is achieved from lysosome to nucleus during the 1 O2 -induced cell apoptosis process. To be envisaged, this conformationally confined cationic macrocycle with photocontrolled lysosome-to-nucleus translocation may provide a feasible approach for in situ identifying different biospecies and monitoring physiological events at subcellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Dong
- College of ChemistryState Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071P. R. China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical TransformationsTianjin300192P. R. China
| | - Xianyin Dai
- College of ChemistryState Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071P. R. China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical TransformationsTianjin300192P. R. China
| | - Guorong Li
- College of ChemistryState Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071P. R. China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical TransformationsTianjin300192P. R. China
| | - Ying‐Ming Zhang
- College of ChemistryState Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071P. R. China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical TransformationsTianjin300192P. R. China
| | - Xiufang Xu
- College of ChemistryState Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071P. R. China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical TransformationsTianjin300192P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of ChemistryState Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071P. R. China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical TransformationsTianjin300192P. R. China
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14
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Mahato RR, Shandilya E, Not Applicable S, Maiti S. Regulating Spatial Localization and Reactivity Biasness of DNAzymes by Metal Ions and Oligonucleotides. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200154. [PMID: 35762518 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Chemical gradient sensing behavior of catalytically active colloids and enzymes is an area of immense interest owing to their importance in understanding fundamental spatiotemporal complexity pattern in living systems and designing of dynamic materials. Herein, we have shown peroxidase activity of DNAzyme (G-quadruplex-hemin complex tagged in a micron-sized glass bead) can be modulated by metal ions and metal ion-binding oligonucleotides. Next we demonstrated both experimentally and theoretically that the localization and product formation ability of the DNAzyme containing particle remains biased to the more catalytically active zone where concentration of metal ion (Hg2+) inhibitor is low. Interestingly, this biased localization can be broken by introduction of Hg2+ binding oligonucleotide in the system. Additionally, macroscopically asymmetric catalytic product distributed zone has also been achieved on this process, showing possibility in regulation in autonomous spatially controlled chemical process. This demonstration of autonomous modulation of the localization pattern and spatially specific enhanced product forming ability of DNAzymes will further enable in designing of responsive nucleic acid-based motile materials and surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Ram Mahato
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Chemical Sciences, INDIA
| | - Ekta Shandilya
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Chemical Sciences, INDIA
| | | | - Subhabrata Maiti
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Chemical Sciences, Knowledge City, Sector-81, S.A.S. Nagar, Manauli P.O., 140306, Mohali, INDIA
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15
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Price DA, Wedamulla P, Hill TD, Loth TM, Moran SD. The polarization dependence of 2D IR cross-peaks distinguishes parallel-stranded and antiparallel-stranded DNA G-quadruplexes. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 267:120596. [PMID: 34801392 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Guanine-rich nucleic acid sequences have a tendency to form four-stranded non-canonical motifs known as G-quadruplexes. These motifs may adopt a wide range of structures characterized by size, strand orientation, guanine base conformation, and fold topology. Using three K+-bound model systems, we show that vibrational coupling between guanine C6 = O and ring modes varies between parallel-stranded and antiparallel-stranded G-quadruplexes, and that such structures can be distinguished by comparison of the polarization dependences of cross-peaks in their two-dimensional infrared (2D IR) spectra. Combined with previously defined vibrational frequency trends, this analysis reveals key features of a 30-nucleotide unimolecular variant of the Bcl-2 proximal promoter that are consistent with its reported structure. This study shows that 2D IR spectroscopy is a convenient method for analyzing G-quadruplex structures that can be applied to complex sequences where traditional high-resolution methods are limited by solubility and disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Price
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, 1245 Lincoln Drive MC 4409, Carbondale, IL 62901, United States
| | - Poornima Wedamulla
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, 1245 Lincoln Drive MC 4409, Carbondale, IL 62901, United States
| | - Tayler D Hill
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, 1245 Lincoln Drive MC 4409, Carbondale, IL 62901, United States
| | - Taylor M Loth
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, 1245 Lincoln Drive MC 4409, Carbondale, IL 62901, United States
| | - Sean D Moran
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Sciences, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, 1245 Lincoln Drive MC 4409, Carbondale, IL 62901, United States.
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16
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Ortiz de Luzuriaga I, Elleuchi S, Jarraya K, Artacho E, Lopez X, Gil A. Semi-empirical and Linear-Scaling DFT Methods to Characterize duplex DNA and G-quadruplexes in Presence of Interacting Small Molecules. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:11510-11519. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00214k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The computational study of DNA and its interaction with ligands is a highly relevant area of research, with significant consequences for developing new therapeutic strategies. However, the computational description of...
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17
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Structured Waters Mediate Small Molecule Binding to G-Quadruplex Nucleic Acids. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 15:ph15010007. [PMID: 35056064 PMCID: PMC8781208 DOI: 10.3390/ph15010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of G-quadruplexes in human cancers is increasingly well-defined. Accordingly, G-quadruplexes can be suitable drug targets and many small molecules have been identified to date as G-quadruplex binders, some using computer-based design methods and co-crystal structures. The role of bound water molecules in the crystal structures of G-quadruplex-small molecule complexes has been analyzed in this study, focusing on the water arrangements in several G-quadruplex ligand complexes. One is the complex between the tetrasubstituted naphthalene diimide compound MM41 and a human intramolecular telomeric DNA G-quadruplex, and the others are in substituted acridine bimolecular G-quadruplex complexes. Bridging water molecules form most of the hydrogen-bond contacts between ligands and DNA in the parallel G-quadruplex structures examined here. Clusters of structured water molecules play essential roles in mediating between ligand side chain groups/chromophore core and G-quadruplex. These clusters tend to be conserved between complex and native G-quadruplex structures, suggesting that they more generally serve as platforms for ligand binding, and should be taken into account in docking and in silico studies.
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18
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Kozlovskii I, Popov P. Structure-based deep learning for binding site detection in nucleic acid macromolecules. NAR Genom Bioinform 2021; 3:lqab111. [PMID: 34859211 PMCID: PMC8633674 DOI: 10.1093/nargab/lqab111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Structure-based drug design (SBDD) targeting nucleic acid macromolecules, particularly RNA, is a gaining momentum research direction that already resulted in several FDA-approved compounds. Similar to proteins, one of the critical components in SBDD for RNA is the correct identification of the binding sites for putative drug candidates. RNAs share a common structural organization that, together with the dynamic nature of these molecules, makes it challenging to recognize binding sites for small molecules. Moreover, there is a need for structure-based approaches, as sequence information only does not consider conformation plasticity of nucleic acid macromolecules. Deep learning holds a great promise to resolve binding site detection problem, but requires a large amount of structural data, which is very limited for nucleic acids, compared to proteins. In this study we composed a set of ∼2000 nucleic acid-small molecule structures comprising ∼2500 binding sites, which is ∼40-times larger than previously used one, and demonstrated the first structure-based deep learning approach, BiteNetN, to detect binding sites in nucleic acid structures. BiteNetN operates with arbitrary nucleic acid complexes, shows the state-of-the-art performance, and can be helpful in the analysis of different conformations and mutant variants, as we demonstrated for HIV-1 TAR RNA and ATP-aptamer case studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Kozlovskii
- iMolecule, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, 121205, Russia
| | - Petr Popov
- iMolecule, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, 121205, Russia
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19
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Ozcan KA, Ghaffari LT, Haeusler AR. The effects of molecular crowding and CpG hypermethylation on DNA G-quadruplexes formed by the C9orf72 nucleotide repeat expansion. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23213. [PMID: 34853325 PMCID: PMC8636472 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02041-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A nucleotide repeat expansion (NRE), (G4C2)n, located in a classically noncoding region of C9orf72 (C9), is the most common genetic mutation associated with ALS/FTD. There is increasing evidence that nucleic acid structures formed by the C9-NRE may both contribute to ALS/FTD, and serve as therapeutic targets, but there is limited characterization of these nucleic acid structures under physiologically and disease relevant conditions. Here we show in vitro that the C9-NRE DNA can form both parallel and antiparallel DNA G-quadruplex (GQ) topological structures and that the structural preference of these DNA GQs can be dependent on the molecular crowding conditions. Additionally, 5-methylcytosine DNA hypermethylation, which is observed in the C9-NRE locus in some patients, has minimal effects on GQ topological preferences. Finally, molecular dynamic simulations of methylated and nonmethylated GQ structures support in vitro data showing that DNA GQ structures formed by the C9-NRE DNA are stable, with structural fluctuations limited to the cytosine-containing loop regions. These findings provide new insight into the structural polymorphic preferences and stability of DNA GQs formed by the C9-NRE in both the methylated and nonmethylated states, as well as reveal important features to guide the development of upstream therapeutic approaches to potentially attenuate C9-NRE-linked diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadir A Ozcan
- Department of Neuroscience, Jefferson Weinberg ALS Center, Vickie and Jack Farber Institute for Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Layla T Ghaffari
- Department of Neuroscience, Jefferson Weinberg ALS Center, Vickie and Jack Farber Institute for Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Aaron R Haeusler
- Department of Neuroscience, Jefferson Weinberg ALS Center, Vickie and Jack Farber Institute for Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. .,Department of Neuroscience, Jefferson Weinberg ALS Center, Vickie and Jack Farber Institute for Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, 900 Walnut Street, JHN suite 410, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
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20
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Cheng Y, Zhang Y, You H. Characterization of G-Quadruplexes Folding/Unfolding Dynamics and Interactions with Proteins from Single-Molecule Force Spectroscopy. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1579. [PMID: 34827577 PMCID: PMC8615981 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
G-quadruplexes (G4s) are stable secondary nucleic acid structures that play crucial roles in many fundamental biological processes. The folding/unfolding dynamics of G4 structures are associated with the replication and transcription regulation functions of G4s. However, many DNA G4 sequences can adopt a variety of topologies and have complex folding/unfolding dynamics. Determining the dynamics of G4s and their regulation by proteins remains challenging due to the coexistence of multiple structures in a heterogeneous sample. Here, in this mini-review, we introduce the application of single-molecule force-spectroscopy methods, such as magnetic tweezers, optical tweezers, and atomic force microscopy, to characterize the polymorphism and folding/unfolding dynamics of G4s. We also briefly introduce recent studies using single-molecule force spectroscopy to study the molecular mechanisms of G4-interacting proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Huijuan You
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Y.C.); (Y.Z.)
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21
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Castelli M, Serapian SA, Marchetti F, Triveri A, Pirota V, Torielli L, Collina S, Doria F, Freccero M, Colombo G. New perspectives in cancer drug development: computational advances with an eye to design. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:1491-1502. [PMID: 34671733 PMCID: PMC8459323 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00192b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Computational chemistry has come of age in drug discovery. Indeed, most pharmaceutical development programs rely on computer-based data and results at some point. Herein, we discuss recent applications of advanced simulation techniques to difficult challenges in drug discovery. These entail the characterization of allosteric mechanisms and the identification of allosteric sites or cryptic pockets determined by protein motions, which are not immediately evident in the experimental structure of the target; the study of ligand binding mechanisms and their kinetic profiles; and the evaluation of drug-target affinities. We analyze different approaches to tackle challenging and emerging biological targets. Finally, we discuss the possible perspectives of future application of computation in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Castelli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia via Taramelli 12 27100 Pavia Italy
| | - Stefano A Serapian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia via Taramelli 12 27100 Pavia Italy
| | - Filippo Marchetti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia via Taramelli 12 27100 Pavia Italy
| | - Alice Triveri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia via Taramelli 12 27100 Pavia Italy
| | - Valentina Pirota
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia via Taramelli 12 27100 Pavia Italy
| | - Luca Torielli
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Pavia via Taramelli 12 27100 Pavia Italy
| | - Simona Collina
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Pavia via Taramelli 12 27100 Pavia Italy
| | - Filippo Doria
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia via Taramelli 12 27100 Pavia Italy
| | - Mauro Freccero
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia via Taramelli 12 27100 Pavia Italy
| | - Giorgio Colombo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia via Taramelli 12 27100 Pavia Italy
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22
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Li N, Gao Y, Qiu F, Zhu T. Benchmark Force Fields for the Molecular Dynamic Simulation of G-Quadruplexes. Molecules 2021; 26:5379. [PMID: 34500812 PMCID: PMC8434458 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
G-quadruplexes have drawn widespread attention for serving as a potential anti-cancer target and their application in material science. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is the key theoretical tool in the study of GQ's structure-function relationship. In this article, we systematically benchmarked the five force fields of parmbsc0, parmbsc1, OL15, AMOEBA, and Drude2017 on the MD simulation of G-quadruplex from four aspects: structural stability, central ion channel stability, description of Hoogsteen hydrogen bond network, and description of the main chain dihedral angle. The results show that the overall performance of the Drude force field is the best. Although there may be a certain over-polarization effect, it is still the best choice for the MD simulation of G-quadruplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics & New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China;
| | - Ya Gao
- School of Mathematics, Physics and Statistics, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Feng Qiu
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence on Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Tong Zhu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics & New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China;
- NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry, New York University Shanghai, Shanghai 200062, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Biophysics, Institute of Biophysics, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
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Sánchez-González Á, Bandeira NAG, Ortiz de Luzuriaga I, Martins FF, Elleuchi S, Jarraya K, Lanuza J, Lopez X, Calhorda MJ, Gil A. New Insights on the Interaction of Phenanthroline Based Ligands and Metal Complexes and Polyoxometalates with Duplex DNA and G-Quadruplexes. Molecules 2021; 26:4737. [PMID: 34443326 PMCID: PMC8397986 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This work provides new insights from our team regarding advances in targeting canonical and non-canonical nucleic acid structures. This modality of medical treatment is used as a form of molecular medicine specifically against the growth of cancer cells. Nevertheless, because of increasing concerns about bacterial antibiotic resistance, this medical strategy is also being explored in this field. Up to three strategies for the use of DNA as target have been studied in our research lines during the last few years: (1) the intercalation of phenanthroline derivatives with duplex DNA; (2) the interaction of metal complexes containing phenanthroline with G-quadruplexes; and (3) the activity of Mo polyoxometalates and other Mo-oxo species as artificial phosphoesterases to catalyze the hydrolysis of phosphoester bonds in DNA. We demonstrate some promising computational results concerning the favorable interaction of these small molecules with DNA that could correspond to cytotoxic effects against tumoral cells and microorganisms. Therefore, our results open the door for the pharmaceutical and medical applications of the compounds we propose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Sánchez-González
- Faculdade de Ciências, BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; (Á.S.-G.); (N.A.G.B.); (F.F.M.); (M.J.C.)
| | - Nuno A. G. Bandeira
- Faculdade de Ciências, BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; (Á.S.-G.); (N.A.G.B.); (F.F.M.); (M.J.C.)
| | - Iker Ortiz de Luzuriaga
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Tolosa Hiribidea 76, Euskadi, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain;
- Polimero eta Material Aurreratuak, Fisika, Kimika eta Teknologia Saila, Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; (J.L.); (X.L.)
| | - Frederico F. Martins
- Faculdade de Ciências, BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; (Á.S.-G.); (N.A.G.B.); (F.F.M.); (M.J.C.)
| | - Sawssen Elleuchi
- Laboratoire de Chimie Inorganique, LR17ES07, Faculté de Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (S.E.); (K.J.)
| | - Khaled Jarraya
- Laboratoire de Chimie Inorganique, LR17ES07, Faculté de Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (S.E.); (K.J.)
| | - Jose Lanuza
- Polimero eta Material Aurreratuak, Fisika, Kimika eta Teknologia Saila, Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; (J.L.); (X.L.)
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Xabier Lopez
- Polimero eta Material Aurreratuak, Fisika, Kimika eta Teknologia Saila, Kimika Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 3, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; (J.L.); (X.L.)
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Maria José Calhorda
- Faculdade de Ciências, BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; (Á.S.-G.); (N.A.G.B.); (F.F.M.); (M.J.C.)
| | - Adrià Gil
- Faculdade de Ciências, BioISI-Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; (Á.S.-G.); (N.A.G.B.); (F.F.M.); (M.J.C.)
- CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, Tolosa Hiribidea 76, Euskadi, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain;
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