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Burange AS, Osman SM, Luque R. Understanding flow chemistry for the production of active pharmaceutical ingredients. iScience 2022; 25:103892. [PMID: 35243250 PMCID: PMC8867129 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Multi-step organic syntheses of various drugs, active pharmaceutical ingredients, and other pharmaceutically and agriculturally important compounds have already been reported using flow synthesis. Compared to batch, hazardous and reactive reagents can be handled safely in flow. This review discusses the pros and cons of flow chemistry in today’s scenario and recent developments in flow devices. The review majorly emphasizes on the recent developments in the flow synthesis of pharmaceutically important products in last five years including flibanserin, imatinib, buclizine, cinnarizine, cyclizine, meclizine, ribociclib, celecoxib, SC-560 and mavacoxib, efavirenz, fluconazole, melitracen HCl, rasagiline, tamsulosin, valsartan, and hydroxychloroquine. Critical steps and new development in the flow synthesis of selected compounds are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand S. Burange
- Department of Chemistry, Wilson College, Chowpatty, Mumbai 400007, India
- Corresponding author
| | - Sameh M. Osman
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rafael Luque
- Departamento de Quimica Organica, Universidad de Cordoba, Edificio Marie Curie (C-3), Ctra Nnal IV-A, Km 396, E14014 Cordoba, Spain
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho Maklaya str., 107198 Moscow, Russian Federation
- Corresponding author
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2
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3
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Zhang G, Wang L, Tang J, Jin H, Zhang Z, Fei Z, Liu Q, Chen X, Cui M, Qiao X. Design and Control for the Dimethyl Adipate Process with a Side‐Reactor Column Configuration. Chem Eng Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.202100264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guowen Zhang
- Nanjing Tech University State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Le Wang
- Nanjing Tech University State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Jihai Tang
- Nanjing Tech University State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering 211816 Nanjing China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Hao Jin
- Nanjing Tech University State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Zhuxiu Zhang
- Nanjing Tech University State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Zhaoyang Fei
- Nanjing Tech University State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Qing Liu
- Nanjing Tech University State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Xian Chen
- Nanjing Tech University State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Mifen Cui
- Nanjing Tech University State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering 211816 Nanjing China
| | - Xu Qiao
- Nanjing Tech University State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering 211816 Nanjing China
- Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) 211816 Nanjing China
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4
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Abstract
A nature-inspired solution (NIS) methodology is proposed as a systematic platform for innovation and to inform transformative technology required to address Grand Challenges, including sustainable development. Scalability, efficiency, and resilience are essential to nature, as they are to engineering processes. They are achieved through underpinning fundamental mechanisms, which are grouped as recurring themes in the NIS approach: hierarchical transport networks, force balancing, dynamic self-organization, and ecosystem properties. To leverage these universal mechanisms, and incorporate them effectively into engineering design, adaptations may be needed to accommodate the different contexts of nature and engineering applications. Nature-inspired chemical engineering takes advantage of the NIS methodology for process intensification, as demonstrated here in fluidization, catalysis, fuel cell engineering, and membrane separations, where much higher performance is achieved by rigorously employing concepts optimized in nature. The same approach lends itself to other applications, from biomedical engineering to information technology and architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc-Olivier Coppens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Centre for Nature-Inspired Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 7JE, United Kingdom;
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5
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Lorenz H, Seidel-Morgenstern A. Separation Processes to Provide Pure Enantiomers and Plant Ingredients. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng 2020; 11:469-502. [PMID: 32197049 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-100419-103732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Enantiomer separation and the isolation of natural products from plants pose challenging separation problems resulting from the similarity of molecules and the number of compounds present in synthesis or extract mixtures. Furthermore, limited theory is available to predict productivities for possible alternative separation techniques. The application and performance of chromatography- and crystallization-based processes are demonstrated for various case studies devoted to isolating valuable target compounds from complex initial mixtures. In all cases, the first emphasis is set to determine the process-specific phase equilibria to identify feasible process options. For all examples considered, yields and productivities are evaluated and compared for different scenarios. Guidelines to approach and solve similar separation tasks are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Lorenz
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, D-39106 Magdeburg, Germany;
| | - Andreas Seidel-Morgenstern
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, D-39106 Magdeburg, Germany; .,Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Institute of Process Engineering, D-39106 Magdeburg, Germany
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6
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Dil’man VV, Musabekova LM, Brener AM, Kalbayeva AT, Kurakbayeva SD. Dynamics of Mobile Concentration Fronts in Gas–Liquid Reaction Systems: Analysis and Numerical Experiment. THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0040579520020025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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7
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De Risi C, Bortolini O, Brandolese A, Di Carmine G, Ragno D, Massi A. Recent advances in continuous-flow organocatalysis for process intensification. REACT CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0re00076k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The progresses on continuous-flow organocatalysis from 2016 to early 2020 are reviewed with focus on transition from batch to flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmela De Risi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche
- I-44121 Ferrara
- Italy
| | - Olga Bortolini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche
- I-44121 Ferrara
- Italy
| | | | | | - Daniele Ragno
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche
- I-44121 Ferrara
- Italy
| | - Alessandro Massi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche
- I-44121 Ferrara
- Italy
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8
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Chakravorty A, Maitra A, Bandopadhyay A. Liquid–Liquid Mass Transfer Enhancement Due to T-Junction Modified with an Air Damper. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b03081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abir Chakravorty
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Abhradeep Maitra
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Aditya Bandopadhyay
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
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9
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Yan P, Li X, Li H, Shao Y, Zhang H, Gao X. Hydrodynamics and mechanism of hydrophobic foam column tray: Contact angle hysteresis effect. AIChE J 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yan
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin University Tianjin China
- Intensified Reaction & Separation Systems, Process & Energy Department Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands
| | - Xingang Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin University Tianjin China
- National Engineering Research Center of Distillation Technology Tianjin China
| | - Hong Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin University Tianjin China
- National Engineering Research Center of Distillation Technology Tianjin China
| | - Yuanyuan Shao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin University Tianjin China
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin University Tianjin China
- Particle Technology Research Center, Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering The University of Western Ontario London Ontario Canada
| | - Xin Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin University Tianjin China
- National Engineering Research Center of Distillation Technology Tianjin China
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10
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Continuous microwave-assisted reactive distillation column: Pilot-scale experiments and model validation. Chem Eng Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2018.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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11
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Haßkerl D, Subramanian S, Markert S, Kaiser S, Engell S. Multi-rate state estimation applied to a pilot-scale reactive distillation process. Chem Eng Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Abstract
Abstract
Process intensification (PI) is a rapidly growing field of research and industrial development that has already created many innovations in chemical process industry. PI is directed toward substantially smaller, cleaner, more energy-efficient technology. Furthermore, PI aims at safer and sustainable technological developments. Its tools are reduction of the number of devices (integration of several functionalities in one apparatus), improving heat and mass transfer by advanced mixing technologies and shorter diffusion pathways, miniaturization, novel energy techniques, new separation approaches, integrated optimization and control strategies. This review discusses many of the recent developments in PI. Starting from fundamental definitions, microfluidic technology, mixing, modern distillation techniques, membrane separation, continuous chromatography, and application of gravitational, electric, and magnetic fields will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frerich J. Keil
- Institute of Chemical Reaction Engineering , Hamburg University of Technology , 21073 Hamburg , Germany
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13
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Li H, Xiao C, Li X, Gao X. Synthesis of n-Amyl Acetate in a Pilot Plant Catalytic Distillation Column with Seepage Catalytic Packing Internal. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b01980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Li
- School of Chemical Engineering
and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Distillation
Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and
Engineering(Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Caichun Xiao
- School of Chemical Engineering
and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Distillation
Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and
Engineering(Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xingang Li
- School of Chemical Engineering
and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Distillation
Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and
Engineering(Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xin Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering
and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Distillation
Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and
Engineering(Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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14
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Wierschem M, Skiborowski M, Górak A, Schmuhl R, Kiss AA. Techno-economic evaluation of an ultrasound-assisted Enzymatic Reactive Distillation process. Comput Chem Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2017.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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15
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Kim YH, Park LK, Yiacoumi S, Tsouris C. Modular Chemical Process Intensification: A Review. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng 2017; 8:359-380. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-060816-101354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-ha Kim
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0373
| | - Lydia K. Park
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0373
| | - Sotira Yiacoumi
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0373
| | - Costas Tsouris
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0373
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6181
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16
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de Hemptinne JC, Ferrasse JH, Gorak A, Kjelstrup S, Maréchal F, Baudouin O, Gani R. Energy efficiency as an example of cross-discipline collaboration in chemical engineering. Chem Eng Res Des 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2017.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Klavs F. Jensen
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering; MIT; Room 66-542A, 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139
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18
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Long NVD, Minh LQ, Ahmad F, Luis P, Lee M. Intensified Distillation-Based Separation Processes: Recent Developments and Perspectives. Chem Eng Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201500635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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19
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Neumann K, Werth K, Martín A, Górak A. Biodiesel production from waste cooking oils through esterification: Catalyst screening, chemical equilibrium and reaction kinetics. Chem Eng Res Des 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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20
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Gemoets HPL, Su Y, Shang M, Hessel V, Luque R, Noël T. Liquid phase oxidation chemistry in continuous-flow microreactors. Chem Soc Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00447k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 363] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This review gives an exhaustive overview of the engineering principles, safety aspects and chemistry associated with liquid phase oxidation in continuous-flow microreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes P. L. Gemoets
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry
- Micro Flow Chemistry & Process Technology
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- 5612 AZ Eindhoven
- The Netherlands
| | - Yuanhai Su
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry
- Micro Flow Chemistry & Process Technology
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- 5612 AZ Eindhoven
- The Netherlands
| | - Minjing Shang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry
- Micro Flow Chemistry & Process Technology
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- 5612 AZ Eindhoven
- The Netherlands
| | - Volker Hessel
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry
- Micro Flow Chemistry & Process Technology
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- 5612 AZ Eindhoven
- The Netherlands
| | - Rafael Luque
- Departamento de Quimica Organica
- Universidad de Cordoba
- E14014 Cordoba
- Spain
| | - Timothy Noël
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry
- Micro Flow Chemistry & Process Technology
- Eindhoven University of Technology
- 5612 AZ Eindhoven
- The Netherlands
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21
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Gutmann B, Cantillo D, Kappe CO. Continuous-flow technology—a tool for the safe manufacturing of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:6688-728. [PMID: 25989203 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201409318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 870] [Impact Index Per Article: 96.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the past few years, continuous-flow reactors with channel dimensions in the micro- or millimeter region have found widespread application in organic synthesis. The characteristic properties of these reactors are their exceptionally fast heat and mass transfer. In microstructured devices of this type, virtually instantaneous mixing can be achieved for all but the fastest reactions. Similarly, the accumulation of heat, formation of hot spots, and dangers of thermal runaways can be prevented. As a result of the small reactor volumes, the overall safety of the process is significantly improved, even when harsh reaction conditions are used. Thus, microreactor technology offers a unique way to perform ultrafast, exothermic reactions, and allows the execution of reactions which proceed via highly unstable or even explosive intermediates. This Review discusses recent literature examples of continuous-flow organic synthesis where hazardous reactions or extreme process windows have been employed, with a focus on applications of relevance to the preparation of pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Gutmann
- Institute of Chemistry, University Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, A-8010 Graz (Austria) http://www.maos.net
| | - David Cantillo
- Institute of Chemistry, University Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, A-8010 Graz (Austria) http://www.maos.net
| | - C Oliver Kappe
- Institute of Chemistry, University Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, A-8010 Graz (Austria) http://www.maos.net.
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22
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Gutmann B, Cantillo D, Kappe CO. Kontinuierliche Durchflussverfahren: ein Werkzeug für die sichere Synthese von pharmazeutischen Wirkstoffen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201409318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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23
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Fontananova E, Bahattab MA, Aljlil SA, Alowairdy M, Rinaldi G, Vuono D, Nagy JB, Drioli E, Di Profio G. From hydrophobic to hydrophilic polyvinylidenefluoride (PVDF) membranes by gaining new insight into material's properties. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra08388e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
From hydrophobic to hydrophilic PVDF membranes by a combination of functionalization by blending chemical additives and selection of manufacturing procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Fontananova
- Institute on Membrane Technology of the National Research Council of Italy (ITM-CNR)
- University of Calabria
- 87036 Rende (CS)
- Italy
| | - M. A. Bahattab
- King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST)
- Riyadh-11442
- Saudi Arabia
| | - S. A. Aljlil
- King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST)
- Riyadh-11442
- Saudi Arabia
| | - M. Alowairdy
- King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST)
- Riyadh-11442
- Saudi Arabia
| | - G. Rinaldi
- Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering (DIATIC)
- University of Calabria
- 87036 Rende (CS)
- Italy
| | - D. Vuono
- Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering (DIATIC)
- University of Calabria
- 87036 Rende (CS)
- Italy
| | - J. B. Nagy
- Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering (DIATIC)
- University of Calabria
- 87036 Rende (CS)
- Italy
| | - E. Drioli
- Institute on Membrane Technology of the National Research Council of Italy (ITM-CNR)
- University of Calabria
- 87036 Rende (CS)
- Italy
- Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering (DIATIC)
| | - G. Di Profio
- Institute on Membrane Technology of the National Research Council of Italy (ITM-CNR)
- University of Calabria
- 87036 Rende (CS)
- Italy
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24
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Holtbruegge J, Kuhlmann H, Lutze P. Process analysis and economic optimization of intensified process alternatives for simultaneous industrial scale production of dimethyl carbonate and propylene glycol. Chem Eng Res Des 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2014.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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25
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Pervaporation of binary and ternary mixtures of acetone, isopropyl alcohol and water using polymeric membranes: Experimental characterisation and modelling. Chem Eng Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2014.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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26
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Su Y, Straathof NJW, Hessel V, Noël T. Photochemical transformations accelerated in continuous-flow reactors: basic concepts and applications. Chemistry 2014; 20:10562-89. [PMID: 25056280 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201400283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 364] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Continuous-flow photochemistry is used increasingly by researchers in academia and industry to facilitate photochemical processes and their subsequent scale-up. However, without detailed knowledge concerning the engineering aspects of photochemistry, it can be quite challenging to develop a suitable photochemical microreactor for a given reaction. In this review, we provide an up-to-date overview of both technological and chemical aspects associated with photochemical processes in microreactors. Important design considerations, such as light sources, material selection, and solvent constraints are discussed. In addition, a detailed description of photon and mass-transfer phenomena in microreactors is made and fundamental principles are deduced for making a judicious choice for a suitable photomicroreactor. The advantages of microreactor technology for photochemistry are described for UV and visible-light driven photochemical processes and are compared with their batch counterparts. In addition, different scale-up strategies and limitations of continuous-flow microreactors are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhai Su
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Micro Flow Chemistry and Process Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2 (STW 1.48), 5600 MB Eindhoven (The Netherlands) http://www.tue.nl/staff/T.Noel
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27
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Holtbruegge J, Wierschem M, Steinruecken S, Voss D, Parhomenko L, Lutze P. Experimental investigation, modeling and scale-up of hydrophilic vapor permeation membranes: Separation of azeotropic dimethyl carbonate/methanol mixtures. Sep Purif Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2013.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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28
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Lutze P, Gorak A. Reactive and membrane-assisted distillation: Recent developments and perspective. Chem Eng Res Des 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2013.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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29
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Niesbach A, Kuhlmann H, Keller T, Lutze P, Górak A. Optimisation of industrial-scale n-butyl acrylate production using reactive distillation. Chem Eng Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2013.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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30
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31
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Hessel V, Kralisch D, Kockmann N, Noël T, Wang Q. Novel process windows for enabling, accelerating, and uplifting flow chemistry. CHEMSUSCHEM 2013; 6:746-89. [PMID: 23606410 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201200766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 349] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Novel Process Windows make use of process conditions that are far from conventional practices. This involves the use of high temperatures, high pressures, high concentrations (solvent-free), new chemical transformations, explosive conditions, and process simplification and integration to boost synthetic chemistry on both the laboratory and production scale. Such harsh reaction conditions can be safely reached in microstructured reactors due to their excellent transport intensification properties. This Review discusses the different routes towards Novel Process Windows and provides several examples for each route grouped into different classes of chemical and process-design intensification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker Hessel
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Micro Flow Chemistry and Process Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO BOX 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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32
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Keller T, Holtbrügge J, Niesbach A, Górak A. Einsatz der Reaktivdestillation in Multi-Reaktionssystemen. CHEM-ING-TECH 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201200086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Niesbach A, Daniels J, Schröter B, Lutze P, Górak A. The inhibition of acrylic acid and acrylate ester polymerisation in a heterogeneously catalysed pilot-scale reactive distillation column. Chem Eng Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2012.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Niesbach A, Fuhrmeister R, Keller T, Lutze P, Górak A. Esterification of Acrylic Acid and n-Butanol in a Pilot-Scale Reactive Distillation Column—Experimental Investigation, Model Validation, and Process Analysis. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie301934w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Niesbach
- Department of Biochemical and Chemical
Engineering,
Laboratory of Fluid Separations, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Straße 70, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ron Fuhrmeister
- Department of Biochemical and Chemical
Engineering,
Laboratory of Fluid Separations, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Straße 70, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Tobias Keller
- Department of Biochemical and Chemical
Engineering,
Laboratory of Fluid Separations, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Straße 70, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Philip Lutze
- Department of Biochemical and Chemical
Engineering,
Laboratory of Fluid Separations, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Straße 70, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Andrzej Górak
- Department of Biochemical and Chemical
Engineering,
Laboratory of Fluid Separations, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Straße 70, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
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Heils R, Sont A, Bubenheim P, Liese A, Smirnova I. Integration of Enzymatic Catalysts in a Reactive Distillation Column with Structured Packings. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie300837v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rene Heils
- Thermal Separation
Processes, Hamburg University of Technology, Eißendorfer Str. 38, D-21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Annika Sont
- Thermal Separation
Processes, Hamburg University of Technology, Eißendorfer Str. 38, D-21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Paul Bubenheim
- Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg University of Technology, Denickestr.
15, D-21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Liese
- Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg University of Technology, Denickestr.
15, D-21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Irina Smirnova
- Thermal Separation
Processes, Hamburg University of Technology, Eißendorfer Str. 38, D-21073 Hamburg, Germany
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Martínez Arias EL, Fazzio Martins P, Jardini Munhoz AL, Gutierrez-Rivera L, Maciel Filho R. Continuous Synthesis and in Situ Monitoring of Biodiesel Production in Different Microfluidic Devices. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie300486v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edgar L. Martínez Arias
- Laboratory of Optimization,
Design, and Advanced Control (LOPCA), School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Avenida Albert Einstein,
500, 13083-852, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patricia Fazzio Martins
- Laboratory of Optimization,
Design, and Advanced Control (LOPCA), School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Avenida Albert Einstein,
500, 13083-852, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Earth and Exact
Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Prof. Artur Riedel, 275, 09972-270, Diadema, São Paulo,
Brazil
| | - André L. Jardini Munhoz
- Laboratory of Optimization,
Design, and Advanced Control (LOPCA), School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Avenida Albert Einstein,
500, 13083-852, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis Gutierrez-Rivera
- National Institute
for Nanotechnology, National Research Council Canada, 11421 Saskatchewan
Drive NW, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Rubens Maciel Filho
- Laboratory of Optimization,
Design, and Advanced Control (LOPCA), School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Avenida Albert Einstein,
500, 13083-852, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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