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Yu J, Li L, Tao X, Chen Y, Dong D. Metabolic interactions of host-gut microbiota: New possibilities for the precise diagnosis and therapeutic discovery of gastrointestinal cancer in the future-A review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 203:104480. [PMID: 39154670 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer continues to pose a significant global health challenge. Recent advances in our understanding of the complex relationship between the host and gut microbiota have shed light on the critical role of metabolic interactions in the pathogenesis and progression of GI cancer. In this study, we examined how microbiota interact with the host to influence signalling pathways that impact the formation of GI tumours. Additionally, we investigated the potential therapeutic approach of manipulating GI microbiota for use in clinical settings. Revealing the complex molecular exchanges between the host and gut microbiota facilitates a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms that drive cancer development. Metabolic interactions hold promise for the identification of microbial signatures or metabolic pathways associated with specific stages of cancer. Hence, this study provides potential strategies for the diagnosis, treatment and management of GI cancers to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China; College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Xufeng Tao
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China.
| | - Yanwei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China.
| | - Deshi Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China.
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2
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Wu T, Chen S, Zhu X, Ma J, Luo M, Wang Y, Tian Y, Sun Q, Guo X, Zhang J, Zhang X, Zhu Y, Wu L. Dynamic regulation of innate lymphoid cell development during ontogeny. Mucosal Immunol 2024:S1933-0219(24)00090-4. [PMID: 39159846 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2024.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
The helper-like ILC contains various functional subsets, such as ILC1, ILC2, ILC3 and LTi cells, mediating the immune responses against viruses, parasites, and extracellular bacteria, respectively. Among them, LTi cells are also crucial for the formation of peripheral lymphoid tissues, such as lymph nodes. Our research, along with others', indicates a high proportion of LTi cells in the fetal ILC pool, which significantly decreases after birth. Conversely, the proportion of non-LTi ILCs increases postnatally, corresponding to the need for LTi cells to mediate lymphoid tissue formation during fetal stages and other ILC subsets to combat diverse pathogen infections postnatally. However, the regulatory mechanism for this transition remains unclear. In this study, we observed a preference for fetal ILC progenitors to differentiate into LTi cells, while postnatal bone marrow ILC progenitors preferentially differentiate into non-LTi ILCs. Particularly, this differentiation shift occurs within the first week after birth in mice. Further analysis revealed that adult ILC progenitors exhibit stronger activation of the Notch signaling pathway compared to fetal counterparts, accompanied by elevated Gata3 expression and decreased Rorc expression, leading to a transition from fetal LTi cell-dominant states to adult non-LTi ILC-dominant states. This study suggests that the body can regulate ILC development by modulating the activation level of the Notch signaling pathway, thereby acquiring different ILC subsets to accommodate the varying demands within the body at different developmental stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wu
- School of Medicine, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Science, Beijing, China
| | - Sijie Chen
- MOE Key Lab of Bioinformatics/Bioinformatics Division, BNRIST and Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xinyi Zhu
- School of Medicine, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Science, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Maocai Luo
- School of Medicine, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuanhao Wang
- School of Medicine, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yujie Tian
- School of Medicine, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qingqing Sun
- School of Medicine, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaohuan Guo
- School of Medicine, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jianhong Zhang
- School of Medicine, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xuegong Zhang
- MOE Key Lab of Bioinformatics/Bioinformatics Division, BNRIST and Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Yunping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Li Wu
- School of Medicine, Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Science, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Beijing 100084, China.
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Teffera M, Veith AC, Ronnekleiv-Kelly S, Bradfield CA, Nikodemova M, Tussing-Humphreys L, Malecki K. Diverse mechanisms by which chemical pollutant exposure alters gut microbiota metabolism and inflammation. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 190:108805. [PMID: 38901183 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
The human gut microbiome, the host, and the environment are inextricably linked across the life course with significant health impacts. Consisting of trillions of bacteria, fungi, viruses, and other micro-organisms, microbiota living within our gut are particularly dynamic and responsible for digestion and metabolism of diverse classes of ingested chemical pollutants. Exposure to chemical pollutants not only in early life but throughout growth and into adulthood can alter human hosts' ability to absorb and metabolize xenobiotics, nutrients, and other components critical to health and longevity. Inflammation is a common mechanism underlying multiple environmentally related chronic conditions, including cardiovascular disease, multiple cancer types, and mental health. While growing research supports complex interactions between pollutants and the gut microbiome, significant gaps exist. Few reviews provide descriptions of the complex mechanisms by which chemical pollutants interact with the host microbiome through either direct or indirect pathways to alter disease risk, with a particular focus on inflammatory pathways. This review focuses on examples of several classes of pollutants commonly ingested by humans, including (i) heavy metals, (ii) persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and (iii) nitrates. Digestive enzymes and gut microbes are the first line of absorption and metabolism of these chemicals, and gut microbes have been shown to alter compounds from a less to more toxic state influencing subsequent distribution and excretion. In addition, chemical pollutants may interact with or alter the selection of more harmful and less commensal microbiota, leading to gut dysbiosis, and changes in receptor-mediated signaling pathways that alter the integrity and function of the gut intestinal tract. Arsenic, cadmium, and lead (heavy metals), influence the microbiome directly by altering different classes of bacteria, and subsequently driving inflammation through metabolite production and different signaling pathways (LPS/TLR4 or proteoglycan/TLR2 pathways). POPs can alter gut microbial composition either directly or indirectly depending on their ability to activate key signaling pathways within the intestine (e.g., PCB-126 and AHR). Nitrates and nitrites' effect on the gut and host may depend on their ability to be transformed to secondary and tertiary metabolites by gut bacteria. Future research should continue to support foundational research both in vitro, in vivo, and longitudinal population-based research to better identify opportunities for prevention, gain additional mechanistic insights into the complex interactions between environmental pollutants and the microbiome and support additional translational science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menna Teffera
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, US; Biotechnology Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, US.
| | - Alex C Veith
- Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, US.
| | - Sean Ronnekleiv-Kelly
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, US; Biotechnology Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, US; Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, US.
| | - Christopher A Bradfield
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, US; Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, US; Department of Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, US.
| | - Maria Nikodemova
- College of Public Health and Health Professionals, University of Florida, FL, US.
| | - Lisa Tussing-Humphreys
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL, US; University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL, US.
| | - Kristen Malecki
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, US; Biotechnology Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, US; University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL, US; Environmental Occupational Health Sciences, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL, US.
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4
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Essex M, Millet Pascual-Leone B, Löber U, Kuhring M, Zhang B, Brüning U, Fritsche-Guenther R, Krzanowski M, Fiocca Vernengo F, Brumhard S, Röwekamp I, Anna Bielecka A, Lesker TR, Wyler E, Landthaler M, Mantei A, Meisel C, Caesar S, Thibeault C, Corman VM, Marko L, Suttorp N, Strowig T, Kurth F, Sander LE, Li Y, Kirwan JA, Forslund SK, Opitz B. Gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with altered tryptophan metabolism and dysregulated inflammatory response in COVID-19. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2024; 10:66. [PMID: 39085233 PMCID: PMC11291933 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-024-00538-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The clinical course of COVID-19 is variable and often unpredictable. To test the hypothesis that disease progression and inflammatory responses associate with alterations in the microbiome and metabolome, we analyzed metagenome, metabolome, cytokine, and transcriptome profiles of repeated samples from hospitalized COVID-19 patients and uninfected controls, and leveraged clinical information and post-hoc confounder analysis. Severe COVID-19 was associated with a depletion of beneficial intestinal microbes, whereas oropharyngeal microbiota disturbance was mainly linked to antibiotic use. COVID-19 severity was also associated with enhanced plasma concentrations of kynurenine and reduced levels of several other tryptophan metabolites, lysophosphatidylcholines, and secondary bile acids. Moreover, reduced concentrations of various tryptophan metabolites were associated with depletion of Faecalibacterium, and tryptophan decrease and kynurenine increase were linked to enhanced production of inflammatory cytokines. Collectively, our study identifies correlated microbiome and metabolome alterations as a potential contributor to inflammatory dysregulation in severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Essex
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a cooperation of the Max Delbrück Center and Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, a corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Belén Millet Pascual-Leone
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, a corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Löber
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a cooperation of the Max Delbrück Center and Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, a corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mathias Kuhring
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité, BIH Metabolomics Platform, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité, Core Unit Bioinformatics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Department of Computational Biology for Individualized Infection Medicine, Center for Individualized Infection Medicine (CiiM), a joint venture between the Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
- TWINCORE, joint ventures between the Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Ulrike Brüning
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité, BIH Metabolomics Platform, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Marta Krzanowski
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, a corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Facundo Fiocca Vernengo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, a corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sophia Brumhard
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, a corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ivo Röwekamp
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, a corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Agata Anna Bielecka
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Till Robin Lesker
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Emanuel Wyler
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Landthaler
- Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Christian Meisel
- Labor Berlin-Charité Vivantes GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, a corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sandra Caesar
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, a corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Charlotte Thibeault
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, a corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Victor M Corman
- Labor Berlin-Charité Vivantes GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, a corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Berlin, Germany
| | - Lajos Marko
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a cooperation of the Max Delbrück Center and Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, a corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Norbert Suttorp
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, a corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Berlin, Germany
| | - Till Strowig
- Department of Computational Biology for Individualized Infection Medicine, Center for Individualized Infection Medicine (CiiM), a joint venture between the Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
- Department of Microbial Immune Regulation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Hannover-Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Florian Kurth
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, a corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Leif E Sander
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, a corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Berlin, Germany
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Computational Biology for Individualized Infection Medicine, Center for Individualized Infection Medicine (CiiM), a joint venture between the Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
- TWINCORE, joint ventures between the Helmholtz Center for Infection Research (HZI) and the Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Jennifer A Kirwan
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) at Charité, BIH Metabolomics Platform, Berlin, Germany
- University of Nottingham School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Loughborough, UK
| | - Sofia K Forslund
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a cooperation of the Max Delbrück Center and Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, a corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bastian Opitz
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Respiratory Medicine and Critical Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, a corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- Labor Berlin-Charité Vivantes GmbH, Berlin, Germany.
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Berlin, Germany.
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Yan G, Zhang L, Wu D, Jiang S, Wu Q, Dai M. Paeonol attenuates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by regulating intestinal flora and AhR/NLRP3/Caspase-1 metabolic pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 329:118147. [PMID: 38574779 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a common metabolic liver injury disease that is closely associated with obesity and metabolic disorders. Paeonol, an active ingredient found in Moutan Cortex, a traditional Chinese medicine which exhibits significant therapeutic effect on liver protection, has shown promising effects in treating liver diseases, particularly NASH. However, the specific intervention mechanism of paeonol on NASH is still unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY Our objective is to elucidate the pharmacological mechanism of paeonol in intervening NASH at the in vivo level, focusing on the impact on intestinal flora, tryptophan-related targeted metabolome, and related Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) pathways. MATERIALS AND METHODS Here, we explored the intervention effect of paeonol on NASH by utilizing the NASH mouse model. The Illumina highthroughput sequencing technology was preformed to determine the differences of gut microbiota of model and paeonol treatment group. The concentration of Indoleacetic acid is determined by ELISA. The intervention effect of NASH mouse and AhR/NLRP3/Caspase-1 metabolic pathway is analyzed by HE staining, oil red O staining, Immunohistochemistry, Immunofluorescence, Western blot and qRT-PCR assays. Fecal microbiota transplantation experiment also was performed to verify the intervention effect of paeonol on NASH by affecting gut microbiota. RESULTS Firstly, we discovered that paeonol effectively reduced liver pathology and blood lipid levels in NASH mice, thereby intervening in the progression of NASH. Subsequently, through 16S meta-analysis, we identified that paeonol can effectively regulate the composition of intestinal flora in NASH mice, transforming it to resemble that of normal mice. Specifically, paeonol decreased the abundance of certain Gram-negative tryptophan-metabolizing bacteria. Moreover, we discovered that paeonol significantly increased the levels of metabolites Indoleacetic acid, subsequently enhancing the expression of AhR-related pathway proteins. This led to the inhibition of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome production and inflammation generation in NASH. Lastly, we verified the efficacy of paeonol in intervening NASH by conducting fecal microbiota transplantation experiments, which confirmed its role in promoting the AhR/NLRP3/cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase (Caspase-1) pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that paeonol can increase the production of Indoleacetic acid by regulating the gut flora, and promote the AhR/NLRP3/Caspase-1 metabolic pathway to intervene NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiming Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, 350 Longzihu Road, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Luning Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, 350 Longzihu Road, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Daqiang Wu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, 350 Longzihu Road, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Shengnan Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, 350 Longzihu Road, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Qifeng Wu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, 350 Longzihu Road, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Min Dai
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, 350 Longzihu Road, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China.
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Pu B, Zhu H, Wei L, Gu L, Zhang S, Jian Z, Xiong X. The Involvement of Immune Cells Between Ischemic Stroke and Gut Microbiota. Transl Stroke Res 2024; 15:498-517. [PMID: 37140808 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-023-01151-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke, a disease with high mortality and disability rate worldwide, currently has no effective treatment. The systemic inflammation response to the ischemic stroke, followed by immunosuppression in focal neurologic deficits and other inflammatory damage, reduces the circulating immune cell counts and multiorgan infectious complications such as intestinal and gut dysfunction dysbiosis. Evidence showed that microbiota dysbiosis plays a role in neuroinflammation and peripheral immune response after stroke, changing the lymphocyte populations. Multiple immune cells, including lymphocytes, engage in complex and dynamic immune responses in all stages of stroke and may be a pivotal moderator in the bidirectional immunomodulation between ischemic stroke and gut microbiota. This review discusses the role of lymphocytes and other immune cells, the immunological processes in the bidirectional immunomodulation between gut microbiota and ischemic stroke, and its potential as a therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Pu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Wei
- Organ Transplantation Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Lijuan Gu
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenqi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihong Jian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoxing Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Rd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China.
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Congues F, Wang P, Lee J, Lin D, Shahid A, Xie J, Huang Y. Targeting aryl hydrocarbon receptor to prevent cancer in barrier organs. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 223:116156. [PMID: 38518996 PMCID: PMC11144369 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
The skin, lung, and gut are important barrier organs that control how the body reacts to environmental stressors such as ultraviolet (UV) radiation, air pollutants, dietary components, and microorganisms. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor that plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis of barrier organs. AhR was initially discovered as a receptor for environmental chemical carcinogens such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Activation of AhR pathways by PAHs leads to increased DNA damage and mutations which ultimately lead to carcinogenesis. Ongoing evidence reveals an ever-expanding role of AhR. Recently, AhR has been linked to immune systems by the interaction with the development of natural killer (NK) cells, regulatory T (Treg) cells, and T helper 17 (Th17) cells, as well as the production of immunosuppressive cytokines. However, the role of AhR in carcinogenesis is not as straightforward as we initially thought. Although AhR activation has been shown to promote carcinogenesis in some studies, others suggest that it may act as a tumor suppressor. In this review, we aim to explore the role of AhR in the development of cancer that originates from barrier organs. We also examined the preclinical efficacy data of AhR agonists and antagonists on carcinogenesis to determine whether AhR modulation can be a viable option for cancer chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francoise Congues
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; Department of Stomatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Joshua Lee
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Daphne Lin
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Ayaz Shahid
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Jianming Xie
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA.
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8
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Murillo-González FE, García-Aguilar R, Limón-Pacheco J, Cabañas-Cortés MA, Elizondo G. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and kynurenine induce Parkin expression in neuroblastoma cells through different signaling pathways mediated by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Toxicol Lett 2024; 394:114-127. [PMID: 38437907 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2024.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Parkin regulates protein degradation and mitophagy in dopaminergic neurons. Deficiencies in Parkin expression or function lead to cellular stress, cell degeneration, and the death of dopaminergic neurons, which promotes Parkinson's disease. In contrast, Parkin overexpression promotes neuronal survival. Therefore, the mechanisms of Parkin upregulation are crucial to understand. We describe here the molecular mechanism of AHR-mediated Parkin regulation in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Specifically, we report that the human Parkin gene (PRKN) is transcriptionally upregulated by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) through two different selective ligand-dependent pathways. 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), a stress-inducing AHR ligand, indirectly promotes PRKN transcription by inducing ATF4 expression via TCDD-mediated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In contrast, kynurenine, a nontoxic AHR agonist, induces PRKN transcription by promoting AHR binding to the PRKN promoter without activating ER stress. Our results demonstrate that AHR activation may be a potential pharmacological pathway to induce human Parkin, but such a strategy must carefully consider the choice of AHR ligand to avoid neurotoxic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rosario García-Aguilar
- Departamento de Toxicología, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, Ciudad de México C.P. 07360, Mexico
| | - Jorge Limón-Pacheco
- Departamento de Biología Celular, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, Ciudad de México C.P. 07360, Mexico
| | | | - Guillermo Elizondo
- Departamento de Biología Celular, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, Ciudad de México C.P. 07360, Mexico.
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9
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Rayan M, Sayed TS, Hussein OJ, Therachiyil L, Maayah ZH, Maccalli C, Uddin S, Prehn JHM, Korashy HM. Unlocking the secrets: exploring the influence of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and microbiome on cancer development. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:33. [PMID: 38448800 PMCID: PMC10918910 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00538-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota regulates various aspects of human physiology by producing metabolites, metabolizing enzymes, and toxins. Many studies have linked microbiota with human health and altered microbiome configurations with the occurrence of several diseases, including cancer. Accumulating evidence suggests that the microbiome can influence the initiation and progression of several cancers. Moreover, some microbiotas of the gut and oral cavity have been reported to infect tumors, initiate metastasis, and promote the spread of cancer to distant organs, thereby influencing the clinical outcome of cancer patients. The gut microbiome has recently been reported to interact with environmental factors such as diet and exposure to environmental toxicants. Exposure to environmental pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) induces a shift in the gut microbiome metabolic pathways, favoring a proinflammatory microenvironment. In addition, other studies have also correlated cancer incidence with exposure to PAHs. PAHs are known to induce organ carcinogenesis through activating a ligand-activated transcriptional factor termed the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), which metabolizes PAHs to highly reactive carcinogenic intermediates. However, the crosstalk between AhR and the microbiome in mediating carcinogenesis is poorly reviewed. This review aims to discuss the role of exposure to environmental pollutants and activation of AhR on microbiome-associated cancer progression and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menatallah Rayan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P. O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Tahseen S Sayed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P. O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ola J Hussein
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P. O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Lubna Therachiyil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P. O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Zaid H Maayah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P. O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jochen H M Prehn
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
- RCSI Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Hesham M Korashy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, P. O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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10
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Chen SY, Gloria LS, Pedrosa VB, Doucette J, Boerman JP, Brito LF. Unraveling the genomic background of resilience based on variability in milk yield and milk production levels in North American Holstein cattle through genome-wide association study and Mendelian randomization analyses. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:1035-1053. [PMID: 37776995 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Breeding more resilient animals will benefit the dairy cattle industry in the long term, especially as global climate changes become more severe. Previous studies have reported genetic parameters for various milk yield-based resilience indicators, but the underlying genomic background of these traits remain unknown. In this study, we conducted GWAS of 62,029 SNPs with 4 milk yield-based resilience indicators, including the weighted occurrence frequency (wfPert) and accumulated milk losses (dPert) of milk yield perturbations, and log-transformed variance (LnVar) and lag-1 autocorrelation (rauto) of daily yield residuals. These variables were previously derived from 5.6 million daily milk yield records from 21,350 lactations (parities 1-3) of 11,787 North American Holstein cows. The average daily milk yield (ADMY) throughout lactation was also included to compare the shared genetic background of resilience indicators with milk yield. The differential genetic background of these indicators was first revealed by the significant genomic regions identified and significantly enriched biological pathways of positional candidate genes, which confirmed the genetic difference among resilience indicators. Interestingly, the functional analyses of candidate genes suggested that the regulation of intestinal homeostasis is most likely affecting resilience derived based on variability in milk yield. Based on Mendelian randomization analyses of multiple instrumental SNPs, we further found an unfavorable causal association of ADMY with LnVar. In conclusion, the resilience indicators evaluated are genetically different traits, and there are causal associations of milk yield with some of the resilience indicators evaluated. In addition to providing biological insights into the molecular regulation mechanisms of resilience derived based on variability in milk yield, this study also indicates the need for developing selection indexes combining multiple indicator traits and taking into account their genetic relationship for breeding more resilient dairy cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yi Chen
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Leonardo S Gloria
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Victor B Pedrosa
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - Jarrod Doucette
- Agriculture Information Technology (AgIT), Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | | | - Luiz F Brito
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907.
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11
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Vázquez-Gómez G, Petráš J, Dvořák Z, Vondráček J. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and pregnane X receptor (PXR) play both distinct and common roles in the regulation of colon homeostasis and intestinal carcinogenesis. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 216:115797. [PMID: 37696457 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Both aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and pregnane X receptor (PXR) belong among key regulators of xenobiotic metabolism in the intestinal tissue. AhR in particular is activated by a wide range of environmental and dietary carcinogens. The data accumulated over the last two decades suggest that both of these transcriptional regulators play a much wider role in the maintenance of gut homeostasis, and that both transcription factors may affect processes linked with intestinal tumorigenesis. Intestinal epithelium is continuously exposed to a wide range of AhR, PXR and dual AhR/PXR ligands formed by intestinal microbiota or originating from diet. Current evidence suggests that specific ligands of both AhR and PXR can protect intestinal epithelium against inflammation and assist in the maintenance of epithelial barrier integrity. AhR, and to a lesser extent also PXR, have been shown to play a protective role against inflammation-induced colon cancer, or, in mouse models employing overactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. In contrast, other evidence suggests that both receptors may contribute to modulation of transformed colon cell behavior, with a potential to promote cancer progression and/or chemoresistance. The review focuses on both overlapping and separate roles of the two receptors in these processes, and on possible implications of their activity within the context of intestinal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Vázquez-Gómez
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the CAS, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Petráš
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the CAS, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Dvořák
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Vondráček
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the CAS, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic.
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12
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Hu XL, Xiao W, Lei Y, Green A, Lee X, Maradana MR, Gao Y, Xie X, Wang R, Chennell G, Basson MA, Kille P, Maret W, Bewick GA, Zhou Y, Hogstrand C. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor utilises cellular zinc signals to maintain the gut epithelial barrier. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5431. [PMID: 37669965 PMCID: PMC10480478 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41168-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc and plant-derived ligands of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) are dietary components affecting intestinal epithelial barrier function. Here, we explore whether zinc and the AHR pathway are linked. We show that dietary supplementation with an AHR pre-ligand offers protection against inflammatory bowel disease in a mouse model while protection fails in mice lacking AHR in the intestinal epithelium. AHR agonist treatment is also ineffective in mice fed zinc depleted diet. In human ileum organoids and Caco-2 cells, AHR activation increases total cellular zinc and cytosolic free Zn2+ concentrations through transcription of genes for zinc importers. Tight junction proteins are upregulated through zinc inhibition of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer and calpain activity. Our data show that AHR activation by plant-derived dietary ligands improves gut barrier function at least partly via zinc-dependent cellular pathways, suggesting that combined dietary supplementation with AHR ligands and zinc might be effective in preventing inflammatory gut disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuchuan Lucas Hu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Wenfeng Xiao
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxian Lei
- Department of Diabetes, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Adam Green
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Xinyi Lee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Yajing Gao
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueru Xie
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - George Chennell
- Clinical Neuroscience Department, King's College London, London, UK
| | - M Albert Basson
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology and MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, UK
- Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Pete Kille
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Wolfgang Maret
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Gavin A Bewick
- Department of Diabetes, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Yufeng Zhou
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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13
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Debler RA, Madison CA, Hillbrick L, Gallegos P, Safe S, Chapkin RS, Eitan S. Selective aryl hydrocarbon receptor modulators can act as antidepressants in obese female mice. J Affect Disord 2023; 333:409-419. [PMID: 37084978 PMCID: PMC10561895 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obese females are more likely to suffer from depression and are also more likely to be resistant to current medications. This study examined the potential antidepressant-like effects of 1,4-dihydroxy-2-napthoic acid (DHNA), a selective aryl hydrocarbon receptor modulator (SAhRM), in obese female mice. METHODS Obesity was established by feeding C57BL/6N female mice a high fat diet (HFD) for 9-10 weeks. Subsequently, mice were subjected to unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) or remained unstressed. Daily administration of vehicle or 20 mg/kg DHNA began three weeks prior or on the third week of UCMS. Mice were examined for depression-like behaviors (sucrose preference, forced swim test (FST), splash and tape groom tests), anxiety (open-field test, light/dark test, novelty-induced hypophagia), and cognition (object location recognition, novel object recognition, Morris water maze). RESULTS UCMS did not alter, and DHNA slightly increased, weight gain in HFD-fed females. HFD decreased sucrose preference, increased FST immobility time, but did not alter splash and tape tests' grooming time. UCMS did not have additional effects on sucrose preference. UCMS further increased FST immobility time and decreased splash and tape tests' grooming time; these effects were prevented and reversed by DHNA treatment. HFD did not affect behaviors in the cognitive tests. UCMS impaired spatial learning; this effect was not prevented nor reversed by DHNA. CONCLUSIONS DHNA protected against UCMS-induced depression-like behaviors in HFD-fed female mice. DHNA neither improved nor worsened UCMS-induced impairment of spatial learning. Our findings indicate that DHNA has high potential to act as an antidepressant in obese females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roanna A Debler
- Behavioral and Cellular Neuroscience, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, 4235 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Caitlin A Madison
- Behavioral and Cellular Neuroscience, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, 4235 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Lauren Hillbrick
- Behavioral and Cellular Neuroscience, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, 4235 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Paula Gallegos
- Behavioral and Cellular Neuroscience, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, 4235 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Stephen Safe
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, 4466 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-4466, USA
| | - Robert S Chapkin
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Shoshana Eitan
- Behavioral and Cellular Neuroscience, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, 4235 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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14
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Churchward MA, Michaud ER, Mullish BH, Miguens Blanco J, Garcia Perez I, Marchesi JR, Xu H, Kao D, Todd KG. Short-chain fatty and carboxylic acid changes associated with fecal microbiota transplant communally influence microglial inflammation. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16908. [PMID: 37484415 PMCID: PMC10360965 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota has been proposed to influence human mental health and cognition through the gut-brain axis. Individuals experiencing recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI) frequently report depressive symptoms, which are improved after fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT); however, mechanisms underlying this association are poorly understood. Short-chain fatty acids and carboxylic acids (SCCA) produced by the intestinal microbiota cross the blood brain barrier and have been proposed to contribute to gut-brain communication. We hypothesized that changes in serum SCCA measured before and after successful FMT for rCDI influences the inflammatory response of microglia, the resident immune cells of the central nervous system. Serum SCCA were quantified using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy from 38 patients who participated in a randomized trial comparing oral capsule-vs colonoscopy-delivered FMT for rCDI, and quality of life was assessed by SF-36 at baseline, 4, and 12 weeks after FMT treatment. Successful FMT was associated with improvements in mental and physical health, as well as significant changes in a number of circulating SCCA, including increased butyrate, 2-methylbutyrate, valerate, and isovalerate, and decreased 2-hydroxybutyrate. Primary cultured microglia were treated with SCCA and the response to a pro-inflammatory stimulus was measured. Treatment with a combination of SCCA based on the post-FMT serum profile, but not single SCCA species, resulted in significantly reduced inflammatory response including reduced cytokine release, reduced nitric oxide release, and accumulation of intracellular lipid droplets. This suggests that both levels and diversity of SCCA may be an important contributor to gut-brain communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A. Churchward
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Concordia University of Edmonton, AB, T5B 4E4, Canada
- Neurochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R3, Canada
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Emily R. Michaud
- Neurochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R3, Canada
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Benjamin H. Mullish
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, W2 1NY, UK
| | - Jesús Miguens Blanco
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, W2 1NY, UK
| | - Isabel Garcia Perez
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, W2 1NY, UK
| | - Julian R. Marchesi
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, W2 1NY, UK
| | - Huiping Xu
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, IN, USA, 46202
| | - Dina Kao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - Kathryn G. Todd
- Neurochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R3, Canada
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R3, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R3, Canada
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15
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Baranwal G, Goodlett BL, Arenaz CM, Creed HA, Navaneethabalakrishnan S, Rutkowski JM, Alaniz RC, Mitchell BM. Indole Propionic Acid Increases T Regulatory Cells and Decreases T Helper 17 Cells and Blood Pressure in Mice with Salt-Sensitive Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9192. [PMID: 37298145 PMCID: PMC10252743 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension affects over a billion adults worldwide and is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Studies have reported that the microbiota and its metabolites regulate hypertension pathophysiology. Recently, tryptophan metabolites have been identified to contribute to and inhibit the progression of metabolic disorders and cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension. Indole propionic acid (IPA) is a tryptophan metabolite with reported protective effects in neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases; however, its involvement in renal immunomodulation and sodium handling in hypertension is unknown. In the current study, targeted metabolomic analysis revealed decreased serum and fecal IPA levels in mice with L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME)/high salt diet-induced hypertension (LSHTN) compared to normotensive control mice. Additionally, kidneys from LSHTN mice had increased T helper 17 (Th17) cells and decreased T regulatory (Treg) cells. Dietary IPA supplementation in LSHTN mice for 3 weeks resulted in decreased systolic blood pressure, along with increased total 24 h and fractional sodium excretion. Kidney immunophenotyping demonstrated decreased Th17 cells and a trend toward increased Treg cells in IPA-supplemented LSHTN mice. In vitro, naïve T cells from control mice were skewed into Th17 or Treg cells. The presence of IPA decreased Th17 cells and increased Treg cells after 3 days. These results identify a direct role for IPA in attenuating renal Th17 cells and increasing Treg cells, leading to improved sodium handling and decreased blood pressure. IPA may be a potential metabolite-based therapeutic option for hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Baranwal
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University School of Medicine, Bryan, TX 77807, USA (B.L.G.)
| | - Bethany L. Goodlett
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University School of Medicine, Bryan, TX 77807, USA (B.L.G.)
| | - Cristina M. Arenaz
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University School of Medicine, Bryan, TX 77807, USA (B.L.G.)
| | - Heidi A. Creed
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University School of Medicine, Bryan, TX 77807, USA (B.L.G.)
| | | | - Joseph M. Rutkowski
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University School of Medicine, Bryan, TX 77807, USA (B.L.G.)
| | - Robert C. Alaniz
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University School of Medicine, Bryan, TX 77807, USA
| | - Brett M. Mitchell
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University School of Medicine, Bryan, TX 77807, USA (B.L.G.)
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16
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Chen Y, Wang Y, Fu Y, Yin Y, Xu K. Modulating AHR function offers exciting therapeutic potential in gut immunity and inflammation. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:85. [PMID: 37179416 PMCID: PMC10182712 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01046-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor. 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a classical exogenous synthetic ligand of AHR that has significant immunotoxic effects. Activation of AHR has beneficial effects on intestinal immune responses, but inactivation or overactivation of AHR can lead to intestinal immune dysregulation and even intestinal diseases. Sustained potent activation of AHR by TCDD results in impairment of the intestinal epithelial barrier. However, currently, AHR research has been more focused on elucidating physiologic AHR function than on dioxin toxicity. The appropriate level of AHR activation plays a role in maintaining gut health and protecting against intestinal inflammation. Therefore, AHR offers a crucial target to modulate intestinal immunity and inflammation. Herein, we summarize our current understanding of the relationship between AHR and intestinal immunity, the ways in which AHR affects intestinal immunity and inflammation, the effects of AHR activity on intestinal immunity and inflammation, and the effect of dietary habits on intestinal health through AHR. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic role of AHR in maintaining gut homeostasis and relieving inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Yadong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Yawei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Kang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China.
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17
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Ma N, Ma D, Liu X, Zhao L, Ma L, Ma D, Dong S. Bisphenol P exposure in C57BL/6 mice caused gut microbiota dysbiosis and induced intestinal barrier disruption via LPS/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 175:107949. [PMID: 37126915 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Despite being one of the most world's widely used and mass-produced compounds, bisphenol A (BPA) has a wide range of toxic effects. Bisphenol P (BPP), an alternative to BPA, has been detected in many foods. The effects of BPP dietary exposure on gut microbiota and the intestinal barrier were unclear. We designed three batches of animal experiments: The first studied mice were exposed to BPP (30 µg/kg BW/day) for nine weeks and found that they gained weight and developed dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. The second, using typical human exposure levels (L, 0.3 µg/kg BW/day BPP) and higher concentrations (M, 30 µg/kg BW/day BPP; H, 3000 µg/kg BW/day BPP), caused gut microbiota dysbiosis in mice, activated the Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) /TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, triggered an inflammatory response, increased intestinal permeability, and promoted bacterial translocation leading to intestinal barrier disruption. The third treatment used a combination of antibiotics and alleviated intestinal inflammation and injury. This study demonstrated the mechanism of injury and concentration effects of intestinal damage caused by BPP exposure, providing reference data for BPP use and control and yielding new insights for human disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Ma
- College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Diao Ma
- College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Xia Liu
- College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Lining Zhao
- College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Lei Ma
- College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Dan Ma
- College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Sijun Dong
- College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China.
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18
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Elson DJ, Kolluri SK. Tumor-Suppressive Functions of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) and AhR as a Therapeutic Target in Cancer. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12040526. [PMID: 37106727 PMCID: PMC10135996 DOI: 10.3390/biology12040526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor involved in regulating a wide range of biological responses. A diverse array of xenobiotics and endogenous small molecules bind to the receptor and drive unique phenotypic responses. Due in part to its role in mediating toxic responses to environmental pollutants, AhR activation has not been traditionally viewed as a viable therapeutic approach. Nonetheless, the expression and activation of AhR can inhibit the proliferation, migration, and survival of cancer cells, and many clinically approved drugs transcriptionally activate AhR. Identification of novel select modulators of AhR-regulated transcription that promote tumor suppression is an active area of investigation. The development of AhR-targeted anticancer agents requires a thorough understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving tumor suppression. Here, we summarized the tumor-suppressive mechanisms regulated by AhR with an emphasis on the endogenous functions of the receptor in opposing carcinogenesis. In multiple different cancer models, the deletion of AhR promotes increased tumorigenesis, but a precise understanding of the molecular cues and the genetic targets of AhR involved in this process is lacking. The intent of this review was to synthesize the evidence supporting AhR-dependent tumor suppression and distill insights for development of AhR-targeted cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Elson
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Siva K. Kolluri
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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19
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Vijay A, Boyle NR, Kumar SM, Perdew GH, Srinivasan S, Patterson AD. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation affects nitrergic neuronal survival and delays intestinal motility in mice. Toxicol Sci 2023; 192:117-128. [PMID: 36782369 PMCID: PMC10025877 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite progress describing the effects of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) on the central nervous system, the effect of POPs on enteric nervous system (ENS) function remains underexplored. We studied the effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), a POP, and a potent aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) ligand, on the ENS and intestinal motility in mice. C57Bl/6J mice treated with TCDD (2.4 µg/kg body weight) for 8 weeks (once per week) exhibited significant delay in intestinal motility as shown by reduced stool frequency, prolonged intestinal transit time, and a persistence of dye in the jejunum compared to control mice with maximal dye retention in the ileum. TCDD significantly increased Cyp1a1 expression, an AHR target gene, and reduced the total number of neurons and affected nitrergic neurons in cells isolated from WT mice, but not Ahr-/- mice. In immortalized fetal enteric neuronal cells, TCDD-induced nuclear translocation of AHR as well as increased Cyp1a1 expression. AHR activation did not affect neuronal proliferation. However, AHR activation resulted in enteric neuronal toxicity, specifically, nitrergic neurons. Our results demonstrate that TCDD adversely affects nitrergic neurons and thereby contributes to delayed intestinal motility. These findings suggest that AHR signaling in the ENS may play a role in modulating TCDD-induced gastrointestinal pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anitha Vijay
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Nina R Boyle
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Supriya M Kumar
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Gary H Perdew
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Shanthi Srinivasan
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, USA
| | - Andrew D Patterson
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
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20
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Yin H, Zhang J, Zhang H, Li Q, Qiu H, Hong K, Wang W, Xiao Y, Yu B. Fusobacterium nucleatum promotes proliferation in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma via AHR/CYP1A1 signalling. FEBS J 2023; 290:837-854. [PMID: 36070107 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) is reportedly involved in poor prognosis of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), but the responsible mechanisms remain unclear. The present study aimed to explore the function of Fn in ESCC progression, and to identify the key genes or signals involved. Fluorescence in situ hybridization and quantitative PCR assays were applied to measure the abundance of Fn in ESCC tissues, finding that ESCC tissues displayed a higher abundance of Fn compared to adjacent tissues. Furthermore, Fn abundance in advanced ESCC tissues was found to be higher than that in early stage ESCC. The proliferation assays and wound healing assays indicated that Fn infection promoted ESCC cell proliferation and migration. Based on high-throughput sequencing, cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) was the most significantly upregulated (eightfold increase) gene, and AKT signalling was activated in KYSE-450 cells treated with Fn. Knocking down CYP1A1 or inactivating AKT signalling with LY294002 downregulated p-AKTS473 , inhibited cell proliferation, and compromised the proliferation effect induced by Fn in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Inactivating the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) by CH-223191 reversed CYP1A1 expression induced by Fn and inhibited the proliferation of ESCC cells. Taken together, our findings indicate that Fn may promote ESCC cell proliferation via AHR/CYP1A1/AKT signalling. Targeting Fn or AHR/CYP1A1 signalling could yield approaches relevant to the treatment of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haisen Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China.,Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianwei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China.,Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Digestive System Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Qing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China
| | - Hu Qiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China
| | - Kunqiao Hong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China
| | - Yong Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China
| | - Baoping Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China
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21
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Abstract
Reprogrammed metabolism is a hallmark of colorectal cancer (CRC). CRC cells are geared toward rapid proliferation, requiring nutrients and the removal of cellular waste in nutrient-poor environments. Intestinal stem cells (ISCs), the primary cell of origin for CRCs, must adapt their metabolism along the adenoma-carcinoma sequence to the unique features of their complex microenvironment that include interactions with intestinal epithelial cells, immune cells, stromal cells, commensal microbes, and dietary components. Emerging evidence implicates modifiable risk factors related to the environment, such as diet, as important in CRC pathogenesis. Here, we focus on describing the metabolism of ISCs, diets that influence CRC initiation, CRC genetics and metabolism, and the tumor microenvironment. The mechanistic links between environmental factors, metabolic adaptations, and the tumor microenvironment in enhancing or supporting CRC tumorigenesis are becoming better understood. Thus, greater knowledge of CRC metabolism holds promise for improved prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph C Sedlak
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA;
- Harvard/MIT MD-PhD Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ömer H Yilmaz
- The David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA;
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pathology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jatin Roper
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA;
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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22
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Liang S, Wang L, Wu X, Hu X, Wang T, Jin F. The different trends in the burden of neurological and mental disorders following dietary transition in China, the USA, and the world: An extension analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Front Nutr 2023; 9:957688. [PMID: 36698474 PMCID: PMC9869872 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.957688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The highly processed western diet is substituting the low-processed traditional diet in the last decades globally. Increasing research found that a diet with poor quality such as western diet disrupts gut microbiota and increases the susceptibility to various neurological and mental disorders, while a balanced diet regulates gut microbiota and prevents and alleviates the neurological and mental disorders. Yet, there is limited research on the association between the disease burden expanding of neurological and mental disorders with a dietary transition. Methods We compared the disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) trend by age for neurological and mental disorders in China, in the United States of America (USA), and across the world from 1990 to 2019, evaluated the dietary transition in the past 60 years, and analyzed the association between the burden trend of the two disorders with the changes in diet composition and food production. Results We identified an age-related upward pattern in disease burden in China. Compared with the USA and the world, the Chinese neurological and mental disorders DALY percent was least in the generation over 75 but rapidly increased in younger generations and surpassed the USA and/or the world in the last decades. The age-related upward pattern in Chinese disease burdens had not only shown in the presence of cardiovascular diseases, neoplasms, and diabetes mellitus but also appeared in the presence of depressive disorders, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, schizophrenia, headache disorders, anxiety disorders, conduct disorders, autism spectrum disorders, and eating disorders, successively. Additionally, the upward trend was associated with the dramatic dietary transition including a reduction in dietary quality and food production sustainability, during which the younger generation is more affected than the older. Following the increase in total calorie intake, alcohol intake, ratios of animal to vegetal foods, and poultry meat to pulses, the burdens of the above diseases continuously rose. Then, following the rise of the ratios of meat to pulses, eggs to pulses, and pork to pulses, the usage of fertilizers, the farming density of pigs, and the burdens of the above disease except diabetes mellitus were also ever-increasing. Even the usage of pesticides was positively correlated with the burdens of Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, cardiovascular diseases, and neoplasms. Contrary to China, the corresponding burdens of the USA trended to reduce with the improvements in diet quality and food production sustainability. Discussion Our results suggest that improving diet quality and food production sustainability might be a promising way to stop the expanding burdens of neurological and mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,Gut-brain Psychology Laboratory, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Shan Liang,
| | - Li Wang
- Department for the History of Science and Scientific Archaeology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,Gut-brain Psychology Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,Gut-brain Psychology Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,Gut-brain Psychology Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Jin
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,Gut-brain Psychology Laboratory, Beijing, China,Feng Jin,
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23
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Riazati N, Kable ME, Newman JW, Adkins Y, Freytag T, Jiang X, Stephensen CB. Associations of microbial and indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase-derived tryptophan metabolites with immune activation in healthy adults. Front Immunol 2022; 13:917966. [PMID: 36248784 PMCID: PMC9558171 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.917966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tryptophan (Trp) metabolites from intestinal bacteria (indole, indole acetic acid [IAA] and indole propionic acid [IPA]), and the Trp metabolite kynurenine (Kyn) from the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) pathway, are aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonists and thus, can regulate immune activity via the AhR pathway. We hypothesized that plasma concentrations of these metabolites would be associated with markers of immune activation in a cohort of healthy adults in a manner consistent with AhR-mediated immune-regulation. We also hypothesized that the plasma Kyn/Trp ratio, a marker of IDO activity, would be associated with immune markers reflecting IDO activation in innate immune cells. Finally, we hypothesized that some intestinal bacteria would be associated with plasma indole, IPA and IAA, and that these bacteria themselves would be associated with immune markers. Methods A novel set of 88 immune markers, and plasma Trp metabolites, were measured in 362 healthy adults. Bacterial taxa from stool were identified by 16S rRNA gene analysis. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify significant associations with immune markers. Results The sum of indole and IAA was positively associated with natural killer T-cells levels. Kyn and Kyn/Trp were positively associated with neopterin and IP-10, markers of type 1 immunity, and TNF-α and C-reactive protein (CRP), markers of the acute phase response, and the regulatory cytokine IL-10. Three bacteria negatively associated with Trp metabolites were associated with markers of immune activation: the family Lachnospiraceae with higher lymphocyte counts but lower level of activated CD4 T-cells, the genus Dorea with higher production of IFN-γ by T-cells in PBMC cultures, and the genus Ruminococcus with higher production IL-6 in PBMC cultures stimulated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Conclusions In this cohort of healthy adults bacterial Trp metabolites were not strongly associated with immune markers. Conversely, the Kyn/Trp ratio was strongly associated with markers of systemic inflammation and the acute phase response, consistent with IDO activation in innate immune cells. Finally, commensal bacteria associated with lower plasma (and perhaps intestinal) levels of bacterial Trp metabolites were associated with greater immune activation, possibly reflecting decreased regulatory immune activity related to lower intestinal levels of bacterial indole metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niknaz Riazati
- Graduate group of Molecular, Cellular, and Integrative Physiology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Mary E. Kable
- USDA Western Human Nutrition Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States,Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - John W. Newman
- USDA Western Human Nutrition Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States,Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States,West Coast Metabolomics Center, Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Yuriko Adkins
- USDA Western Human Nutrition Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Tammy Freytag
- USDA Western Human Nutrition Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Xiaowen Jiang
- USDA Western Human Nutrition Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Charles B. Stephensen
- USDA Western Human Nutrition Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States,Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States,*Correspondence: Charles B. Stephensen,
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24
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Cannon AS, Nagarkatti PS, Nagarkatti M. Targeting AhR as a Novel Therapeutic Modality against Inflammatory Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:288. [PMID: 35008717 PMCID: PMC8745713 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, activation of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) was excluded from consideration as a therapeutic approach due to the potential toxic effects of AhR ligands and the induction of the cytochrome P450 enzyme, Cyp1a1, following AhR activation. However, it is now understood that AhR activation not only serves as an environmental sensor that regulates the effects of environmental toxins, but also as a key immunomodulator where ligands induce a variety of cellular and epigenetic mechanisms to attenuate inflammation. Thus, the emergence of further in-depth research into diverse groups of compounds capable of activating this receptor has prompted reconsideration of its use therapeutically. The aim of this review is to summarize the body of research surrounding AhR and its role in regulating inflammation. Specifically, evidence supporting the potential of targeting this receptor to modulate the immune response in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases will be highlighted. Additionally, the opportunities and challenges of developing AhR-based therapies to suppress inflammation will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mitzi Nagarkatti
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29209, USA; (A.S.C.); (P.S.N.)
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25
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Chapkin RS, Davidson LA, Park H, Jin UH, Fan YY, Cheng Y, Hensel ME, Landrock KK, Allred C, Menon R, Klemashevich C, Jayaraman A, Safe S. Role of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) in Mediating the Effects of Coffee in the Colon. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2100539. [PMID: 34406707 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE This study investigates the mechanism of action and functional effects of coffee extracts in colonic cells, on intestinal stem cell growth, and inhibition of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced intestinal barrier damage in mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Aqueous coffee extracts induced Ah receptor (AhR) -responsive CYP1A1, CYP1B1, and UGT1A1 gene expression in colon-derived Caco2 and YAMC cells. Tissue-specific AhR knockout (AhRf/f x Lgr5-GFP-CreERT2 x Villin-Cre), wild-type (Lgr5-CreERT2 x Villin-Cre) mice are sources of stem cell enriched organoids and both coffee extracts and norharman, an AhR-active component of these extracts inhibited stem cell growth. Coffee extracts also inhibit DSS-induced damage to intestinal barrier function and DSS-induced mucosal inflammatory genes such as IL-6 and TGF-β1 in wild-type (AhR+/+ ) but not AhR-/- mice. In contrast, coffee does not exhibit protective effects in intestinal-specific AhR knockout mice. Coffee extracts also enhanced overall formation of AhR-active microbial metabolites. CONCLUSIONS In colon-derived cells and in the mouse intestine, coffee induced several AhR-dependent responses including gene expression, inhibition of intestinal stem cell-enriched organoid growth, and inhibition of DSS-induced intestinal barrier damage. We conclude that the anti-inflammatory effects of coffee in the intestine are due, in part, to activation of AhR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Chapkin
- Departments of Nutrition and Biochemistry & Biophysics Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Laurie A Davidson
- Departments of Nutrition and Biochemistry & Biophysics Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Hyejin Park
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Un-Ho Jin
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Yang-Yi Fan
- Departments of Nutrition and Biochemistry & Biophysics Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Yating Cheng
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Martha E Hensel
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Kerstin K Landrock
- Departments of Nutrition and Biochemistry & Biophysics Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Clinton Allred
- Departments of Nutrition and Biochemistry & Biophysics Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Rani Menon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Cory Klemashevich
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Arul Jayaraman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Stephen Safe
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
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