1
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Harvey SM, Olshansky JH, Li A, Panuganti S, Kanatzidis MG, Hupp JT, Wasielewski MR, Schaller RD. Ligand Desorption and Fragmentation in Oleate-Capped CdSe Nanocrystals under High-Intensity Photoexcitation. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:3732-3741. [PMID: 38301030 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) offer prospective use as active optical elements in photovoltaics, light-emitting diodes, lasers, and photocatalysts due to their tunable optical absorption and emission properties, high stability, and scalable solution processing, as well as compatibility with additive manufacturing routes. Over the course of experiments, during device fabrication, or while in use commercially, these materials are often subjected to intense or prolonged electronic excitation and high carrier densities. The influence of such conditions on ligand integrity and binding remains underexplored. Here, we expose CdSe NCs to laser excitation and monitor changes in oleate that is covalently attached to the NC surface using nuclear magnetic resonance as a function of time and laser intensity. Higher photon doses cause increased rates of ligand loss from the particles, with upward of 50% total ligand desorption measured for the longest, most intense excitation. Surprisingly, for a range of excitation intensities, fragmentation of the oleate is detected and occurs concomitantly with formation of aldehydes, terminal alkenes, H2, and water. After illumination, NC size, shape, and bandgap remain constant although low-energy absorption features (Urbach tails) develop in some samples, indicating formation of substantial trap states. The observed reaction chemistry, which here occurs with low photon to chemical conversion efficiency, suggests that ligand reactivity may require examination for improved NC dispersion stability but can also be manipulated to yield desired photocatalytically accessed chemical species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M Harvey
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Paula M. Trienens Institute for Sustainability and Energy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Jacob H Olshansky
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Paula M. Trienens Institute for Sustainability and Energy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Alice Li
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Shobhana Panuganti
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Mercouri G Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Paula M. Trienens Institute for Sustainability and Energy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Joseph T Hupp
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Paula M. Trienens Institute for Sustainability and Energy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael R Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Paula M. Trienens Institute for Sustainability and Energy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Richard D Schaller
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- International Institute for Nanotechnology, Paula M. Trienens Institute for Sustainability and Energy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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2
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Ibrahim M, Camarero P, Ming L, Haouari M, Amamou N, Haro-González P, Hassen F. Wet chemical synthesis of TGA capped Ag 2S nanoparticles and their use for fluorescence imaging and temperature sensing in living cells. RSC Adv 2023; 13:35065-35077. [PMID: 38046628 PMCID: PMC10691408 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06705j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we describe a simple wet chemical route for preparing silver sulfide nanoparticles (Ag2S) encapsulated with thioglycolic acid (TGA). By using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray (EDS) microanalysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS), we have found that these nanoparticles were enrobed by TGA molecules and they have an Ag/S ratio nearly equal to 2.2 and a nearly spherical shape with two average size populations. Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy has shown that these nanoparticles are highly luminescent, photostable and photobleaching resistant and they emit in the first biologic window with a band peaking in the NIR region at 915 nm. We have demonstrated through a 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay protocol and using U-87 MG human living cells that these nanoparticles are biocompatible with a viability ratio higher than 80% for a concentration equal to 100 μg mL-1. By investigating the effect of pH, ionic strength and thermal quenching on the PL emission, we have shown that these nanoparticles provide a convenient stable tool to measure temperature in the biological range with a relative thermal sensitivity higher than 5% per °C and they may be used as suitable fluorescent probes for living cell imaging and intracellular temperature mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayssa Ibrahim
- Laboratoire d'Interfaces et de Matériaux Avancés (LIMA), Faculté des Sciences, Université de Monastir Tunisia
| | - P Camarero
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group, Instituto de Materiales Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid 2804 Spain
| | - Liyan Ming
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group, Instituto de Materiales Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid 2804 Spain
| | - Mohamed Haouari
- Laboratoire d'Interfaces et de Matériaux Avancés (LIMA), Faculté des Sciences, Université de Monastir Tunisia
| | - Noura Amamou
- Laboratoire d'Interfaces et de Matériaux Avancés (LIMA), Faculté des Sciences, Université de Monastir Tunisia
| | - P Haro-González
- Nanomaterials for Bioimaging Group, Instituto de Materiales Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid 2804 Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid 28049 Spain
| | - Fredj Hassen
- Laboratoires de Physique des Semi-conducteurs et des Composantes Electroniques (LPSCE), Université de Monastir Tunisia
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3
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Zhang W, Kong J, Li Y, Kuang Z, Wang H, Zhou M. Coherent vibrational dynamics of Au 144(SR) 60 nanoclusters. Chem Sci 2022; 13:8124-8130. [PMID: 35919416 PMCID: PMC9278113 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02246j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The coherent vibrational dynamics of gold nanoclusters (NCs) provides important information on the coupling between vibrations and electrons as well as their mechanical properties, which is critical for understanding the evolution from a metallic state to a molecular state with diminishing size. Coherent vibrations have been widely explored in small-sized atomically precise gold NCs, while it remains a challenge to observe them in large-sized gold NCs. In this work, we report the coherent vibrational dynamics of atomically precise Au144(SR)60 NCs via temperature-dependent femtosecond transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy. The population dynamics of Au144(SR)60 consists of three relaxation processes: internal conversion, core-shell charge transfer and relaxation to the ground state. After removing the population dynamics from the TA kinetics, fast Fourier transform analysis on the residual oscillation reveals distinct vibrational modes at 1.5 THz (50 cm-1) and 2 THz (67 cm-1), which arise from the wavepacket motions along the ground-state and excited-state potential energy surfaces (PES), respectively. These results are helpful for understanding the physical properties of gold nanostructures with a threshold size that lies in between those of molecular-like NCs and metallic-state nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Jie Kong
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
| | - Yingwei Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University 12 Oxford Street Cambridge Massachusetts 02138 USA
| | - Zhuoran Kuang
- School of Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT) Beijing 100876 P. R. China
| | - He Wang
- Department of Physics, University of Miami Coral Gables Florida 33146 USA
| | - Meng Zhou
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 China
- Department of Physics, University of Miami Coral Gables Florida 33146 USA
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4
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Kim DH, Cha JH, Shim G, Kim YH, Jang JS, Shin H, Ahn J, Choi SY, Kim ID. Flash-thermochemical engineering of phase and surface activity on metal oxides. Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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5
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Caillas A, Suffit S, Filloux P, Lhuillier E, Degiron A. Identification of Two Regimes of Carrier Thermalization in PbS Nanocrystal Assemblies. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:5123-5131. [PMID: 34029086 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We bring fresh insight into the ensemble properties of PbS colloidal quantum dots with a critical review of the literature on semiconductors followed by systematic comparisons between steady-state photocurrent and photoluminescence measurements. Our experiments, performed with sufficiently low powers to neglect nonlinear effects, indicate that the photoluminescence spectra have no other noticeable contribution beside the radiative recombination of thermalized photocarriers (i.e., photocarriers in thermodynamic quasi-equilibrium). A phenomenological model based on the local Kirchhoff law is proposed that makes it possible to identify the nature of the thermalized photocarriers and to extract their temperatures from the measurements. Two regimes are observed: For highly compact assemblies of PbS quantum dots stripped from organic ligands, the thermalization concerns photocarriers distributed over a wide energy range. With PbS quantum dots cross-linked with 1,2-ethanedithiol or longer organic ligand chains, the thermalization concerns solely the fundamental exciton and can quantitatively explain all the observations, including the precise Stokes shift between the absorbance and luminescence maxima.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augustin Caillas
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, F-75205 Paris, France
| | - Stéphan Suffit
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, F-75205 Paris, France
| | - Pascal Filloux
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, F-75205 Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Lhuillier
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Aloyse Degiron
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, F-75205 Paris, France
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6
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Zhou M, Jin R. Optical Properties and Excited-State Dynamics of Atomically Precise Gold Nanoclusters. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2021; 72:121-142. [PMID: 33297734 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physchem-090419-104921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the excited-state dynamics of nanomaterials is essential to their applications in photoenergy storage and conversion. This review summarizes recent progress in the excited-state dynamics of atomically precise gold (Au) nanoclusters (NCs). We first discuss the electronic structure and typical relaxation pathways of Au NCs from subpicoseconds to microseconds. Unlike plasmonic Au nanoparticles, in which collective electron excitation dominates, Au NCs show single-electron transitions and molecule-like exciton dynamics. The size-, shape-, structure-, and composition-dependent dynamics in Au NCs are further discussed in detail. For small-sized Au NCs, strong quantum confinement effects give rise to relaxation dynamics that is significantly dependent on atomic packing, shape, and heteroatom doping. For relatively larger-sized Au NCs, strong size dependence can be observed in exciton and electron dynamics. We also discuss the origin of coherent oscillations and their roles in excited-state relaxation. Finally, we provide our perspective on future directions in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA;
| | - Rongchao Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA;
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7
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Harvey SM, Houck DW, Kirschner MS, Flanders NC, Brumberg A, Leonard AA, Watkins NE, Chen LX, Dichtel WR, Zhang X, Korgel BA, Wasielewski MR, Schaller RD. Transient Lattice Response upon Photoexcitation in CuInSe 2 Nanocrystals with Organic or Inorganic Surface Passivation. ACS NANO 2020; 14:13548-13556. [PMID: 32915540 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c05553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
CuInSe2 nanocrystals offer promise for optoelectronics including thin-film photovoltaics and printed electronics. Additive manufacturing methods such as photonic curing controllably sinter particles into quasi-continuous films and offer improved device performance. To gain understanding of nanocrystal response under such processing conditions, we investigate impacts of photoexcitation on colloidal nanocrystal lattices via time-resolved X-ray diffraction. We probe three sizes of particles and two capping ligands (oleylamine and inorganic S2-) to evaluate resultant crystal lattice temperature, phase stability, and thermal dissipation. Elevated fluences produce heating and loss of crystallinity, the onset of which exhibits particle size dependence. We find size-dependent recrystallization and cooling lifetimes ranging from 90 to 200 ps with additional slower cooling on the nanosecond time scale. Sulfide-capped nanocrystals show faster recrystallization and cooling compared to oleylamine-capped nanocrystals. Using these lifetimes, we find interfacial thermal conductivities from 3 to 28 MW/(m2 K), demonstrating that ligand identity strongly influences thermal dissipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M Harvey
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Daniel W Houck
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Matthew S Kirschner
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Nathan C Flanders
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Alexandra Brumberg
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Ariel A Leonard
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Chemical Science and Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Nicolas E Watkins
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Lin X Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Chemical Science and Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - William R Dichtel
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Brian A Korgel
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Michael R Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Richard D Schaller
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Institute for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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8
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Guzelturk B, Utterback JK, Coropceanu I, Kamysbayev V, Janke EM, Zajac M, Yazdani N, Cotts BL, Park S, Sood A, Lin MF, Reid AH, Kozina ME, Shen X, Weathersby SP, Wood V, Salleo A, Wang X, Talapin DV, Ginsberg NS, Lindenberg AM. Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics of Colloidal Gold Nanocrystals Monitored by Ultrafast Electron Diffraction and Optical Scattering Microscopy. ACS NANO 2020; 14:4792-4804. [PMID: 32208676 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c00673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Metal nanocrystals exhibit important optoelectronic and photocatalytic functionalities in response to light. These dynamic energy conversion processes have been commonly studied by transient optical probes to date, but an understanding of the atomistic response following photoexcitation has remained elusive. Here, we use femtosecond resolution electron diffraction to investigate transient lattice responses in optically excited colloidal gold nanocrystals, revealing the effects of nanocrystal size and surface ligands on the electron-phonon coupling and thermal relaxation dynamics. First, we uncover a strong size effect on the electron-phonon coupling, which arises from reduced dielectric screening at the nanocrystal surfaces and prevails independent of the optical excitation mechanism (i.e., inter- and intraband). Second, we find that surface ligands act as a tuning parameter for hot carrier cooling. Particularly, gold nanocrystals with thiol-based ligands show significantly slower carrier cooling as compared to amine-based ligands under intraband optical excitation due to electronic coupling at the nanocrystal/ligand interfaces. Finally, we spatiotemporally resolve thermal transport and heat dissipation in photoexcited nanocrystal films by combining electron diffraction with stroboscopic elastic scattering microscopy. Taken together, we resolve the distinct thermal relaxation time scales ranging from 1 ps to 100 ns associated with the multiple interfaces through which heat flows at the nanoscale. Our findings provide insights into optimization of gold nanocrystals and their thin films for photocatalysis and thermoelectric applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Guzelturk
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025 United States
| | - James K Utterback
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Igor Coropceanu
- Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Vladislav Kamysbayev
- Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Eric M Janke
- Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Marc Zajac
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Nuri Yazdani
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025 United States
- Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin L Cotts
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Suji Park
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025 United States
| | - Aditya Sood
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025 United States
| | - Ming-Fu Lin
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Alexander H Reid
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Michael E Kozina
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Xiaozhe Shen
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Stephen P Weathersby
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Vanessa Wood
- Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alberto Salleo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Xijie Wang
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Dmitri V Talapin
- Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Naomi S Ginsberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Aaron M Lindenberg
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025 United States
- The PULSE Institute for Ultrafast Energy Science, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
- Department of Photon Science, Stanford University and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
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