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Xu M, Yang H, Yang Q, Teng P, Hao H, Liu C, Yu S, Liu G. Radiomics nomogram based on digital breast tomosynthesis: preoperative evaluation of axillary lymph node metastasis in breast carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023:10.1007/s00432-023-04859-z. [PMID: 37208454 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04859-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to establish a radiomics nomogram model based on digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) images, to predict the status of axillary lymph nodes (ALN) in patients with breast carcinoma. METHODS The data of 120 patients with confirmed breast carcinoma, including 49 cases with axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM), were retrospectively analyzed in this study. The dataset was randomly divided into a training group consisting of 84 patients (37 with ALNM) and a validation group comprising 36 patients (12 with ALNM). Clinical information was collected for all cases, and radiomics features were extracted from DBT images. Feature selection was performed to develop the Radscore model. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were employed to identify independent risk factors for constructing both the clinical model and nomogram model. To evaluate the performance of these models, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, calibration curve, decision curve analysis (DCA), net reclassification improvement (NRI), and integrated discriminatory improvement (IDI) were conducted. RESULTS The clinical model identified tumor margin and DBT_reported_LNM as independent risk factors, while the Radscore model was constructed using 9 selected radiomics features. Incorporating tumor margin, DBT_reported_LNM, and Radscore, the radiomics nomogram model exhibited superior performance with AUC values of 0.933 and 0.920 in both datasets, respectively. The NRI and IDI showed a significant improvement, suggesting that the Radscore may serve as a useful biomarker for predicting ALN status. CONCLUSION The radiomics nomogram based on DBT demonstrated effective preoperative prediction performance for ALNM in patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maolin Xu
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Huimin Yang
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, No.71 Xinmin Street, Changchun, 130012, China.
| | - Peihong Teng
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Haifeng Hao
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Shaonan Yu
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, China.
| | - Guifeng Liu
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, China.
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El Khoury M, Maietta A, Tran A, Trop I, Lalonde L, Mesurolle B. Case 285: Primary Breast Lymphoma. Radiology 2021; 298:231-236. [PMID: 33347397 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2020191329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
History A 25-year-old woman was referred to our breast clinic for assessment of a palpable mass in her left breast that developed quickly in 2 weeks. She denied any associated fever, chills, redness, or pain. She had no relevant medical or surgical history; no evidence of recent pregnancy, abortion, or breastfeeding; and no family history of breast cancer. Clinical examination enabled confirmation of a firm mass occupying the retroareolar region and the outer quadrant of the left breast with no skin retraction, edema, or erythema. There was no evidence of enlarged axillary lymph nodes. US of the left breast, bilateral breast MRI, and fluorine 18 (18F) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT were performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona El Khoury
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.E.K., I.T., L.L.), Pathology (A.M.), and Nuclear Medicine (A.T.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montréal (CHUM), 1051 Rue Sanguinet, Montréal, QC, Canada H2X 3H4; and Department of Radiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada (B.M.)
| | - Antonio Maietta
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.E.K., I.T., L.L.), Pathology (A.M.), and Nuclear Medicine (A.T.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montréal (CHUM), 1051 Rue Sanguinet, Montréal, QC, Canada H2X 3H4; and Department of Radiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada (B.M.)
| | - Alphonse Tran
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.E.K., I.T., L.L.), Pathology (A.M.), and Nuclear Medicine (A.T.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montréal (CHUM), 1051 Rue Sanguinet, Montréal, QC, Canada H2X 3H4; and Department of Radiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada (B.M.)
| | - Isabelle Trop
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.E.K., I.T., L.L.), Pathology (A.M.), and Nuclear Medicine (A.T.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montréal (CHUM), 1051 Rue Sanguinet, Montréal, QC, Canada H2X 3H4; and Department of Radiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada (B.M.)
| | - Lucie Lalonde
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.E.K., I.T., L.L.), Pathology (A.M.), and Nuclear Medicine (A.T.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montréal (CHUM), 1051 Rue Sanguinet, Montréal, QC, Canada H2X 3H4; and Department of Radiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada (B.M.)
| | - Benoît Mesurolle
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.E.K., I.T., L.L.), Pathology (A.M.), and Nuclear Medicine (A.T.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montréal (CHUM), 1051 Rue Sanguinet, Montréal, QC, Canada H2X 3H4; and Department of Radiology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada (B.M.)
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Amiri A, Hastert F, Stühn L, Dietz C. Structural analysis of healthy and cancerous epithelial-type breast cells by nanomechanical spectroscopy allows us to obtain peculiarities of the skeleton and junctions. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:4853-4862. [PMID: 36133137 PMCID: PMC9418382 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00021f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The transition of healthy epithelial cells to carcinoma is associated with an alteration in the structure and organization of the cytoskeleton of the cells. A comparison of the mechanical properties of cancerous and healthy cells indicated a higher deformability of the cancer cells based on averaging the mechanical properties of single cells. However, the exact reason for softening of the cancerous cells compared to their counterparts remains unclear. Here, we focused on nanomechanical spectroscopy of healthy and cancerous ductal epithelial-type breast cells by means of atomic force microscopy with high lateral and depth precision. As a result, based on atomic force microscopy measurements formation of significantly fewer microtubules in cancerous cells which was observed in our study is most likely one of the main causes for the overall change in mechanical properties without any phenotypic shift. Strikingly, in a confluent layer of invasive ductal carcinoma cells, we observed the formation of cell-cell junctions that have the potential for signal transduction among neighboring cells such as desmosomes and adherens junctions. This increases the possibility of cancerous cell collaboration in malignancy, infiltration or metastasis phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahid Amiri
- Physics of Surfaces, Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss-Str. 2 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Florian Hastert
- Cell Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Lukas Stühn
- Physics of Surfaces, Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss-Str. 2 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Christian Dietz
- Physics of Surfaces, Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss-Str. 2 64287 Darmstadt Germany
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Polak KL, Chernosky NM, Smigiel JM, Tamagno I, Jackson MW. Balancing STAT Activity as a Therapeutic Strategy. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11111716. [PMID: 31684144 PMCID: PMC6895889 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Driven by dysregulated IL-6 family member cytokine signaling in the tumor microenvironment (TME), aberrant signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT3) and (STAT5) activation have been identified as key contributors to tumorigenesis. Following transformation, persistent STAT3 activation drives the emergence of mesenchymal/cancer-stem cell (CSC) properties, important determinants of metastatic potential and therapy failure. Moreover, STAT3 signaling within tumor-associated macrophages and neutrophils drives secretion of factors that facilitate metastasis and suppress immune cell function. Persistent STAT5 activation is responsible for cancer cell maintenance through suppression of apoptosis and tumor suppressor signaling. Furthermore, STAT5-mediated CD4+/CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) have been implicated in suppression of immunosurveillance. We discuss these roles for STAT3 and STAT5, and weigh the attractiveness of different modes of targeting each cancer therapy. Moreover, we discuss how anti-tumorigenic STATs, including STAT1 and STAT2, may be leveraged to suppress the pro-tumorigenic functions of STAT3/STAT5 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey L Polak
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Noah M Chernosky
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Jacob M Smigiel
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Ilaria Tamagno
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Mark W Jackson
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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Cong Y, Wang S, Zou H, Zhu S, Wang X, Cao J, Wang J, Liu Y, Qiao G. Imaging Predictors for Nonsentinel Lymph Node Metastases in Breast Cancer Patients. Breast Care (Basel) 2019; 15:372-379. [PMID: 32982647 DOI: 10.1159/000501955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The relationship between imaging features and nonsentinel lymph node (NSLN) metastasis is not clear. Objectives To determine whether imaging features could predict NSLN metastasis in sentinel lymph node (SLN)-positive breast cancer patients and to provide new clues for avoiding unnecessary axillary lymph node dissection. Method 171 patients with clinically negative axillary lymph nodes and a pathologically positive SLN were recruited between January 2007 and January 2014. According to the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS), the effects of clinicopathological factors, especially imaging features, on NSLN metastases were assessed by univariate and multivariate statistical analyses. Results The average number of dissected SLNs was 2.11 (range, 1-6); 56 of the 171 (32.75%) patients exhibited NSLN metastases. In univariate analysis, tumor size, number of positive SLNs, ratio of positive SLNs, mammographic mass margins, ultrasonographic mass margins, and ultrasonographic vascularity were significantly correlated with NSLN involvement. Furthermore, through multivariate analysis, tumor size, number of positive SLNs, mammographic mass margins, and ultrasonographic vascularity were still independent predictors of NSLN involvement. Additionally, in SLN-positive patients, number of positive SLNs and ultrasonographic vascularity could also predict the tumor burden in NSLN. Conclusions In addition to tumor size and the number of positive SLNs, mammographic mass margins and ultrasonographic vascularity were also independent predictors of NSLN metastases in SLN-positive patients of breast cancer. The number of positive SLNs and ultrasonographic vascularity could also predict the tumor burden in NSLN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizi Cong
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Suxia Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Haidong Zou
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Shiguang Zhu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Xingmiao Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Jianqiao Cao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Ji Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Yanqing Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Guangdong Qiao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
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Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease, observed traditionally by morphology and protein expression but, more recently with the advent of modern molecular technologies, at the genomic and transcriptomic level. This review describes the association between the different molecular subtypes with the histologic subtypes of breast cancer alongside some of their major genomic characteristics and illustrates how these subtypes may affect the appearance of tumors on imaging studies. The authors aim to show how molecular stratification can be used to augment traditional methods to improve our understanding of breast cancers and their clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Provenzano
- Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (ECMR), NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; Department of Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Box 235, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Gary A Ulaner
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, Box 77, New York, NY 10065, USA; Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical School, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Suet-Feung Chin
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK.
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Doherty MR, Smigiel JM, Junk DJ, Jackson MW. Cancer Stem Cell Plasticity Drives Therapeutic Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2016; 8:cancers8010008. [PMID: 26742077 PMCID: PMC4728455 DOI: 10.3390/cancers8010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The connection between epithelial-mesenchymal (E-M) plasticity and cancer stem cell (CSC) properties has been paradigm-shifting, linking tumor cell invasion and metastasis with therapeutic recurrence. However, despite their importance, the molecular pathways involved in generating invasive, metastatic, and therapy-resistant CSCs remain poorly understood. The enrichment of cells with a mesenchymal/CSC phenotype following therapy has been interpreted in two different ways. The original interpretation posited that therapy kills non-CSCs while sparing pre-existing CSCs. However, evidence is emerging that suggests non-CSCs can be induced into a transient, drug-tolerant, CSC-like state by chemotherapy. The ability to transition between distinct cell states may be as critical for the survival of tumor cells following therapy as it is for metastatic progression. Therefore, inhibition of the pathways that promote E-M and CSC plasticity may suppress tumor recurrence following chemotherapy. Here, we review the emerging appreciation for how plasticity confers therapeutic resistance and tumor recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary R Doherty
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 2103 Cornell Road, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Jacob M Smigiel
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 2103 Cornell Road, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Damian J Junk
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 2103 Cornell Road, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Mark W Jackson
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 2103 Cornell Road, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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Zhao Z, Sun YS, Chen W, Lv LX, Li YQ. Hispolon inhibits breast cancer cell migration by reversal of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via suppressing the ROS/ERK/Slug/E-cadherin pathway. Oncol Rep 2015; 35:896-904. [PMID: 26718128 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hispolon has been shown to have anticancer effects on various tumors. However, whether hispolon exerts anti-migration activity in breast cancer cells and the underlying mechanisms, have not been elucidated yet. In the present study, our data demonstrated that hispolon inhibited TPA-induced breast cancer MCF-7 cell migration at sub-toxic concentrations in vitro. Hispolon decreased the level of cellular ROS significantly and repressed TPA-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), accompanied by upregulation of E-cadherin and downregulation of the transcriptional repressor Slug. Furthermore, N-acetyl-cysteine, an antioxidant agent, markedly suppressed TPA-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, cell migration and activation of ERK. Taken together, our results indicated that hispolon suppressed the migration of breast cancer cells via suppressing the ROS/ERK/Slug/E‑cadherin pathway. Hispolon may be developed as a potential antimetastasis agent to breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Zhao
- Centre of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Sheng Sun
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Long-Xian Lv
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Quan Li
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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Kim JY, Jung EJ, Park T, Jeong SH, Jeong CY, Ju YT, Lee YJ, Hong SC, Ha WS, Choi SK. Prognostic importance of ultrasound BI-RADS classification in breast cancer patients. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2015; 45:411-5. [PMID: 25670765 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyv018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated the prognostic importance of pre-operative Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System classification in ultrasound imaging. METHODS Histopathological differences and disease-free survival were analyzed in Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System classification subgroups. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify the prognostic factors. RESULTS We identified 531 invasive breast cancer patients eligible for this study. Most patients classified as Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System 5 had large tumors and a higher rate of lymph node metastasis. However, hormonal receptor or HER-2 status did not differ according to Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System classification. During a median post-operative follow-up of 42.0 months, 43 patients were diagnosed with a disease-specific event. Disease-free survival was significantly lower in patients with Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System 5 than in patients with Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System 3-4. Subgroup analysis of patients with invasive breast cancer of Stage I showed that Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System 5 was an independent negative prognostic indicator of disease-free survival (hazard ratio 9.195; 95% confidence interval, 1.175-71.955; P = 0.035). CONCLUSIONS Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System classification might be considered as prognostic factors especially in Stage I breast cancer. Further confirmatory studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Yeon Kim
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jin-ju, South Korea
| | - Eun Jung Jung
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jin-ju, South Korea
| | - Taejin Park
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jin-ju, South Korea
| | - Sang-Ho Jeong
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jin-ju, South Korea
| | - Chi-Young Jeong
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jin-ju, South Korea
| | - Young-Tae Ju
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jin-ju, South Korea
| | - Young-Joon Lee
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jin-ju, South Korea
| | - Soon-Chan Hong
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jin-ju, South Korea
| | - Woo-Song Ha
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jin-ju, South Korea
| | - Sang-Kyung Choi
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jin-ju, South Korea
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Tamaki K, Ishida T, Miyashita M, Amari M, Ohuchi N, Tamaki N, Sasano H. Correlation between mammographic findings and corresponding histopathology: Potential predictors for biological characteristics of breast diseases. Cancer Sci 2011; 102:2179-85. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2011.02088.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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11
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Liu H, Tan H, Cheng Y, Zhang X, Gu Y, Peng W. Imaging findings in mucinous breast carcinoma and correlating factors. Eur J Radiol 2010; 80:706-12. [PMID: 20615642 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2010.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2010] [Revised: 06/05/2010] [Accepted: 06/09/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the factors influencing mammographic and sonographic features of mucinous breast carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-six patients diagnosed as mucinous breast carcinoma between March 2005 and April 2009 were studied. Mammographies of all patients and sonographies of 41 patients were analyzed retrospectively. Microscopic slides were re-evaluated by a pathologist in order to estimate the volume of extracellular mucus which was classified as: (+), less than 50% of mucus; (++), 50-80% of mucus; and (+++), more than 80% of mucus. RESULTS Thirty-one (61.3%) cases of pure mucinous type and 2 (33.3%) of mixed mucinous carcinoma presented as masses had well-defined margins on mammography. No correlation was found between margin characteristics and histological type as well as extracellular mucus rates. Denser breasts and young age group had significantly higher ratios of tumors presented with ill-defined masses than its counterpart. Sonographically, 100% lesions showed a hypoechoic lesion, 76.5% lesions in pure type and 71.4% lesions in mixed type showed a heterogeneous internal echo. No correlation was found between sonographic findings and histological type as well as extracellular mucus rates. Lesions with >40 positivity PCNA had higher ratio presented as ill-defined margins than those of ≤40% positivity PCNA. CONCLUSIONS The most common appearance of mucinous breast carcinoma is a mass on mammography and a hypoechoic lesion with heterogeneous internal echo on sonography. Mammographic margins and sonographic findings have no relation with histological type and extracellular mucus rate. Mammographic margin features are correlated with breast density and age and PCNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiquan Liu
- Department of Radiology, Cancer Hospital, and Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China.
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The E-cadherin repressor slug and progression of human extrahepatic hilar cholangiocarcinoma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2010; 29:88. [PMID: 20594328 PMCID: PMC2905342 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-29-88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2010] [Accepted: 07/01/2010] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study explored the expression and function of Slug in human extrahepatic hilar cholangiocarcinoma (EHC) to identify its role in tumor progression. METHODS The expression of Snail and Slug mRNA in 52 human tissue samples of EHC was investigated. The mRNA of Snail and Slug were quantified using reverse transcriptase-PCR, and correlations with E-cadherin expression and clinicopathological factors were investigated. We then investigated transfection of Slug cDNA in endogenous E-cadherin-positive human EHC FRH0201 cells, selectively induced the loss of E-cadherin protein expression, and then small interfering RNA (siRNA) for inhibition of Slug expression in endogenous Slug-positive human EHC QBC939 cells, selectively induced the loss of Slug protein expression. A Boyden chamber transwell assay was used for invasion. RESULTS Slug mRNA was overexpressed in 18 cases (34.6%) of EHC compared with adjacent noncancerous tissue. E-Cadherin protein expression determined in the same 52 cases by immunohistochemistry was significantly down-regulated in those cases with Slug mRNA overexpression (P = 0.0001). The tumor and nontumor ratio of Slug mRNA was correlated with nodal metastasis(p = 0.0102), distant metastasis (p = 0.0001)and Survival time(p = 0.0443). However, Snail mRNA correlated with neither E-cadherin expression nor tumor invasiveness. By inhibiting Slug expression by RNA interference, we found that reduced Slug levels upregulated E-cadherin and decreased invasion in QBC939 cell. When the QBC939 cells was infected with Slug cDNA,, significant E-cadherin was downregulated and increased invasion in QBC939 cell. CONCLUSIONS The results suggested that Slug expression plays an important role in both the regulation of E-cadherin expression and in the acquisition of invasive potential in human EHC. Slug is possibly a potential target for an antitumor therapy blocking the functions of invasion and metastasis in human EHCs.
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