1
|
Queiroz MP, da Silva Lima M, de Melo MFFT, Queiroga RDCRDE, Bessa RJB, Alves SPA, Barbosa Soares JK. Maternal consumption of conjugated linoleic acid improves tolerance to glucose and hdl-cholesterol in the rat progeny. Food Funct 2021; 11:9075-9085. [PMID: 33026015 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo00410c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Our study evaluates the impacts of maternal consumption of different levels of CLA during pregnancy and lactation on physical and metabolic changes in the rat progeny. Three groups were formed: control (CG) - diet without CLA; CLA1 - diet containing 1% CLA; and CLA3 - diet containing 3% CLA. Murinometry, body fat collection, biochemical analysis, glycemic curves, liver fat amount, and fatty acid profiles of the liver were studied. The data were analyzed by ANOVA, followed by the Tukey test (p < 0.05). The CLA3 group presented highest body weight, feed intake and BMI (p < 0.05). The retroperitoneal fat, epididymal fat, and body fat index were higher in the CLA1 and CLA3 groups (p < 0.05) but no difference was observed for mesenteric fat. Yet in contrast, the experimental groups presented lower abdominal circumference and glycemic curves when compared to the CG (p < 0.05). CLA1 and CLA3 groups presented higher values of total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol (p < 0.05), yet no difference was found in serum triglycerides or LDL. The CLA3 group presented less n-3, n-6, total PUFA, and arachidonic acid in liver fat (p < 0.05). The CLA1 and CLA3 groups were higher in total MUFA in the liver fat. In conclusion, CLA when consumed during gestation and lactation increased: tolerance to glucose, HDL, and the body fat index in the offspring. Only the CLA3 group presented reduced total PUFA, n-3, n-6 and arachidonic acid in the offspring's liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelly Pires Queiroz
- Program of Food Science and Tecnology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
| | - Martiniano da Silva Lima
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Campina Grande, Cuité, CG, Brazil
| | | | - Rita de Cássia Ramos do Egypto Queiroga
- Program of Food Science and Tecnology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil. and Laboratory of Bromatology, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Rui José Branquinho Bessa
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Susana Paula Almeida Alves
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Juliana Késsia Barbosa Soares
- Program of Food Science and Tecnology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil. and Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Campina Grande, Cuité, CG, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang N, Kang HS, Ahmmed G, Khan SA, Makarenko VV, Prabhakar NR, Nanduri J. Calpain activation by ROS mediates human ether-a-go-go-related gene protein degradation by intermittent hypoxia. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2016; 310:C329-36. [PMID: 26659724 PMCID: PMC4865081 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00231.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) channels conduct delayed rectifier K(+) current. However, little information is available on physiological situations affecting hERG channel protein and function. In the present study we examined the effects of intermittent hypoxia (IH), which is a hallmark manifestation of sleep apnea, on hERG channel protein and function. Experiments were performed on SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, which express hERG protein. Cells were exposed to IH consisting of alternating cycles of 30 s of hypoxia (1.5% O2) and 5 min of 20% O2. IH decreased hERG protein expression in a stimulus-dependent manner. A similar reduction in hERG protein was also seen in adrenal medullary chromaffin cells from IH-exposed neonatal rats. The decreased hERG protein was associated with attenuated hERG K(+) current. IH-evoked hERG protein degradation was not due to reduced transcription or increased proteosome/lysomal degradation. Rather it was mediated by calcium-activated calpain proteases. Both COOH- and NH2-terminal sequences of the hERG protein were the targets of calpain-dependent degradation. IH increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i), calpain enzyme activity, and hERG protein degradation, and all these effects were prevented by manganese-(111)-tetrakis-(1-methyl-4-pyridyl)-porphyrin pentachloride, a membrane-permeable ROS scavenger. These results demonstrate that activation of calpains by ROS-dependent elevation of [Ca(2+)]i mediates hERG protein degradation by IH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Wang
- Institute for Integrative Physiology, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - H S Kang
- Institute for Integrative Physiology, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - G Ahmmed
- Institute for Integrative Physiology, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - S A Khan
- Institute for Integrative Physiology, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - V V Makarenko
- Institute for Integrative Physiology, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - N R Prabhakar
- Institute for Integrative Physiology, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - J Nanduri
- Institute for Integrative Physiology, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| |
Collapse
|