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Mikhailova DM, Skverchinskaya E, Sudnitsyna J, Butov KR, Koltsova EM, Mindukshev IV, Gambaryan S. Hematin- and Hemin-Induced Spherization and Hemolysis of Human Erythrocytes Are Independent of Extracellular Calcium Concentration. Cells 2024; 13:554. [PMID: 38534398 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pathologies such as malaria, hemorrhagic stroke, sickle cell disease, and thalassemia are characterized by the release of hemoglobin degradation products from damaged RBCs. Hematin (liganded with OH-) and hemin (liganded with Cl-)-are the oxidized forms of heme with toxic properties due to their hydrophobicity and the presence of redox-active Fe3. In the present study, using the original LaSca-TM laser particle analyzer, flow cytometry, and confocal microscopy, we showed that both hematin and hemin induce dose-dependent RBC spherization and hemolysis with ghost formation. Hematin and hemin at nanomolar concentrations increased [Ca2+]i in RBC; however, spherization and hemolysis occurred in the presence and absence of calcium, indicating that both processes are independent of [Ca2+]i. Both compounds triggered acute phosphatidylserine exposure on the membrane surface, reversible after 60 min of incubation. A comparison of hematin and hemin effects on RBCs revealed that hematin is a more reactive toxic metabolite than hemin towards human RBCs. The toxic effects of heme derivatives were reduced and even reversed in the presence of albumin, indicating the presence in RBCs of the own recovery system against the toxic effects of heme derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana M Mikhailova
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 44 Thorez Ave., 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Emb., 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elisaveta Skverchinskaya
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 44 Thorez Ave., 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Julia Sudnitsyna
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 44 Thorez Ave., 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Kirill R Butov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Medical Biotechnology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina M Koltsova
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 30 Srednyaya Kalitnikovskaya st., 109029 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor V Mindukshev
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 44 Thorez Ave., 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Stepan Gambaryan
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 44 Thorez Ave., 194223 Saint Petersburg, Russia
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2
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Liang P, Zhang Y, Wan YCS, Ma S, Dong P, Lowry AJ, Francis SJ, Khandelwal S, Delahunty M, Telen MJ, Strouse JJ, Arepally GM, Yang H. Deciphering and disrupting PIEZO1-TMEM16F interplay in hereditary xerocytosis. Blood 2024; 143:357-369. [PMID: 38033286 PMCID: PMC10862370 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023021465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Cell-surface exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS) is essential for phagocytic clearance and blood clotting. Although a calcium-activated phospholipid scramblase (CaPLSase) has long been proposed to mediate PS exposure in red blood cells (RBCs), its identity, activation mechanism, and role in RBC biology and disease remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate that TMEM16F, the long-sought-after RBC CaPLSase, is activated by calcium influx through the mechanosensitive channel PIEZO1 in RBCs. PIEZO1-TMEM16F functional coupling is enhanced in RBCs from individuals with hereditary xerocytosis (HX), an RBC disorder caused by PIEZO1 gain-of-function channelopathy. Enhanced PIEZO1-TMEM16F coupling leads to an increased propensity to expose PS, which may serve as a key risk factor for HX clinical manifestations including anemia, splenomegaly, and postsplenectomy thrombosis. Spider toxin GsMTx-4 and antigout medication benzbromarone inhibit PIEZO1, preventing force-induced echinocytosis, hemolysis, and PS exposure in HX RBCs. Our study thus reveals an activation mechanism of TMEM16F CaPLSase and its pathophysiological function in HX, providing insights into potential treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Liang
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Yui Chun S. Wan
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Shang Ma
- Children’s Research Institute, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Ping Dong
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Augustus J. Lowry
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Samuel J. Francis
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Sanjay Khandelwal
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Martha Delahunty
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Marilyn J. Telen
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - John J. Strouse
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | | | - Huanghe Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
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3
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Liu J, Mamun Bhuyan AA, Ma K, Zhu X, Zhou K, Lang F. Myricetin-induced suicidal erythrocyte death. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:4253-4260. [PMID: 36905403 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08350-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myricetin, a type of flavonol commonly found in fruits and herbs, has demonstrated anticancer properties by triggering the process of apoptosis or programmed cell death in tumor cells. Despite the absence of mitochondria and nuclei, erythrocytes can undergo programmed cell death, also known as eryptosis.This process is characterized by cell shrinkage, externalization of phosphatidylserine (PS) on the cell membrane, and the formation of membrane blebs. The signaling of eryptosis involves Ca2+ influx, the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the accumulation of cell surface ceramide. The present study explored the effects of myricetin on eryptosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Human erythrocytes were exposed to various concentrations of myricetin (2-8 µM) for 24 h. Flow cytometry was used to assess the markers of eryptosis, including PS exposure, cellular volume, cytosolic Ca2+ concentration, and ceramide accumulation. In addition, the levels of intracellular ROS were measured using the 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFDA) assay. The myricetin-treated (8 µM) erythrocytes significantly increased Annexin-positive cells, Fluo-3 fluorescence intensity, DCF fluorescence intensity, and the accumulation of ceramide. The impact of myricetin on the binding of annexin-V was significantly reduced, but not completely eliminated, by the nominal removal of extracellular Ca2+. CONCLUSION Myricetin triggers eryptosis, which is accompanied and, at least in part, caused by Ca2+ influx, oxidative stress and increase of ceramide abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibin Liu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China.,Department of Physiology, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tuebingen, Wilhlmstr. 56, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Abdulla Al Mamun Bhuyan
- Department of Physiology, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tuebingen, Wilhlmstr. 56, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany.,Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6250, Bangladesh
| | - Ke Ma
- Department of Physiology, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tuebingen, Wilhlmstr. 56, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Xuexue Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tuebingen, Wilhlmstr. 56, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Kuo Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tuebingen, Wilhlmstr. 56, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Florian Lang
- Department of Physiology, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tuebingen, Wilhlmstr. 56, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany.
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van den Brink LM, Cohrs I, Golbeck L, Wächter S, Dobbelaar P, Teske E, Grünberg W. Effect of Dietary Phosphate Deprivation on Red Blood Cell Parameters of Periparturient Dairy Cows. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13030404. [PMID: 36766293 PMCID: PMC9913789 DOI: 10.3390/ani13030404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Postparturient hemoglobinuria is a sporadic disease characterized by intravascular hemolysis and hemoglobinuria in early lactating dairy cows. The condition has empirically been associated with phosphorus (P) deficiency or hypophosphatemia; however, the exact etiology remains obscure. This paper summarizes two controlled studies investigating the effect of P deprivation during the transition period. In Study I, 36 late pregnant dairy cows were randomly assigned to either a diet with low, or adequate, P content from four weeks before calving to four weeks after calving. In Study II, 30 late pregnant dairy cows were again assigned to either a diet with low, or adequate, P for the last four weeks before calving only. Pronounced hypophosphatemia developed during periods of restricted P supply. In early lactation, a subtle decline of the red blood cell count occurred independently of the dietary P supply. In Study I, anemia developed in 11 cows on deficient P supply, which was associated with hemoglobinuria in five cases. Neither erythrocyte total P content nor osmotic resistance of erythrocytes were altered by dietary P deprivation. Restricted dietary P supply, particularly in early lactation, may lead to postparturient hemoglobinuria, but more frequently causes clinically inapparent hemolysis and anemia in cows.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Imke Cohrs
- Clinic for Cattle, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30173 Hanover, Germany
- Clinic for Ruminants, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Frankfurter Strasse 104, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Lennart Golbeck
- Clinic for Cattle, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30173 Hanover, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reproduction and Population Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Sophia Wächter
- Clinic for Cattle, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30173 Hanover, Germany
| | - Paul Dobbelaar
- Department of Farm Animal Health, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Teske
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Walter Grünberg
- Department of Farm Animal Health, Utrecht University, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Clinic for Cattle, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30173 Hanover, Germany
- Clinic for Ruminants, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Frankfurter Strasse 104, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-0-641-99-38670
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5
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Chen Z, Yang B, Yan Z, Song E, Song Y. Eryptosis is an indicator of hematotoxicity in the risk assessment of environmental amorphous silica nanoparticles exposure: The role of macromolecule corona. Toxicol Lett 2022; 367:40-47. [PMID: 35870742 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Silica nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) have been widely manufactured for various applications and unintentionally generated in various industrial processes. SiO2 NPs exposure is potentially hazardous to human health. Incremental evidence has indicated the presence of SiO2 NPs in systemic circulation, which warranted their interaction with blood components. Due to the obvious weakness of hemolysis in the risk assessment of environmental NPs, we for the first time use eryptosis as a sensitive indicator to assess the hematotoxicity of SiO2 NPs. In vitro results showed that the exposure of erythrocytes to pristine SiO2 NPs resulted in typical features of eryptosis, including oxidative stress, calcium influx, phosphatidylserine externalization and hemolysis. However, SiO2 NPs covered with mouse plasma (SiO2@MP) or grafted with polyvinylpyrrolidone (SiO2@PVP) did not stimulate eryptosis. Interestingly, neither bare nor macromolecule-decolorated SiO2 NPs caused eryptosis in our in vivo mouse model, highlighting the protective role of coronal proteins on the amelioration of SiO2 NPs-induced hematotoxicity. These results emphasized the influences of surface modification on the toxicity of environmental NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangde Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100085, China; Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Rd, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Bingwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100085, China; Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Rd, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ziyi Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100085, China; Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Rd, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Erqun Song
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Rd, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100085, China.
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6
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Eryptosis: Programmed Death of Nucleus-Free, Iron-Filled Blood Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030503. [PMID: 35159312 PMCID: PMC8834305 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Human erythrocytes are organelle-free cells packaged with iron-containing hemoglobin, specializing in the transport of oxygen. With a total number of approximately 25 trillion cells per individual, the erythrocyte is the most abundant cell type not only in blood but in the whole organism. Despite their low complexity and their inability to transcriptionally upregulate antioxidant defense mechanisms, they display a relatively long life time, of 120 days. This ensures the maintenance of tissue homeostasis where the clearance of old or damaged erythrocytes is kept in balance with erythropoiesis. Whereas the regulatory mechanisms of erythropoiesis have been elucidated over decades of intensive research, the understanding of the mechanisms of erythrocyte clearance still requires some refinement. Here, we present the main pathways leading to eryptosis, the programmed death of erythrocytes, with special emphasis on Ca2+ influx, the generation of ceramide, oxidative stress, kinase activation, and iron metabolism. We also compare stress-induced erythrocyte death with erythrocyte ageing and clearance, and discuss the similarities between eryptosis and ferroptosis, the iron-dependent regulated death of nucleated blood cells. Finally, we focus on the pathologic consequences of deranged eryptosis, and discuss eryptosis in the context of different infectious diseases, e.g., viral or parasitic infections, and hematologic disorders.
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7
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Alfhili MA, Basudan AM, Alsughayyir J. Antiproliferative Wnt inhibitor wogonin prevents eryptosis following ionophoric challenge, hyperosmotic shock, oxidative stress, and metabolic deprivation. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13977. [PMID: 34664287 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Anemia is a common complication of chemotherapy and may arise due to premature or suicidal death of red blood cells (RBCs). Prevention of RBC death thus lends itself as a promising strategy to counteract anemia. Wogonin (WGN; 5,7-dihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone) is a Wnt inhibitor derived from Scutellaria baicalensis plant with potent cytotoxic and antitumor potential. However, the nature of interaction of WGN with human RBCs is unknown. RBCs from healthy participants were exposed to different hemolytic and eryptotic stimuli for 24 or 48 hr at 37°C in the presence and absence of 100 μM WGN. Calcium overload was induced by 2 μM ionomycin, hyperosmotic shock with excessive sucrose, oxidative stress by 2-phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), and metabolic deprivation by exclusion of glucose. Hemolysis was estimated from extracellular hemoglobin, phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure by Annexin V-FITC, intracellular calcium by Fluo4/AM, and oxidative stress by 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2 DCFDA). While WGN did not rescue the cells from the hemolytic activity of ionomycin, it reduced PS externalization by interfering with calcium influx under both ionomycin treatment and metabolic exhaustion. WGN also significantly inhibited PS exposure upon hyperosmotic shock, but the effect was independent of calcium entry. Moreover, WGN exhibited antihemolytic and anti-eryptotic activities against PEITC without appreciable reduction in ROS levels. Altogether, WGN prevents PEITC-induced hemolysis and suppresses eryptosis due to calcium accumulation, hyperosmotic shock, oxidative stress, and metabolic exhaustion. These novel insights may open new avenues into the therapeutic application of WGN for conditions in which anemia is commonly encountered, most notably cancer. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The herbal supplement Sho-Saiko-To (Xiaochaihu-tang) is commonly prescribed to relieve symptoms of liver disease. Flavonoids from the herbal constituents of Sho-Saiko-To have demonstrated considerable anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antitumor, and immunomodulatory properties. In this work, we identify WGN, a major flavonoid in Sho-Saiko-To, as a novel inhibitor of hemolysis and eryptosis of human erythrocytes. Since inordinate erythrocyte death is a major obstacle in therapeutic drug development, our findings argue for the use of WGN as a natural alternative, either as a primary or an adjuvant drug, for a wide assortment of pathological conditions including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A Alfhili
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Basudan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jawaher Alsughayyir
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Whey protein concentrate protects against age-dependent alteration in redox biomarkers. Biol Futur 2021; 71:273-281. [PMID: 34554512 DOI: 10.1007/s42977-020-00033-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with decreased cellular cysteine uptake, which acts as a precursor for glutathione biosynthesis. Whey protein, a liquid aspect of milk, is an effective cysteine delivery system. The study was undertaken to evaluate the potential role of whey protein concentrate (WPC) on the redox biomarkers during aging. Male Wistar rats were divided into following four groups: young control (4 months old); young treated with WPC (300 mg/kg b.w./day orally); old (24 months old) control; old treated with WPC for 28 days. After treatment, changes in body weight, lipid profile and levels of redox biomarkers were determined. A marked decrease in prooxidants such as reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl and significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in antioxidants such as reduced glutathione and GST levels were observed after WPC supplementation in old age rats. We also found marked decrease in the level of sialic acid and AGEs after WPC supplementation. In conclusion, WPC provides protection against age-dependent redox imbalance which might be attributed to its antioxidant activity.
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Ichikawa J, Koshino I, Arashiki N, Nakamura F, Komori M. Storage-Related Changes in Autologous Whole Blood and Irradiated Allogeneic Red Blood Cells and Their Ex Vivo Effects on Deformability, Indices, and Density of Circulating Erythrocytes in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery With Cardiopulmonary Bypass. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2021; 36:855-861. [PMID: 34253445 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2021.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Blood-processing techniques and preservation conditions cause storage lesions, possibly leading to adverse outcomes after transfusion. The authors investigated the metabolic changes and deformability of red blood cells (RBCs) during storage and determined the effect of storage lesions on circulating RBCs during cardiac surgery. DESIGN Prospective study. SETTING Tertiary care center affiliated with a university hospital. PARTICIPANTS Adults who underwent elective cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass. INTERVENTIONS The authors collected aliquots of autologous and irradiated allogeneic RBCs and blood samples from seven patients who received autologous whole blood and nine patients who received irradiated allogeneic RBCs before incision (baseline), at the start and end of cardiopulmonary bypass, and at completion of surgery. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The authors analyzed RBC deformability, erythrocyte indices, and density distribution to evaluate blood banking-induced alterations of autologous and allogeneic RBCs and changes in circulating RBCs in recipients, after blood transfusion. Time-dependent biochemical changes and significant decreases in deformability during storage occurred in both groups; however, homologous RBCs had significantly lower deformability than autologous RBCs. Trends in mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration differed in both groups. In the homologous transfusion group, during cardiac surgery, RBC deformability, mean corpuscular volume, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration showed significant changes compared with baseline values, and a greater number of denser subpopulations was observed at surgery completion. CONCLUSIONS Blood-processing techniques contribute to storage lesions, suggesting that transfusion of autologous whole blood, rather than allogeneic RBCs, could maintain the ability of circulating RBCs to deform and lead to potentially better transfusion outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Ichikawa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Ichiro Koshino
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuto Arashiki
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumio Nakamura
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makiko Komori
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Medical Center East, Tokyo, Japan
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Increased Levels of ER Stress and Apoptosis in a Sheep Model for Pulmonary Fibrosis Are Alleviated by In Vivo Blockade of the KCa3.1 Ion Channel. Can Respir J 2021; 2021:6683195. [PMID: 33828632 PMCID: PMC8004363 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6683195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal interstitial lung disease, characterized by progressive damage to the lung tissues. Apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) in type II alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) and lung macrophages have been linked with the development of IPF. Therefore, apoptosis- and ER stress-targeted therapies have drawn attention as potential avenues for treatment of IPF. The calcium-activated potassium ion channel KCa3.1 has been proposed as a potential therapeutic target for fibrotic diseases including IPF. While KCa3.1 is expressed in AECs and macrophages, its influence on ER stress and apoptosis during the disease process is unclear. We utilized a novel sheep model of pulmonary fibrosis to demonstrate that apoptosis and ER stress occur in type II AECs and macrophages in sheep with bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis. Apoptosis in type II AEC and macrophages was identified using the TUNEL method of tagging fragmented nuclear DNA, while ER stress was characterized by increased expression of GRP-78 ER chaperone proteins. We demonstrated that apoptosis and ER stress in type II AECs and macrophages increased significantly 2 weeks after the final bleomycin infusion and remained high for up to 7 weeks post-bleomycin injury. Senicapoc treatment significantly reduced the rates of ER stress in type II AECs and macrophages that were resident in bleomycin-infused lung segments. There were also significant reductions in the rates of apoptosis of type II AECs and macrophages in the lung segments of senicapoc-treated sheep. In vivo blockade of the KCa3.1 ion channel alleviates the ER stress and apoptosis in type II AECs and macrophages, and this effect potentially contributes to the anti-fibrotic effects of senicapoc.
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Sharma DS, Paddibhatla I, Raghuwanshi S, Malleswarapu M, Sangeeth A, Kovuru N, Dahariya S, Gautam DK, Pallepati A, Gutti RK. Endocannabinoid system: Role in blood cell development, neuroimmune interactions and associated disorders. J Neuroimmunol 2021; 353:577501. [PMID: 33571815 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is a complex physiological network involved in creating homeostasis and maintaining human health. Studies of the last 40 years have shown that endocannabinoids (ECs), a group of bioactive lipids, together with their set of receptors, function as one of the most important physiologic systems in human body. ECs and cannabinoid receptors (CBRs) are found throughout the body: in the brain tissues, immune cells, and in the peripheral organs and tissues as well. In recent years, ECs have emerged as key modulators of affect, neurotransmitter release, immune function, and several other physiological functions. This modulatory homoeostatic system operates in the regulation of brain activity and states of physical health and disease. In several research studies and patents the ECS has been recognised with neuro-protective properties thus it might be a target in neurodegenerative diseases. Most immune cells express these bioactive lipids and their receptors, recent data also highlight the immunomodulatory effects of endocannabinoids. Interplay of immune and nervous system has been recognized in past, recent studies suggest that ECS function as a bridge between neuronal and immune system. In several ongoing clinical trial studies, the ECS has also been placed in the anti-cancer drugs spotlight. This review summarizes the literature of cannabinoid ligands and their biosynthesis, cannabinoid receptors and their distribution, and the signaling pathways initiated by the binding of cannabinoid ligands to cannabinoid receptors. Further, this review highlights the functional role of cannabinoids and ECS in blood cell development, neuroimmune interactions and associated disorders. Moreover, we highlight the current state of knowledge of cannabinoid ligands as the mediators of neuroimmune interactions, which can be therapeutically effective for neuro-immune disorders and several diseases associated with neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durga Shankar Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Indira Paddibhatla
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Sanjeev Raghuwanshi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Mahesh Malleswarapu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Anjali Sangeeth
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Narasaiah Kovuru
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Swati Dahariya
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Dushyant Kumar Gautam
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Aditya Pallepati
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Ravi Kumar Gutti
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India.
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12
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Tao D, Wang Y, Liu J, Chen R, Qi M, Xu S. Mechanism of CuSO 4 cytotoxicity in goat erythrocytes after high-level in vitro exposure to isotonic media. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111730. [PMID: 33396061 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is a common environmental pollutant in nature. Cu-poisoning can cause liver damage and erythrocytes hemolysis. To evaluate the effect of CuSO4 poisoning on the morphological and functional characteristics of goat red blood cells. Five 10-14-month-old goats were selected for jugular vein blood sampling to obtain erythrocytes, and then the erythrocytes were processed with different concentrations (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 μmol/L) of CuSO4 for 48 h, and 40 μmol/L doses CuSO4 incubated for different time (12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 h) to process erythrocytes. We observed the changes in erythrocyte morphology through scanning electron microscopy, and detected the antioxidant function and activities of three ATPases. Additionally, biological properties were examined from the perspectives of phospholipids and membrane protein components, permeability fragility, and fluidity in erythrocytes. We found that after CuSO4 treatment, the antioxidant capacity of erythrocytes decreased, which was manifested as increased MDA content and decreased CuZn-SOD and GSH-Px activities (p < 0.05). In addition, we also found that erythrocyte fluidity decreased, osmotic fragility increased, membrane phospholipid percentage and protein composition changes abnormally, and Na+/K+-ATPase, Mg2+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase activities decreased (p < 0.05). From the results, it can be concluded that CuSO4 exposure causes hemolysis of goat erythrocytes through oxidative stress to the structure and function of erythrocytes, showing a dose-time effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayong Tao
- College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 843300, PR China
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 843300, PR China
| | - Junfeng Liu
- College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 843300, PR China
| | - Rong Chen
- College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 843300, PR China
| | - Meng Qi
- College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 843300, PR China
| | - Shiwen Xu
- College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 843300, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Technology Corps, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 843300, PR China.
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13
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Seki M, Arashiki N, Takakuwa Y, Nitta K, Nakamura F. Reduction in flippase activity contributes to surface presentation of phosphatidylserine in human senescent erythrocytes. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:13991-14000. [PMID: 33103382 PMCID: PMC7754070 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mature human erythrocytes circulate in blood for approximately 120 days, and senescent erythrocytes are removed by splenic macrophages. During this process, the cell membranes of senescent erythrocytes express phosphatidylserine, which is recognized as a signal for phagocytosis by macrophages. However, the mechanisms underlying phosphatidylserine exposure in senescent erythrocytes remain unclear. To clarify these mechanisms, we isolated senescent erythrocytes using density gradient centrifugation and applied fluorescence‐labelled lipids to investigate the flippase and scramblase activities. Senescent erythrocytes showed a decrease in flippase activity but not scramblase activity. Intracellular ATP and K+, the known influential factors on flippase activity, were altered in senescent erythrocytes. Furthermore, quantification by immunoblotting showed that the main flippase molecule in erythrocytes, ATP11C, was partially lost in the senescent cells. Collectively, these results suggest that multiple factors, including altered intracellular substances and reduced ATP11C levels, contribute to decreased flippase activity in senescent erythrocytes in turn to, present phosphatidylserine on their cell membrane. The present study may enable the identification of novel therapeutic approaches for anaemic states, such as those in inflammatory diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, or renal anaemia, resulting from the abnormally shortened lifespan of erythrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momoko Seki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuto Arashiki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Takakuwa
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kosaku Nitta
- Department of Nephrology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumio Nakamura
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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14
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Aliotta A, Bertaggia Calderara D, Zermatten MG, Alberio L. Sodium-Calcium Exchanger Reverse Mode Sustains Dichotomous Ion Fluxes Required for Procoagulant COAT Platelet Formation. Thromb Haemost 2020; 121:309-321. [PMID: 33099282 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-171670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Procoagulant collagen-and-thrombin (COAT)-activated platelets represent a subpopulation of activated platelets, which retain a coat of prohemostatic proteins and express phosphatidylserine on their surface. Dichotomous intracellular signaling generating procoagulant platelet activity instead of traditional aggregating endpoints is still not fully elucidated. It has been demonstrated that secondary messengers such as calcium and sodium play a critical role in platelet activation. Therefore, we developed a flow cytometric analysis to investigate intracellular ion fluxes simultaneously during generation of aggregating and procoagulant platelets. Human platelets were activated by convulxin-plus-thrombin. Cytosolic calcium, sodium, and potassium ion fluxes were visualized by specific ion probes and analyzed by flow cytometry. We observed high and prolonged intracellular calcium concentration, transient sodium increase, and fast potassium efflux in COAT platelets, whereas aggregating non-COAT platelets rapidly decreased their calcium content, maintaining higher cytosolic sodium, and experiencing lower and slower potassium depletion. Considering these antithetical patterns, we investigated the role of the sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX) during convulxin-plus-thrombin activation. NCX inhibitors, CBDMB and ORM-10103, dose-dependently reduced the global calcium mobilization induced by convulxin-plus-thrombin activation and dose-dependently prevented formation of procoagulant COAT platelets. Our data demonstrate that both NCX modes are used after convulxin-plus-thrombin-induced platelet activation. Non-COAT platelets use forward-mode NCX, thus pumping calcium out and moving sodium in, while COAT platelets rely on reverse NCX function, which pumps additional calcium into the cytosol, by extruding sodium. In conclusion, we described for the first time the critical and dichotomous role of NCX function during convulxin-plus-thrombin-induced platelet activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Aliotta
- Hemostasis and Platelet Research Laboratory, Division of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Debora Bertaggia Calderara
- Hemostasis and Platelet Research Laboratory, Division of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maxime G Zermatten
- Hemostasis and Platelet Research Laboratory, Division of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lorenzo Alberio
- Hemostasis and Platelet Research Laboratory, Division of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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15
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Synergic Crosstalk between Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Genomic Alterations in BCR-ABL-Negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasm. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9111037. [PMID: 33114087 PMCID: PMC7690801 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Philadelphia-negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) have recently been revealed to be related to chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. It has been proposed that MPNs represent a human inflammation model for tumor advancement, in which long-lasting inflammation serves as the driving element from early tumor stage (over polycythemia vera) to the later myelofibrotic cancer stage. It has been theorized that the starting event for acquired stem cell alteration may occur after a chronic inflammation stimulus with consequent myelopoietic drive, producing a genetic stem cell insult. When this occurs, the clone itself constantly produces inflammatory components in the bone marrow; these elements further cause clonal expansion. In BCR-ABL1-negative MPNs, the driver mutations include JAK 2, MPL, and CALR. Transcriptomic studies of hematopoietic stem cells from subjects with driver mutations have demonstrated the upregulation of inflammation-related genes capable of provoking the development of an inflammatory state. The possibility of acting on the inflammatory state as a therapeutic approach in MPNs appears promising, in which an intervention operating on the pathways that control the synthesis of cytokines and oxidative stress could be effective in reducing the possibility of leukemic progression and onset of complications.
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16
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Microvesicle Formation Induced by Oxidative Stress in Human Erythrocytes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9100929. [PMID: 32998418 PMCID: PMC7650597 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by different cell types play an important role in many physiological and pathophysiological processes. In physiological conditions, red blood cell (RBC)-derived EVs compose 4–8% of all circulating EVs, and oxidative stress (OS) as a consequence of different pathophysiological conditions significantly increases the amount of circulated RBC-derived EVs. However, the mechanisms of EV formation are not yet fully defined. To analyze OS-induced EV formation and RBC transformations, we used flow cytometry to evaluate cell esterase activity, caspase-3 activity, and band 3 clustering. Band 3 clustering was additionally analyzed by confocal microscopy. Two original laser diffraction-based approaches were used for the analysis of cell deformability and band 3 activity. Hemoglobin species were characterized spectrophotometrically. We showed that cell viability in tert-Butyl hydroperoxide-induced OS directly correlated with oxidant concentration to cell count ratio, and that RBC-derived EVs contained hemoglobin oxidized to hemichrome (HbChr). OS induced caspase-3 activation and band 3 clustering in cells and EVs. Importantly, we showed that OS-induced EV formation is independent of calcium. The presented data indicated that during OS, RBCs eliminated HbChr by vesiculation in order to sacrifice the cell itself, thereby prolonging lifespan and delaying the untimely clearance of in all other respects healthy RBCs.
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17
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Naveed A, Jilani K, Siddique AB, Akbar M, Riaz M, Mushtaq Z, Sikandar M, Ilyas S, Bibi I, Asghar A, Rasool G, Irfan M. Induction of Erythrocyte Shrinkage by Omeprazole. Dose Response 2020; 18:1559325820946941. [PMID: 32863802 PMCID: PMC7432979 DOI: 10.1177/1559325820946941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor blocks the H+/K+-ATPase
channels of gastric parietal cells. It is used for the treatment of peptic
ulcer. Prolonged use of omeprazole may involve in inducing anemia. The key
marker of eryptosis includes membrane blebbing, cell shrinkage and
phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure at the cell surface. In current study, the
eryptotic, oxidative as well as hemolytic effects of therapeutical doses (0.5, 1
and 1.5 µM) of omeprazole were investigated after exposing erythrocytes for 48
hours. Investigation of eryptosis was done by cell size measurement, PS exposure
determination and calcium channel inhibition. As a possible mechanism of
omeprazole induced eryptosis, oxidative stress was investigated by determining
the catalase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities.
Similarly, necrotic effect of omeprazole on erythrocytes was also evaluated
through hemolysis measurement. Results of our study illustrated that 1.5 µM of
omeprazole may induce significant decrease in superoxide dismutase, glutathione
peroxidase and catalase activities as well as triggered the erythrocytes
shrinkage, PS exposure and hemolysis. Role of calcium was also confirmed in
inducing erythrocyte shrinkage. It is concluded that the exposure of
erythrocytes with 1.5 µM omeprazole may enhance the rate of eryptosis and
hemolysis by inducing oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Naveed
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Jilani
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abu Bakar Siddique
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Akbar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Sargodha, Sargodha Medical College, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Zahid Mushtaq
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sikandar
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sajida Ilyas
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ismat Bibi
- Department of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Asma Asghar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Rasool
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Sargodha, Sargodha Medical College, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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18
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Kuck L, Peart JN, Simmonds MJ. Calcium dynamically alters erythrocyte mechanical response to shear. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118802. [PMID: 32717279 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Red blood cells (RBC) are constantly exposed to varying mechanical forces while traversing the cardiovascular system. Upon exposure to mechanical stimuli (e.g., shear stress), calcium enters the cell and prompts potassium-efflux. Efflux of potassium is accompanied by a loss of intracellular fluid; thus, the volume of RBC decreases proportionately (i.e., 'Gárdos effect'). The mechanical properties of the cell are subsequently impacted due to complex interactions between cytosolic viscosity (dependent on cell hydration), the surface-area-to-volume ratio, and other molecular processes. The dynamic effects of calcium on RBC mechanics are yet to be elucidated, although accumulating evidence suggests a vital role. The present study thus examined the effects of calcium on contemporary biomechanical properties of RBC in conjunction with high-precision geometrical analyses with exposure to shear. Mechanical stimulation of RBC was performed using a co-axial Couette shearing system to deform the cell membrane; intracellular signaling events were observed via fluorescent imaging. Calcium was introduced into RBC using ionophore A23187. Increased intracellular calcium significantly impaired RBC deformability; these impairments were mediated by a calcium-induced reduction of cell volume through the Gárdos channel. Extracellular calcium in the absence of the ionophore only had an effect under shear, not at stasis. Under low shear, the presence of extracellular calcium induced progressive lysis of a sub-population of RBC; all remaining RBC exhibited exceptional capacity to deform, implying preferential removal of potentially aged cells. Collectively, we provide evidence of the mechanism by which calcium acutely regulates RBC mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lennart Kuck
- Biorheology Research Laboratory, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jason N Peart
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michael J Simmonds
- Biorheology Research Laboratory, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Queensland, Australia.
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19
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Föller M, Lang F. Ion Transport in Eryptosis, the Suicidal Death of Erythrocytes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:597. [PMID: 32733893 PMCID: PMC7360839 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythrocytes are among the most abundant cells in mammals and are perfectly adapted to their main functions, i.e., the transport of O2 to peripheral tissues and the contribution to CO2 transport to the lungs. In contrast to other cells, they are fully devoid of organelles. Similar to apoptosis of nucleated cells erythrocytes may enter suicidal death, eryptosis, which is characterized by the presentation of membrane phosphatidylserine on the cell surface and cell shrinkage, hallmarks that are also typical of apoptosis. Eryptosis may be triggered by an increase in the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration, which may be due to Ca2+ influx via non-selective cation channels of the TRPC family. Eryptosis is further induced by ceramide, which sensitizes erythrocytes to the eryptotic effect of Ca2+. Signaling regulating eryptosis further involves a variety of kinases including AMPK, PAK2, cGKI, JAK3, CK1α, CDK4, MSK1/2 and casein kinase. Eryptosis-dependent shrinkage is induced by K+ efflux through Ca2+-activated K+ channel KCa3.1, the Gardos channel. Eryptotic cells are phagocytosed and may adhere to endothelial cells. Eryptosis may help prevent hemolysis since defective erythrocytes usually undergo eryptosis followed by rapid clearance from circulating blood. Excessive eryptosis stimulated by various diseases and xenobiotics may result in anemia and/or impaired microcirculation. This review focuses on the significance and mechanisms of eryptosis as well as on the ion fluxes involved. Moreover, a short summary of further ion transport mechanisms of the erythrocyte membrane is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Föller
- Department of Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Florian Lang
- Department of Physiology Institute of Physiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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20
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Liu J, Bhuyan AAM, Ma K, Zhang S, Cheng A, Lang F. Inhibition of suicidal erythrocyte death by pyrogallol. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:5025-5032. [PMID: 32524386 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05568-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Pyrogallol, a polyphenolic component of Acacia nilotica has previously been reported to induce apoptosis of diverse cell types. Pyrogallol is in part effective by influencing gene expression and by interference with mitochondrial function. Despite lack of nuclei and mitochondria, erythrocytes may undergo eryptosis, a suicidal death apparent from phosphatidylserine translocation to the erythrocyte surface and cell shrinkage. Eryptosis is triggered by glucose depletion, by oxidation, by hyperosmotic cell shrinkage and by excessive Ca2+ entry. As enhanced eryptosis is a common cause of anemia, uncovering inhibitors and stimulators of eryptosis may, both, be of clinical interest. Here we tested, whether eryptosis of human erythrocytes is modified by pyrogallol. Utilizing flow cytometry, phosphatidylserine abundance at the cell surface was estimated from annexin-V-binding and cell volume from forward scatter. Prior to determinations erythrocytes were incubated with or without glucose, without or with added oxidant tert-butyl-hydroperoxide (t-BOOH, 0.5 mM), without or with added hyperosmotic sucrose (550 mM) or without or with added Ca2+ ionophore ionomycin (1 µM). Treatment of erythrocytes with pyrogallol (2-8 µM) was without significant effect on annexin-V-binding and forward scatter. Glucose deprivation, t-BOOH, sucrose and ionomycin, each, triggered annexin-V-binding and decreased forward scatter. Pyrogallol significantly blunted the effects on annexin-V-binding but not on forward scatter. Pyrogallol thus blunts phosphatidylserine translocation in erythrocytes exposed to glucose depletion, oxidative stress, hyperosmotic shock and excessive Ca2+ entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, People's Republic of China
- Department of Physiology, Eberhard-Karls-University, Wilhelmstr. 56, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Abdulla Al Mamun Bhuyan
- Department of Physiology, Eberhard-Karls-University, Wilhelmstr. 56, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ke Ma
- Department of Physiology, Eberhard-Karls-University, Wilhelmstr. 56, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Shaqiu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, 611130, People's Republic of China.
| | - Florian Lang
- Department of Physiology, Eberhard-Karls-University, Wilhelmstr. 56, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany.
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21
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Revin VV, Gromova NV, Revina ES, Prosnikova KV, Revina NV, Bochkareva SS, Stepushkina OG, Grunyushkin IP, Tairova MR, Incina VI. Effects of Polyphenol Compounds and Nitrogen Oxide Donors on Lipid Oxidation, Membrane-Skeletal Proteins, and Erythrocyte Structure under Hypoxia. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:6758017. [PMID: 31886240 PMCID: PMC6925769 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6758017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study shows that membrane-associated cytoskeletal protein structures and the erythrocyte morphology undergo profound changes during hypoxia. Hypoxia also intensified oxidative processes in the lipid phase of the bilayer of red blood cell membranes. Sodium nitroprusside impaired the morphology of red blood cells and altered quantitative and qualitative composition of membrane-skeletal proteins. The findings suggest that hypoxia causes changes at all levels of red blood cell organization, which can cause the functional disorders of hemoglobin oxygen-transporting properties and, eventually, the complete degradation of red blood cells. The use of flavonoids has a protective effect against hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viсtor V. Revin
- Department of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biology, Ogarev Mordovian State University, Saransk, Republic of Mordovia 430005, Russia
| | - Natalia V. Gromova
- Department of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biology, Ogarev Mordovian State University, Saransk, Republic of Mordovia 430005, Russia
| | - Elvira S. Revina
- Department of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biology, Ogarev Mordovian State University, Saransk, Republic of Mordovia 430005, Russia
| | - Ksenia V. Prosnikova
- Department of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biology, Ogarev Mordovian State University, Saransk, Republic of Mordovia 430005, Russia
| | - Nadezhda V. Revina
- Department of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biology, Ogarev Mordovian State University, Saransk, Republic of Mordovia 430005, Russia
| | - Svetlana S. Bochkareva
- Department of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biology, Ogarev Mordovian State University, Saransk, Republic of Mordovia 430005, Russia
| | - Olga G. Stepushkina
- Department of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biology, Ogarev Mordovian State University, Saransk, Republic of Mordovia 430005, Russia
| | - Igor P. Grunyushkin
- Department of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biology, Ogarev Mordovian State University, Saransk, Republic of Mordovia 430005, Russia
| | - Marina R. Tairova
- Department of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biology, Ogarev Mordovian State University, Saransk, Republic of Mordovia 430005, Russia
| | - Vera I. Incina
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology with a Course of Pharmaceutical Technology, Medicine Institute, Ogarev Mordovian State University, Saransk, Republic of Mordovia 430005, Russia
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22
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Rana RB, Jilani K, Shahid M, Riaz M, Ranjha MH, Bibi I, Asghar A, Irfan M. Atorvastatin Induced Erythrocytes Membrane Blebbing. Dose Response 2019; 17:1559325819869076. [PMID: 31447619 PMCID: PMC6691667 DOI: 10.1177/1559325819869076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Atorvastatin, an inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzymeA reductase, is usually used for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Besides its pharmacological and side actions, its toxic effects on human nucleus devoid of erythrocytes are still unknown. Eryptosis is an alternative term used for suicidal erythrocyte death. Membrane blebbing is among the common markers of eryptosis. In this study, eryptotic effect of atorvastatin was investigated by exposing the erythrocytes for 48 hours to different concentrations (1-10 µM) of atorvastatin. The experimental work related to investigation of eryptosis was done by cell size measurement and calcium channel inhibition. As a possible mechanism of eryptosis, atorvastatin-induced oxidative stress was evaluated by determining catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities. Similarly, necrotic effect of atorvastatin was also determined by hemolytic assay. Results of our study illustrated that the tested doses of atorvastatin may induce oxidative stress as observed by significant reduction in superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase activities as well as induce eryptosis, featured by erythrocytes membrane blebbing. The study concluded that induction of oxidative stress by atorvastatin may lead to eryptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kashif Jilani
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | | | - Ismat Bibi
- Department of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Asma Asghar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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23
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Alfhili MA, Weidner DA, Lee MH. Disruption of erythrocyte membrane asymmetry by triclosan is preceded by calcium dysregulation and p38 MAPK and RIP1 stimulation. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 229:103-111. [PMID: 31078025 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan (TCS) is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial used in personal care products, household items, and medical devices. Owing to its apoptotic potential against tumor cells, TCS has been proposed for the treatment of malignancy. A major complication of chemotherapy is anemia, which may result from direct erythrocyte hemolysis or premature cell death known as eryptosis. Similar to nucleated cells, eryptotic cells lose membrane asymmetry and Ca2+ regulation, and undergo oxidative stress, shrinkage, and activation of a host of kinases. In this report, we sought to examine the hemolytic and eryptotic potential of TCS and dissect the underlying mechanistic scenarios involved there in. Hemolysis was spectrophotometrically evaluated by the degree of hemoglobin release into the medium. Flow cytometry was utilized to detect phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure by annexin-V binding, intracellular Ca2+ by Fluo-3/AM fluorescence, and oxidative stress by 2-,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescin diacetate (DCFH2-DA). Incubation of cells with 10-100 μM TCS for 1-4 h induced time- and dose-dependent hemolysis. Moreover, TCS significantly increased the percentage of eryptotic cells as evident by PS exposure (significantly enhanced annexin-V binding). Interestingly, TCS-induced eryptosis was preceded by elevated intracellular Ca2+ levels but was not associated with oxidative stress. Cotreatment of erythrocytes with 50 μM TCS and 50 μM SB203580 (p38 MAPK inhibitor), or 300 μM necrostatin-1 (receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIP1) inhibitor) significantly ameliorated TCS-induced PS externalization. We conclude that TCS is cytotoxic to erythrocytes by inducing hemolysis and stimulating premature death at least in part through Ca2+ mobilization, and p38 MAPK and RIP1 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A Alfhili
- Department of Medicine (Division of Hematology/Oncology), Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, United States; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Douglas A Weidner
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, United States
| | - Myon-Hee Lee
- Department of Medicine (Division of Hematology/Oncology), Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, United States; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States.
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Triggering of eryptosis, the suicidal erythrocyte death, by phenoxodiol. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 392:1311-1318. [PMID: 31280326 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01681-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Phenoxodiol is used for the treatment of malignancy. The substance is effective by triggering suicidal tumor cell death or apoptosis. At least in theory, phenoxodiol could similarly stimulate suicidal erythrocyte death or eryptosis. Eryptosis is characterized by cell shrinkage and breakdown of cell membrane asymmetry with phosphatidylserine translocation to the erythrocyte surface. Signaling of eryptosis includes increase of cytosolic Ca2+ activity ([Ca2+]i), formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and increase of ceramide abundance at the cell surface. The present study explored whether phenoxodiol induces eryptosis and whether it modifies Ca2+ entry, ROS, and ceramide. Using flow cytometry, phosphatidylserine exposure at the cell surface was quantified from annexin V binding, cell volume from forward scatter, [Ca2+]i from Fluo3 fluorescence, ROS from DCFDA-dependent fluorescence, and ceramide abundance utilizing specific antibodies. A 48-h exposure of human erythrocytes to phenoxodiol (100 μg/ml [416 μM]) significantly increased the percentage of annexin V binding cells, significantly decreased average forward scatter and Fluo3 fluorescence and significantly increased ceramide abundance, but did not significantly modify DCFDA fluorescence. The effect of phenoxodiol on annexin V binding tended to decrease following removal of extracellular Ca2+, an effect, however, not reaching statistical significance. In conclusion, phenoxodiol triggers eryptosis, an effect paralleled by increase of ceramide abundance.
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Cancer-Associated Intermediate Conductance Ca 2+-Activated K⁺ Channel K Ca3.1. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11010109. [PMID: 30658505 PMCID: PMC6357066 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11010109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Several tumor entities have been reported to overexpress KCa3.1 potassium channels due to epigenetic, transcriptional, or post-translational modifications. By modulating membrane potential, cell volume, or Ca2+ signaling, KCa3.1 has been proposed to exert pivotal oncogenic functions in tumorigenesis, malignant progression, metastasis, and therapy resistance. Moreover, KCa3.1 is expressed by tumor-promoting stroma cells such as fibroblasts and the tumor vasculature suggesting a role of KCa3.1 in the adaptation of the tumor microenvironment. Combined, this features KCa3.1 as a candidate target for innovative anti-cancer therapy. However, immune cells also express KCa3.1 thereby contributing to T cell activation. Thus, any strategy targeting KCa3.1 in anti-cancer therapy may also modulate anti-tumor immune activity and/or immunosuppression. The present review article highlights the potential of KCa3.1 as an anti-tumor target providing an overview of the current knowledge on its function in tumor pathogenesis with emphasis on vasculo- and angiogenesis as well as anti-cancer immune responses.
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26
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Hutchings CJ, Colussi P, Clark TG. Ion channels as therapeutic antibody targets. MAbs 2018; 11:265-296. [PMID: 30526315 PMCID: PMC6380435 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2018.1548232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It is now well established that antibodies have numerous potential benefits when developed as therapeutics. Here, we evaluate the technical challenges of raising antibodies to membrane-spanning proteins together with enabling technologies that may facilitate the discovery of antibody therapeutics to ion channels. Additionally, we discuss the potential targeting opportunities in the anti-ion channel antibody landscape, along with a number of case studies where functional antibodies that target ion channels have been reported. Antibodies currently in development and progressing towards the clinic are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Theodore G. Clark
- TetraGenetics Inc, Arlington Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca New York, USA
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Boulet C, Doerig CD, Carvalho TG. Manipulating Eryptosis of Human Red Blood Cells: A Novel Antimalarial Strategy? Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018; 8:419. [PMID: 30560094 PMCID: PMC6284368 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria is a major global health burden, affecting over 200 million people worldwide. Resistance against all currently available antimalarial drugs is a growing threat, and represents a major and long-standing obstacle to malaria eradication. Like many intracellular pathogens, Plasmodium parasites manipulate host cell signaling pathways, in particular programmed cell death pathways. Interference with apoptotic pathways by malaria parasites is documented in the mosquito and human liver stages of infection, but little is known about this phenomenon in the erythrocytic stages. Although mature erythrocytes have lost all organelles, they display a form of programmed cell death termed eryptosis. Numerous features of eryptosis resemble those of nucleated cell apoptosis, including surface exposure of phosphatidylserine, cell shrinkage and membrane ruffling. Upon invasion, Plasmodium parasites induce significant stress to the host erythrocyte, while delaying the onset of eryptosis. Many eryptotic inducers appear to have a beneficial effect on the course of malaria infection in murine models, but major gaps remain in our understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms. All currently available antimalarial drugs have parasite-encoded targets, which facilitates the emergence of resistance through selection of mutations that prevent drug-target binding. Identifying host cell factors that play a key role in parasite survival will provide new perspectives for host-directed anti-malarial chemotherapy. This review focuses on the interrelationship between Plasmodium falciparum and the eryptosis of its host erythrocyte. We summarize the current knowledge in this area, highlight the different schools of thoughts and existing gaps in knowledge, and discuss future perspectives for host-directed therapies in the context of antimalarial drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coralie Boulet
- Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Christian D Doerig
- Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Teresa G Carvalho
- Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
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Barvitenko N, Lawen A, Aslam M, Pantaleo A, Saldanha C, Skverchinskaya E, Regolini M, Tuszynski JA. Integration of intracellular signaling: Biological analogues of wires, processors and memories organized by a centrosome 3D reference system. Biosystems 2018; 173:191-206. [PMID: 30142359 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myriads of signaling pathways in a single cell function to achieve the highest spatio-temporal integration. Data are accumulating on the role of electromechanical soliton-like waves in signal transduction processes. Theoretical studies strongly suggest feasibility of both classical and quantum computing involving microtubules. AIM A theoretical study of the role of the complex composed of the plasma membrane and the microtubule-based cytoskeleton as a system that transmits, stores and processes information. METHODS Theoretical analysis presented here refers to (i) the Penrose-Hameroff theory of consciousness (Orchestrated Objective Reduction; Orch OR), (ii) the description of the centrosome as a reference system for construction of the 3D map of the cell proposed by Regolini, (iii) the Heimburg-Jackson model of the nerve pulse propagation along axons' lipid bilayer as soliton-like electro-mechanical waves. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The ideas presented in this paper provide a qualitative model for the decision-making processes in a living cell undergoing a differentiation process. OUTLOOK This paper paves the way for the real-time live-cell observation of information processing by microtubule-based cytoskeleton and cell fate decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alfons Lawen
- Monash University, School of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Muhammad Aslam
- Medical Clininc I, Cardiology/Angiology, University Hospital, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Antonella Pantaleo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Carlota Saldanha
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Instituto de Bioquimica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Marco Regolini
- Department of Bioengineering and Mathematical Modeling, AudioLogic, Milan, Italy
| | - Jack A Tuszynski
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, IT-10128, Torino, Italy.
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Bissinger R, Bhuyan AAM, Qadri SM, Lang F. Oxidative stress, eryptosis and anemia: a pivotal mechanistic nexus in systemic diseases. FEBS J 2018; 286:826-854. [PMID: 30028073 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The average lifespan of circulating erythrocytes usually exceeds hundred days. Prior to that, however, erythrocytes may be exposed to oxidative stress in the circulation which could cause injury and trigger their suicidal death or eryptosis. Oxidative stress activates Ca2+ -permeable nonselective cation channels in the cell membrane, thus, stimulating Ca2+ entry and subsequent cell membrane scrambling resulting in phosphatidylserine exposure and activation of Ca2+ -sensitive K+ channels leading to K+ exit, hyperpolarization, Cl- exit, and ultimately cell shrinkage due to loss of KCl and osmotically driven water. While the mechanistic link between oxidative stress and anemia remains ill-defined, several diseases such as diabetes, hepatic failure, malignancy, chronic kidney disease and inflammation have been identified to display both increased oxidative stress as well as eryptosis. Recent compelling evidence suggests that oxidative stress is an important perpetrator in accelerating erythrocyte loss in different systemic conditions and an underlying mechanism for anemia associated with these pathological states. In the present review, we discuss the role of oxidative stress in reducing erythrocyte survival and provide novel insights into the possible use of antioxidants as putative antieryptotic and antianemic agents in a variety of systemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosi Bissinger
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Germany
| | - Abdulla Al Mamun Bhuyan
- Department of Vegetative & Clinical Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Germany
| | - Syed M Qadri
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Centre for Innovation, Canadian Blood Services, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Florian Lang
- Department of Vegetative & Clinical Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Molecular Medicine II, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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30
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Sicińska P. Di-n-butyl phthalate, butylbenzyl phthalate and their metabolites induce haemolysis and eryptosis in human erythrocytes. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 203:44-53. [PMID: 29605748 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.03.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates have been extensively used as plasticizers in various fields, including food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industry. Those compounds do not form covalent bonds to substances they are being added to, and thus they may migrate easily and penetrate various products used every day. They may reach organisms with air, food, or by a direct skin contact. Significant levels of phthalates and their metabolites are found in urine, breast milk, blood serum, venous blood, and cord blood. The purpose of this study was to assess the simple toxicity (haemolysis) and programmed death (eryptosis) caused by following phthalates: di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), butylbenzyl phthalate (BBP) and their metabolites: mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP) and mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP) in vitro in human RBCs. RBCs were incubated with the above mentioned compounds at concentrations ranging between 0.5 and 500 μg/mL for 24 h. Obtained results demonstrated that DBP and BBP possess higher haemolytic properties compared to their metabolites. The lethal concentration (LC50) was determined. The value was 126.37 ± 5.94 μg/mL for DBP, and 103.65 ± 4.03 μg/mL for BBP, and for metabolites the LC50 value was over 500 μg/mL. All compounds induced eryptosis causing translocation of phosphatidylserine, increased cytosolic calcium ions level, increased caspase-3 and calpain activation in human erythrocytes. BBP caused translocation of phosphatidylserine at a lower concentration compared to DBP. In case of other parameters, more pronounced changes were evoked by DBP at lower concentrations. Metabolites showed a significantly lower toxicity compared to parent compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Sicińska
- Department of Biophysics of Environmental Pollution, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz., Pomorska 141/143 St. 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
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31
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Ahyayauch H, García-Arribas AB, Sot J, González-Ramírez EJ, Busto JV, Monasterio BG, Jiménez-Rojo N, Contreras FX, Rendón-Ramírez A, Martin C, Alonso A, Goñi FM. Pb(II) Induces Scramblase Activation and Ceramide-Domain Generation in Red Blood Cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7456. [PMID: 29748552 PMCID: PMC5945622 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25905-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms of Pb(II) toxicity have been studied in human red blood cells using confocal microscopy, immunolabeling, fluorescence-activated cell sorting and atomic force microscopy. The process follows a sequence of events, starting with calcium entry, followed by potassium release, morphological change, generation of ceramide, lipid flip-flop and finally cell lysis. Clotrimazole blocks potassium channels and the whole process is inhibited. Immunolabeling reveals the generation of ceramide-enriched domains linked to a cell morphological change, while the use of a neutral sphingomyelinase inhibitor greatly delays the process after the morphological change, and lipid flip-flop is significantly reduced. These facts point to three major checkpoints in the process: first the upstream exchange of calcium and potassium, then ceramide domain formation, and finally the downstream scramblase activation necessary for cell lysis. In addition, partial non-cytotoxic cholesterol depletion of red blood cells accelerates the process as the morphological change occurs faster. Cholesterol could have a role in modulating the properties of the ceramide-enriched domains. This work is relevant in the context of cell death, heavy metal toxicity and sphingolipid signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasna Ahyayauch
- Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU), 48080, Bilbao, Spain.,Institut Supérieur des Professions Infirmières et des Techniques de Santé, Rabat, Morocco.,Neuroendocrinology Unit, Laboratory of Genetics, Neuroendocrinology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco
| | - Aritz B García-Arribas
- Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU), 48080, Bilbao, Spain.,Departamento de Bioquímica, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jesús Sot
- Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU), 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Emilio J González-Ramírez
- Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU), 48080, Bilbao, Spain.,Departamento de Bioquímica, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jon V Busto
- Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU), 48080, Bilbao, Spain.,Departamento de Bioquímica, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Bingen G Monasterio
- Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU), 48080, Bilbao, Spain.,Departamento de Bioquímica, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Noemi Jiménez-Rojo
- Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU), 48080, Bilbao, Spain.,Departamento de Bioquímica, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48080, Bilbao, Spain.,NCCR Chemical Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - F Xabier Contreras
- Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU), 48080, Bilbao, Spain.,Departamento de Bioquímica, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Adela Rendón-Ramírez
- Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU), 48080, Bilbao, Spain.,Departamento de Bioquímica, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Cesar Martin
- Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU), 48080, Bilbao, Spain.,Departamento de Bioquímica, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Alicia Alonso
- Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU), 48080, Bilbao, Spain.,Departamento de Bioquímica, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Félix M Goñi
- Instituto Biofisika (CSIC, UPV/EHU), 48080, Bilbao, Spain. .,Departamento de Bioquímica, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48080, Bilbao, Spain.
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Zhang Z, Bi M, Yang J, Yao H, Liu Z, Xu S. Effect of phosphorus deficiency on erythrocytic morphology and function in cows. J Vet Sci 2018; 18:333-340. [PMID: 27586463 PMCID: PMC5639086 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2017.18.3.333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of phosphorus (P) deficiency on the morphological and functional characteristics of erythrocytes in cows. Forty Holstein-Friesian dairy cows in mid-lactation were randomly divided into two groups of 20 each and were fed either a low-P diet (0.03% P/kg dry matter [DM]) or a control diet (0.36% P/kg DM). Red blood cell (RBC) indices results showed RBC and mean corpuscular hemoglobin decreased while mean corpuscular volume increased significantly (p < 0.05) in P-deficient cows. Erythrocyte morphology showed erythrocyte destruction in P-deficient cows. Erythrocytes' functional characteristics results showed total bilirubin and indirect bilirubin concentrations and aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase activity levels in the serum of P-deficient cows were significantly higher than those in control diet-fed cows. Activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in erythrocytes were lower, while the malondialdehyde content was greater, in P-deficient cows than in control diet-fed cows. Na+/K+-ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase activities were lower in P-deficient cows than in control diet-fed cows; however, Ca2+-ATPase activity was not significantly different. The phospholipid composition of the erythrocyte membrane changed and membrane fluidity rigidified in P-deficient cows. The results indicate that P deficiency might impair erythrocyte integrity and functional characteristics in cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Mingyu Bi
- Harbin Railway Public Security Bureau police dog base, Harbin 150056, China
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Haidong Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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33
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Sözer EB, Pocetti CF, Vernier PT. Transport of charged small molecules after electropermeabilization - drift and diffusion. BMC BIOPHYSICS 2018; 11:4. [PMID: 29581879 PMCID: PMC5861730 DOI: 10.1186/s13628-018-0044-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Applications of electric-field-induced permeabilization of cells range from cancer therapy to wastewater treatment. A unified understanding of the underlying mechanisms of membrane electropermeabilization, however, has not been achieved. Protocols are empirical, and models are descriptive rather than predictive, which hampers the optimization and expansion of electroporation-based technologies. A common feature of existing models is the assumption that the permeabilized membrane is passive, and that transport through it is entirely diffusive. To demonstrate the necessity to go beyond that assumption, we present here a quantitative analysis of the post-permeabilization transport of three small molecules commonly used in electroporation research — YO-PRO-1, propidium, and calcein — after exposure of cells to minimally perturbing, 6 ns electric pulses. Results Influx of YO-PRO-1 from the external medium into the cell exceeds that of propidium, consistent with many published studies. Both are much greater than the influx of calcein. In contrast, the normalized molar efflux of calcein from pre-loaded cells into the medium after electropermeabilization is roughly equivalent to the influx of YO-PRO-1 and propidium. These relative transport rates are correlated not with molecular size or cross-section, but rather with molecular charge polarity. Conclusions This comparison of the kinetics of molecular transport of three small, charged molecules across electropermeabilized cell membranes reveals a component of the mechanism of electroporation that is customarily taken into account only for the time during electric pulse delivery. The large differences between the influx rates of propidium and YO-PRO-1 (cations) and calcein (anion), and between the influx and efflux of calcein, suggest a significant role for the post-pulse transmembrane potential in the migration of ions and charged small molecules across permeabilized cell membranes, which has been largely neglected in models of electroporation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13628-018-0044-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esin B Sözer
- 1Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, 4211 Monarch Way, Ste. 300, Norfolk, VA 23508 USA
| | - C Florencia Pocetti
- 2Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - P Thomas Vernier
- 1Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, 4211 Monarch Way, Ste. 300, Norfolk, VA 23508 USA
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Revin VV, Gromova NV, Revina ES, Grunyushkin IP, Tychkov AY, Samonova AY, Kukina AN, Moskovkin AA, Bourdon JC, Zhelev N. The effect of experimental hyperoxia on erythrocytes’ oxygen-transport function. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2017.1414633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Victor Vasilevich Revin
- Faculty of Вiotechnology and Biology, Department of Вiotechnology, Bioengineering and Вiochemistry, Federal State-Financed Academic Institution of Higher Education “National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University”, Saransk, Russia
| | - Natalia Vasilevna Gromova
- Faculty of Вiotechnology and Biology, Department of Вiotechnology, Bioengineering and Вiochemistry, Federal State-Financed Academic Institution of Higher Education “National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University”, Saransk, Russia
| | - Elvira Sergeevna Revina
- Faculty of Вiotechnology and Biology, Department of Вiotechnology, Bioengineering and Вiochemistry, Federal State-Financed Academic Institution of Higher Education “National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University”, Saransk, Russia
| | - Igor Pavlovich Grunyushkin
- Faculty of Вiotechnology and Biology, Department of Вiotechnology, Bioengineering and Вiochemistry, Federal State-Financed Academic Institution of Higher Education “National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University”, Saransk, Russia
| | - Alexander Yurievich Tychkov
- Faculty of Вiotechnology and Biology, Department of Вiotechnology, Bioengineering and Вiochemistry, Federal State-Financed Academic Institution of Higher Education “National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University”, Saransk, Russia
| | - Anastasia Yurievna Samonova
- Faculty of Вiotechnology and Biology, Department of Вiotechnology, Bioengineering and Вiochemistry, Federal State-Financed Academic Institution of Higher Education “National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University”, Saransk, Russia
| | - Anastasia Nikolaevna Kukina
- Faculty of Вiotechnology and Biology, Department of Вiotechnology, Bioengineering and Вiochemistry, Federal State-Financed Academic Institution of Higher Education “National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University”, Saransk, Russia
| | - Alexander Alexandrovich Moskovkin
- Faculty of Вiotechnology and Biology, Department of Вiotechnology, Bioengineering and Вiochemistry, Federal State-Financed Academic Institution of Higher Education “National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University”, Saransk, Russia
| | | | - Nikolai Zhelev
- CMCBR, School of Science, Engineering & Technology, Abertay University, Dundee, UK
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Saising J, Nguyen MT, Härtner T, Ebner P, Al Mamun Bhuyan A, Berscheid A, Muehlenkamp M, Schäkermann S, Kumari N, Maier ME, Voravuthikunchai SP, Bandow J, Lang F, Brötz-Oesterhelt H, Götz F. Rhodomyrtone (Rom) is a membrane-active compound. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2018; 1860:1114-1124. [PMID: 29317198 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Particularly in Asia medicinal plants with antimicrobial activity are used for therapeutic purpose. One such plant-derived antibiotic is rhodomyrtone (Rom) isolated from Rhodomyrtus tomentosa leaves. Rom shows high antibacterial activity against a wide range of Gram-positive bacteria, however, its mode of action is still unclear. Reporter gene assays and proteomic profiling experiments in Bacillus subtilis indicate that Rom does not address classical antibiotic targets like translation, transcription or DNA replication, but acts at the cytoplasmic membrane. In Staphylococcus aureus, Rom decreases the membrane potential within seconds and at low doses, causes release of ATP and even the excretion of cytoplasmic proteins (ECP), but does not induce pore-formation as for example nisin. Lipid staining revealed that Rom induces local membrane damage. Rom's antimicrobial activity can be antagonized in the presence of a very narrow spectrum of saturated fatty acids (C15:0, C16:0, or C18:0) that most likely contribute to counteract the membrane damage. Gram-negative bacteria are resistant to Rom, presumably due to reduced penetration through the outer membrane and its neutralization by LPS. Rom is cytotoxic for many eukaryotic cells and studies with human erythrocytes showed that Rom induces eryptosis accompanied by erythrocyte shrinkage, cell membrane blebbing, and membrane scrambling with phosphatidylserine translocation to the erythrocyte surface. Rom's distinctive interaction with the cytoplasmic membrane reminds on the amphipathic, alpha-helical peptides, the phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs), and renders Rom an important tool for the investigation of membrane physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongkon Saising
- Microbial Genetics, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine Tübingen (IMIT), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; School of Health Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Muang, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Minh-Thu Nguyen
- Microbial Genetics, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine Tübingen (IMIT), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; School of Biological and Food Technology, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Thomas Härtner
- Biotechnology, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine Tübingen (IMIT), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Patrick Ebner
- Microbial Genetics, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine Tübingen (IMIT), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Anne Berscheid
- Microbial Bioactive Compounds, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine Tübingen (IMIT), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Melanie Muehlenkamp
- Microbial Bioactive Compounds, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine Tübingen (IMIT), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Nimerta Kumari
- Microbial Genetics, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine Tübingen (IMIT), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin E Maier
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Julia Bandow
- Applied Microbiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Florian Lang
- Departments of Cardiology, Vascular Medicine & Physiology, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Heike Brötz-Oesterhelt
- Microbial Bioactive Compounds, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine Tübingen (IMIT), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Friedrich Götz
- Microbial Genetics, Interfaculty Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine Tübingen (IMIT), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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Klumpp L, Sezgin EC, Skardelly M, Eckert F, Huber SM. KCa3.1 Channels and Glioblastoma: In Vitro Studies. Curr Neuropharmacol 2018; 16:627-635. [PMID: 28786347 PMCID: PMC5997865 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666170808115821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several tumor entities including brain tumors aberrantly overexpress intermediate conductance Ca2+ activated KCa3.1 K+ channels. These channels contribute significantly to the transformed phenotype of the tumor cells. METHOD PubMed was searched in order to summarize our current knowledge on the molecular signaling upstream and downstream and the effector functions of KCa3.1 channel activity in tumor cells in general and in glioblastoma cells in particular. In addition, KCa3.1 expression and function for repair of DNA double strand breaks was determined experimentally in primary glioblastoma cultures in dependence on the abundance of proneural and mesenchymal stem cell markers. RESULTS By modulating membrane potential, cell volume, Ca2+ signals and the respiratory chain, KCa3.1 channels in both, plasma and inner mitochondrial membrane, have been demonstrated to regulate many cellular processes such as migration and tissue invasion, metastasis, cell cycle progression, oxygen consumption and metabolism, DNA damage response and cell death of cancer cells. Moreover, KCa3.1 channels have been shown to crucially contribute to resistance against radiotherapy. Futhermore, the original in vitro data on KCa3.1 channel expression in subtypes of glioblastoma stem(-like) cells propose KCa3.1 as marker for the mesenchymal subgroup of cancer stem cells and suggest that KCa3.1 contributes to the therapy resistance of mesenchymal glioblastoma stem cells. CONCLUSION The data suggest KCa3.1 channel targeting in combination with radiotherapy as promising new tool to eradicate therapy-resistant mesenchymal glioblastoma stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Stephan M. Huber
- Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Tel: +49-(0)7071-29-82183; E-mail:
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Romero PJ, Hernández-Chinea C. The Action of Red Cell Calcium Ions on Human Erythrophagocytosis in Vitro. Front Physiol 2017; 8:1008. [PMID: 29255426 PMCID: PMC5722851 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.01008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present work we have studied in vitro the effect of increasing red cell Ca2+ ions on human erythrophagocytosis by peripheral monocyte-derived autologous macrophages. In addition, the relative contribution to phagocytosis of phosphatidylserine exposure, autologous IgG binding, complement deposition and Gárdos channel activity was also investigated. Monocytes were obtained after ficoll-hypaque fractionation and induced to transform by adherence to glass coverslips, for 24 h at 37°C in a RPMI medium, containing 10% fetal calf serum. Red blood cells (RBC) were loaded with Ca2+ using 10 μM A23187 and 1 mM Ca-EGTA buffers, in the absence of Mg2+. Ca2+-loaded cells were transferred to above coverslips and incubated for 2 h at 37°C under various experimental conditions, after which phagocytosis was assessed by light microscopy. Confirming earlier findings, phagocytosis depended on internal Ca2+. Accordingly; it was linearly raised from about 2–15% by increasing the free Ca2+ content of the loading solution from 0.5 to 20 μM, respectively. Such a linear increase was virtually doubled by the presence of 40% autologous serum. At 7 μM Ca2+, the phagocytosis degree attained with serum was practically equal to that obtained with either 2 mg/ml affinity-purified IgG or 40% IgG-depleted serum. However, phagocytosis was reduced to levels found with Ca2+ alone when IgG-depleted serum was inactivated by heat, implying an involvement of complement. On the other hand, phagocytosis in the absence of serum was markedly reduced by preincubating macrophages with phosphatidylserine-containing liposomes. In contrast, a similar incubation in the presence of serum affected it partially whereas employing liposomes made only of phosphatidylcholine essentially had no effect. Significantly, the Gárdos channel inhibitors clotrimazole (2 μM) and TRAM-34 (100 nM) fully blocked serum-dependent phagocytosis. These findings show that a raised internal Ca2+ promotes erythrophagocytosis by independently triggering phosphatidylserine externalization, complement deposition and IgG binding. Serum appeared to stimulate phagocytosis in a way dependent on Gárdos activity. It seems likely that Ca2+ promoted IgG-binding to erythrocytes via Gárdos channel activation. This can be an important signal for clearance of senescent human erythrocytes under physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro J Romero
- Laboratory of Membrane Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Biology, Central University of Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Concepción Hernández-Chinea
- Laboratory of Membrane Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Biology, Central University of Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
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Tang C, Meng Q, Zhang K, Zhan T, Zhao Q, Zhang S, Zhang J. Multi-omics analyses of red blood cell reveal antioxidation mechanisms associated with hemolytic toxicity of gossypol. Oncotarget 2017; 8:103693-103709. [PMID: 29262594 PMCID: PMC5732760 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gossypol is an antiproliferative drug with limited use due to its hemolytic toxicity. In this study, accelerated hemolysis was observed in the cows treated with gossypol. Comparative metabolomics were used to gain responsive pathways in the red blood cell (RBC) to the treatment, which were crossly validated by parallel iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis and enzyme activity assay. We found that gossypol treatment appeared to considerably activate pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) with an increased key product of ribose-5-phosphate and the increased abundance and activity of several key enzymes such as 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, flavin reductase, and ribose-phosphate pyrophesphokinase. Meanwhile, a decreased glycolysis metabolism was observed, as many input metabolites of glycolysis were reduced in the gossypol group, whereas its distal metabolites were unchanged, along with decreased abundance of triosephosphate isomerase and increased abundance of enzymes catalyzing several distal glycolytic steps. Oxidative reduction pathways were also remarkably affected as we found a decreased substrate of flavin reductase, glutathione disulfide, increased glutathione reductase activity, and increased abundance and activity of glutathione S-transferase with the increase of its catalytic product, cysteine. Our results demonstrated that glycolysis, PPP, and oxidative reduction pathways of RBC were all involved in RBC’s response to the hemolytic toxicity of gossypol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaohua Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Qingshi Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Tengfei Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Qingyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Junmin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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Agalakova NI, Ivanova TI, Gusev GP, Nazarenkova AV, Sufiyeva DA. Apoptotic death in erythrocytes of lamprey Lampetra fluviatilis induced by ionomycin and tert-butyl hydroperoxide. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 194:48-60. [PMID: 28163253 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2017.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The work examined the effects of Ca2+ overload and oxidative damage on erythrocytes of river lamprey Lampetra fluvialtilis. The cells were incubated for 3h with 0.1-5μM Ca2+ ionophore ionomycin in combination with 2.5mM Ca2+ and 10-100μM pro-oxidant agent tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP). The sensitivity of lamprey RBCs to studied compounds was evaluated by the kinetics of their death. Both toxicants induced dose- and time dependent phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization (annexin V-FITC labeling) and loss of membrane integrity (propidium iodide uptake). Highest doses of ionomycin (1-2μM) increased the number of PS-exposed erythrocytes to 7-9% within 3h, while 100μM tBHP produced up to 50% of annexin V-FITC-positive cells. Caspase inhibitor Boc-D-FMK (50μM), calpain inhibitor PD150606 (10μM) and broad protease inhibitor leupeptin (200μM) did not prevent ionomycin-induced PS externalization, whereas tBHP-triggered apoptosis was blunted by Boc-D-FMK. tBHP-dependent death of lamprey erythrocytes was accompanied by the decrease in relative cell size, loss of cell viability, activation of caspases 9 and 3/7, and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, but all these processes were partially attenuated by Boc-D-FMK. None of examined death-associated events were observed in ionomycin-treated erythrocytes except activation of caspase-9. Incubation with ionomycin did not alter intracellular K+ and Na+ content, while exposure to tBHP resulted in 80% loss of K+ and 2.8-fold accumulation of Na+. Thus, lamprey erythrocytes appear to be more susceptible to oxidative damage. Ca2+ overload does not activate the cytosolic death pathways in these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia I Agalakova
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, M. Thorez av. 44, Sankt-Petersburg, 194223, Russia.
| | - Tatiana I Ivanova
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, M. Thorez av. 44, Sankt-Petersburg, 194223, Russia
| | - Gennadii P Gusev
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, M. Thorez av. 44, Sankt-Petersburg, 194223, Russia
| | - Anna V Nazarenkova
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, M. Thorez av. 44, Sankt-Petersburg, 194223, Russia
| | - Dina A Sufiyeva
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, M. Thorez av. 44, Sankt-Petersburg, 194223, Russia
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Abed M, Thiel C, Towhid S, Alzoubi K, Honisch S, Lang F, Königsrainer A. Stimulation of Erythrocyte Cell Membrane Scrambling by C-Reactive Protein. Cell Physiol Biochem 2017; 41:806-818. [DOI: 10.1159/000458745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Eryptosis, the suicidal erythrocyte death characterized by cell shrinkage and phosphatidylserine-translocation, is triggered by fever and inflammation. Signaling includes increased cytosolic Ca2+-activity ([Ca2+]i), caspase activation, and ceramide. Inflammation is associated with increased plasma concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP). The present study explored whether CRP triggers eryptosis. Methods: Phosphatidylserine abundance at the cell surface was estimated from annexin-V-binding, cell volume from forward scatter, [Ca2+]i from Fluo3-fluorescence, ceramide abundance and caspase-3-activity utilizing FITC-conjugated antibodies. Moreover, blood was drawn from patients with acute appendicitis (9♀,11♂) and healthy volunteers (10♀,10♂) for determination of CRP, blood count and phosphatidylserine. Results: A 48h CRP treatment significantly increased the percentage of annexin-V-binding cells (≥5µg/ml), [Ca2+]i (≥5µg/ml), ceramide (20µg/ml) and caspase-activity (20µg/ml). Annexin-V-binding was significantly blunted by caspase inhibitor zVAD (10µM). The percentage of phosphatidylserine-exposing erythrocytes in freshly drawn blood was significantly higher in appendicitis patients (1.83±0.21%) than healthy volunteers (0.81±0.09%), and significantly higher following a 24h incubation of erythrocytes from healthy volunteers to patient plasma than to plasma from healthy volunteers. The percentage of phosphatidylserine-exposing erythrocytes correlated with CRP plasma concentration. Conclusion: C-reactive protein triggers eryptosis, an effect at least partially due to increase of [Ca2+]i, increase of ceramide abundance and caspase activation.
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Almasry M, Jemaà M, Mischitelli M, Lang F, Faggio C. Camalexin-Induced Cell Membrane Scrambling and Cell Shrinkage in Human Erythrocytes. Cell Physiol Biochem 2017; 41:731-741. [DOI: 10.1159/000458733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims: The thaliana phytoalexin Camalexin has been proposed for the treatment of malignancy. Camalexin counteracts tumor growth in part by stimulation of suicidal death or apoptosis of tumor cells. Similar to apoptosis of nucleated cells, erythrocytes may enter suicidal death or eryptosis, which is characterized by cell shrinkage and cell membrane scrambling with phosphatidylserine translocation to the erythrocyte surface. Cellular mechanisms contributing to the complex machinery executing eryptosis include increase of cytosolic Ca2+ activity ([Ca2+]i), oxidative stress, ceramide, protein kinase C and caspases. The present study explored, whether Camalexin induces eryptosis and, if so, to shed light on mechanisms involved. Methods: Phosphatidylserine exposure at the cell surface was estimated from annexin-V-binding, cell volume from forward scatter, [Ca2+]i from Fluo-3 fluorescence, ROS formation from DCFDA dependent fluorescence, and ceramide abundance utilizing specific antibodies. Results: A 48 hours exposure of human erythrocytes to Camalexin significantly increased the percentage of annexin-V-binding cells (≥ 10 µg/ml), significantly decreased forward scatter (≥ 5 µg/ml) and significantly increased Fluo-3-fluorescence (≥ 10 µg/ml), but did not significantly modify DCFDA fluorescence or ceramide abundance. The effect of Camalexin on annexin-V-binding was significantly blunted by removal of extracellular Ca2+, by kinase inhibitors staurosporine (1 µM) and chelerythrine (10 µM), as well as by caspase inhibitors zVAD (10 µM) and zIETD-fmk (50 µM). Conclusions: Camalexin triggers cell shrinkage and phospholipid scrambling of the erythrocyte cell membrane, an effect at least in part depending on Ca2+ entry, as well as staurosporine and chelerythrine sensitive kinase(s) as well as zVAD and zIETD-fmk sensitive caspase(s).
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Alterations of erythrocyte rheology and cellular susceptibility in end stage renal disease: Effects of peritoneal dialysis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171371. [PMID: 28158274 PMCID: PMC5291367 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effects of peritoneal dialysis on hemorheological and hematological parameters and their relations with oxidant and antioxidant status of uremic patients. Hemorheological parameters (erythrocyte deformability, erythrocyte aggregation, osmotic deformability, blood and plasma viscosity) were measured in patients with renal insufficiency undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) and volunteers. Erythrocyte deformability, osmotic deformability and aggregation in both autologous plasma and 3% dextran 70 were measured by laser diffraction ektacytometry. Enzyme activities of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase were studied in erythrocytes; lipid peroxidation was studied by measuring the amount of malondialdehyde in both erythrocytes and plasma samples. Blood viscosity at native hematocrit was significantly lower in PD patients at all measured shear rates compared to controls, but it was high in PD patients at corrected (45%) hematocrit. Erythrocyte deformability did not show any difference between the two groups. Osmotic deformability was significantly lower in PD patients compared to controls. Aggregation index values were significantly high in PD patients in plasma Catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities in erythrocytes were decreased in PD patients whereas superoxide dismutase activity was increased compared to controls. Malondialdehyde was significantly increased in erythrocytes and plasma samples of PD patients which also shows correlations with aggregation parameters. It has been concluded that erythrocytes in PD patients are more prone to aggregation and this tendency could be influenced by lipid peroxidation activity in patient's plasma. These results imply that uremic conditions, loss of plasma proteins and an increased risk of oxidative stress because of decreasing levels of antioxidant enzymes affect erythrocyte rheology during peritoneal dialysis. This level of distortion may have crucial effects, impairing the blood flow dynamics and causing inadequate microcirculatory perfusion.
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Singh AK, Singh S, Garg G, Rizvi SI. Rapamycin alleviates oxidative stress-induced damage in rat erythrocytes. Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 94:471-479. [DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2016-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
An imbalanced cellular redox system promotes the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that may lead to oxidative stress-mediated cell death. Erythrocytes are the best-studied model of antioxidant defense mechanism. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of the immunosuppressant drug rapamycin, an inducer of autophagy, on redox balance of erythrocytes and blood plasma of oxidatively challenged rats. Male Wistar rats were oxidatively challenged with HgCl2 (5 mg/kg body mass (b.m.)). A significant (p < 0.05) induction in ROS production, plasma membrane redox system (PMRS), intracellular Ca2+ influx, lipid peroxidation (LPO), osmotic fragility, plasma protein carbonyl (PCO) content, and plasma advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and simultaneously significant reduction in glutathione (GSH) level and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) were observed in rats exposed to HgCl2. Furthermore, rapamycin (0.5 mg/kg b.m.) provided significant protection against HgCl2-induced alterations in rat erythrocytes and plasma by reducing ROS production, PMRS activity, intracellular Ca2+ influx, LPO, osmotic fragility, PCO content, and AOPP and also restored the level of antioxidant GSH and FRAP. Our observations provide evidence that rapamycin improves redox status and attenuates oxidative stress in oxidatively challenged rats. Our data also demonstrate that rapamycin is a comparatively safe immunosuppressant drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Kumar Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, India
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, India
| | - Sandeep Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, India
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, India
| | - Geetika Garg
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, India
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, India
| | - Syed Ibrahim Rizvi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, India
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, India
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Functional Interactions between BK Caα-Subunit and Annexin A5: Implications in Apoptosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:1607092. [PMID: 27738490 PMCID: PMC5055951 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1607092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Proteomic studies have suggested a biochemical interaction between α subunit of the large conductance, voltage- and Ca2+-activated potassium channel (BKCaα), and annexin A5 (ANXA5), which we verify here by coimmunoprecipitation and double labelling immunocytochemistry. The observation that annexin is flipped to the outer membrane leaflet of the plasma membrane during apoptosis, together with the knowledge that the intracellular C-terminal of BKCaα contains both Ca2+-binding and a putative annexin-binding motif, prompted us to investigate the functional consequences of this protein partnership to cell death. Membrane biotinylation demonstrated that ANXA5 was flipped to the outer membrane leaflet of HEK 293 cells early in serum deprivation-evoked apoptosis. As expected, serum deprivation caused caspase-3/7 activation and this was accentuated in BKCaα expressing HEK 293 cells. The functional consequences of ANXA5 partnership with BKCaα were striking, with ANXA5 knockdown causing an increase and ANXA5 overexpression causing a decrease, in single BKCa channel Ca2+-sensitivity, measured in inside-out membrane patches by patch-clamp. Taken together, these data suggest a novel model of the early stages of apoptosis where membrane flippage results in removal of the inhibitory effect of ANXA5 on K+ channel activity with the consequent amplification of Ca2+ influx and augmented activation of caspases.
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Leucine alleviates dexamethasone-induced suppression of muscle protein synthesis via synergy involvement of mTOR and AMPK pathways. Biosci Rep 2016; 36:BSR20160096. [PMID: 27129299 PMCID: PMC5293580 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20160096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Both mTOR and AMPK pathways are involved in the DEX-induced suppression of protein synthesis in muscle cells. Leucine supplementation relieves DEX-induced inhibition on protein synthesis by evoking mTOR and suppressing AMPK pathway. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are negative muscle protein regulators that contribute to the whole-body catabolic state during stress. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-signalling pathway, which acts as a central regulator of protein metabolism, can be activated by branched-chain amino acids (BCAA). In the present study, the effect of leucine on the suppression of protein synthesis induced by GCs and the pathway involved were investigated. In vitro experiments were conducted using cultured C2C12 myoblasts to study the effect of GCs on protein synthesis, and the involvement of mTOR pathway was investigated as well. After exposure to dexamethasone (DEX, 100 μmol/l) for 24 h, protein synthesis in muscle cells was significantly suppressed (P<0.05), the phosphorylations of mTOR, ribosomal protein S6 protein kinase 1 (p70s6k1) and eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding protein 1 (4EBP1) were significantly reduced (P<0.05). Leucine supplementation (5 mmol/l, 10 mmol/l and 15 mmol/l) for 1 h alleviated the suppression of protein synthesis induced by DEX (P<0.05) and was accompanied with the increased phosphorylation of mTOR and decreased phosphorylation of AMPK (P<0.05). Branched-chain amino transferase 2 (BCAT2) mRNA level was not influenced by DEX (P>0.05) but was increased by leucine supplementation at a dose of 5 mmol/l (P<0.05).
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Signoretto E, Zierle J, Bhuyan AAM, Castagna M, Lang F. Ceranib-2-induced suicidal erythrocyte death. Cell Biochem Funct 2016; 34:359-66. [PMID: 27291470 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Ceramide is known to trigger apoptosis of nucleated cells and eryptosis of erythrocytes. Eryptosis is characterized by cell shrinkage and cell membrane scrambling with phosphatidylserine translocation to the erythrocyte surface. Besides ceramide, stimulators of eryptosis include increase of cytosolic Ca(2+) -activity ([Ca(2+) ]i ) and oxidative stress. Ceramide is degraded by acid ceramidase and inhibition of the enzyme similarly triggers apoptosis. The present study explored, whether ceramidase inhibitor Ceranib-2 induces eryptosis. Flow cytometry was employed to quantify phosphatidylserine-exposure at the cell surface from annexin-V-binding, cell volume from forward scatter, [Ca(2+) ]i from Fluo3-fluorescence, reactive oxygen species (ROS) from DCF dependent fluorescence, and ceramide abundance utilizing specific antibodies. Hemolysis was estimated from hemoglobin concentration in the supernatant. A 48 h exposure of human erythrocytes to Ceranib-2 significantly increased the percentage of annexin-V-binding cells (≥50 μM) and the percentage of hemolytic cells (≥10 μM) without significantly modifying forward scatter. Ceranib-2 significantly increased Fluo3-fluorescence, DCF fluorescence and ceramide abundance. The effect of Ceranib-2 on annexin-V-binding was not significantly blunted by removal of extracellular Ca(2+) . Ceranib-2 triggers phospholipid scrambling of the erythrocyte cell membrane, an effect at least in part due to increase of ceramide abundance and induction of oxidative stress, but not dependent on Ca(2+) entry. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Signoretto
- Departments of Physiology and Cardiology & Cardiovascular Medicine, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Jens Zierle
- Departments of Physiology and Cardiology & Cardiovascular Medicine, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Abdulla Al Mamun Bhuyan
- Departments of Physiology and Cardiology & Cardiovascular Medicine, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Michela Castagna
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Florian Lang
- Departments of Physiology and Cardiology & Cardiovascular Medicine, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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47
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Mattheij NJA, Braun A, van Kruchten R, Castoldi E, Pircher J, Baaten CCFMJ, Wülling M, Kuijpers MJE, Köhler R, Poole AW, Schreiber R, Vortkamp A, Collins PW, Nieswandt B, Kunzelmann K, Cosemans JMEM, Heemskerk JWM. Survival protein anoctamin-6 controls multiple platelet responses including phospholipid scrambling, swelling, and protein cleavage. FASEB J 2016; 30:727-37. [PMID: 26481309 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-280446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Scott syndrome is a rare bleeding disorder, characterized by altered Ca(2+)-dependent platelet signaling with defective phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure and microparticle formation, and is linked to mutations in the ANO6 gene, encoding anoctamin (Ano)6. We investigated how the complex platelet phenotype of this syndrome is linked to defective expression of Anos or other ion channels. Mice were generated with heterozygous of homozygous deficiency in Ano6, Ano1, or Ca(2+)-dependent KCa3.1 Gardos channel. Platelets from these mice were extensively analyzed on molecular functions and compared with platelets from a patient with Scott syndrome. Deficiency in Ano1 or Gardos channel did not reduce platelet responses compared with control mice (P > 0.1). In 2 mouse strains, deficiency in Ano6 resulted in reduced viability with increased bleeding time to 28.6 min (control 6.4 min, P < 0.05). Platelets from the surviving Ano6-deficient mice resembled platelets from patients with Scott syndrome in: 1) normal collagen-induced aggregate formation (P > 0.05) with reduced PS exposure (-65 to 90%); 2) lowered Ca(2+)-dependent swelling (-80%) and membrane blebbing (-90%); 3) reduced calpain-dependent protein cleavage (-60%); and 4) moderately affected apoptosis-dependent PS exposure. In conclusion, mouse deficiency of Ano6 but not of other channels affects viability and phenocopies the complex changes in platelets from hemostatically impaired patients with Scott syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine J A Mattheij
- *Department of Cell Biochemistry of Thrombosis and Haemostasis Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine and German Centre of Cardiovascular Research, Munich Heart Alliance, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany; Department of Developmental Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Aragon Institute of Health Sciences I+CS/IIS and ARAID, Zaragoza, Spain; School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; **Arthur Bloom Haemophilia Centre, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Attila Braun
- *Department of Cell Biochemistry of Thrombosis and Haemostasis Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine and German Centre of Cardiovascular Research, Munich Heart Alliance, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany; Department of Developmental Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Aragon Institute of Health Sciences I+CS/IIS and ARAID, Zaragoza, Spain; School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; **Arthur Bloom Haemophilia Centre, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Roger van Kruchten
- *Department of Cell Biochemistry of Thrombosis and Haemostasis Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine and German Centre of Cardiovascular Research, Munich Heart Alliance, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany; Department of Developmental Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Aragon Institute of Health Sciences I+CS/IIS and ARAID, Zaragoza, Spain; School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; **Arthur Bloom Haemophilia Centre, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Elisabetta Castoldi
- *Department of Cell Biochemistry of Thrombosis and Haemostasis Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine and German Centre of Cardiovascular Research, Munich Heart Alliance, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany; Department of Developmental Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Aragon Institute of Health Sciences I+CS/IIS and ARAID, Zaragoza, Spain; School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; **Arthur Bloom Haemophilia Centre, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Joachim Pircher
- *Department of Cell Biochemistry of Thrombosis and Haemostasis Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine and German Centre of Cardiovascular Research, Munich Heart Alliance, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany; Department of Developmental Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Aragon Institute of Health Sciences I+CS/IIS and ARAID, Zaragoza, Spain; School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; **Arthur Bloom Haemophilia Centre, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Constance C F M J Baaten
- *Department of Cell Biochemistry of Thrombosis and Haemostasis Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine and German Centre of Cardiovascular Research, Munich Heart Alliance, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany; Department of Developmental Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Aragon Institute of Health Sciences I+CS/IIS and ARAID, Zaragoza, Spain; School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; **Arthur Bloom Haemophilia Centre, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Manuela Wülling
- *Department of Cell Biochemistry of Thrombosis and Haemostasis Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine and German Centre of Cardiovascular Research, Munich Heart Alliance, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany; Department of Developmental Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Aragon Institute of Health Sciences I+CS/IIS and ARAID, Zaragoza, Spain; School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; **Arthur Bloom Haemophilia Centre, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Marijke J E Kuijpers
- *Department of Cell Biochemistry of Thrombosis and Haemostasis Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine and German Centre of Cardiovascular Research, Munich Heart Alliance, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany; Department of Developmental Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Aragon Institute of Health Sciences I+CS/IIS and ARAID, Zaragoza, Spain; School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; **Arthur Bloom Haemophilia Centre, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Ralf Köhler
- *Department of Cell Biochemistry of Thrombosis and Haemostasis Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine and German Centre of Cardiovascular Research, Munich Heart Alliance, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany; Department of Developmental Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Aragon Institute of Health Sciences I+CS/IIS and ARAID, Zaragoza, Spain; School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; **Arthur Bloom Haemophilia Centre, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Alastair W Poole
- *Department of Cell Biochemistry of Thrombosis and Haemostasis Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine and German Centre of Cardiovascular Research, Munich Heart Alliance, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany; Department of Developmental Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Aragon Institute of Health Sciences I+CS/IIS and ARAID, Zaragoza, Spain; School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; **Arthur Bloom Haemophilia Centre, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Rainer Schreiber
- *Department of Cell Biochemistry of Thrombosis and Haemostasis Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine and German Centre of Cardiovascular Research, Munich Heart Alliance, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany; Department of Developmental Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Aragon Institute of Health Sciences I+CS/IIS and ARAID, Zaragoza, Spain; School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; **Arthur Bloom Haemophilia Centre, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Vortkamp
- *Department of Cell Biochemistry of Thrombosis and Haemostasis Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine and German Centre of Cardiovascular Research, Munich Heart Alliance, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany; Department of Developmental Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Aragon Institute of Health Sciences I+CS/IIS and ARAID, Zaragoza, Spain; School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; **Arthur Bloom Haemophilia Centre, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Peter W Collins
- *Department of Cell Biochemistry of Thrombosis and Haemostasis Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine and German Centre of Cardiovascular Research, Munich Heart Alliance, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany; Department of Developmental Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Aragon Institute of Health Sciences I+CS/IIS and ARAID, Zaragoza, Spain; School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; **Arthur Bloom Haemophilia Centre, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- *Department of Cell Biochemistry of Thrombosis and Haemostasis Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine and German Centre of Cardiovascular Research, Munich Heart Alliance, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany; Department of Developmental Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Aragon Institute of Health Sciences I+CS/IIS and ARAID, Zaragoza, Spain; School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; **Arthur Bloom Haemophilia Centre, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Karl Kunzelmann
- *Department of Cell Biochemistry of Thrombosis and Haemostasis Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine and German Centre of Cardiovascular Research, Munich Heart Alliance, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany; Department of Developmental Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Aragon Institute of Health Sciences I+CS/IIS and ARAID, Zaragoza, Spain; School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; **Arthur Bloom Haemophilia Centre, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Judith M E M Cosemans
- *Department of Cell Biochemistry of Thrombosis and Haemostasis Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine and German Centre of Cardiovascular Research, Munich Heart Alliance, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany; Department of Developmental Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Aragon Institute of Health Sciences I+CS/IIS and ARAID, Zaragoza, Spain; School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; **Arthur Bloom Haemophilia Centre, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Johan W M Heemskerk
- *Department of Cell Biochemistry of Thrombosis and Haemostasis Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine and German Centre of Cardiovascular Research, Munich Heart Alliance, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany; Department of Developmental Biology, Centre for Medical Biotechnology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg-Essen, Germany; Aragon Institute of Health Sciences I+CS/IIS and ARAID, Zaragoza, Spain; School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; Institute of Physiology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; **Arthur Bloom Haemophilia Centre, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
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48
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Waibel S, Bissinger R, Bouguerra G, Abbès S, Lang F. Ritonavir-Induced Suicidal Death of Human Erythrocytes. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2016; 119:51-7. [DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Waibel
- Department of Physiology; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - Rosi Bissinger
- Department of Physiology; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - Ghada Bouguerra
- Department of Physiology; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
- Molecular & Cellular Hematology Laboratory; Pasteur Institute of Tunis; University of Tunis-El Manar; El Manar Tunisia
| | - Salem Abbès
- Molecular & Cellular Hematology Laboratory; Pasteur Institute of Tunis; University of Tunis-El Manar; El Manar Tunisia
| | - Florian Lang
- Department of Physiology; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
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49
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Officioso A, Manna C, Alzoubi K, Lang F. Bromfenvinphos induced suicidal death of human erythrocytes. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 126:58-63. [PMID: 26778435 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2015.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The organophosphorus pesticide bromfenvinphos ((E,Z)-O,O-diethyl-O-[1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-bromovinyl] phosphate) has been shown to decrease hematocrit and hemoglobin levels in blood presumably by triggering oxidative stress of erythrocytes. Oxidative stress is known to activate erythrocytic Ca(2+) permeable unselective cation channels leading to Ca(2+) entry and increase of cytosolic Ca(2+) activity ([Ca(2+)]i), which in turn triggers eryptosis, the suicidal death characterized by cell shrinkage and cell membrane scrambling with phosphatidylserine translocation to the erythrocyte surface. The present study explored, whether and how bromfenvinphos induces eryptosis. To this end, phosphatidylserine exposure at the cell surface was estimated from annexin-V-binding, cell volume from forward scatter, hemolysis from hemoglobin release, [Ca(2+)]i from Fluo3-fluorescence, and ROS formation from DCFDA dependent fluorescence. As a result, a 48hour exposure of human erythrocytes to bromfenvinphos (≥100μM) significantly increased the percentage of annexin-V-binding cells, significantly decreased forward scatter, significantly increased Fluo3-fluorescence, and significantly increased DCFDA fluorescence. The effect of bromfenvinphos on annexin-V-binding and forward scatter was significantly blunted, but not abolished by removal of extracellular Ca(2+). In conclusion, bromfenvinphos triggers cell shrinkage and phospholipid scrambling of the erythrocyte cell membrane, an effect in part due to stimulation of ROS formation and Ca(2+) entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arbace Officioso
- Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, Gmelinstr. 5, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, School of Medicine and Surgery, Second University of Naples, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Caterina Manna
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, School of Medicine and Surgery, Second University of Naples, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Kousi Alzoubi
- Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, Gmelinstr. 5, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Florian Lang
- Department of Physiology, University of Tübingen, Gmelinstr. 5, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
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50
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Lang E, Bissinger R, Gulbins E, Lang F. Ceramide in the regulation of eryptosis, the suicidal erythrocyte death. Apoptosis 2015; 20:758-67. [PMID: 25637185 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-015-1094-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Similar to apoptosis of nucleated cells, erythrocytes may undergo eryptosis, a suicidal death characterized by cell shrinkage and phospholipid scrambling of the cell membrane leading to phosphatidylserine exposure at the cell surface. As eryptotic erythrocytes are rapidly cleared from circulating blood, excessive eryptosis may lead to anemia. Moreover, eryptotic erythrocytes may adhere to the vascular wall and thus impede microcirculation. Stimulators of eryptosis include osmotic shock, oxidative stress and energy depletion. Mechanisms involved in the stimulation eryptosis include ceramide formation which may result from phospholipase A2 dependent formation of platelet activating factor (PAF) with PAF dependent stimulation of sphingomyelinases. Enhanced erythrocytic ceramide formation is observed in fever, sepsis, HUS, uremia, hepatic failure, and Wilson's disease. Enhanced eryptosis is further observed in iron deficiency, phosphate depletion, dehydration, malignancy, malaria, sickle-cell anemia, beta-thalassemia and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficiency. Moreover, eryptosis is triggered by osmotic shock and a wide variety of xenobiotics, which are again partially effective by enhancing ceramide abundance. Ceramide formation is inhibited by high concentrations of urea. As shown in Wilson's disease, pharmacological interference with ceramide formation may be a therapeutic option in the treatment of eryptosis inducing clinical disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Lang
- Department of Physiology, University of Tuebingen, Gmelinstr. 5, 72076, Tuebingen, Germany
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