1
|
Liu L, Xue W. Thalidomide suppresses migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells by inhibiting HOXB7-mediated activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 103:e14434. [PMID: 38230780 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Heaps of studies have verified the effects of thalidomide (THA) on colorectal cancer (CRC). Howbeit, the corresponding mechanism awaits illustration, which is the foothold of this study. Following the treatment of 0, 1.94, 7.75, or 19.36 μM THA, CRC cell viability, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were evaluated by methyl tetrazolium, flow cytometry, wound-healing, and transwell assays. Homeobox B7 (HOXB7) expression in CRC was analyzed and detected by bioinformatics analysis, quantitative real-time PCR or western blot. After the corresponding transfection or treatment with inhibitor of catenin-responsive transcription-3 (iCRT-3), abovementioned CRC cell biological behaviors as well as expression levels of HOXB7 and β-catenin were evaluated. 7.75 and 19.36 μM THA dwindled CRC cell viability, migration, and invasion, and facilitated apoptosis. HOXB7 upregulation was detected in CRC cells, which promoted the viability, migration, invasion, and β-catenin expression, and weakened the apoptosis of CRC cells. Also, HOXB7 upregulation counteracted the effects of THA on CRC cells. iCRT-3 restrained β-catenin expression, viability, migration, and invasion, whereas promoting the apoptosis of CRC cells. In addition, iCRT-3 antagonized the effects of overexpressed HOXB7 on CRC cells. THA inhibits the migration and invasion of CRC cells, which is achieved by suppressing HOXB7-mediated activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Liu
- Department of Anoretal, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wusong Xue
- Department of Anoretal, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jin Q, Xu L, Wang J, Lin J, Lin H. Pan-cancer analysis of Homeobox B9 as a predictor for prognosis and immunotherapy in human tumors. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:204785. [PMID: 37301547 PMCID: PMC10292867 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although several animal and cell studies have described the association between HOXB9 and cancers, there is no pan-cancer investigation of HOXB9. In this article, we explored the expression levels and prognosis of HOXB9 in pan-cancer. We evaluated the correlation of HOXB9 expression level with the efficacy of immunotherapy. METHODS We conducted a survival analysis of HOXB9 in various types of cancer using publicly available databases. We also examined the relationship between HOXB9 expression levels and several factors including prognosis, immune infiltration, immune checkpoint genes, tumor mutational burden, microsatellite instability, mismatch repair, and DNA methylation. TIMER2.0 tool was conducted to explore the immune cell infiltrations related to HOXB9 in this analysis. RESULTS It was discovered through a comprehensive analysis of multiple public datasets that HOXB9 expression was highly expressed in most tumor tissues and cancer cell lines and that distinct associations exist between HOXB9 expression and tumor patient prognosis. Besides, HOXB9 expression was closely associated with immune cell infiltration and checkpoint genes in many cancers. Further, HOXB9 was associated with immune cell infiltration, TMB, MSI, MMR, and DNA methylation. It was also confirmed that HOXB9 was highly expressed in clinical GBM tissues. Experiments further revealed that knockdown of HOXB9 expression could suppress proliferation, migration, and invasion of glioma cells. CONCLUSIONS The results revealed that HOXB9, a robust tumor biomarker, has a significant prognostic value. HOXB9 may act as a new predictor to assess cancer prognosis and therapeutic efficacy of the immune in various cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingdong Jin
- The School of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Putian City, Putian, Fujian Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Translational Tumor Medicine in Fujian Province, Putian University, Putian, Fujian Province, China
| | - Li Xu
- Key Laboratory of Translational Tumor Medicine in Fujian Province, Putian University, Putian, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Putian City, Putian, Fujian Province, China
| | - Junling Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Putian City, Putian, Fujian Province, China
| | - Huang Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Putian City, Putian, Fujian Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Alyoussef A. Investigation of the Ability of Crocin to Treat Skin Cancer Chemically Induced in Mice via the Inhibition of the Wnt/β-Catenin and Fibrotic Pathway. Cureus 2023; 15:e38596. [PMID: 37284388 PMCID: PMC10239655 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.38596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Wnt pathway is a major pathway in the pathogenesis of skin cancer. Moreover, crocin is one of the carotenoid compounds present in the flowers of gardenia and crocus. Crocin is responsible for the characteristic color of saffron. Aims This study was conducted to discover the therapeutic effects of crocin against skin cancer induced in mice by blocking the Wnt pathway with subsequent effects on inflammation and fibrosis. Methods For the induction of skin cancer in mice, the application of DMBA and Croton oil was used. The dorsal skin was used for the evaluation of the gene and protein expression of TGF-β, SMAD, Wnt, β-catenin, TNF-α, and NFκB. Part of the skin is stained with Mallory trichrome. Results The use of crocin for treating skin cancer mice significantly reduced both the number of tumors and the number of scratches. In addition, crocin inhibited epidermal hyperplasia. Finally, crocin reduced the gene expression and protein levels of Wnt, β-catenin, SMAD, NFκB; TGF-β and TNF-α. Conclusions Crocin produced therapeutic effects against skin cancer induced in mice by blocking the expression of Wnt followed by blocking the pro-inflammatory pathway through downregulation of NFκB and TNF-α. In addition, crocin blocked the fibrosis pathway via the downregulation of TGF-β.
Collapse
|
4
|
Ji J, Xiong C, Peng J, Zhang N, Zhang Y, Yang H, Zhu W. Circ_0068631 sponges miR-139-5p to promote the growth and metastasis of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma by upregulating HOXB7. Skin Res Technol 2023; 29:e13248. [PMID: 36823512 PMCID: PMC10155854 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are often dysregulated in cancers and closely related to cancer progression, including cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). However, the role and mechanism of circ_0068631 in CSCC progression have not been reported. METHODS The expression of circ_0068631, microRNA-139-5p (miR-139-5p), and homeobox B7 (HOXB7) was measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay, and colony formation assay were used to measure cell proliferation. Cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry. Cell migration was detected by transwell assay. The interaction between miR-139-5p and circ_0068631 or HOXB7 was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. A xenograft tumor model was established to confirm the function of circ_0068631 in vivo. RESULTS Circ_0068631 was upregulated in CSCC tissues and cells, and its silencing could inhibit CSCC cell proliferation and metastasis while promoting apoptosis in vitro, as well as restrain CSCC tumor growth in vivo. Circ_0068631 acted as a sponge of miR-139-5p, and miR-139-5p inhibition reversed the repressive effect of circ_0068631 knockdown on CSCC cell progression. Furthermore, HOXB7 was a target of miR-139-5p, and miR-139-5p inhibited the malignant behaviors by downregulating HOXB7 expression in CSCC cells. Further, circ_0068631 sponged miR-139-5p to regulate HOXB7 expression. CONCLUSION Circ_0068631 functioned as a novel oncogene in CSCC progression by regulating miR-139-5p/HOXB7 axis, suggesting that circ_0068631 may be a potential target for CSCC treatment. HIGHLIGHTS Circ_0068631 was overexpressed in CSCC tissues and cells. Circ_0068631 downregulation suppressed CSCC progression via miR-139-5p. Circ_0068631 regulated HOXB7 via sponging miR-139-5p.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ji
- Department of DermatologyThe First College of Clinical Medical ScienceChina Three Gorges UniversityYichangChina
- Department of DermatologyYichang Central People's HospitalYichangChina
| | - Chengcheng Xiong
- Department of DermatologyThe First College of Clinical Medical ScienceChina Three Gorges UniversityYichangChina
- Department of DermatologyYichang Central People's HospitalYichangChina
| | - Jing Peng
- Department of DermatologyThe First College of Clinical Medical ScienceChina Three Gorges UniversityYichangChina
- Department of DermatologyYichang Central People's HospitalYichangChina
| | - Niannian Zhang
- Department of DermatologyThe First College of Clinical Medical ScienceChina Three Gorges UniversityYichangChina
- Department of DermatologyYichang Central People's HospitalYichangChina
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of DermatologyThe First College of Clinical Medical ScienceChina Three Gorges UniversityYichangChina
- Department of DermatologyYichang Central People's HospitalYichangChina
| | - Honghong Yang
- Department of DermatologyThe First College of Clinical Medical ScienceChina Three Gorges UniversityYichangChina
- Department of DermatologyYichang Central People's HospitalYichangChina
| | - Wenwen Zhu
- Department of DermatologyThe First College of Clinical Medical ScienceChina Three Gorges UniversityYichangChina
- Department of DermatologyYichang Central People's HospitalYichangChina
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Circ-GSK3B up-regulates GSK3B to suppress the progression of lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Gene Ther 2022; 29:1761-1772. [PMID: 35821283 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-022-00489-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
GSK3B is the mRNA form of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3β), which is a critical repressor of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and generally inhibited in cancer cells. Plenty of researches have disclosed that circular RNAs, namely circRNAs exert important functions in the progression of various human malignancies including lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Therefore, we attempted to explore whether there existed certain circRNAs that could mediate LUAD development by regulating GSK3B expression and Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In the present research, circ-GSK3B (hsa_circ_0066903) was found to be significantly down-regulated in LUAD tissues and cells and it suppressed the proliferation, migration and stemness of LUAD cells. Furthermore, it was discovered that circ-GSK3B competitively sponged miR-3681-3p and miR-3909 to elevate GSK3B expression. Circ-GSK3B could impair the binding ability of FKBP51 to GSK-3β to inhibit the phosphorylation of GSK-3βS9, resulting in the inactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. In addition, the regulatory effect of circ-GSK3B on LUAD tumorigenesis and cell progression was testified through in vitro and in vivo rescue experiments. In conclusion, circ-GSK3B suppressed LUAD development through up-regulating and activating GSK3B.
Collapse
|
6
|
Warrick E, Duval C, Nouveau S, Piffaut V, Bourreau E, Bastien P, de Lacharrière O, Morita A, Bernerd F. Actinic lentigines from Japanese and European volunteers share similar impaired biological functions. J Dermatol Sci 2022; 107:8-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
7
|
Sheng J, Zhou M, Wang C, Jia J, Chu J, Ju C, Wan J, He J, He F. Long non-coding RNA BBOX1-AS1 exacerbates esophageal squamous cell carcinoma development by regulating HOXB7/β-catenin axis. Exp Cell Res 2022; 415:113117. [PMID: 35351402 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs play a critical role in the occurrence and development of human malignancies. Nonetheless, it remains unknown whether Gamma-Butyrobetaine Hydroxylase 1-Antisense RNA 1 (BBOX1-AS1) participates in the regulation of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) carcinogenesis. Herein, we validated that BBOX1-AS1 was notably overexpressed in ESCC tissues compared to the adjacent non-tumor tissues and significantly correlated with tumor sizes. BBOX1-AS1 enhanced the malignant behavior of ESCC cells in vitro, such as cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In addition, knockdown of BBOX1-AS1 augmented the proportion of apoptotic cells in ESCC cells. Mechanistically, BBOX1-AS1 regulated HOXB7 expression, and rescue experiments indicated that silencing of HOXB7 could abolish the malignant phenotypes mediated by BBOX1-AS1 to a certain extent. Moreover, HOXB7 participated in the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. In summary, our findings substantiated that BBOX1-AS1 could activate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway by upregulating HOXB7 expression to promote ESCC progression, providing a rationale to develop novel therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinxiu Sheng
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China; Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Mingxia Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Chang Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China; Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Jinlin Jia
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China; Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Jie Chu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China; Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Chenxi Ju
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China; Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Junhu Wan
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China; Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
| | - Jing He
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
| | - Fucheng He
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China; Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer: A Genetic Update and Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14102371. [PMID: 35625975 PMCID: PMC9139429 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the main type of cancer in the Caucasian population, and the number of cases continues to rise. Research mostly focuses on clinical characteristics analysis, but genetic features are crucial to malignancies’ establishment and advance. We aim to explore the genetic basics of skin cancer, surrounding microenvironment interactions, and regulation mechanisms to provide a broader perspective for new therapies’ development. Abstract Skin cancer is one of the main types of cancer worldwide, and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most frequent within this group. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are the most common types. Multifactorial features are well-known for cancer development, and new hallmarks are gaining relevance. Genetics and epigenetic regulation play an essential role in cancer susceptibility and progression, as well as the variety of cells and molecules that interact in the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we provide an update on the genetic features of NMSC, candidate genes, and new therapies, considering diverse perspectives of skin carcinogenesis. The global health situation and the pandemic have been challenging for health care systems, especially in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with cancer. We provide innovative approaches to overcome the difficulties in the current clinical dynamics.
Collapse
|
9
|
Morgan R, Hunter K, Pandha HS. Downstream of the HOX genes: explaining conflicting tumour suppressor and oncogenic functions in cancer. Int J Cancer 2022; 150:1919-1932. [PMID: 35080776 PMCID: PMC9304284 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The HOX genes are a highly conserved group of transcription factors that have key roles in early development, but which are also highly expressed in most cancers. Many studies have found strong associative relationships between the expression of individual HOX genes in tumours and clinical parameters including survival. For the majority of HOX genes, high tumour expression levels seem to be associated with a worse outcome for patients, and in some cases this has been shown to result from the activation of pro-oncogenic genes and pathways. However, there are also many studies that indicate a tumour suppressor role for some HOX genes, sometimes with conclusions that contradict earlier work. In this review, we have attempted to clarify the role of HOX genes in cancer by focusing on their downstream targets as identified in studies that provide experimental evidence for their activation or repression. On this basis, the majority of HOX genes would appear to have a pro-oncogenic function, with the notable exception of HOXD10, which acts exclusively as a tumour suppressor. HOX proteins regulate a wide range of target genes involved in metastasis, cell death, proliferation, and angiogenesis, and activate key cell signalling pathways. Furthermore, for some functionally related targets, this regulation is achieved by a relatively small subgroup of HOX genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Morgan
- School of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of West LondonLondonUK
| | - Keith Hunter
- Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Clinical DentistryUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Hardev S. Pandha
- Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of SurreyGuildfordUK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Molecular implications of HOX genes targeting multiple signaling pathways in cancer. Cell Biol Toxicol 2021; 38:1-30. [PMID: 34617205 PMCID: PMC8789642 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-021-09657-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Homeobox (HOX) genes encode highly conserved homeotic transcription factors that play a crucial role in organogenesis and tissue homeostasis. Their deregulation impacts the function of several regulatory molecules contributing to tumor initiation and progression. A functional bridge exists between altered gene expression of individual HOX genes and tumorigenesis. This review focuses on how deregulation in the HOX-associated signaling pathways contributes to the metastatic progression in cancer. We discuss their functional significance, clinical implications and ascertain their role as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in the various cancer types. Besides, the mechanism of understanding the theoretical underpinning that affects HOX-mediated therapy resistance in cancers has been outlined. The knowledge gained shall pave the way for newer insights into the treatment of cancer.
Collapse
|
11
|
Lei D, Yang WT, Zheng PS. HOXB4 inhibits the proliferation and tumorigenesis of cervical cancer cells by downregulating the activity of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:105. [PMID: 33479226 PMCID: PMC7820415 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03411-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Homeobox B4 (HOXB4), which belongs to the homeobox (HOX) family, possesses transcription factor activity and has a crucial role in stem cell self-renewal and tumorigenesis. However, its biological function and exact mechanism in cervical cancer remain unknown. Here, we found that HOXB4 was markedly downregulated in cervical cancer. We demonstrated that HOXB4 obviously suppressed cervical cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenic potential in nude mice. Additionally, HOXB4-induced cell cycle arrest at the transition from the G0/G1 phase to the S phase. Conversely, loss of HOXB4 promoted cervical cancer cell growth both in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatics analyses and mechanistic studies revealed that HOXB4 inhibited the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by direct transcriptional repression of β-catenin. Furthermore, β-catenin re-expression rescued HOXB4-induced cervical cancer cell defects. Taken together, these findings suggested that HOXB4 directly transcriptional repressed β-catenin and subsequently inactivated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, leading to significant inhibition of cervical cancer cell growth and tumor formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Lei
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Ting Yang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Sheng Zheng
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China. .,Section of Cancer Stem Cell Research, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, 710061, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Francis JC, Gardiner JR, Renaud Y, Chauhan R, Weinstein Y, Gomez-Sanchez C, Lefrançois-Martinez AM, Bertherat J, Val P, Swain A. HOX genes promote cell proliferation and are potential therapeutic targets in adrenocortical tumours. Br J Cancer 2020; 124:805-816. [PMID: 33214683 PMCID: PMC7884796 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-01166-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding the pathways that drive adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is essential to the development of more effective therapies. This study investigates the role of the transcription factor HOXB9 and other HOX factors in ACC and its treatment. Methods We used transgenic mouse models to determine the role of Hoxb9 in adrenal tumour development. Patient transcriptomic data was analysed for the expression of HOX genes and their association with disease. Drug response studies on various adrenocortical models were done to establish novel therapeutic options. Results Our human ACC dataset analyses showed high expression of HOXB9, and other HOX factors, are associated with poorer prognosis. Transgenic overexpression of Hoxb9 in the adrenal cortex of mice with activated Ctnnb1 led to larger adrenal tumours. This phenotype was preferentially observed in male mice and was characterised by more proliferating cells and an increase in the expression of cell cycle genes, including Ccne1. Adrenal tumour cells were found to be dependent on HOX function for survival and were sensitive to a specific peptide inhibitor. Conclusions These studies show Hoxb9 can promote adrenal tumour progression in a sex-dependent manner and have identified HOX factors as potential drug targets, leading to novel therapeutic approaches in ACC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey C Francis
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London, UK
| | - Jennifer R Gardiner
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London, UK
| | - Yoan Renaud
- Genétique Reproduction & Développement, CNRS UMR 6293, Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63001, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Ritika Chauhan
- Tumour Profiling Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London, UK
| | - Yacob Weinstein
- The Shraga Segal Dept. of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Celso Gomez-Sanchez
- Division of Endocrinology, Medical Service, G.V. (Sonny) Montgomery VA Medical Center, 1500 E. Woodrow Wilson Dr, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA
| | - Anne-Marie Lefrançois-Martinez
- Genétique Reproduction & Développement, CNRS UMR 6293, Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63001, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jérôme Bertherat
- Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Université Paris Descartes, UMR-S1016, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Val
- Genétique Reproduction & Développement, CNRS UMR 6293, Inserm U1103, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63001, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Amanda Swain
- Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Luan Y, Xie B, Wei W. REST-repressed lncRNA NPPA-AS1 regulates cervical cancer progression by modulating miR-302e/DKK1/Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. J Cell Biochem 2020; 122:16-28. [PMID: 32965043 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), a group of transcripts, have been revealed to be critical participants in regulating multiple biological processes of malignant tumors. The knowledge of NPPA-AS1 (a new lncRNA) in cancer research is hardly known. Thus, it is of urgent need to study the underlying role of NPPA antisense RNA 1 (NPPA-AS1) in cervical cancer (CC). In this study, NPPA-AS1 was discovered to be lowly expressed and upregulation of it impaired cell proliferation and migration in CC. Besides, downregulation of it led to opposite results. Molecular mechanism assays uncovered that increased expression of NPPA-AS1 could inactivate Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in CC. In addition, NPPA-AS1 was found to negatively interact with miR-302e whereas positively correlate with dickkopf-1 (DKK1, an inhibitor of Wnt pathway) in CC. Besides, loss of function assay illuminated that miR-302e inhibition restrained cell proliferation and migration in CC. Subsequent rescue assays confirmed that NPPA-AS1 acted as a competing endogenous RNA in CC by sponging miR-302e to upregulate DKK1 expression. Finally, the RE-1 silencing transcription factor (REST) was testified to function as a transcription suppressor of NPPA-AS1 in CC. In brief, REST-repressed NPPA-AS1 regulates CC progression by modulating miR-302e/DKK1/Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Luan
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bin Xie
- School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenbin Wei
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Lab, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang Z, Jia M, Wen C, He A, Ma Z. Long non-coding RNA SCARNA2 induces cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma progression via modulating miR-342-3p expression. J Gene Med 2020; 22:e3242. [PMID: 32558970 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in the progression of tumors. However, the function and expression of SCARNA2 in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is still unreported. METHODS A quantitative polymerase chain reaction was applied to study the expression of SCARNA2 and miR-342-3p. Cell counting kit-8, flow cytometry and transwell assays were performed to study cell growth, cycle and cell invasion. RESULTS We found that SCARNA2 expression is up-regulated in cSCC cell lines and SCARNA2 expression is higher in cSCC tissues than in adjacent non-tumor specimens. Ectopic expression of SCARNA2 promoted cell growth, cell cycle and invasion in SCC13 cells. In addition, the data indicate that miR-342-3p expression is down-regulated in cSCC cell lines and miR-342-3p is down-regulated in cSCC tissues compared to adjacent non-tumor specimens. We showed that the SCARNA2 expression is negatively associated with miR-342-3p in cSCC. Moreover, we noted that SCARNA2 sponges miR-342-3p expression in cSCC cells. Overexpression of SCARNA2 suppressed the miR-342-3p expressed in SCC13 cells. We found that elevated expression of SCARNA2 promotes cell growth, cell cycle and invasion via regulating miR-342-3p expression in SCC13 cells. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that SCARNA2 acts in an oncogenic role and may be a potential target for cSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongzhao Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guizhou, 550001, China
| | - Min Jia
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guizhou, 550001, China
| | - Changhui Wen
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guizhou, 550001, China
| | - Aijuan He
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guizhou, 550001, China
| | - Zunfeng Ma
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guizhou, 550001, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang Y, Le Y, Bu P, Cheng X. Regulation of Hox and ParaHox genes by perfluorochemicals in mouse liver. Toxicology 2020; 441:152521. [PMID: 32534105 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2020.152521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Homeobox (Hox) genes encode homeodomain proteins, which play important roles in the development and morphological diversification of organisms including plants and animals. Perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs), which are well recognized industrial pollutants and universally detected in human and wildlife, interfere with animal development. In addition, PFCs produce a number of hepatic adverse effects, such as hepatomegaly and dyslipidemia. Homeodomain proteins profoundly contribute to liver regeneration. Hox genes serve as either oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes during target organ carcinogenesis. However, to date, no study investigated whether PFCs regulate expression of Hox genes. This study was designed to determine the regulation of Hox (including Hox-a to -d subfamily members) and paraHox [including GS homeobox (Gsx), pancreatic and duodenal homeobox (Pdx), and caudal-related homeobox (Cdx) family members] genes by PFCs including perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) in mouse liver. 46.4 mg/kg PFNA induced mRNA expression of Hoxa5, b7, c5, d10 and Pdx1 in wild-type and CAR-null mouse livers, but not in PPARα-null mouse livers, indicating a PPARα-dependent manner. PFOA, PFNA, and PFDA all induced mRNA expression of Hoxa5, b7, c5, d10, Pdx1 and Zeb2 in wild-type but not PPARα-null mouse livers. In addition, in Nrf2-null mouse livers, PFNA continued to increase mRNA expression of Hoxa5 and Pdx1, but not Hoxb7, c5 or d10. Furthermore, Wy14643, a classical PPARα agonist, induced mRNA expression of Hoxb7 and c5 in wild-type but not PPARα-null mouse livers. However, Wy14643 did not induce mRNA expression of Hoxa5, d10 or Pdx1 in either wild-type or PPARα-null mouse livers. TCPOBOP, a classical mouse CAR agonist, increased mRNA expression of Hoxb7, c5 and d10 but not Hoxa5 or Pdx1 in mouse livers. Moreover, PFNA decreased cytoplasmic and nuclear Hoxb7 protein levels in mouse livers. However, PFNA increased cytoplasmic Hoxc5 protein level but decreased nuclear Hoxc5 protein level in mouse livers. In conclusion, PFCs induced mRNA expression of several Hox genes such as Hoxb7, c5 and d10, mostly through the activation of PPARα and/or Nrf2 signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, United States
| | - Yuan Le
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, United States
| | - Pengli Bu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Chicago, IL, 60064, United States
| | - Xingguo Cheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Targeted next-generation sequencing of matched localized and metastatic primary high-risk SCCs identifies driver and co-occurring mutations and novel therapeutic targets. J Dermatol Sci 2020; 99:30-43. [PMID: 32595073 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the second most common type of skin cancer and is responsible for over one million cases annually. While only 3-5 % of SCCs metastasize, those that do are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Using gene mutations to help predict metastasis and select therapeutics is still being explored. OBJECTIVE To present novel data from targeted sequencing of 20 case-matched localized and metastatic high-risk SCCs. METHODS A cancer-associated gene panel of 76 genes was run from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples of 20 case-matched localized (10) and metastatic (10) high-risk SCCs (Vela Diagnostics). RESULTS Using spatial clustering analysis, primary driver mutations were identified asEGFR in localized SCC and CDH1 in metastatic SCC. ERBB4 and STK11 were found to be significant co-occurring mutations in localized SCC. Pathway analyses showed the RTK/RAS, TP53, TGF-b, NOTCH1, PI3K, and cell cycle pathways to be highly relevant in all high-risk SCCs with the Wnt pathway enhanced in metastatic SCC only. CONCLUSIONS This study compared gene mutations between localized and metastatic SCC with the intent of identifying key differences and new potential targeted treatment options. To our knowledge, the co-occurrence ofERBB4 and STK11 mutations has not been previously reported. Targeted inhibition of CDH1 and the Wnt pathway should be further explored in metastatic SCC.
Collapse
|
17
|
Liu Z, Deng Y, Li T, Zhu F, Zhou X, He Y. The opposite functions of miR-24 in the osteogenesis and adipogenesis of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells are mediated by the HOXB7/β-catenin complex. FASEB J 2020; 34:9034-9050. [PMID: 32413244 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000006rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) used in combination with nanoparticles or scaffolds represent promising candidates for bone engineering. Compared to bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMMSCs), ADMSCs show a relatively low capacity for osteogenesis. In the current study, miR-24 was identified as an osteogenesis- and adipogenesis-related miRNA that performs opposing roles (inhibition in osteogenesis and promotion in adipogenesis) during these two differentiation processes. Through bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assays, homeobox protein Hox-B7 (HOXB7) was identified as a potential novel downstream target of miR-24 that contains a miR-24 binding site in the 3'-UTR of its mRNA. Overexpression of HOXB7 could partly halt the inhibitory effect of miR-24 on osteogenesis, and downregulation of HOXB7 could also partly suppress the positive effect of miR-24 on adipogenesis. Furthermore, immunoprecipitation experiments found that HOXB7 and β-catenin formed a functional complex that acted as an essential modulator during osteogenesis and adipogenesis of ADMSCs. After transfecting ADMSCs with an MSNs-PEI-miR-24 agomir or antagomir and loading the cells onto gelatin-chitosan scaffolds, the compounds were assessed for their abilities to repair the critical-sized calvarial defects in rats. Comprehensive evaluation, including micro-CT, sequential fluorescent labeling, and immunohistochemistry analysis, revealed that silencing miR-24 distinctly promoted in vivo bone remolding, whereas overexpression of miR-24 significantly repressed bone formation. Taken together, our findings demonstrated opposite roles for the miR-24/HOXB7/β-catenin signaling pathway in the osteogenesis and adipogenesis of ADMSCs, which may provide a novel mechanism for determining the balance between these two biological processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhonglong Liu
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial & Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwen Deng
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengshuo Zhu
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial & Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue He
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial & Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang DW, Wu HY, Zhu CR, Wu DD. CircRNA hsa_circ_0070934 functions as a competitive endogenous RNA to regulate HOXB7 expression by sponging miR‑1236‑3p in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Oncol 2020; 57:478-487. [PMID: 32626939 PMCID: PMC7307596 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2020.5066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular ribonucleic acids (circRNAs) serve a vital role in the pathological processes of a number of diseases. Previous microarray results of circRNA expression revealed that hsa_circ_0070933 and hsa_circ_0070934, two circRNAs associated with the La ribonucleoprotein 1B gene, were highly expressed in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). The present study aimed to explore the specific role of these circRNAs in CSCC. Through reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, hsa_circ_0070933 and hsa_circ_0070934 expression levels in CSCC cell lines and a human keratino-cyte cell line were detected. Additionally, direct interactions between miR-1236-3p and HOXB7 or circ-0070934 were identified using RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation assays and dual-luciferase reporter assays. Cell Counting Kit-8, 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine, Transwell invasion and flow cytometry assays were used to assess the roles of miR-1236-3p or circ-0070934 in cell invasion, proliferation and apoptosis. Subsequently, in vivo tumor formation assays were used to verify the role of circ-0070934 in CSCC. The results demonstrated that the expression of circ-0070934 was stably upregulated in a number of CSCC cell lines compared with that in normal human keratinocytes. Knockdown of circ-0070934 inhibited the invasive and proliferative potential of CSCC cells and promoted apoptosis both in vivo and in vitro. In addition, circ-0070934 modulated HOXB7 expression through competitive binding with miR-1236-3p. In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrated the effects of the circ-0070934/miR-1236-3p/HOXB7 regulatory axis on CSCC and provided a novel insight for the pathogenesis of CSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da-Wei Zhang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Yan Wu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Chuan-Rong Zhu
- Department of Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Dong Wu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Arthurs C, Suarez-Bonnet A, Willis C, Xie B, Machulla N, Mair TS, Cao K, Millar M, Thrasivoulou C, Priestnall SL, Ahmed A. Equine penile squamous cell carcinoma: expression of biomarker proteins and EcPV2. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7863. [PMID: 32398763 PMCID: PMC7217868 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64014-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Equine penile squamous cell carcinoma (EpSCC) is a relatively common cutaneous neoplasm with a poor prognosis. In this study, we aimed to determine the protein expression and colocalisation of FRA1, c-Myc, Cyclin D1, and MMP7 in normal (NT), tumour (T), hyperplastic epidermis and/or squamous papilloma (Hyp/Pap), poorly-differentiated (PDSCC), or well-differentiated (WDSCC) EpSCC using a tissue array approach. Further objectives were to correlate protein expression to (i) levels of inflammation, using a convolutional neural network (ii) equine papillomavirus 2 (EcPV2) infection, detected using PCR amplification. We found an increase in expression of FRA1 in EpSCC compared to NT samples. c-Myc expression was higher in Hyp/Pap and WDSCC but not PDSCC whereas MMP7 was reduced in WDSCC compared with NT. There was a significant increase in the global intersection coefficient (GIC) of FRA1 with MMP7, c-Myc, and Cyclin D1 in EpSCC. Conversely, GIC for MMP7 with c-Myc was reduced in EpSCC tissue. Inflammation was positively associated with EcPV2 infection in both NT and EpSCC but not Hyp/Pap. Changes in protein expression could be correlated with EcPV2 for Cyclin D1 and c-Myc. Our results evaluate novel biomarkers of EpSCC and a putative correlation between the expression of biomarkers, EcPV2 infection and inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Callum Arthurs
- Prostate Cancer Research Centre at the Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alejandro Suarez-Bonnet
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Claire Willis
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Boyu Xie
- Prostate Cancer Research Centre at the Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie Machulla
- Prostate Cancer Research Centre at the Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tim S Mair
- Bell Equine Veterinary Clinic, Maidstone, UK
| | - Kevin Cao
- Prostate Cancer Research Centre at the Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Millar
- Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Thrasivoulou
- Research Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, The Centre for Cell and Molecular Dynamics, Rockefeller Building, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simon L Priestnall
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Aamir Ahmed
- Prostate Cancer Research Centre at the Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yu M, Zhan J, Zhang H. HOX family transcription factors: Related signaling pathways and post-translational modifications in cancer. Cell Signal 2019; 66:109469. [PMID: 31733300 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
HOX family transcription factors belong to a highly conserved subgroup of the homeobox superfamily that determines cellular fates in embryonic morphogenesis and the maintenance of adult tissue architecture. HOX family transcription factors play key roles in numerous cellular processes including cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, motility, and angiogenesis. As tumor promoters or suppressors HOX family members have been reported to be closely related with a variety of cancers. They closely regulate tumor initiation and growth, invasion and metastasis, angiogenesis, anti-cancer drug resistance and stem cell origin. Here, we firstly described the pivotal roles of HOX transcription factors in tumorigenesis. Then, we summarized the main signaling pathways regulated by HOX transcription factors, including Wnt/β-catenin, transforming growth factor β, mitogen-activated protein kinase, phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt, and nuclear factor-κB signalings. Finally, we outlined the important post-translational modifications of HOX transcription factors and their regulation in cancers. Future research directions on the HOX transcription factors are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- Peking University Health Science Center, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jun Zhan
- Peking University Health Science Center, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Hongquan Zhang
- Peking University Health Science Center, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing 100191, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Liu H, Chen D, Liu P, Xu S, Lin X, Zeng R. Secondary analysis of existing microarray data reveals potential gene drivers of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:15270-15278. [PMID: 30697722 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common skin cancer, with an increasing incidence in recent years. To define the molecular basis that drive cSCC development and progression, this study aimed at identifying potential novel molecular targets for the diagnosis and therapy of patients with cSCC. Two data sets with the accession number GSE45164 and GSE66359 were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. After the identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from these two data sets, respectively, between cSCC samples and controls, a combination of DEGs from these two data sets were subjected to the following analyses, including functional annotation, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and module construction, transcription factor (TF)-target regulation prediction, and drug-gene interaction predictive analysis. A total of 204 upregulated genes and 213 downregulated genes were found in two data sets which were used for the follow-up analysis. Upregulated and downregulated genes were mainly involved in the functions such as cell division, mitotic nuclear division, cell cycle, and p53 signaling pathway. Interferon induced protein family members and proteasome subunit members were involved in the TF-target regulatory network, such as PSMB8, CXCL10, and IFIT3. Eight upregulated genes ( TOP2A, CXCL8, RRM2, PSMB8, PSMB9, PBK, CXCL10, and ISG15) that were hub genes in the PPI network and significant modules were identified in the predicted drug-gene interaction. In conclusion, TOP2A, CXCL8, RRM2, PSMB8, PSMB9, PBK, CXCL10, and ISG15 may be potential targets for the diagnosis and therapy of patients with cSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Liu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daxiang Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Dermatology Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuqia Xu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xunxun Lin
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruixi Zeng
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Li P, Zhao S, Hu Y. SFRP2 modulates non‑small cell lung cancer A549 cell apoptosis and metastasis by regulating mitochondrial fission via Wnt pathways. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:1925-1932. [PMID: 31257495 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The secreted frizzled‑related protein 2 (SFRP2) has been reported to inhibit non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell survival and metastasis; however, the underlying mechanisms are yet to be fully determined. The present study focused on mitochondrial fission and the Wnt signaling pathway. The results demonstrated that SFRP2 was downregulated in the NSCLC cell line A549 compared with in a normal pulmonary epithelial cell line using western blotting, reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and immunofluorescence. Subsequently, it was demonstrated that SFRP2 overexpression promoted the apoptosis, and inhibited the proliferation and metastasis of A549 cells using MTT assays, TUNEL staining and 5‑ethynyl‑2'‑deoxyuridine labeling. At the molecular level, the overexpression of SFRP2 in A549 cells led to the activation of mitochondrial fission by inhibiting the Wnt signal pathway. Excessive mitochondrial fission induced low ATP generation, impaired mitochondrial respiratory function, induced mitochondrial potential depolarization, and increased mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening, and imbalances in pro‑ and antiapoptotic protein expression. Furthermore, mitochondrial fission was involved in the inhibition of A549 cell proliferation and metastasis. Thus, SFRP2 may inhibit the survival and metastasis of NSCLC cells via the Wnt/mitochondrial fission pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Shu Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Τhe Second Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Yi Hu
- Department of Oncology, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Alyoussef A, Taha M. Blocking Wnt as a therapeutic target in mice model of skin cancer. Arch Dermatol Res 2019; 311:595-605. [PMID: 31165240 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-019-01939-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Wnt pathway plays an important role in controlling metabolism in cancer cells. It acts as positive modulator for both cell inflammation, through activation of NFκB, and fibrosis, through activation of TGF-β. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the therapeutic effects of blocking Wnt pathway by IWP12 on skin cancer by studying its effects on skin cancer-induced inflammation and fibrosis in a mice model of skin cancer. Skin cancer was induced by application of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) and croton oil on the dorsal skin of mice. Dorsal skin was removed for estimation of gene and protein expression of Wnt, β-catenin, SMAD, TGF-β, NFκB, TNF-α, IL-4 and IL-10. Part of the skin is stained with hematoxylin/eosin for assessment of cell structure. Treatment of mice with IWP12 completely blocked Wnt in skin cancer mice without affecting the control mice. Skin of tumorigenic mice showed marked skin hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, acanthosis and dysplasia. Treatment with IWP12 markedly attenuated epidermal atypia and hyperplasia. In addition, IWP12 reduced expression of β-catenin, SMAD, TGF-β, NFκB and TNF-α associated with increase in the expression of IL-4 and IL-10. In conclusion, blocking Wnt production ameliorated skin cancer via blocking pro-inflammatory cytokines and enhancing the anti-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, blocking Wnt attenuated skin cancer-induced activation of fibrosis pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Alyoussef
- Department of Internal Medicine (Dermatology), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71471, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Medhat Taha
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, College of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhang L, Shao L, Hu Y. Long noncoding RNA LINC00961 inhibited cell proliferation and invasion through regulating the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway in tongue squamous cell carcinoma. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:12429-12435. [PMID: 30854692 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ying Hu
- Jinan Stomatological Hospital Jinan China
| |
Collapse
|