1
|
Johnson AL, Kamal M, Parise G. The Role of Supporting Cell Populations in Satellite Cell Mediated Muscle Repair. Cells 2023; 12:1968. [PMID: 37566047 PMCID: PMC10417507 DOI: 10.3390/cells12151968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle has a high capacity to repair and remodel in response to damage, largely through the action of resident muscle stem cells, termed satellite cells. Satellite cells are required for the proper repair of skeletal muscle through a process known as myogenesis. Recent investigations have observed relationships between satellite cells and other cell types and structures within the muscle microenvironment. These findings suggest that the crosstalk between inflammatory cells, fibrogenic cells, bone-marrow-derived cells, satellite cells, and the vasculature is essential for the restoration of muscle homeostasis. This review will discuss the influence of the cells and structures within the muscle microenvironment on satellite cell function and muscle repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gianni Parise
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Macedo AG, Miotto DS, Tardelli LP, Santos CF, Amaral SL. Exercise-induced angiogenesis is attenuated by captopril but maintained under perindopril treatment in hypertensive rats. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1147525. [PMID: 37284543 PMCID: PMC10239938 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1147525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an important exercise-induced response to improve blood flow and decrease vascular resistance in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), but some antihypertensive drugs attenuate this effect. This study compared the effects of captopril and perindopril on exercise-induced cardiac and skeletal muscle angiogenesis. Forty-eight Wistar rats and 48 SHR underwent 60 days of aerobic training or were kept sedentary. During the last 45 days, rats were treated with captopril, perindopril or water (Control). Blood pressure (BP) measurements were taken and histological samples from the tibialis anterior (TA) and left ventricle (LV) muscles were analyzed for capillary density (CD) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) protein level. Exercise increased vessel density in Wistar rats due to higher VEGFR-2 (+17%) and eNOS (+31%) protein level. Captopril and perindopril attenuated exercise-induced angiogenesis in Wistar rats, but the attenuation was small in the perindopril group, and this response was mediated by higher eNOS levels in the Per group compared to the Cap group. Exercise increased myocardial CD in Wistar rats in all groups and treatment did not attenuate it. Both exercise and pharmacological treatment reduced BP of SHR similarly. Rarefaction was found in TA of SHR compared to Wistar, due to lower levels of VEGF (-26%) and eNOS (-27%) and treatment did not avoid this response. Exercise prevented these reductions in control SHR. While rats treated with perindopril showed angiogenesis in the TA muscle after training, those rats treated with captopril showed attenuated angiogenesis (-18%). This response was also mediated by lower eNOS levels in Cap group compared with Per and control group. Myocardial CD was reduced in all sedentary hypertensive compared with Wistar and training restored the number of vessels compared with sedentary SHR. In conclusion, taken into account only the aspect of vessel growth, since both pharmacological treatments reduced BP in SHR, the result of the present study suggests that perindopril could be a drug of choice over captopril for hypertensive practitioners of aerobic physical exercises, especially considering that it does not attenuate angiogenesis induced by aerobic physical training in skeletal and cardiac muscles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anderson G. Macedo
- Department of Physical Education, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University, Bauru, Brazil
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences (PIPGCF), Federal University of São Carlos and São Paulo State University, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Danyelle S. Miotto
- Department of Physical Education, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University, Bauru, Brazil
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences (PIPGCF), Federal University of São Carlos and São Paulo State University, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Lidieli P. Tardelli
- Department of Physical Education, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University, Bauru, Brazil
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences (PIPGCF), Federal University of São Carlos and São Paulo State University, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Carlos F. Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, Brazil
| | - Sandra L. Amaral
- Department of Physical Education, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University, Bauru, Brazil
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences (PIPGCF), Federal University of São Carlos and São Paulo State University, São Carlos, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang Y, Lu J, Liu Y. Skeletal Muscle Regeneration in Cardiotoxin-Induced Muscle Injury Models. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113380. [PMID: 36362166 PMCID: PMC9657523 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle injuries occur frequently in daily life and exercise. Understanding the mechanisms of regeneration is critical for accelerating the repair and regeneration of muscle. Therefore, this article reviews knowledge on the mechanisms of skeletal muscle regeneration after cardiotoxin-induced injury. The process of regeneration is similar in different mouse strains and is inhibited by aging, obesity, and diabetes. Exercise, microcurrent electrical neuromuscular stimulation, and mechanical loading improve regeneration. The mechanisms of regeneration are complex and strain-dependent, and changes in functional proteins involved in the processes of necrotic fiber debris clearance, M1 to M2 macrophage conversion, SC activation, myoblast proliferation, differentiation and fusion, and fibrosis and calcification influence the final outcome of the regenerative activity.
Collapse
|
4
|
Sierra APR, Martínez Galán BS, de Sousa CAZ, de Menezes DC, Branquinho JLDO, Neves RL, Arata JG, Bittencourt CA, Barbeiro HV, de Souza HP, Pesquero JB, Cury-Boaventura MF. Exercise Induced-Cytokines Response in Marathon Runners: Role of ACE I/D and BDKRB2 +9/-9 Polymorphisms. Front Physiol 2022; 13:919544. [PMID: 36117688 PMCID: PMC9479100 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.919544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and kallikrein-kinin system (KKS) have a different site of interaction and modulate vascular tone and inflammatory response as well on exercise adaptation, which is modulated by exercise-induced cytokines. The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of ACE I/D and BDKRB2 +9/−9 polymorphism on exercise-induced cytokine response. Seventy-four male marathon finishers, aged 30 to 55 years, participated in this study. Plasma levels of exercise-induced cytokines were determined 24 h before, immediately after, and 24 h and 72 h after the São Paulo International Marathon. Plasma concentrations of MCP-1, IL-6 and FGF-21 increased after marathon in all genotypes of BDKRB2. IL-10, FSTL and BDNF increased significantly after marathon in the genotypes with the presence of the −9 allele. FSTL and BDNF concentrations were higher in the −9/−9 genotype compared to the +9/+9 genotype before (p = 0.006) and after the race (p = 0.023), respectively. Apelin, IL-15, musclin and myostatin concentrations were significantly reduced after the race only in the presence of −9 allele. Marathon increased plasma concentrations of MCP1, IL-6, BDNF and FGF-21 in all genotypes of ACE I/D polymorphism. Plasma concentrations of IL-8 and MIP-1alpha before the race (p = 0.015 and p = 0.031, respectively), of MIP-1alpha and IL-10 after the race (p = 0.033 and p = 0.047, respectively) and VEGF 72 h after the race (p = 0.018) were lower in II homozygotes compared to runners with the presence of D allele. One day after the race we also observed lower levels of MIP-1alpha in runners with II homozygotes compared to DD homozygotes (p = 0.026). Before the marathon race myostatin concentrations were higher in DD compared to II genotypes (p = 0.009). Myostatin, musclin, IL-15, IL-6 and apelin levels decreased after race in genotypes with the presence of D allele. After the race ACE activity was negatively correlated with MCP1 (r = −56, p < 0.016) and positively correlated with IL-8, IL-10 and MIP1-alpha (r = 0.72, p < 0.0007, r = 0.72, p < 0.0007, r = 0.47, p < 0.048, respectively). The runners with the −9/−9 genotype have greater response in exercise-induced cytokines related to muscle repair and cardioprotection indicating that BDKRB2 participate on exercise adaptations and runners with DD genotype have greater inflammatory response as well as ACE activity was positively correlated with inflammatory mediators. DD homozygotes also had higher myostatin levels which modulates protein homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bryan Steve Martínez Galán
- Interdisciplinary Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Institute of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cesar Augustus Zocoler de Sousa
- Interdisciplinary Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Institute of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Duane Cardoso de Menezes
- Interdisciplinary Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Institute of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Raquel Leão Neves
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - João Bosco Pesquero
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Fernanda Cury-Boaventura
- Interdisciplinary Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Institute of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Maria Fernanda Cury-Boaventura,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Arrigoni C, Petta D, Bersini S, Mironov V, Candrian C, Moretti M. Engineering complex muscle-tissue interfaces through microfabrication. Biofabrication 2019; 11:032004. [PMID: 31042682 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ab1e7c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a tissue with a complex and hierarchical architecture that influences its functional properties. In order to exert its contractile function, muscle tissue is connected to neural, vascular and connective compartments, comprising finely structured interfaces which are orchestrated by multiple signalling pathways. Pathological conditions such as dystrophies and trauma, or physiological situations such as exercise and aging, modify the architectural organization of these structures, hence affecting muscle functionality. To overcome current limitations of in vivo and standard in vitro models, microfluidics and biofabrication techniques have been applied to better reproduce the microarchitecture and physicochemical environment of human skeletal muscle tissue. In the present review, we aim to critically discuss the role of those techniques, taken individually or in combination, in the generation of models that mimic the complex interfaces between muscle tissue and neural/vascular/tendon compartments. The exploitation of either microfluidics or biofabrication to model different muscle interfaces has led to the development of constructs with an improved spatial organization, thus presenting a better functionality as compared to standard models. However, the achievement of models replicating muscle-tissue interfaces with adequate architecture, presence of fundamental proteins and recapitulation of signalling pathways is still far from being achieved. Increased integration between microfluidics and biofabrication, providing the possibility to pattern cells in predetermined structures with higher resolution, will help to reproduce the hierarchical and heterogeneous structure of skeletal muscle interfaces. Such strategies will further improve the functionality of these techniques, providing a key contribution towards the study of skeletal muscle functions in physiology and pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Arrigoni
- Regenerative Medicine Technologies Lab, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Via Tesserete 46, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Delforce SJ, Lumbers ER, Morosin SK, Wang Y, Pringle KG. The Angiotensin II type 1 receptor mediates the effects of low oxygen on early placental angiogenesis. Placenta 2018; 75:54-61. [PMID: 30712667 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Placental development occurs in a low oxygen environment, which stimulates angiogenesis by upregulating vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (SERPINE1) and the angiopoietin-2/-1 ratio (ANGPT2/1). At this time, Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) is highly expressed. We postulated that the early gestation placental oxygen milieu, by stimulating the angiotensin (Ang) II/AT1R pathway, increases expression of proliferative/angiogenic factors. METHODS HTR-8/SVneo cells were cultured in 1%, 5% or 20% O2 with the AT1R antagonist (losartan) for 48 h. mRNA and protein levels of angiogenic factors were determined by qPCR and ELISA. Angiogenesis and cell viability were assessed by HUVEC tube formation and resazurin assay. RESULTS Culture in low oxygen (1%) increased angiogenic VEGFA, SERPINE1 and placental growth factor (PGF) mRNA and VEGFA and SERPINE1 protein levels, and reduced anti-angiogenic ANGPT1, endoglin (ENG) and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-e15a (sFlt-e15a) mRNA (all P = 0.0001). At 1% oxygen, losartan significantly reduced intracellular VEGFA and SERPINE1 levels and secreted VEGF levels (P = 0.008, 0.0001 and 0.0001). HUVEC tube formation was increased in cells grown in HTR-8/SVneo conditioned medium from 1 to 5% cultures (all P = 0.0001). HUVECs cultured in medium from losartan treated HTR-8/SVneo cells had a reduced number of meshes, branching points and total branching length (P = 0.004, 0.003 and 0.0002). At 1% oxygen, losartan partially inhibited the oxygen-induced increase in cell viability (P = 0.0001). DISCUSSION Thus, AT1R blockade antagonised the low oxygen induced increase in pro-angiogenic factor expression and cell viability. Our findings highlight a role for an oxygen-sensitive Ang II/AT1R pathway during placentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Delforce
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Sciences, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Eugenie R Lumbers
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Sciences, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Saije K Morosin
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Sciences, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yu Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Perinatology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Kirsty G Pringle
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Sciences, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Moore DR, Kelly RP, Devries MC, Churchward-Venne TA, Phillips SM, Parise G, Johnston AP. Low-load resistance exercise during inactivity is associated with greater fibre area and satellite cell expression in older skeletal muscle. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2018; 9:747-754. [PMID: 29761654 PMCID: PMC6104111 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related sarcopenia is accelerated by physical inactivity. Low-load resistance exercise (LLRE) counters inactivity-induced muscle atrophy in older adults, but changes in muscle fibre morphology are unstudied. We aimed to determine the impact of LLRE during short-term inactivity (step-reduction) on muscle fibre size and capillarity as well as satellite cell (SC) content in older skeletal muscle. METHODS Fourteen older (~71 years) male adults underwent 14 days of step reduction (<1500 steps/day) while performing six sessions of LLRE (~30% maximal strength) with one leg (SR + EX) while the contralateral leg served as an untrained control (SR). Seven healthy ambulatory age-matched male adults (~69 years) served as a comparator group (COM). Muscle biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis after 14 days, and immunohistochemical analysis was performed to determine muscle fibre cross-sectional area (CSA), myonuclear content, SC content (PAX7+ cells), and total (C:F) and fibre type-specific (C:Fi) capillary-to-fibre ratios. RESULTS Type I and II fibre CSA was greater in SR + EX compared with SR. Whereas there were no differences across fibre types between SR + EX and CON, type II fibre CSA was significantly lower in SR compared with COM. Type II myonuclear domain was greater in SR + EX compared with COM and SR. Pax7+ cells associated with type I and II fibres were lower in SR compared with SR + EX. Type II PAX7+ cells were also lower in SR compared with COM with a similar trend for type I fibres. There were trends for a lower C:Fi in SR compared with SR + EX for both fibre types with no differences for each compared with COM. CONCLUSIONS Minimal LLRE during a period of decreased physical activity is associated with greater muscle fibre CSA, SC content, and capillarization. These results support the use of LLRE as an effective countermeasure to inactivity-induced alterations in muscle morphology with age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Moore
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ryan P Kelly
- Department of Applied Human Sciences, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada
| | | | | | - Stuart M Phillips
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Gianni Parise
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Adam P Johnston
- Department of Applied Human Sciences, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Joanisse S, Snijders T, Nederveen JP, Parise G. The Impact of Aerobic Exercise on the Muscle Stem Cell Response. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 2018; 46:180-187. [DOI: 10.1249/jes.0000000000000153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
9
|
Osaki T, Sivathanu V, Kamm RD. Crosstalk between developing vasculature and optogenetically engineered skeletal muscle improves muscle contraction and angiogenesis. Biomaterials 2017; 156:65-76. [PMID: 29190499 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Capillary networks surrounding skeletal muscle play an important role in not only supplying oxygen and nutrients but also in regulating the myogenesis and repair of skeletal muscle tissues. Herein, we model the early stages of 3D vascularized muscle fiber formation in vitro using a sequential molding technique to investigate interactions between angiogenesis of endothelial cells and myogenesis of skeletal muscle cells. Channelrhodopsin-2 C2C12 muscle fiber bundles and 3D vascular structures (600 μm diameter) were formed at 500 μm intervals in a collagen gel. Endothelial cells exhibited an emergent angiogenic sprouting behavior over several days, which was modulated by the muscle fiber bundle through the secretion of angiopoietin-1. Through a reciprocal response, myogenesis was also upregulated by interactions with the vascular cells, improving muscle contraction via angiopoetin-1/neuregulin-1 signaling. Moreover, continuous training of muscle tissue by optical stimulation induced significantly more angiogenic sprouting. This in vitro model could be used to better understand the formation of vascularized muscle tissues and to test the interactions between muscle growth, repair or training and angiogenesis for applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Osaki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institutes of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Vivek Sivathanu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institutes of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Roger D Kamm
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institutes of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institutes of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA; BioSystems and Micromechanics (BioSyM), Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Liu YH, Peng KY, Chiu YW, Ho YL, Wang YH, Shun CT, Huang SY, Lin YS, De Vries AAF, Pijnappels DA, Lee NT, Yen BL, Yen ML. Human Placenta-Derived Multipotent Cells (hPDMCs) Modulate Cardiac Injury: From Bench to Small and Large Animal Myocardial Ischemia Studies. Cell Transplant 2015; 24:2463-78. [DOI: 10.3727/096368915x687200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death globally, and stem cell therapy remains one of the most promising strategies for regeneration or repair of the damaged heart. We report that human placenta-derived multipotent cells (hPDMCs) can modulate cardiac injury in small and large animal models of myocardial ischemia (MI) and elucidate the mechanisms involved. We found that hPDMCs can undergo in vitro cardiomyogenic differentiation when cocultured with mouse neonatal cardiomyocytes. Moreover, hPDMCs exert strong proangiogenic responses in vitro toward human endothelial cells mediated by secretion of hepatocyte growth factor, growth-regulated oncogene-α, and interleukin-8. To test the in vivo relevance of these results, small and large animal models of acute MI were induced in mice and minipigs, respectively, by permanent left anterior descending (LAD) artery ligation, followed by hPDMC or culture medium-only implantation with follow-up for up to 8 weeks. Transplantation of hPDMCs into mouse heart post-acute MI induction improved left ventricular function, with significantly enhanced vascularity in the cell-treated group. Furthermore, in minipigs post-acute MI induction, hPDMC transplantation significantly improved myocardial contractility compared to the control group ( p=0.016) at 8 weeks postinjury. In addition, tissue analysis confirmed that hPDMC transplantation induced increased vascularity, cardiomyogenic differentiation, and antiapoptotic effects. Our findings offer evidence that hPDMCs can modulate cardiac injury in both small and large animal models, possibly through proangiogenesis, cardiomyogenesis, and suppression of cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Our study offers mechanistic insights and preclinical evidence on using hPDMCs as a therapeutic strategy to treat severe cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Hung Liu
- Section of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Pan Chiao, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Yen Peng
- Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, ChungLi, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Chiu
- Section of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Pan Chiao, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Lwun Ho
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital (NTUH), Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Horng Wang
- Nursing Department of Yuanpei University, Hsin-Chu City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Tung Shun
- Department and Graduate Institute of Forensic Medicine, College of Medicine (COM), National Taiwan University (NTU), Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yun Huang
- Section of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Pan Chiao, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shuan Lin
- Section of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Pan Chiao, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | | | - Daniël A. Pijnappels
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Nan-Ting Lee
- School of Medicine, COM, Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, NTU Hospital, NTU, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - B. Linju Yen
- Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Men-Luh Yen
- School of Medicine, COM, Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, NTU Hospital, NTU, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, NTU, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Haas TL, Nwadozi E. Regulation of skeletal muscle capillary growth in exercise and disease. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2015; 40:1221-32. [PMID: 26554747 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2015-0336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Capillaries, which are the smallest and most abundant type of blood vessel, form the primary site of gas, nutrient, and waste transfer between the vascular and tissue compartments. Skeletal muscle exhibits the capacity to generate new capillaries (angiogenesis) as an adaptation to exercise training, thus ensuring that the heightened metabolic demand of the active muscle is matched by an improved capacity for distribution of gases, nutrients, and waste products. This review summarizes the current understanding of the regulation of skeletal muscle capillary growth. The multi-step process of angiogenesis is coordinated through the integration of a diverse array of signals associated with hypoxic, metabolic, hemodynamic, and mechanical stresses within the active muscle. The contributions of metabolic and mechanical factors to the modulation of key pro- and anti-angiogenic molecules are discussed within the context of responses to a single aerobic exercise bout and short-term and long-term training. Finally, the paradoxical lack of angiogenesis in peripheral artery disease and diabetes and the implications for disease progression and muscle health are discussed. Future studies that emphasize an integrated analysis of the mechanisms that control skeletal muscle capillary growth will enable development of targeted exercise programs that effectively promote angiogenesis in healthy individuals and in patient populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tara L Haas
- Angiogenesis Research Group, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.,Angiogenesis Research Group, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Emmanuel Nwadozi
- Angiogenesis Research Group, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.,Angiogenesis Research Group, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Simon CB, Lee-McMullen B, Phelan D, Gilkes J, Carter CS, Buford TW. The renin-angiotensin system and prevention of age-related functional decline: where are we now? AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 37:9753. [PMID: 25663422 PMCID: PMC4320995 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-015-9753-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Declining physical function is a major health problem for older adults as it is associated with multiple comorbidities and mortality. Exercise has been shown to improve physical function, though response to exercise is variable. Conversely, drugs targeting the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) pathway, including angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), are also reported to improve physical function. In the past decade, significant strides have been made to understand the complexity and specificity of the RAS system as it pertains to physical function in older adults. Prior findings have also determined that interactions between antihypertensive medications and exercise may influence physical function above and beyond either factor alone. We review the latest research on RAS, exercise, and physical function for older adults. We also outline future research aims in this area, including genetic influences and clinical phenotyping, for the purpose of maintaining or improving physical function through tailored treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Corey B. Simon
- />Pain Research and Intervention Center of Excellence, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Brittany Lee-McMullen
- />Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Dane Phelan
- />Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Janine Gilkes
- />Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Christy S. Carter
- />Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Thomas W. Buford
- />Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL USA
- />Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bishop-Bailey D. Mechanisms governing the health and performance benefits of exercise. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 170:1153-66. [PMID: 24033098 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Revised: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans are considered among the greatest if not the greatest endurance land animals. Over the last 50 years, as the population has become more sedentary, rates of cardiovascular disease and its associated risk factors such as obesity, type 2 diabetes and hypertension have all increased. Aerobic fitness is considered protective for all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, a variety of cancers, joint disease and depression. Here, I will review the emerging mechanisms that underlie the response to exercise, focusing on the major target organ the skeletal muscle system. Understanding the mechanisms of action of exercise will allow us to develop new therapies that mimic the protective actions of exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Bishop-Bailey
- Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ostrovidov S, Hosseini V, Ahadian S, Fujie T, Parthiban SP, Ramalingam M, Bae H, Kaji H, Khademhosseini A. Skeletal muscle tissue engineering: methods to form skeletal myotubes and their applications. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2014; 20:403-36. [PMID: 24320971 PMCID: PMC4193686 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2013.0534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle tissue engineering (SMTE) aims to repair or regenerate defective skeletal muscle tissue lost by traumatic injury, tumor ablation, or muscular disease. However, two decades after the introduction of SMTE, the engineering of functional skeletal muscle in the laboratory still remains a great challenge, and numerous techniques for growing functional muscle tissues are constantly being developed. This article reviews the recent findings regarding the methodology and various technical aspects of SMTE, including cell alignment and differentiation. We describe the structure and organization of muscle and discuss the methods for myoblast alignment cultured in vitro. To better understand muscle formation and to enhance the engineering of skeletal muscle, we also address the molecular basics of myogenesis and discuss different methods to induce myoblast differentiation into myotubes. We then provide an overview of different coculture systems involving skeletal muscle cells, and highlight major applications of engineered skeletal muscle tissues. Finally, potential challenges and future research directions for SMTE are outlined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serge Ostrovidov
- WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Vahid Hosseini
- Laboratory of Applied Mechanobiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Samad Ahadian
- WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Toshinori Fujie
- WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Murugan Ramalingam
- WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg Cedex, France
- Centre for Stem Cell Research, Christian Medical College Campus, Vellore, India
| | - Hojae Bae
- College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Department of Bioindustrial Technologies, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Kwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hirokazu Kaji
- Department of Bioengineering and Robotics, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Maxillofacial Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gorman JL, Liu STK, Slopack D, Shariati K, Hasanee A, Olenich S, Olfert IM, Haas TL. Angiotensin II evokes angiogenic signals within skeletal muscle through co-ordinated effects on skeletal myocytes and endothelial cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e85537. [PMID: 24416421 PMCID: PMC3887063 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle overload induces the expression of angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, leading to new capillary growth. We found that the overload-induced increase in angiogenesis, as well as increases in VEGF, MMP-2 and MT1-MMP transcripts were abrogated in muscle VEGF KO mice, highlighting the critical role of myocyte-derived VEGF in controlling this process. The upstream mediators that contribute to overload-induced expression of VEGF have yet to be ascertained. We found that muscle overload increased angiotensinogen expression, a precursor of angiotensin (Ang) II, and that Ang II signaling played an important role in basal VEGF production in C2C12 cells. Furthermore, matrix-bound VEGF released from myoblasts induced the activation of endothelial cells, as evidenced by elevated endothelial cell phospho-p38 levels. We also found that exogenous Ang II elevates VEGF expression, as well as MMP-2 transcript levels in C2C12 myotubes. Interestingly, these responses also were observed in skeletal muscle endothelial cells in response to Ang II treatment, indicating that these cells also can respond directly to the stimulus. The involvement of Ang II in muscle overload-induced angiogenesis was assessed. We found that blockade of AT1R-dependent Ang II signaling using losartan did not attenuate capillary growth. Surprisingly, increased levels of VEGF protein were detected in overloaded muscle from losartan-treated rats. Similarly, we observed elevated VEGF production in cultured endothelial cells treated with losartan alone or in combination with Ang II. These studies conclusively establish the requirement for muscle derived VEGF in overload-induced angiogenesis and highlight a role for Ang II in basal VEGF production in skeletal muscle. However, while Ang II signaling is activated following overload and plays a role in muscle VEGF production, inhibition of this pathway is not sufficient to halt overload-induced angiogenesis, indicating that AT1-independent signals maintain VEGF production in losartan-treated muscle.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Angiotensin II/pharmacology
- Angiotensinogen/metabolism
- Animals
- Cell Line
- Endothelial Cells/drug effects
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Extracellular Matrix/drug effects
- Extracellular Matrix/metabolism
- Losartan/pharmacology
- Male
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 2/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Microvessels/cytology
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/cytology
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/drug effects
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/enzymology
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal/blood supply
- Muscle, Skeletal/cytology
- Muscle, Skeletal/drug effects
- Neovascularization, Physiologic/drug effects
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Gorman
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Angiogenesis Research Group and Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sammy T. K. Liu
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Angiogenesis Research Group and Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dara Slopack
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Angiogenesis Research Group and Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Khashayar Shariati
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Angiogenesis Research Group and Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adam Hasanee
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Angiogenesis Research Group and Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sara Olenich
- West Virginia University School of Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, Division of Exercise Physiology, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States of America
| | - I. Mark Olfert
- West Virginia University School of Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, Division of Exercise Physiology, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States of America
| | - Tara L. Haas
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Angiogenesis Research Group and Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Vaughan D, Huber-Abel FA, Graber F, Hoppeler H, Flück M. The angiotensin converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism alters the response of muscle energy supply lines to exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol 2013; 113:1719-29. [PMID: 23397151 PMCID: PMC3677975 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-012-2583-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The presence of a silencing sequence (the I-allele) in the gene for the upstream regulator of blood flow, angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE), is associated with superior endurance performance and its trainability. We tested in a retrospective study with 36 Caucasian men of Swiss descent whether carriers of the ACE I-allele demonstrate a modified adaptive response of energy supply lines in knee extensor muscle, and aerobic fitness, to endurance training based on 6 weeks of supervised bicycle exercise or 6 months of self-regulated running (p value <Bonferroni-corrected 5 %). Body weight related maximal oxygen uptake and capillary density in vastus lateralis muscle before training were 20 and 23 % lower, respectively, in carriers of the I-allele. Bicycle (n = 16) but not running type endurance training (n = 19) increased the volume content of subsarcolemmal mitochondria (2.5-fold) and intramyocellular lipid (2.1-fold). This was specifically amplified in I-allele carriers after 6 weeks of bicycle exercise. The enhanced adjustment in myocellular organelles of aerobic metabolism with bicycle training corresponded to ACE I-allele dependent upregulation of 23 muscle transcripts during recovery from the bicycle stimulus and with training. The majority of affected transcripts were associated with glucose (i.e. ALDOC, Glut2, LDHC) and lipid metabolism (i.e. ACADL, CPTI, CPTII, LIPE, LPL, FATP, CD36/FAT); all demonstrating an enhanced magnitude of change in carriers of the ACE I-allele. Our observations suggest that local improvements in mitochondrial metabolism, through a novel expression pathway, contribute to the varying trainability in endurance performance between subjects with genetically modified expression of the regulator of vascular tone, ACE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Vaughan
- Institute for Biomedical Research into Human Movement and Health, School of HealthCare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD UK
| | | | | | - Hans Hoppeler
- Department of Anatomy, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Martin Flück
- Institute for Biomedical Research into Human Movement and Health, School of HealthCare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD UK
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Zürich, Balgrist University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hyldahl RD, Schwartz LM, Clarkson PM. NF-KB activity functions in primary pericytes in a cell- and non-cell-autonomous manner to affect myotube formation. Muscle Nerve 2013; 47:522-31. [PMID: 23364895 DOI: 10.1002/mus.23640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Skeletal muscle regeneration following damage relies on proliferation and differentiation of muscle precursor cells (MPCs). We recently observed increased NF-kB activity in vascular-associated muscle resident pericytes following muscle damage in humans. We determined how altered NF-kB activity in human primary pericytes (HPPs) affects their myogenic differentiation (cell-autonomous effects), as well as proliferation and differentiation of co-cultured MPCs (non-cell-autonomous effects). METHODS HPPs were transfected with vectors that increased or decreased NF-kB activity. Transfected HPPs were co-cultured with C2 C12 myoblasts under differentiation conditions, and HPP fusion to myotubes was measured. We also co-cultured HPPs with C2 C12 myoblasts and measured proliferation and myotube formation. RESULTS Inhibition of NF-kB activity increased HPP fusion to C2 C12 myotubes. Moreover, enhanced NF-kB activity in HPPs suppressed differentiation and enhanced proliferation of co-cultured myoblasts. CONCLUSIONS NF-kB activity acts cell-autonomously to inhibit HPP myogenic differentiation and non-cell-autonomously to promote MPC proliferation and suppress MPC differentiation in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert D Hyldahl
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 300 Massachusetts Avenue, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a common vascular disease that reduces blood flow capacity to the legs of patients. PAD leads to exercise intolerance that can progress in severity to greatly limit mobility, and in advanced cases leads to frank ischemia with pain at rest. It is estimated that 12 to 15 million people in the United States are diagnosed with PAD, with a much larger population that is undiagnosed. The presence of PAD predicts a 50% to 1500% increase in morbidity and mortality, depending on severity. Treatment of patients with PAD is limited to modification of cardiovascular disease risk factors, pharmacological intervention, surgery, and exercise therapy. Extended exercise programs that involve walking approximately five times per week, at a significant intensity that requires frequent rest periods, are most significant. Preclinical studies and virtually all clinical trials demonstrate the benefits of exercise therapy, including improved walking tolerance, modified inflammatory/hemostatic markers, enhanced vasoresponsiveness, adaptations within the limb (angiogenesis, arteriogenesis, and mitochondrial synthesis) that enhance oxygen delivery and metabolic responses, potentially delayed progression of the disease, enhanced quality of life indices, and extended longevity. A synthesis is provided as to how these adaptations can develop in the context of our current state of knowledge and events known to be orchestrated by exercise. The benefits are so compelling that exercise prescription should be an essential option presented to patients with PAD in the absence of contraindications. Obviously, selecting for a lifestyle pattern that includes enhanced physical activity prior to the advance of PAD limitations is the most desirable and beneficial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tara L Haas
- Angiogenesis Research Group, Muscle Health Research Centre, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lawnicka H, Ptasinska-Wnuk D, Mucha S, Kunert-Radek J, Pawlikowski M, Stepien H. The involvement of angiotensin type 1 and type 2 receptors in estrogen-induced cell proliferation and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in the rat anterior pituitary. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:358102. [PMID: 22645419 PMCID: PMC3360946 DOI: 10.1100/2012/358102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Accepted: 12/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of our study was to examine the involvement of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in estrogen-induced lactotropes proliferation and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in rat pituitary. The study was performed on Fisher 344 rats underwent 8-day treatment with diethylstilboestrol (DES). The proliferation index (PCNA) and VEGF expression in pituitary sections were estimated using immunohistochemical methods.
Treatment with DES increased the number of PCNA-positive cells, VEGF-positive cells, and VEGF-positive blood vessels in pituitary. Stimulatory effect of estrogen on cell proliferation and VEGF expression in blood vessels was attenuated by losartan, PD123319, and captopril. VEGF immunoreactivity in pituitary cells of DES-treated rats was decreased by AT1 antagonist and not changed by AT2 blocker and ACE inhibitor. Our findings suggest the involvement of RAS in DES-induced cell proliferation and VEGF expression in pituitary. Both the AT1 and AT2 receptors appear to mediate the estrogen-dependent mitogenic and proangiogenic effects in rat pituitary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Lawnicka
- Department of Immunoendocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, Dr. Sterling 3 Street, 91-425 Lodz, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Carbajo-Lozoya J, Lutz S, Feng Y, Kroll J, Hammes HP, Wieland T. Angiotensin II modulates VEGF-driven angiogenesis by opposing effects of type 1 and type 2 receptor stimulation in the microvascular endothelium. Cell Signal 2012; 24:1261-9. [PMID: 22374305 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2012.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2012] [Revised: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a main stimulator of pathological vessel formation. Nevertheless, increasing evidence suggests that Angiotensin II (Ang II) can play an augmentory role in this process. We thus analyzed the contribution of the two Ang II receptor types, AT(1)R and AT(2)R, in a mouse model of VEGF-driven angiogenesis, i.e. oxygen-induced proliferative retinopathy. Application of the AT(1)R antagonist telmisartan but not the AT(2)R antagonist PD123,319 largely attenuated the pathological response. A direct effect of Ang II on endothelial cells (EC) was analyzed by assessing angiogenic responses in primary bovine retinal and immortalized rat microvascular EC. Selective stimulation of the AT(1)R by Ang II in the presence of PD123,319 revealed a pro-angiogenic activity which further increased VEGF-driven EC sprouting and migration. In contrast, selective stimulation of the AT(2)R by either CGP42112A or Ang II in the presence of telmisartan inhibited the VEGF-driven angiogenic response. Using specific inhibitors (pertussis toxin, RGS proteins, kinase inhibitors) we identified G(12/13) and G(i) dependent signaling pathways as the mediators of the AT(1)R-induced angiogenesis and the AT(2)R-induced inhibition, respectively. As AT(1)R and AT(2)R stimulation displays opposing effects on the activity of the monomeric GTPase RhoA and pro-angiogenic responses to Ang II and VEGF requires activation of Rho-dependent kinase (ROCK), we conclude that the opposing effects of the Ang II receptors on VEGF-driven angiogenesis converge on the regulation of activity of RhoA-ROCK-dependent EC migration.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Angiotensin II/metabolism
- Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists/pharmacology
- Animals
- Cattle
- Cell Movement
- Cells, Cultured
- Endothelial Cells/cytology
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/cytology
- Endothelium, Vascular/growth & development
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, G12-G13/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Microvessels/cytology
- Microvessels/growth & development
- Microvessels/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic
- Neovascularization, Physiologic
- Rats
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/metabolism
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2/metabolism
- Retina/pathology
- Retina/ultrastructure
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Carbajo-Lozoya
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Maybachstrasse 14, D-68169 Mannheim, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhao S, Yuan L, Wang J, Zhang X, He Z, Zhang Q. A Novel and Facile Approach to Imaging Nanoparticles Transport across Transwell Filter Grown Cell Monolayer in Real-Time and in Situ under Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy. Biol Pharm Bull 2012; 35:335-45. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.35.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University
| | - Lan Yuan
- Medical and Healthy Analysis Center, Peking University
| | - Jiancheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University
| | - Xuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University
| | - Zhonggui He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University
| |
Collapse
|