1
|
Boda VK, Yasmen N, Jiang J, Li W. Pathophysiological significance and modulation of the transient receptor potential canonical 3 ion channel. Med Res Rev 2024. [PMID: 38715347 DOI: 10.1002/med.22048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential canonical 3 (TRPC3) protein belongs to the TRP family of nonselective cation channels. Its activation occurs by signaling through a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and a phospholipase C-dependent (PLC) pathway. Perturbations in the expression of TRPC3 are associated with a plethora of pathophysiological conditions responsible for disorders of the cardiovascular, immune, and central nervous systems. The recently solved cryo-EM structure of TRPC3 provides detailed inputs about the underlying mechanistic aspects of the channel, which in turn enables more efficient ways of designing small-molecule modulators. Pharmacologically targeting TRPC3 in animal models has demonstrated great efficacy in treating diseases including cancers, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular diseases. Despite extensive scientific evidence supporting some strong correlations between the expression and activity of TRPC3 and various pathophysiological conditions, therapeutic strategies based on its pharmacological modulations have not led to clinical trials. The development of small-molecule TRPC3 modulators with high safety, sufficient brain penetration, and acceptable drug-like profiles remains in progress. Determining the pathological mechanisms for TRPC3 involvement in human diseases and understanding the requirements for a drug-like TRPC3 modulator will be valuable in advancing small-molecule therapeutics to future clinical trials. In this review, we provide an overview of the origin and activation mechanism of TRPC3 channels, diseases associated with irregularities in their expression, and new development in small-molecule modulators as potential therapeutic interventions for treating TRPC3 channelopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vijay K Boda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Drug Discovery Center, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Nelufar Yasmen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Drug Discovery Center, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jianxiong Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Drug Discovery Center, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Drug Discovery Center, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Alavi MS, Soheili V, Roohbakhsh A. The role of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in phagocytosis: A comprehensive review. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 964:176302. [PMID: 38154767 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
When host cells are exposed to foreign particles, dead cells, or cell hazards, a sophisticated process called phagocytosis begins. During this process, macrophages, dendritic cells, and neutrophils engulf the target by expanding their membranes. Phagocytosis of apoptotic cells is called efferocytosis. This process is of significant importance as billions of cells are eliminated daily without provoking inflammation. Both phagocytosis and efferocytosis depend on Ca2+ signaling. A big family of Ca2+ permeable channels is transient receptor potentials (TRPs) divided into nine subfamilies. We aimed to review their roles in phagocytosis. The present review article shows that various TRP channels such as TRPV1, 2, 3, 4, TRPM2, 4, 7, 8, TRPML1, TRPA1, TRPC1, 3, 5, 6 have roles at various stages of phagocytosis. They are involved in the phagocytosis of amyloid β, α-synuclein, myelin debris, bacteria, and apoptotic cells. In particular, TRPC3 and TRPM7 contribute to efferocytosis. These effects are mediated by changing Ca2+ signaling or targeting intracellular enzymes such as Akt. In addition, they contribute to the chemotaxis of phagocytic cells towards targets. Although a limited number of studies have assessed the role of TRP channels in phagocytosis and efferocytosis, their findings indicate that they have critical roles in these processes. In some cases, their ablation completely abolished the phagocytic function of the cells. As a result, TRP channels are potential targets for developing new therapeutics that modulate phagocytosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohaddeseh Sadat Alavi
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Soheili
- Pharmaceutical Control Department, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Roohbakhsh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Neels JG, Gollentz C, Chinetti G. Macrophage death in atherosclerosis: potential role in calcification. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1215612. [PMID: 37469518 PMCID: PMC10352763 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1215612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell death is an important aspect of atherosclerotic plaque development. Insufficient efferocytosis of death cells by phagocytic macrophages leads to the buildup of a necrotic core that impacts stability of the plaque. Furthermore, in the presence of calcium and phosphate, apoptotic bodies resulting from death cells can act as nucleation sites for the formation of calcium phosphate crystals, mostly in the form of hydroxyapatite, which leads to calcification of the atherosclerotic plaque, further impacting plaque stability. Excessive uptake of cholesterol-loaded oxidized LDL particles by macrophages present in atherosclerotic plaques leads to foam cell formation, which not only reduces their efferocytosis capacity, but also can induce apoptosis in these cells. The resulting apoptotic bodies can contribute to calcification of the atherosclerotic plaque. Moreover, other forms of macrophage cell death, such as pyroptosis, necroptosis, parthanatos, and ferroptosis can also contribute by similar mechanisms to plaque calcification. This review focuses on macrophage death in atherosclerosis, and its potential role in calcification. Reducing macrophage cell death and/or increasing their efferocytosis capacity could be a novel therapeutic strategy to reduce the formation of a necrotic core and calcification and thereby improving atherosclerotic plaque stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaap G. Neels
- Université Côte d’Azur, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Nice, France
| | - Claire Gollentz
- Université Côte d’Azur, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (NSERM), Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Nice, France
| | - Giulia Chinetti
- Université Côte d’Azur, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU), Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (NSERM), Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Nice, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Scherr BF, Reiner MF, Baumann F, Höhne K, Müller T, Ayata K, Müller-Quernheim J, Idzko M, Zissel G. Prevention of M2 polarization and temporal limitation of differentiation in monocytes by extracellular ATP. BMC Immunol 2023; 24:11. [PMID: 37353774 PMCID: PMC10288684 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-023-00546-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated levels of extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) modulate immunologic pathways and are considered to be a danger signal in inflammation, lung fibrosis and cancer. Macrophages can be classified into two main types: M1 macrophages are classically activated, pro-inflammatory macrophages, whereas M2 macrophages are alternatively activated, pro-fibrotic macrophages. In this study, we examined the effect of ATP on differentiation of native human monocytes into these macrophage subtypes. We characterized M1 and M2 like macrophages by their release of Interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 18 (CCL18), respectively. RESULTS Monocytes were stimulated with ATP or the P2X7 receptor agonist Benzoylbenzoyl-ATP (Bz-ATP), and the production of various cytokines was analyzed, with a particular focus on CCL18 and IL-1β, along with the expression of different purinergic receptors. Over a 72 h period of cell culture, monocytes spontaneously differentiated to M2 like macrophages, as indicated by an increased release of CCL18. Immediate stimulation of monocytes with ATP resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in CCL18 release, but had no effect on the concentration of IL-1β. In contrast, delayed stimulation with ATP had no effect on either CCL18 or IL-1β release. Similar results were observed in a model of inflammation using lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human monocytes. Stimulation with the P2X7 receptor agonist Bz-ATP mimicked the effect of ATP on M2-macrophage differentiation, indicating that P2X7 is involved in ATP-induced inhibition of CCL18 release. Indeed, P2X7 was downregulated during spontaneous M2 differentiation, which may partially explain the ineffectiveness of late ATP stimulation of monocytes. However, pre-incubation of monocytes with PPADS, Suramin (unselective P2X- and P2Y-receptor blockers) and KN62 (P2X7-antagonist) failed to reverse the reduction of CCL18 by ATP. CONCLUSIONS ATP prevents spontaneous differentiation of monocytes into M2-like macrophages in a dose- and time-dependent manner. These effects were not mediated by P2X and P2Y receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt F Scherr
- Department of Pneumology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Engesserstr. 4 5thFloor, 79106 79108, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin F Reiner
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Flavia Baumann
- Emergency Department, University Hospital Zurich, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kerstin Höhne
- Department of Pneumology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Engesserstr. 4 5thFloor, 79106 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Müller
- Department of Pneumology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Engesserstr. 4 5thFloor, 79106 79108, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Pneumology, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Korcan Ayata
- Department of Pneumology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Engesserstr. 4 5thFloor, 79106 79108, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Joachim Müller-Quernheim
- Department of Pneumology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Engesserstr. 4 5thFloor, 79106 79108, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marco Idzko
- Department of Pneumology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Engesserstr. 4 5thFloor, 79106 79108, Freiburg, Germany
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gernot Zissel
- Department of Pneumology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Engesserstr. 4 5thFloor, 79106 79108, Freiburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wu J, Li Z, Deng Y, Lu X, Luo C, Mu X, Zhang T, Liu Q, Tang S, Li J, An Q, Fan D, Xiang Y, Wu X, Hu Y, Du Q, Xu J, Xie R. Function of TRP channels in monocytes/macrophages. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1187890. [PMID: 37404813 PMCID: PMC10315479 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1187890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential channel (TRP channel) family is a kind of non- specific cation channel widely distributed in various tissues and organs of the human body, including the respiratory system, cardiovascular system, immune system, etc. It has been reported that various TRP channels are expressed in mammalian macrophages. TRP channels may be involved in various signaling pathways in the development of various systemic diseases through changes in intracellular concentrations of cations such as calcium and magnesium. These TRP channels may also intermingle with macrophage activation signals to jointly regulate the occurrence and development of diseases. Here, we summarize recent findings on the expression and function of TRP channels in macrophages and discuss their role as modulators of macrophage activation and function. As research on TRP channels in health and disease progresses, it is anticipated that positive or negative modulators of TRP channels for treating specific diseases may be promising therapeutic options for the prevention and/or treatment of disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangbo Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Ya Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xianmin Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Chen Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xingyi Mu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Siqi Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jiajing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qimin An
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Dongdong Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yiwei Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xianli Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yanxia Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qian Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jingyu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Rui Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gokula V, Terrero D, Joe B. Six Decades of History of Hypertension Research at the University of Toledo: Highlighting Pioneering Contributions in Biochemistry, Genetics, and Host-Microbiota Interactions. Curr Hypertens Rep 2022; 24:669-685. [PMID: 36301488 PMCID: PMC9708772 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-022-01226-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The study aims to capture the history and lineage of hypertension researchers from the University of Toledo in Ohio and showcase their collective scientific contributions dating from their initial discoveries of the physiology of adrenal and renal systems and genetics regulating blood pressure (BP) to its more contemporary contributions including microbiota and metabolomic links to BP regulation. RECENT FINDINGS The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences (UTCOMLS), previously known as the Medical College of Ohio, has contributed significantly to our understanding of the etiology of hypertension. Two of the scientists, Patrick Mulrow and John Rapp from UTCOMLS, have been recognized with the highest honor, the Excellence in Hypertension award from the American Heart Association for their pioneering work on the physiology and genetics of hypertension, respectively. More recently, Bina Joe has continued their legacy in the basic sciences by uncovering previously unknown novel links between microbiota and metabolites to the etiology of hypertension, work that has been recognized by the American Heart Association with multiple awards. On the clinical research front, Christopher Cooper and colleagues lead the CORAL trials and contributed importantly to the investigations on renal artery stenosis treatment paradigms. Hypertension research at this institution has not only provided these pioneering insights, but also grown careers of scientists as leaders in academia as University Presidents and Deans of Medical Schools. Through the last decade, the university has expanded its commitment to Hypertension research as evident through the development of the Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine led by Bina Joe as its founding Director. Hypertension being the top risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, which is the leading cause of human mortality, is an important area of research in multiple international universities. The UTCOMLS is one such university which, for the last 6 decades, has made significant contributions to our current understanding of hypertension. This review is a synthesis of this rich history. Additionally, it also serves as a collection of audio archives by more recent faculty who are also prominent leaders in the field of hypertension research, including John Rapp, Bina Joe, and Christopher Cooper, which are cataloged at Interviews .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veda Gokula
- Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Block Health Science Building, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH, 43614-2598, USA
| | - David Terrero
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Bina Joe
- Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Block Health Science Building, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH, 43614-2598, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Selezneva A, Gibb AJ, Willis D. The contribution of ion channels to shaping macrophage behaviour. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:970234. [PMID: 36160429 PMCID: PMC9490177 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.970234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The expanding roles of macrophages in physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms now include normal tissue homeostasis, tissue repair and regeneration, including neuronal tissue; initiation, progression, and resolution of the inflammatory response and a diverse array of anti-microbial activities. Two hallmarks of macrophage activity which appear to be fundamental to their diverse cellular functionalities are cellular plasticity and phenotypic heterogeneity. Macrophage plasticity allows these cells to take on a broad spectrum of differing cellular phenotypes in response to local and possibly previous encountered environmental signals. Cellular plasticity also contributes to tissue- and stimulus-dependent macrophage heterogeneity, which manifests itself as different macrophage phenotypes being found at different tissue locations and/or after different cell stimuli. Together, plasticity and heterogeneity align macrophage phenotypes to their required local cellular functions and prevent inappropriate activation of the cell, which could lead to pathology. To execute the appropriate function, which must be regulated at the qualitative, quantitative, spatial and temporal levels, macrophages constantly monitor intracellular and extracellular parameters to initiate and control the appropriate cell signaling cascades. The sensors and signaling mechanisms which control macrophages are the focus of a considerable amount of research. Ion channels regulate the flow of ions between cellular membranes and are critical to cell signaling mechanisms in a variety of cellular functions. It is therefore surprising that the role of ion channels in the macrophage biology has been relatively overlooked. In this review we provide a summary of ion channel research in macrophages. We begin by giving a narrative-based explanation of the membrane potential and its importance in cell biology. We then report on research implicating different ion channel families in macrophage functions. Finally, we highlight some areas of ion channel research in macrophages which need to be addressed, future possible developments in this field and therapeutic potential.
Collapse
|
8
|
Stevens TW, Khalaf FK, Soehnlen S, Hegde P, Storm K, Meenakshisundaram C, Dworkin LD, Malhotra D, Haller ST, Kennedy DJ, Dube P. Dirty Jobs: Macrophages at the Heart of Cardiovascular Disease. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1579. [PMID: 35884884 PMCID: PMC9312498 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the greatest public health concerns and is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States and worldwide. CVD is a broad yet complex term referring to numerous heart and vascular conditions, all with varying pathologies. Macrophages are one of the key factors in the development of these conditions. Macrophages play diverse roles in the maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis, and an imbalance of these mechanisms contributes to the development of CVD. In the current review, we provide an in-depth analysis of the diversity of macrophages, their roles in maintaining tissue homeostasis within the heart and vasculature, and the mechanisms through which imbalances in homeostasis may lead to CVD. Through this review, we aim to highlight the potential importance of macrophages in the identification of preventative, diagnostic, and therapeutic strategies for patients with CVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Travis W. Stevens
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43606, USA; (T.W.S.); (F.K.K.); (S.S.); (P.H.); (K.S.); (C.M.); (L.D.D.); (D.M.); (S.T.H.)
| | - Fatimah K. Khalaf
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43606, USA; (T.W.S.); (F.K.K.); (S.S.); (P.H.); (K.S.); (C.M.); (L.D.D.); (D.M.); (S.T.H.)
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Alkafeel, Najaf 54001, Iraq
| | - Sophia Soehnlen
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43606, USA; (T.W.S.); (F.K.K.); (S.S.); (P.H.); (K.S.); (C.M.); (L.D.D.); (D.M.); (S.T.H.)
| | - Prajwal Hegde
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43606, USA; (T.W.S.); (F.K.K.); (S.S.); (P.H.); (K.S.); (C.M.); (L.D.D.); (D.M.); (S.T.H.)
| | - Kyle Storm
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43606, USA; (T.W.S.); (F.K.K.); (S.S.); (P.H.); (K.S.); (C.M.); (L.D.D.); (D.M.); (S.T.H.)
| | - Chandramohan Meenakshisundaram
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43606, USA; (T.W.S.); (F.K.K.); (S.S.); (P.H.); (K.S.); (C.M.); (L.D.D.); (D.M.); (S.T.H.)
| | - Lance D. Dworkin
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43606, USA; (T.W.S.); (F.K.K.); (S.S.); (P.H.); (K.S.); (C.M.); (L.D.D.); (D.M.); (S.T.H.)
| | - Deepak Malhotra
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43606, USA; (T.W.S.); (F.K.K.); (S.S.); (P.H.); (K.S.); (C.M.); (L.D.D.); (D.M.); (S.T.H.)
| | - Steven T. Haller
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43606, USA; (T.W.S.); (F.K.K.); (S.S.); (P.H.); (K.S.); (C.M.); (L.D.D.); (D.M.); (S.T.H.)
| | - David J. Kennedy
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43606, USA; (T.W.S.); (F.K.K.); (S.S.); (P.H.); (K.S.); (C.M.); (L.D.D.); (D.M.); (S.T.H.)
| | - Prabhatchandra Dube
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43606, USA; (T.W.S.); (F.K.K.); (S.S.); (P.H.); (K.S.); (C.M.); (L.D.D.); (D.M.); (S.T.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hu X, Luo H, Dou C, Chen X, Huang Y, Wang L, Xue S, Sun Z, Chen S, Xu Q, Geng T, Zhao X, Cui H. Metformin Triggers Apoptosis and Induction of the G0/G1 Switch 2 Gene in Macrophages. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12091437. [PMID: 34573418 PMCID: PMC8468785 DOI: 10.3390/genes12091437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metformin is a widely used antidiabetic drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and has been recently demonstrated to possess anti-inflammatory properties via AMPK-mediated modulation of M2 macrophage activation. However, the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of metformin on inflammatory macrophages are still not fully elucidated. In this study, we found that metformin induced apoptosis in macrophages. In particular, metformin induced apoptosis of M1 macrophages, based on M1 marker genes in apoptotic macrophages. Next, we comprehensively screened metformin-responsive genes in macrophages by RNA-seq and focused on the extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway. The G0/G1 switch 2 gene (G0S2) was robustly up-regulated by metformin in macrophages. Overexpression of G0S2 significantly induced apoptosis of macrophages in a dose-dependent manner and blunted the function of the crucial anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2, which was significantly reduced by metformin. These findings show that metformin promoted apoptosis of macrophages, especially M1 macrophages, via G0S2 induction and provides a novel anti-inflammatory mechanism of metformin through induction of macrophage apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuming Hu
- Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.H.); (H.L.); (C.D.); (X.C.); (L.W.); (S.X.); (Z.S.); (S.C.); (T.G.)
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada;
| | - Huan Luo
- Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.H.); (H.L.); (C.D.); (X.C.); (L.W.); (S.X.); (Z.S.); (S.C.); (T.G.)
| | - Chunfeng Dou
- Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.H.); (H.L.); (C.D.); (X.C.); (L.W.); (S.X.); (Z.S.); (S.C.); (T.G.)
| | - Xujing Chen
- Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.H.); (H.L.); (C.D.); (X.C.); (L.W.); (S.X.); (Z.S.); (S.C.); (T.G.)
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Suzhou Vocational Health College, Suzhou 215009, China;
| | - Liping Wang
- Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.H.); (H.L.); (C.D.); (X.C.); (L.W.); (S.X.); (Z.S.); (S.C.); (T.G.)
| | - Songlei Xue
- Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.H.); (H.L.); (C.D.); (X.C.); (L.W.); (S.X.); (Z.S.); (S.C.); (T.G.)
| | - Zhen Sun
- Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.H.); (H.L.); (C.D.); (X.C.); (L.W.); (S.X.); (Z.S.); (S.C.); (T.G.)
| | - Shihao Chen
- Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.H.); (H.L.); (C.D.); (X.C.); (L.W.); (S.X.); (Z.S.); (S.C.); (T.G.)
| | - Qi Xu
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada;
| | - Tuoyu Geng
- Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.H.); (H.L.); (C.D.); (X.C.); (L.W.); (S.X.); (Z.S.); (S.C.); (T.G.)
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada;
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (H.C.)
| | - Hengmi Cui
- Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.H.); (H.L.); (C.D.); (X.C.); (L.W.); (S.X.); (Z.S.); (S.C.); (T.G.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agricultural & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention & Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases & Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (H.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dube P, DeRiso A, Patel M, Battepati D, Khatib-Shahidi B, Sharma H, Gupta R, Malhotra D, Dworkin L, Haller S, Kennedy D. Vascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease: Diversity in the Vessel Wall. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9040404. [PMID: 33917965 PMCID: PMC8068383 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9040404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is one of the major causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). VC is a complex process expressing similarity to bone metabolism in onset and progression. VC in CKD is promoted by various factors not limited to hyperphosphatemia, Ca/Pi imbalance, uremic toxins, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and activation of multiple signaling pathways in different cell types, including vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), macrophages, and endothelial cells. In the current review, we provide an in-depth analysis of the various kinds of VC, the clinical significance and available therapies, significant contributions from multiple cell types, and the associated cellular and molecular mechanisms for the VC process in the setting of CKD. Thus, we seek to highlight the key factors and cell types driving the pathology of VC in CKD in order to assist in the identification of preventative, diagnostic, and therapeutic strategies for patients burdened with this disease.
Collapse
|
11
|
Froghi S, Grant CR, Tandon R, Quaglia A, Davidson B, Fuller B. New Insights on the Role of TRP Channels in Calcium Signalling and Immunomodulation: Review of Pathways and Implications for Clinical Practice. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2021; 60:271-292. [PMID: 33405100 PMCID: PMC7985118 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-020-08824-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the human body and is central to many physiological processes, including immune system activation and maintenance. Studies continue to reveal the intricacies of calcium signalling within the immune system. Perhaps the most well-understood mechanism of calcium influx into cells is store-operated calcium entry (SOCE), which occurs via calcium release-activated channels (CRACs). SOCE is central to the activation of immune system cells; however, more recent studies have demonstrated the crucial role of other calcium channels, including transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. In this review, we describe the expression and function of TRP channels within the immune system and outline associations with murine models of disease and human conditions. Therefore, highlighting the importance of TRP channels in disease and reviewing potential. The TRP channel family is significant, and its members have a continually growing number of cellular processes. Within the immune system, TRP channels are involved in a diverse range of functions including T and B cell receptor signalling and activation, antigen presentation by dendritic cells, neutrophil and macrophage bactericidal activity, and mast cell degranulation. Not surprisingly, these channels have been linked to many pathological conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, chronic fatigue syndrome and myalgic encephalomyelitis, atherosclerosis, hypertension and atopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saied Froghi
- Department of HPB & Liver Transplantation, Royal Free Hospital, Pond St, Hampstead, London, NW3 2QG, UK. .,Division of Surgery & Interventional Sciences/University College London (UCL), Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, Hampstead, London, NW3 2QG, UK. .,HCA Senior Clinical Fellow (HPB & Liver Transplant), Wellington Hospital, St Johns Wood, London, UK.
| | - Charlotte R Grant
- Department of HPB & Liver Transplantation, Royal Free Hospital, Pond St, Hampstead, London, NW3 2QG, UK
| | - Radhika Tandon
- Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, UK, S10 2RX
| | - Alberto Quaglia
- Department of Pathology, Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, Hampstead, London, NW3 2QG, UK
| | - Brian Davidson
- Department of HPB & Liver Transplantation, Royal Free Hospital, Pond St, Hampstead, London, NW3 2QG, UK.,Division of Surgery & Interventional Sciences/University College London (UCL), Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, Hampstead, London, NW3 2QG, UK
| | - Barry Fuller
- Division of Surgery & Interventional Sciences/University College London (UCL), Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, Hampstead, London, NW3 2QG, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lee SJ, Lee IK, Jeon JH. Vascular Calcification-New Insights Into Its Mechanism. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082685. [PMID: 32294899 PMCID: PMC7216228 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC), which is categorized by intimal and medial calcification, depending on the site(s) involved within the vessel, is closely related to cardiovascular disease. Specifically, medial calcification is prevalent in certain medical situations, including chronic kidney disease and diabetes. The past few decades have seen extensive research into VC, revealing that the mechanism of VC is not merely a consequence of a high-phosphorous and -calcium milieu, but also occurs via delicate and well-organized biologic processes, including an imbalance between osteochondrogenic signaling and anticalcific events. In addition to traditionally established osteogenic signaling, dysfunctional calcium homeostasis is prerequisite in the development of VC. Moreover, loss of defensive mechanisms, by microorganelle dysfunction, including hyper-fragmented mitochondria, mitochondrial oxidative stress, defective autophagy or mitophagy, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, may all contribute to VC. To facilitate the understanding of vascular calcification, across any number of bioscientific disciplines, we provide this review of a detailed updated molecular mechanism of VC. This encompasses a vascular smooth muscle phenotypic of osteogenic differentiation, and multiple signaling pathways of VC induction, including the roles of inflammation and cellular microorganelle genesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun Joo Lee
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Korea;
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Korea;
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Korea;
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-(53)-200-3182; Fax: +82-(53)-200-3155
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nishiyama K, Numaga-Tomita T, Fujimoto Y, Tanaka T, Toyama C, Nishimura A, Yamashita T, Matsunaga N, Koyanagi S, Azuma YT, Ibuki Y, Uchida K, Ohdo S, Nishida M. Ibudilast attenuates doxorubicin-induced cytotoxicity by suppressing formation of TRPC3 channel and NADPH oxidase 2 protein complexes. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:3723-3738. [PMID: 31241172 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Doxorubicin is a highly effective anticancer agent but eventually induces cardiotoxicity associated with increased production of ROS. We previously reported that a pathological protein interaction between TRPC3 channels and NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2) contributed to doxorubicin-induced cardiac atrophy in mice. Here we have investigated the effects of ibudilast, a drug already approved for clinical use and known to block doxorubicin-induced cytotoxicity, on the TRPC3-Nox2 complex. We specifically sought evidence that this drug attenuated doxorubicin-induced systemic tissue wasting in mice. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We used the RAW264.7 macrophage cell line to screen 1,271 clinically approved chemical compounds, evaluating functional interactions between TRPC3 channels and Nox2, by measuring Nox2 protein stability and ROS production, with and without exposure to doxorubicin. In male C57BL/6 mice, samples of cardiac and gastrocnemius muscle were taken and analysed with morphometric, immunohistochemical, RT-PCR and western blot methods. In the passive smoking model, cells were exposed to DMEM containing cigarette sidestream smoke. KEY RESULTS Ibudilast, an anti-asthmatic drug, attenuated ROS-mediated muscle toxicity induced by doxorubicin treatment or passive smoking, by inhibiting the functional interactions between TRPC3 channels and Nox2, without reducing TRPC3 channel activity. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These results indicate a common mechanism underlying induction of systemic tissue wasting by doxorubicin. They also suggest that ibudilast could be repurposed to prevent muscle toxicity caused by anticancer drugs or passive smoking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Nishiyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takuro Numaga-Tomita
- National Institute for Physiological Sciences (NIPS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS), Okazaki, Japan.,Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), NINS, Okazaki, Japan.,Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI (School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Fujimoto
- National Institute for Physiological Sciences (NIPS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS), Okazaki, Japan.,Division of Veterinary Science, Osaka Prefecture University Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Tanaka
- National Institute for Physiological Sciences (NIPS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS), Okazaki, Japan.,Center for Novel Science Initiatives (CNSI), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chiemi Toyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akiyuki Nishimura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,National Institute for Physiological Sciences (NIPS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS), Okazaki, Japan.,Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), NINS, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Yamashita
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Naoya Matsunaga
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Satoru Koyanagi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasu-Taka Azuma
- Division of Veterinary Science, Osaka Prefecture University Graduate School of Life and Environmental Science, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuko Ibuki
- Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Koji Uchida
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Ohdo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Motohiro Nishida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,National Institute for Physiological Sciences (NIPS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS), Okazaki, Japan.,Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), NINS, Okazaki, Japan.,Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI (School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chauhan A, Sun Y, Sukumaran P, Quenum Zangbede FO, Jondle CN, Sharma A, Evans DL, Chauhan P, Szlabick RE, Aaland MO, Birnbaumer L, Sharma J, Singh BB, Mishra BB. M1 Macrophage Polarization Is Dependent on TRPC1-Mediated Calcium Entry. iScience 2018; 8:85-102. [PMID: 30293012 PMCID: PMC6174824 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage plasticity is essential for innate immunity, but in-depth signaling mechanism(s) regulating their functional phenotypes are ill-defined. Here we report that interferon (IFN) γ priming of naive macrophages induces store-mediated Ca2+ entry and inhibition of Ca2+ entry impairs polarization to M1 inflammatory phenotype. In vitro and in vivo functional analyses revealed ORAI1 to be a primary contributor to basal Ca2+ influx in macrophages, whereas IFNγ-induced Ca2+ influx was mediated by TRPC1. Deficiency of TRPC1 displayed abrogated IFNγ-induced M1 inflammatory mediators in macrophages. In a preclinical model of peritonitis by Klebsiella pneumoniae infection, macrophages showed increased Ca2+ influx, which was TRPC1 dependent. Macrophages from infected TRPC1−/− mice showed inhibited expression of M1-associated signature molecules. Furthermore, in human patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome, the level of TRPC1 expression in circulating macrophages directly correlated with M1 inflammatory mediators. Overall, TRPC1-mediated Ca2+ influx is essential for the induction/shaping of macrophage polarization to M1 inflammatory phenotype. TRPC1 mediates sterile or infection-induced Ca2+ influx and M1 phenotype in macrophages ORAI1 mediates the basal Ca2+ influx in macrophages In patients with SIRS, the TRPC1 level correlates with M1 inflammatory mediators in macrophages
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arun Chauhan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Yuyang Sun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Pramod Sukumaran
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Fredice O Quenum Zangbede
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Christopher N Jondle
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Atul Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Dustin L Evans
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Pooja Chauhan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Randolph E Szlabick
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Mary O Aaland
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Lutz Birnbaumer
- Neurobiology Laboratory, NIHES, NIH, 111 TW Alexander Dr., Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA; School of Medical Sciences, Catholic University of Argentina, Institute of Biomedical Research (BIOMED UCA-CONICET), Av. Alicia Moreau de Justo 1300, Edificio San Jose Piso 3, Buenos Aires C1107AAZ, Argentina
| | - Jyotika Sharma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Brij B Singh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
| | - Bibhuti B Mishra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of North Dakota, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Santoni G, Morelli MB, Amantini C, Santoni M, Nabissi M, Marinelli O, Santoni A. "Immuno-Transient Receptor Potential Ion Channels": The Role in Monocyte- and Macrophage-Mediated Inflammatory Responses. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1273. [PMID: 29928281 PMCID: PMC5997787 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Monocytes and macrophages play important roles in health and disease. They have a central role in protecting the host, as they clear pathogens and modulate other immune cell functions through the production of regulatory molecules. Their functions include immune surveillance, bacterial killing, tissue remodeling and repair, clearance of cell debris and more. Macrophages can have beneficial and detrimental effects on the outcome of several diseases depending on the microenvironment and the activation state of cells. Over the past few years, there has been an increasing interest in the expression and functions of ion channels, in particular of transient receptor potential (TRP) channel family in immune cells. The 30 members of mammalian TRP channels are subdivided into TRPC, TRPV, TRPM, TRPML, TRPP, and TRPA superfamily, and several members of TRP subfamily have been found to be functionally expressed in monocytes and macrophages. TRP are cation-selective channels that are weakly voltage-sensitive and diversely gated by temperature, mechanical force, electrophiles, ligands, and internal cues, such as membrane composition and pH, contributing to immune and inflammatory responses. The TRP channels play major roles in controlling several monocyte and macrophage functions such as phagocytosis, production of chemokines and cytokines, cell survival, polarization and so forth. In addition, they can also be potential therapeutic targets in a variety of inflammatory diseases. Thus, the goal of this review is to describe the role of TRP channels in the control of monocyte–macrophage functions in inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Santoni
- Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Maria Beatrice Morelli
- Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Consuelo Amantini
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Matteo Santoni
- Clinical Oncology Unit, Macerata Hospital, Macerata, Italy
| | - Massimo Nabissi
- Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Oliviero Marinelli
- Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy.,School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Angela Santoni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,Neuromed I.R.C.C.S. - Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo, Pozzilli, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Rattazzi M, Rosenfeld ME. The multifaceted role of macrophages in cardiovascular calcification. Atherosclerosis 2018; 270:193-195. [PMID: 29395099 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
|
17
|
Fliniaux I, Germain E, Farfariello V, Prevarskaya N. TRPs and Ca2+ in cell death and survival. Cell Calcium 2018; 69:4-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
18
|
Dube PR, Chikkamenahalli LL, Birnbaumer L, Vazquez G. Reduced calcification and osteogenic features in advanced atherosclerotic plaques of mice with macrophage-specific loss of TRPC3. Atherosclerosis 2017; 270:199-204. [PMID: 29290366 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Recent in vitro studies have showed that in macrophages, deletion of the non-selective Ca2+-permeable channel TRPC3 impairs expression of the osteogenic protein BMP-2. The pathophysiological relevance of this effect in atherosclerotic plaque calcification remains to be determined. METHODS We used Ldlr-/- mice with macrophage-specific loss of TRPC3 (MacTrpc3-/-/Ldlr-/-) to examine the effect of macrophage Trpc3 on plaque calcification and osteogenic features in advanced atherosclerosis. RESULTS After 25 weeks on high fat diet, aortic root plaques in MacTrpc3-/-/Ldlr-/- mice showed reduced size, lipid and macrophage content compared to controls. Plaque calcification was decreased in MacTrpc3-/-/Ldlr-/- mice, and this was accompanied by marked reduction in BMP-2, Runx-2 and phospho-SMAD1/5 contents within macrophage-rich areas. Expression of Bmp-2 and Runx-2 was also reduced in bone marrow-derived macrophages from MacTrpc3-/-/Ldlr-/- mice. CONCLUSIONS These findings show that, in advanced atherosclerosis, selective deletion of TRPC3 in macrophages favors plaque regression and impairs the activity of a novel macrophage-associated, BMP-2-dependent mechanism of calcification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prabhatchandra R Dube
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Health Science Campus, 3000 Transverse Dr., Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Lakshmikanth L Chikkamenahalli
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Health Science Campus, 3000 Transverse Dr., Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Lutz Birnbaumer
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 TW Alexander Dr., Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA; Institute of Biomedical Research (BIOMED UCA-CONICET), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Av. Alicia Moreau de Justo 1600, C1107AFF Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Vazquez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Health Science Campus, 3000 Transverse Dr., Toledo, OH 43614, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Dube PR, Birnbaumer L, Vazquez G. Evidence for constitutive bone morphogenetic protein-2 secretion by M1 macrophages: Constitutive auto/paracrine osteogenic signaling by BMP-2 in M1 macrophages. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 491:154-158. [PMID: 28711495 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.07.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mechanisms mediating vascular calcification recapitulate osteogenic processes encompassing bone formation and imply participation of bone related proteins such as bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2). Macrophages are amongst the cells that contribute to vascular ossification by releasing cytokines that induce an osteogenic program in vascular smooth muscle cells, and also by becoming themselves osteoclast-like cells. In inflammatory vascular disease, the macrophage population in the vascular wall is diverse, with the M1 or inflammatory, and the M2 or anti-inflammatory macrophage types being dominant. Yet, the osteogenic potential of M1 and M2 macrophages remains unknown. Prompted by recent studies from our laboratory showing that in macrophages the Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 3 (TRPC3) channel contributes to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced apoptosis in M1, but not in M2 macrophages, and given the strong relationship between ER stress and vascular calcification, we wished to examine whether TRPC3 would play a role in the osteogenic signaling of polarized macrophages. The findings reported here indicate that a constitutive BMP-2-dependent signaling operates in M1 macrophages, which is not affected by deletion of Trpc3 and is not subject to regulation by ER stress. Our studies suggest operation of an auto/paracrine mechanism by which BMP-2 secreted by M1 macrophages maintains constitutive activation of a BMP-2 receptor/SMAD1/5 signaling axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prabhatchandra R Dube
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Transverse Dr., Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Lutz Birnbaumer
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 TW Alexander Dr., Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA; Institute for Biomedical Research (BIOMED UCA-CONICET), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Av. Alicia Moreau de Justo 1600, C1107AFF Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Vazquez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Transverse Dr., Toledo, OH 43614, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Reduced Necrosis and Content of Apoptotic M1 Macrophages in Advanced Atherosclerotic Plaques of Mice With Macrophage-Specific Loss of Trpc3. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42526. [PMID: 28186192 PMCID: PMC5301208 DOI: 10.1038/srep42526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In previous work we reported that ApoeKO mice transplanted with bone marrow cells deficient in the Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 3 (TRPC3) channel have reduced necrosis and number of apoptotic macrophages in advanced atherosclerotic plaques. Also, in vitro studies with polarized macrophages derived from mice with macrophage-specific loss of TRPC3 showed that M1, but not M2 macrophages, deficient in Trpc3 are less susceptible to ER stress-induced apoptosis than Trpc3 expressing cells. The questions remained (a) whether the plaque phenotype in transplanted mice resulted from a genuine effect of Trpc3 on macrophages, and (b) whether the reduced necrosis and macrophage apoptosis in plaques of these mice was a manifestation of the selective effect of TRPC3 on apoptosis of M1 macrophages previously observed in vitro. Here, we addressed these questions using Ldlr knockout (Ldlr−/−) mice with macrophage-specific loss of Trpc3 (MacTrpc3−/−/Ldlr−/− → Ldlr−/−). Compared to controls, we observed decreased plaque necrosis and number of apoptotic macrophages in MacTrpc3−/−/Ldlr−/− → Ldlr−/− mice. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed a reduction in apoptotic M1, but not apoptotic M2 macrophages. These findings confirm an effect of TRPC3 on plaque necrosis and support the notion that this is likely a reflection of the reduced susceptibility of Trpc3-deficient M1 macrophages to apoptosis.
Collapse
|
21
|
Kumarasamy S, Solanki S, Atolagbe OT, Joe B, Birnbaumer L, Vazquez G. Deep Transcriptomic Profiling of M1 Macrophages Lacking Trpc3. Sci Rep 2017; 7:39867. [PMID: 28051144 PMCID: PMC5209678 DOI: 10.1038/srep39867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In previous studies using mice with macrophage-specific loss of TRPC3 we found a significant, selective effect of TRPC3 on the biology of M1, or inflammatory macrophages. Whereas activation of some components of the unfolded protein response and the pro-apoptotic mediators CamkII and Stat1 was impaired in Trpc3-deficient M1 cells, gathering insight about other molecular signatures within macrophages that might be affected by Trpc3 expression requires an alternative approach. In the present study we conducted RNA-seq analysis to interrogate the transcriptome of M1 macrophages derived from mice with macrophage-specific loss of TRPC3 and their littermate controls. We identified 160 significantly differentially expressed genes between the two groups, of which 62 were upregulated and 98 downregulated in control vs. Trpc3-deficient M1 macrophages. Gene ontology analysis revealed enrichment in processes associated to cellular movement and lipid signaling, whereas the enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways included networks for calcium signaling and cell adhesion molecules, among others. This is the first deep transcriptomic analysis of macrophages in the context of Trpc3 deficiency and the data presented constitutes a unique resource to further explore functions of TRPC3 in macrophage biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sivarajan Kumarasamy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Transverse Dr., Toledo, Ohio 43614 USA
| | - Sumeet Solanki
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Transverse Dr., Toledo, Ohio 43614 USA
| | - Oluwatomisin T Atolagbe
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Transverse Dr., Toledo, Ohio 43614 USA
| | - Bina Joe
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Transverse Dr., Toledo, Ohio 43614 USA
| | - Lutz Birnbaumer
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 TW Alexander Dr., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709 USA.,Institute of Biomedical Research (BIOMED UCA-CONICET), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Av. Alicia Moreau de Justo 1600, C1107AFF Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Vazquez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Transverse Dr., Toledo, Ohio 43614 USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Smedlund K, Dube P, Vazquez G. Early steatohepatitis in hyperlipidemic mice with endothelial-specific gain of TRPC3 function precedes changes in aortic atherosclerosis. Physiol Genomics 2016; 48:644-9. [PMID: 27449657 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00067.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its more advanced form nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are the most common chronic liver diseases in developed countries. Moreover, NAFLD and NASH are considerable risk factors for atherosclerosis, the most frequent vascular pathology in these and other metabolic diseases. Despite this strong connection, current knowledge of the relationship between NAFLD/NASH and atherosclerosis is scarce. Recently, we studied hyperlipidemic Apoe knockout mice with endothelial-specific gain of transient receptor potential canonical 3 channel function (TgESTRPC3/ApoeKO) and found that these animals had increased burden of advanced aortic atherosclerosis (16 wk on high-fat diet) compared with nontransgenic ApoeKO littermate controls (non-Tg/ApoeKO), whereas early lesions (10 wk on high-fat diet) were not different. Here, we report that at the early stage when differences in aortic atherosclerosis are not yet manifest, the livers of TgESTRPC3/ApoeKO mice show steatosis, fibrosis, and altered hepatic enzymes compared with non-Tg/ApoeKO animals. Because differences in liver pathology were noticeable long before differences in atherosclerosis were evident, our studies suggest that TRPC3-related endothelial mechanisms that promote steatohepatitis may also contribute to atherosclerosis progression. In vitro, downregulation of TRPC3 in liver sinusoid endothelial cells reduces their susceptibility to endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis, suggesting that a proapoptotic effect of TRPC3 may add to other fibrogenic factors in vivo. These novel findings show a positive association between augmented expression of an endothelial TRPC channel, development of early steatohepatitis, and atherosclerotic burden in a hyperlipidemic mouse model of NAFLD fed conventional Western-type diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Smedlund
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Prabhatachandra Dube
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio
| | - Guillermo Vazquez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Liu MQ, Chen Z, Chen LX. Endoplasmic reticulum stress: a novel mechanism and therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2016; 37:425-43. [PMID: 26838072 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2015.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum is a principal organelle responsible for folding, post-translational modifications and transport of secretory, luminal and membrane proteins, thus palys an important rale in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is a condition that is accelerated by accumulation of unfolded/misfolded proteins after endoplasmic reticulum environment disturbance, triggered by a variety of physiological and pathological factors, such as nutrient deprivation, altered glycosylation, calcium depletion, oxidative stress, DNA damage and energy disturbance, etc. ERS may initiate the unfolded protein response (UPR) to restore cellular homeostasis or lead to apoptosis. Numerous studies have clarified the link between ERS and cardiovascular diseases. This review focuses on ERS-associated molecular mechanisms that participate in physiological and pathophysiological processes of heart and blood vessels. In addition, a number of drugs that regulate ERS was introduced, which may be used to treat cardiovascular diseases. This review may open new avenues for studying the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and discovering novel drugs targeting ERS.
Collapse
|
24
|
Parenti A, De Logu F, Geppetti P, Benemei S. What is the evidence for the role of TRP channels in inflammatory and immune cells? Br J Pharmacol 2016; 173:953-69. [PMID: 26603538 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 10/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A complex network of many interacting mechanisms orchestrates immune and inflammatory responses. Among these, the cation channels of the transient receptor potential (TRP) family expressed by resident tissue cells, inflammatory and immune cells and distinct subsets of primary sensory neurons, have emerged as a novel and interrelated system to detect and respond to harmful agents. TRP channels, by means of their direct effect on the intracellular levels of cations and/or through the indirect modulation of a large series of intracellular pathways, orchestrate a range of cellular processes, such as cytokine production, cell differentiation and cytotoxicity. The contribution of TRP channels to the transition of inflammation and immune responses from a defensive early response to a chronic and pathological condition is also emerging as a possible underlying mechanism in various diseases. This review discusses the roles of TRP channels in inflammatory and immune cell function and provides an overview of the effects of inflammatory and immune TRP channels on the pathogenesis of human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Parenti
- Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - F De Logu
- Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - P Geppetti
- Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - S Benemei
- Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Vazquez G, Solanki S, Dube P, Smedlund K, Ampem P. On the Roles of the Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 3 (TRPC3) Channel in Endothelium and Macrophages: Implications in Atherosclerosis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 898:185-99. [PMID: 27161230 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-26974-0_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the cardiovascular and hematopoietic systems the Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 3 (TRPC3) channel has a well-recognized role in a number of signaling mechanisms that impact the function of diverse cells and tissues in physiology and disease. The latter includes, but is not limited to, molecular and cellular mechanisms associated to the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy, hypertension and endothelial dysfunction. Despite several of these functions being closely related to atherorelevant mechanisms, the potential roles of TRPC3 in atherosclerosis, the major cause of coronary artery disease, have remained largely unexplored. Over recent years, a series of studies from the authors' laboratory revealed novel functions of TRPC3 in mechanisms related to endothelial inflammation, monocyte adhesion to endothelium and survival and apoptosis of macrophages. The relevance of these new TRPC3 functions to atherogenesis has recently began to receive validation through studies in mouse models of atherosclerosis with conditional gain or loss of TRPC3 function. This chapter summarizes these novel findings and provides a discussion of their impact in the context of atherosclerosis, in an attempt to delineate a framework for further exploration of this terra incognita in the TRPC field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Vazquez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Transverse Dr., UTHSC Mail stop 1008, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA.
| | - Sumeet Solanki
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Transverse Dr., UTHSC Mail stop 1008, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Prabhatachandra Dube
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Transverse Dr., UTHSC Mail stop 1008, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Kathryn Smedlund
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Transverse Dr., UTHSC Mail stop 1008, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Prince Ampem
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, and Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, 3000 Transverse Dr., UTHSC Mail stop 1008, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Micro-RNAs and macrophage diversity in atherosclerosis: new players, new challenges…new opportunities for therapeutic intervention? Biochem Biophys Rep 2015; 3:202-206. [PMID: 26457329 PMCID: PMC4594832 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2015.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Efforts in experimental therapeutics of atherosclerosis are mostly focused on identifying candidate targets that can be exploited in developing new strategies to reduce plaque progression, induce its regression and/or improve stability of advanced lesions. Plaque macrophages are central players in all these processes, and consequently a significant amount of research is devoted to understanding mechanisms that regulate, for instance, macrophage apoptosis, necrosis or migration. Macrophage diversity is a key feature of the macrophage population in the plaque and can impact many aspects of lesion development. Thus, searching for molecular entities that contribute to atherorelevant functions of a specific macrophage type but not others may lead to identification of targets that can be exploited in phenotype selective modulation of the lesional macrophage. This however, remains an unmet goal. In recent years several studies have revealed critical functions of micro-RNAs (miRs) in mechanisms of macrophage polarization, and a number of miRs have emerged as being specific of distinctive macrophage subsets. Not only can these miRs represent the first step towards recognition of phenotype specific targets, but they may also pave the way to reveal novel atherorelevant pathways within macrophage subsets. This article discusses some of these recent findings, speculates on their potential relevance to atherosclerosis and elaborates on the prospective use of miRs to affect the function of plaque macrophages in a phenotype selective manner. Micro-RNAs are critical in macrophage polarization and atherosclerosis. Macrophage subsets have distinctive miRs. The use of miRs to target plaque macrophage subsets is discussed.
Collapse
|
27
|
Ampem PT, Smedlund K, Vazquez G. Pharmacological evidence for a role of the transient receptor potential canonical 3 (TRPC3) channel in endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis of human coronary artery endothelial cells. Vascul Pharmacol 2015. [PMID: 26215710 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2015.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Unresolved endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, with the subsequent persistent activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) is a well-recognized mechanism of endothelial cell apoptosis with a major impact on the integrity of the endothelium during the course of cardiovascular diseases. As in other cell types, Ca(2+) influx into endothelial cells can promote ER stress and/or contribute to mechanisms associated with it. In previous work we showed that in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) the Ca(2+)-permeable non-selective cation channel Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 3 (TRPC3) mediates constitutive Ca(2+) influx which is critical for operation of inflammatory signaling in these cells, through a mechanism that entails coupling of TRPC3 constitutive function to activation of Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CAMKII). TRPC3 has been linked to UPR signaling and apoptosis in cells other than endothelial, and CAMKII is a mediator of ER stress-induced apoptosis in various cell types, including endothelial cells. In the present work we used a pharmacological approach to examine whether in HCAECs TRPC3 and CAMKII also contribute to mechanisms of ER stress-induced apoptosis. The findings show for the first time that in HCAECs activation of the UPR and the subsequent ER stress-induced apoptosis exhibit a strong requirement for constitutive Ca(2+) influx and that TRPC3 contributes to this process. In addition, we obtained evidence indicating that, similar to its roles in non-endothelial cells, CAMKII participates in ER stress-induced apoptosis in HCAECs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prince T Ampem
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Health Science Campus, 3000 Transverse Dr., Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Kathryn Smedlund
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Health Science Campus, 3000 Transverse Dr., Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Guillermo Vazquez
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Health Science Campus, 3000 Transverse Dr., Toledo, OH 43614, USA; Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Health Science Campus, 3000 Transverse Dr., Toledo, OH 43614, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Increased size and cellularity of advanced atherosclerotic lesions in mice with endothelial overexpression of the human TRPC3 channel. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:E2201-6. [PMID: 25870279 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1505410112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In previous in vitro studies, we showed that Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 3 (TRPC3), a calcium-permeable, nonselective cation channel endowed with high constitutive function, is an obligatory component of the inflammatory signaling that controls expression of the vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and monocyte adhesion to coronary artery endothelial cells. Also, TRPC3 expression in these cells was found to be up-regulated by proatherogenic factors, which enhanced inflammation and VCAM-1 expression. However, it remained to be determined whether these in vitro findings were of relevance to atherosclerotic lesion development in vivo. To answer this important question in the present work, we generated mice with endothelial-specific overexpression of human TRPC3 in an Apoe knockout background (TgEST3ApoeKO) and examined lesions in the aortic sinus following 10 and 16 wk on a high-fat diet. No significant differences were found in size or complexity of early stage lesions (10 wk). However, advanced plaques (16 wk) from TgEST3ApoeKO mice exhibited a significant increase in size and macrophage content compared with nontransgenic littermate controls. Remarkably, this change was correlated with increased VCAM-1 and phospho-IkBα immunoreactivity along the endothelial lining of lesions from transgenic animals compared with controls. These findings validate the in vivo relevance of previous in vitro findings and represent, to our knowledge, the first in vivo evidence for a proatherogenic role of endothelial TRPC3.
Collapse
|