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Cui M, Jannig P, Halladjian M, Figueiredo VC, Wen Y, Vechetti IJ, Krogh N, Jude B, Edman S, Lanner J, McCarthy J, Murach KA, Sejersen T, Nielsen H, von Walden F. The rRNA epitranscriptome and myonuclear SNORD landscape in skeletal muscle fibers contributes to ribosome heterogeneity and is altered by a hypertrophic stimulus. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 327:C516-C524. [PMID: 38912733 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00301.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
In cell biology, ribosomal RNA (rRNA) 2'O-methyl (2'-O-Me) is the most prevalent posttranscriptional chemical modification contributing to ribosome heterogeneity. The modification involves a family of small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) and is specified by box C/D snoRNAs (SNORDs). Given the importance of ribosome biogenesis for skeletal muscle growth, we asked if rRNA 2'-O-Me in nascent ribosomes synthesized in response to a growth stimulus is an unrecognized mode of ribosome heterogeneity in muscle. To determine the pattern and dynamics of 2'-O-Me rRNA, we used a sequencing-based profiling method called RiboMeth-seq (RMS). We applied this method to tissue-derived rRNA of skeletal muscle and rRNA specifically from the muscle fiber using an inducible myofiber-specific RiboTag mouse in sedentary and mechanically overloaded conditions. These analyses were complemented by myonuclear-specific small RNA sequencing to profile SNORDs and link the rRNA epitranscriptome to known regulatory elements generated within the muscle fiber. We demonstrate for the first time that mechanical overload of skeletal muscle 1) induces decreased 2'-O-Me at a subset of skeletal muscle rRNA and 2) alters the SNORD profile in isolated myonuclei. These findings point to a transient diversification of the ribosome pool via 2'-O-Me during growth and adaptation in skeletal muscle. These findings suggest changes in ribosome heterogeneity at the 2'-O-Me level during muscle hypertrophy and lay the foundation for studies investigating the functional implications of these newly identified "growth-induced" ribosomes.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) are posttranscriptionally modified by 2'O-methyl (2'-O-Me). This study applied RiboMeth-seq (RMS) to detect changes in 2'-O-Me levels during skeletal muscle hypertrophy, uncovering transient diversification of the ribosome pool in skeletal muscle fibers. This work implies a role for ribosome heterogeneity in skeletal muscle growth and adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minying Cui
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paulo Jannig
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maral Halladjian
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vandré C Figueiredo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, United States
| | - Yuan Wen
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| | - Ivan J Vechetti
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, United States
| | - Nicolai Krogh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Baptiste Jude
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sebastian Edman
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johanna Lanner
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John McCarthy
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| | - Kevin A Murach
- Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Exercise Science Research Center, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States
| | - Thomas Sejersen
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Child Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Restorative Medicine, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Henrik Nielsen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ferdinand von Walden
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Restorative Medicine, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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2
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Fennel ZJ, Ducharme JB, Berkemeier QN, Specht JW, McKenna ZJ, Simpson SE, Nava RC, Escobar KA, Hafen PS, Deyhle MR, Amorim FT, Mermier CM. Effect of heat stress on heat shock protein expression and hypertrophy-related signaling in the skeletal muscle of trained individuals. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2023; 325:R735-R749. [PMID: 37842742 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00031.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Muscle mass is balanced between hypertrophy and atrophy by cellular processes, including activation of the protein kinase B-mechanistic target of rapamycin (Akt-mTOR) signaling cascade. Stressors apart from exercise and nutrition, such as heat stress, can stimulate the heat shock protein A (HSPA) and C (HSPC) families alongside hypertrophic signaling factors and muscle growth. The effects of heat stress on HSP expression and Akt-mTOR activation in human skeletal muscle and their magnitude of activation compared with known hypertrophic stimuli are unclear. Here, we show a single session of whole body heat stress following resistance exercise increases the expression of HSPA and activation of the Akt-mTOR cascade in skeletal muscle compared with resistance exercise in a healthy, resistance-trained population. Heat stress alone may also exert similar effects, though the responses are notably variable and require further investigation. In addition, acute heat stress in C2C12 muscle cells enhanced myotube growth and myogenic fusion, albeit to a lesser degree than growth factor-mediated hypertrophy. Though the mechanisms by which heat stress stimulates hypertrophy-related signaling and the potential mechanistic role of HSPs remain unclear, these findings provide additional evidence implicating heat stress as a novel growth stimulus when combined with resistance exercise in human skeletal muscle and alone in isolated murine muscle cells. We believe these findings will help drive further applied and mechanistic investigation into how heat stress influences muscular hypertrophy and atrophy.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We show that acute resistance exercise followed by whole body heat stress increases the expression of HSPA and increases activation of the Akt-mTOR cascade in a physically active and resistance-trained population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary J Fennel
- Department of Health, Exercise & Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - Jeremy B Ducharme
- Department of Health, Exercise & Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
| | - Quint N Berkemeier
- Department of Health, Exercise & Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
| | - Jonathan W Specht
- Department of Health, Exercise & Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
| | - Zachary J McKenna
- Department of Health, Exercise & Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
- Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
| | - Shandy E Simpson
- Department of Health, Exercise & Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
| | - Roberto C Nava
- Fulcrum Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Kurt A Escobar
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, California, United States
| | - Paul S Hafen
- Division of Science, Indiana University Purdue University Columbus, Columbus, Indiana, United States
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - Michael R Deyhle
- Department of Health, Exercise & Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
| | - Fabiano T Amorim
- Department of Health, Exercise & Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
| | - Christine M Mermier
- Department of Health, Exercise & Sports Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
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3
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Roy A, Narkar VA, Kumar A. Emerging role of TAK1 in the regulation of skeletal muscle mass. Bioessays 2023; 45:e2300003. [PMID: 36789559 PMCID: PMC10023406 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202300003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Maintenance of skeletal muscle mass and strength throughout life is crucial for heathy living and longevity. Several signaling pathways have been implicated in the regulation of skeletal muscle mass in adults. TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) is a key protein, which coordinates the activation of multiple signaling pathways. Recently, it was discovered that TAK1 is essential for the maintenance of skeletal muscle mass and myofiber hypertrophy following mechanical overload. Forced activation of TAK1 in skeletal muscle causes hypertrophy and attenuates denervation-induced muscle atrophy. TAK1-mediated signaling in skeletal muscle promotes protein synthesis, redox homeostasis, mitochondrial health, and integrity of neuromuscular junctions. In this article, we have reviewed the role and potential mechanisms through which TAK1 regulates skeletal muscle mass and growth. We have also proposed future areas of research that could be instrumental in exploring TAK1 as therapeutic target for improving muscle mass in various catabolic conditions and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Roy
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Vihang A. Narkar
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston College of Pharmacy, Houston, TX 77204, USA
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Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Signaling at the Crossroad of Muscle Fiber Fate in Sarcopenia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213823. [PMID: 36430301 PMCID: PMC9696247 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a major regulator of skeletal myocyte viability. The signaling pathways triggered by mTOR vary according to the type of endogenous and exogenous factors (e.g., redox balance, nutrient availability, physical activity) as well as organismal age. Here, we provide an overview of mTOR signaling in skeletal muscle, with a special focus on the role played by mTOR in the development of sarcopenia. Intervention strategies targeting mTOR in sarcopenia (e.g., supplementation of plant extracts, hormones, inorganic ions, calorie restriction, and exercise) have also been discussed.
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5
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Han Y, Liang C, Manthari RK, Yu Y, Zhang J, Wang J, Cao J. Distribution characteristics and regulation of amino acids and fatty acids in muscle and adipose tissues of sheep grown in natural grazing environment. Anim Sci J 2022; 93:e13769. [PMID: 36127314 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The composition of amino acid and fatty acid has a vital function on meat quality and animal health. However, the underlying mechanism of amino acid and fatty acid metabolism in sheep during different grazing periods is still unclear. In this study, a total of 12 sheep were employed in different grazing periods. Our results showed that the composition of amino acids and fatty acids in muscle and adipose tissues was significantly altered between dry grass (DG) period and green grass (GG) period. Changes in the activities of the metabolism-related enzymes including BCKD, BCAT2, ACC, SCD, HSL, GSK3β, p-GSK3β, and FABP4 were observed in muscle and adipose during different grazing periods. In addition, the mRNA expression levels of ACC, FAS, SCD, HSL, LPL, and DGAT1 in muscle and adipose tissue were changed markedly in different grazing periods. Furthermore, the expression levels of mTOR and β-catenin/PPARγ/C/EBPα pathway-related proteins were predominantly altered in muscle and adipose among DG and GG. Taken together, all investigations simplified the process of amino acid and fatty acid metabolism disorders caused by different grazing periods, and the mTOR and β-catenin/PPARγ/C/EBPα play the essential role in this process, which provided an underlying mechanism of metabolism and meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Han
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Chen Liang
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Ram Kumar Manthari
- Department of Biotechnology, GITAM Institute of Science, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Yuxiang Yu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Jianhai Zhang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Jundong Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Jinling Cao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China.,College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
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6
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Valentino T, Figueiredo VC, Mobley CB, McCarthy JJ, Vechetti IJ. Evidence of myomiR regulation of the pentose phosphate pathway during mechanical load-induced hypertrophy. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e15137. [PMID: 34889054 PMCID: PMC8661100 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Many of the molecular and cellular mechanisms discovered to regulate skeletal muscle hypertrophy were first identified using the rodent synergist ablation model. This model reveals the intrinsic capability and necessary pathways of skeletal muscle growth in response to mechanical overload (MOV). Reminiscent of the rapid cellular growth observed with cancer, we hypothesized that in response to MOV, skeletal muscle would undergo metabolic programming to sustain increased demands to support hypertrophy. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed the gene expression of specific metabolic pathways taken from transcriptomic microarray data of a MOV time course. We found an upregulation of genes involved in the oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathways (PPP) and mitochondrial branch of the folate cycle suggesting an increase in the production of NADPH. In addition, we sought to determine the potential role of skeletal muscle-enriched microRNA (myomiRs) and satellite cells in the regulation of the metabolic pathways that changed during MOV. We observed an inverse pattern in gene expression between muscle-enriched myomiR-1 and its known target gene glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, G6pdx, suggesting myomiR regulation of PPP activation in response to MOV. Satellite cell fusion had a significant but modest impact on PPP gene expression. These transcriptomic findings suggest the robust muscle hypertrophy induced by MOV requires enhanced redox metabolism via PPP production of NADPH which is potentially regulated by a myomiR network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Valentino
- Department of PhysiologyCollege of MedicineLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- Center for Muscle BiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Vandre C. Figueiredo
- Center for Muscle BiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- Department of Physical TherapyCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | | | - John J. McCarthy
- Department of PhysiologyCollege of MedicineLexingtonKentuckyUSA
- Center for Muscle BiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Ivan J. Vechetti
- Department of Nutrition and Health SciencesCollege of Education and Human SciencesUniversity of Nebraska‐LincolnLincolnNebraskaUSA
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7
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Kamada Y, Toyama S, Arai Y, Inoue H, Nakagawa S, Fujii Y, Kaihara K, Kishida T, Mazda O, Takahashi K. Treadmill running prevents atrophy differently in fast- versus slow-twitch muscles in a rat model of rheumatoid arthritis. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2021; 42:429-441. [PMID: 34687403 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-021-09610-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of treadmill running on two different types of skeletal muscle, we established a rat model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). The skeletal muscles studied were the extensor digitorum longus (EDL), which is rich in fast-twitch muscle fibers, and the soleus, which is rich in slow-twitch muscle fibers. The histological and transcriptional changes in these muscles at 14 and 44 days after immunosensitization were compared between rats that were forced to exercise (CIA ex group) and free-reared CIA rats (CIA no group). Change in protein expression was examined on day 14 after a single bout of treadmill running. Treadmill running had different effects on the relative muscle weight and total and fiber cross-sectional areas in each muscle type. In the soleus, it prevented muscle atrophy. Transcriptional analysis revealed increased eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (Eif4e) expression on day 14 and increased Atrogin-1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) expression on day 44 in the soleus in the CIA ex group, suggesting an interaction between muscle type and exercise. A single bout of treadmill running increased the level of Eif4e and p70S6K and decreased that of Atrogin-1 in the soleus on day 14. Treadmill running prevented muscle atrophy in the soleus in a rat model of rheumatoid arthritis via activation of mitochondrial function, as evidenced by increased PGC-1α expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichiro Kamada
- Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shogo Toyama
- Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Arai
- Department of Sports and Para-Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Inoue
- Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shuji Nakagawa
- Department of Sports and Para-Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuta Fujii
- Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenta Kaihara
- Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsunao Kishida
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Osam Mazda
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Takahashi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
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8
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Figueiredo VC, McCarthy JJ. Targeting cancer via ribosome biogenesis: the cachexia perspective. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:5775-5787. [PMID: 34196731 PMCID: PMC11072391 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03888-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cachexia afflicts many advanced cancer patients with many progressing to death. While there have been many advancements in understanding the molecular mechanisms that contribute to the development of cancer cachexia, substantial gaps still exist. Chemotherapy drugs often target ribosome biogenesis to slow or blunt tumor cell growth and proliferation. Some of the most frequent side-effects of chemotherapy are loss of skeletal muscle mass, muscular strength and an increase in fatigue. Given that ribosome biogenesis has emerged as a main mechanism regulating muscle hypertrophy, and more recently, also implicated in muscle atrophy, we propose that some chemotherapy drugs can cause further muscle wasting via its effect on skeletal muscle cells. Many chemotherapy drugs, including the most prescribed drugs such as doxorubicin and cisplatin, affect ribosomal DNA transcription, or other pathways related to ribosome biogenesis. Furthermore, middle-aged and older individuals are the most affected population with cancer, and advanced cancer patients often show reduced levels of physical inactivity. Thus, aging and inactivity can themselves affect muscle ribosome biogenesis, which can further worsen the effect of chemotherapy on skeletal muscle ribosome biogenesis and, ultimately, muscle mass and function. We propose that chemotherapy can accelerate the onset or worsen cancer cachexia via its inhibitory effects on skeletal muscle ribosome biogenesis. We end our review by providing recommendations that could be used to ameliorate the negative effects of chemotherapy on skeletal muscle ribosome biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandré Casagrande Figueiredo
- College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
| | - John J McCarthy
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
- Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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9
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Figueiredo VC, Wen Y, Alkner B, Fernandez-Gonzalo R, Norrbom J, Vechetti IJ, Valentino T, Mobley CB, Zentner GE, Peterson CA, McCarthy JJ, Murach KA, von Walden F. Genetic and epigenetic regulation of skeletal muscle ribosome biogenesis with exercise. J Physiol 2021; 599:3363-3384. [PMID: 33913170 DOI: 10.1113/jp281244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Ribosome biogenesis and MYC transcription are associated with acute resistance exercise (RE) and are distinct from endurance exercise in human skeletal muscle throughout a 24 h time course of recovery. A PCR-based method for relative ribosomal DNA (rDNA) copy number estimation was validated by whole genome sequencing and revealed that rDNA dosage is positively correlated with ribosome biogenesis in response to RE. Acute RE modifies rDNA methylation patterns in enhancer, intergenic spacer and non-canonical MYC-associated regions, but not the promoter. Myonuclear-specific rDNA methylation patterns with acute mechanical overload in mice corroborate and expand on rDNA findings with RE in humans. A genetic predisposition for hypertrophic responsiveness may exist based on rDNA gene dosage. ABSTRACT Ribosomes are the macromolecular engines of protein synthesis. Skeletal muscle ribosome biogenesis is stimulated by exercise, although the contribution of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) copy number and methylation to exercise-induced rDNA transcription is unclear. To investigate the genetic and epigenetic regulation of ribosome biogenesis with exercise, a time course of skeletal muscle biopsies was obtained from 30 participants (18 men and 12 women; 31 ± 8 years, 25 ± 4 kg m-2 ) at rest and 30 min, 3 h, 8 h and 24 h after acute endurance (n = 10, 45 min cycling, 70% V ̇ O 2 max ) or resistance exercise (n = 10, 4 × 7 × 2 exercises); 10 control participants underwent biopsies without exercise. rDNA transcription and dosage were assessed using quantitative PCR and whole genome sequencing. rDNA promoter methylation was investigated using massARRAY EpiTYPER and global rDNA CpG methylation was assessed using reduced-representation bisulphite sequencing. Ribosome biogenesis and MYC transcription were associated primarily with resistance but not endurance exercise, indicating preferential up-regulation during hypertrophic processes. With resistance exercise, ribosome biogenesis was associated with rDNA gene dosage, as well as epigenetic changes in enhancer and non-canonical MYC-associated areas in rDNA, but not the promoter. A mouse model of in vivo metabolic RNA labelling and genetic myonuclear fluorescence labelling validated the effects of an acute hypertrophic stimulus on ribosome biogenesis and Myc transcription, and also corroborated rDNA enhancer and Myc-associated methylation alterations specifically in myonuclei. The present study provides the first information on skeletal muscle genetic and rDNA gene-wide epigenetic regulation of ribosome biogenesis in response to exercise, revealing novel roles for rDNA dosage and CpG methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandré C Figueiredo
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Yuan Wen
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Björn Alkner
- Department of Orthopaedics, Eksjö, Region Jönköping County and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Rodrigo Fernandez-Gonzalo
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Unit of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jessica Norrbom
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ivan J Vechetti
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Taylor Valentino
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - C Brooks Mobley
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | | | - Charlotte A Peterson
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - John J McCarthy
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Kevin A Murach
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Ferdinand von Walden
- The Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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