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Chen J, Chen J, Tan J, Li J, Cheng W, Ke L, Wang Q, Wang A, Lin S, Li G, Zhang P, Wang B. HIF-1α dependent RhoA as a novel therapeutic target to regulate rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes migration in vitro and in vivo. J Orthop Translat 2023; 40:49-57. [PMID: 37346290 PMCID: PMC10279694 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2023.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this work is to investigate how the Rho family of GTPases A (RhoA) mediates the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS). Methods The expression of RhoA in the synovial tissues of RA and Healthy people (Control) was detected using immunohistochemistry methods. The expression of RhoA and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is inhibited by small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). The inhibition effect on RA-FLS migration was further investigated. The protein expression level of HIF-1α, RhoA, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), and myosin light chain (MLC) was also analysed using western blotting (WB). DBA1 mice were immunised with the mixture of bovine type II collagen and Freund's adjuvant to establish collagen induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model. Lip-siRhoA is administered through joint injection every two days. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) was used to detect mouse ankle joint destruction and evaluate the bone loss of the periarticular side. Destruction of the ankle articular cartilage was tested by histology. Expressions of P-RhoA, P-FAK and P-MLC in the ankle joint was detected by immunohistochemistry assay. Results The expression level of RhoA in the synovial tissues of RA patients was significantly higher than that in control group. Hypoxia was able to up-regulate the expression of RhoA. Whereas, HIF-1α siRNA (siHIF-1α) could down-regulate the expression of RhoA. Additionally, both of siHIF-1α and RhoA siRNA (siRhoA) delivered by liposome (Lip-siHIF-1α and Lip-siRhoA) were found to suppress FAK and MLC phosphorylation in vitro. In CIA mouse model, Lip-siRhoA was demonstrated to ameliorate the destruction of ankle joint and reduce the severity of ankle joint cartilage damage by micro-CT and histological staining, respectively. Therefore, inhibition of FLS cell migration can protect articular bone from destruction. Furthermore, the expression of P-RhoA, P-FAK and P-MLC was evaluated and found to be down-regulated by Lip-siRhoA in vivo. Conclusion The results demonstrated that under hypoxic environment, HIF-1α dependent RhoA pathway played an important role on cytoskeleton remodelling and RA-FLS migration. Through down-regulating RhoA expression, it could effectively treat RA in vitro and in vivo. The translational potential of this article Our study provides new evidence for the potential clinical application of RhoA as a candidate for the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhai Chen
- Rehabilitation Department of The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen & Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
- Center for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Research Center for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jingqin Chen
- Research Center for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jianwei Tan
- Research Center for Biomedical Optics and Molecular Imaging, CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jian Li
- Center for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wenxiang Cheng
- Center for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Liqing Ke
- Center for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Qijing Wang
- Rehabilitation Department of The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen & Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Anqiao Wang
- Rehabilitation Department of The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen & Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Sien Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Center for Translational Medicine Research and Development, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Benguo Wang
- Rehabilitation Department of The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen & Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
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Mahmoudi A, Atkin SL, Jamialahmadi T, Banach M, Sahebkar A. Effect of Curcumin on Attenuation of Liver Cirrhosis via Genes/Proteins and Pathways: A System Pharmacology Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204344. [PMID: 36297027 PMCID: PMC9609422 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Liver cirrhosis is a life-threatening seqsuel of many chronic liver disorders of varying etiologies. In this study, we investigated protein targets of curcumin in liver cirrhosis based on a bioinformatics approach. Methods: Gene/protein associations with curcumin and liver cirrhosis were probed in drug−gene and gene−diseases databases including STITCH/DGIdb/DisGeNET/OMIM/DISEASES/CTD/Pharos and SwissTargetPrediction. Critical clustering groups (MCODE), hub candidates and critical hub genes in liver cirrhosis were identified, and connections between curcumin and liver cirrhosis-related genes were analyzed via Venn diagram. Interaction of hub genes with curcumin by molecular docking using PyRx-virtual screening tools was performed. Results: MCODE analysis indicated three MCODEs; the cluster (MCODE 1) comprised 79 nodes and 881 edges (score: 22.59). Curcumin database interactions recognized 318 protein targets. Liver cirrhosis genes and curcumin protein targets analysis demonstrated 96 shared proteins, suggesting that curcumin may influence 20 candidate and 13 hub genes, covering 81% of liver cirrhosis critical genes and proteins. Thirteen shared proteins affected oxidative stress regulation, RNA, telomerase activity, cell proliferation, and cell death. Molecular docking analysis showed the affinity of curcumin binding hub genes (Binding affinity: ΔG < −4.9 kcal/mol). Conclusions: Curcumin impacted on several critical liver cirrhosis genes mainly involved in extracellular matrix communication, focal adhesion, and the response to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mahmoudi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Stephen L. Atkin
- School of Postgraduate Studies and Research, RCSI Medical University of Bahrain, Busaiteen, Bahrain
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Preventive Cardiology and Lipidology, Medical University of Lodz (MUL), 93-338 Lodz, Poland
- Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Zielona Gora, 65-417 Zielona Gora, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.B.); or (A.S.); Tel.: +98-513-180-1239 (A.S.); Fax: +98-513-800-2287 (A.S.)
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Correspondence: (M.B.); or (A.S.); Tel.: +98-513-180-1239 (A.S.); Fax: +98-513-800-2287 (A.S.)
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Gomes DA, Joubert AM, Visagie MH. In Vitro Effects of Papaverine on Cell Migration and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Cancer Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4654. [PMID: 35563045 PMCID: PMC9104338 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Papaverine (PPV) is a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Papaver somniferum that exerts antiproliferative activity. However, several questions remain regarding the biochemical pathways affected by PPV in tumourigenic cells. In this study, the influence of PPV on cell migration (light microscopy), expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) B, VEGF R1, VEGF R2, and phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase (pFAK) were investigated using spectrophotometry in MDA-MB-231-, A549- and DU145 cell lines. The migration assay revealed that, after 48 h, PPV (100 µM) reduced cell migration to 81%, 91%, and 71% in MDA-MB-231-, A549-, and DU145 cells, respectively. VEGF B expression was reduced to 0.79-, 0.71-, and 0.73-fold after 48 h of exposure to PPV in MDA-MB-231-, A549- and DU145 cells, while PPV exposure of 48 h increased VEGF R1 expression in MDA-MB-231- and DU145 cells to 1.38 and 1.46. A fold decrease in VEGF R1 expression was observed in A549 cells to 0.90 after exposure to 150 µM. No statistically significant effects were observed on VEGF R2- and FAK expression after exposure to PPV. This study contributes to the understanding of the effects of a phytomedicinal alkaloid compound in cancer cells and may provide novel approaches to the application of non-addictive alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michelle Helen Visagie
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Gezina, Pretoria 0031, South Africa; (D.A.G.); (A.M.J.)
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Chen JWE, Leary S, Barnhouse V, Sarkaria JN, Harley BA. Matrix Hyaluronic Acid and Hypoxia Influence a CD133 + Subset of Patient-Derived Glioblastoma Cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2022; 28:330-340. [PMID: 34435883 PMCID: PMC9057908 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2021.0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) displays diffusive invasion throughout the brain microenvironment, which is partially responsible for its short median survival rate (<15 months). Stem-like subpopulations (GBM stem-like cells, GSCs) are believed to play a central role in therapeutic resistance and poor patient prognosis. Given the extensive tissue remodeling and processes such as vessel co-option and regression that occur in the tumor microenvironment, it is essential to understand the role of metabolic constraint such as hypoxia on GBM cell populations. This work describes the use of a multidimensional gelatin hydrogel to culture patient-derived GBM cells, to evaluate the influence of hypoxia and the inclusion brain-mimetic hyaluronic acid on the relative activity of GSCs versus overall GBM cells. Notably, CD133+ GBM cell fraction is crucial for robust formation of tumor spheroids in multidimensional cultures. In addition, while the relative size of the CD133+ GBM subpopulation increased in response to both hypoxia and matrix-bound hyaluronan, we did not observe cell subtype-specific changes in invasion signaling pathway activation. Taken together, this study highlights the potential of biomimetic culture systems for resolving changes in the population dynamics and behavior of subsets of GBM specimens for the future development of precision medicine applications. Impact Statement This study describes a gelatin hydrogel platform to investigate the role of extracellular hyaluronic acid and hypoxia on the behavior of a CD133+ subset of cells within patient-derived glioblastoma (GBM) specimens. We report that the relative expansion of the CD133+ GBM stem cell-like population is strongly responsive to extracellular cues, highlighting the significance of biomimetic hydrogel models of the tumor microenvironment to investigate invasion and therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee-Wei Emily Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Sarah Leary
- Department of Chemistry, and University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Victoria Barnhouse
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Jann N. Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Brendan A.C. Harley
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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Di Mattia M, Mauro A, Delle Monache S, Pulcini F, Russo V, Berardinelli P, Citeroni MR, Turriani M, Peserico A, Barboni B. Hypoxia-Mimetic CoCl2 Agent Enhances Pro-Angiogenic Activities in Ovine Amniotic Epithelial Cells-Derived Conditioned Medium. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030461. [PMID: 35159271 PMCID: PMC8834320 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Amniotic epithelial stem cells (AECs) are largely studied for their pro-regenerative properties. However, it remains undetermined if low oxygen (O2) levels that AECs experience in vivo can be of value in maintaining their biological properties after isolation. To this aim, the present study has been designed to evaluate the effects of a hypoxia-mimetic agent, cobalt chloride (CoCl2), on AECs’ stemness and angiogenic activities. First, a CoCl2 dose-effect was performed to select the concentration able to induce hypoxia, through HIF-1α stabilization, without promoting any cytotoxicity effect assessed through the analysis of cell vitality, proliferation, and apoptotic-related events. Then, the identified CoCl2 dose was evaluated on the expression and angiogenic properties of AECs’ stemness markers (OCT-4, NANOG, SOX-2) by analysing VEGF expression, angiogenic chemokines’ profiles, and AEC-derived conditioned media activity through an in vitro angiogenic xeno-assay. Results demonstrated that AECs are sensitive to the cytotoxicity effects of CoCl2. The unique concentration leading to HIF-1α stabilization and nuclear translocation was 10 µM, preserving cell viability and proliferation up to 48 h. CoCl2 exposure did not modulate stemness markers in AECs while progressively decreasing VEGF expression. On the contrary, CoCl2 treatment promoted a significant short-term release of angiogenic chemokines in culture media (CM). The enrichment in bio-active factors was confirmed by the ability of CoCl2-derived CM to induce HUVEC growth and the cells’ organization in tubule-like structures. These findings demonstrate that an appropriate dose of CoCl2 can be adopted as a hypoxia-mimetic agent in AECs. The short-term, chemical-induced hypoxic condition can be targeted to enhance AECs’ pro-angiogenic properties by providing a novel approach for stem cell-free therapy protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Di Mattia
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (M.R.C.); (M.T.); (A.P.); (B.B.)
| | - Annunziata Mauro
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (M.R.C.); (M.T.); (A.P.); (B.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Simona Delle Monache
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (S.D.M.); (F.P.)
- StemTeCh Group, Via L. Polacchi 11, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Fanny Pulcini
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (S.D.M.); (F.P.)
| | - Valentina Russo
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (M.R.C.); (M.T.); (A.P.); (B.B.)
| | - Paolo Berardinelli
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (M.R.C.); (M.T.); (A.P.); (B.B.)
| | - Maria Rita Citeroni
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (M.R.C.); (M.T.); (A.P.); (B.B.)
| | - Maura Turriani
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (M.R.C.); (M.T.); (A.P.); (B.B.)
| | - Alessia Peserico
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (M.R.C.); (M.T.); (A.P.); (B.B.)
| | - Barbara Barboni
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (M.D.M.); (V.R.); (P.B.); (M.R.C.); (M.T.); (A.P.); (B.B.)
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Elucidating the Mechanisms of Hugan Buzure Granule in the Treatment of Liver Fibrosis via Network Pharmacology. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/8385706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective. To holistically explore the latent active ingredients, targets, and related mechanisms of Hugan buzure granule (HBG) in the treatment of liver fibrosis (LF) via network pharmacology. Methods. First, we collected the ingredients of HBG by referring the TCMSP server and literature and filtered the active ingredients though the criteria of oral bioavailability ≥30% and drug-likeness index ≥0.18. Second, herb-associated targets were predicted and screened based on the BATMAN-TCM and SwissTargetPrediction platforms. Candidate targets related to LF were collected from the GeneCards and OMIM databases. Furthermore, the overlapping target genes were used to construct the protein-protein interaction network and “drug-compound-target-disease” network. Third, GO and KEGG pathway analyses were carried out to illustrate the latent mechanisms of HBG in the treatment of LF. Finally, the combining activities of hub targets with active ingredients were further verified based on software AutoDock Vina. Results. A total of 25 active ingredients and 115 overlapping target genes of HBG and LF were collected. Besides, GO enrichment analysis exhibited that the overlapping target genes were involved in DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific, and oxidoreductase activity. Simultaneously, the key molecular mechanisms of HBG against LF were mainly involved in PI3K-AKT, MAPK, HIF-1, and NF-κB signaling pathways. Also, molecular docking simulation demonstrated that the key targets of HBG for antiliver fibrosis were IL6, CASP3, EGFR, VEGF, and MAPK. Conclusion. This work validated and predicted the underlying mechanisms of multicomponent and multitarget about HBG in treating LF and provided a scientific foundation for further research.
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Romic S, Djordjevic A, Tepavcevic S, Culafic T, Stojiljkovic M, Bursac B, Stanisic J, Kostic M, Gligorovska L, Koricanac G. Effects of a fructose-rich diet and chronic stress on insulin signaling and regulation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta and the sodium-potassium pump in the hearts of male rats. Food Funct 2020; 11:1455-1466. [PMID: 31974538 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02306b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Both a diet rich in fructose and chronic stress exposure induce metabolic and cardiovascular disturbances. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of the fructose-rich diet and chronic stress, separately and in combination, on insulin signaling and molecules regulating glycogen synthesis and ion transport in the heart, and to reveal whether these effects coincide with changes in glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activation. Male Wistar rats were subjected to 10% fructose in drinking water and/or to chronic unpredictable stress for 9 weeks. Protein expression and/or phosphorylation of the insulin receptor (IR), protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1), protein kinase B (Akt), extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and Na+/K+-ATPase α-subunits in cardiac tissue were analyzed by western blot. GR distribution between cytosolic and nuclear fractions was also analyzed. The fructose-rich diet decreased the level of pERK1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204) and pGSK-3β (Ser9) independently of stress, while chronic stress increased the IRS1 content and prevented the fructose diet-induced decrease of the pAkt (Ser473) level. The fructose-rich diet in combination with chronic stress reduced the protein content of cardiac IR and attenuated IRS1 upregulation. Separate treatments increased the protein content of Na+/K+-ATPase α1- and α2-subunits, while after combined treatment the α2 content was at the control level and the α1 content was lower than the control level. The effect of combined treatment on cardiac IR and α2-subunit expression could be mediated by increased GR nuclear accumulation. Our study provides new insights into the effects of chronic stress and a combination of the fructose diet and chronic stress on the studied molecules in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snjezana Romic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Monsef F, Artimani T, Ramazani M, Alizadeh Z, Solgi G, Yavangi M, Soleimani Asl S. Effects of adipose- derived stromal vascular fraction on asherman syndrome model. Acta Histochem 2020; 122:151556. [PMID: 32622423 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2020.151556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Asherman's syndrome (AS) is an endometrial damage that results in infertility in women. Although stem cell therapy has been introduced as a potential treatment for this syndrome, its use in clinical settings remains challenging because of the likelihood of contamination and cell differentiation. Herein, we investigated the effects of adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) transplantation on proliferation and angiogenesis in the endometrium in an AS model. The AS model was induced using scratch method in adult male Wistar rats, and SVF (5 × 10 (Simsir et al., 2019) cells) was locally administered into the damaged horns. Two weeks after cell transplantation, endometrial thickness, fibrosis, and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were assessed by Hematoxylin & Eosin, Masson's trichrome, and immunofluorescence staining, respectively. We found thin endometrium, increased fibrosis, and decreased VEGF following AS induction all of which were reversed after SVF transplantation. We concluded that the local injection of SVF may serve as an effective alternative therapy for AS.
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Yuan Y, Khan S, Stewart DJ, Courtman DW. Engineering blood outgrowth endothelial cells to optimize endothelial nitric oxide synthase and extracellular matrix production for coating of blood contacting surfaces. Acta Biomater 2020; 109:109-120. [PMID: 32302726 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Coverage of blood contacting surfaces by a functional endothelial layer is likely required to induce and maintain homeostasis. Blood outgrowth endothelial cells (BOECs), cultured from human peripheral blood monocytes, are readily available and functional autologous endothelial source that may represent a reasonable alternative to vascular derived cells. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) produces NO, an important factor that regulates homeostasis at the blood-contacting surface. We found that BOECs express markedly lower levels of eNOS protein (34% ± 13%, Western blot) and mRNA (29% ± 17%, qRT-PCR), as well as exhibiting reduced activity (49% ± 18%, Nitrite analysis) when compared to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human aortic endothelial cells. HUVECs grown on fibronectin, type I collagen, or laminin -coated surfaces exhibited significant reduction of eNOS mRNA and protein expression. However, no decrease in eNOS levels was observed in BOECs. Interestingly BOECs expressed significantly higher Collagen (Col) I compared to HUVECs, and blocking Col I synthesis significantly enhanced eNOS expression in BOECs. Inhibition of β1 integrin, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), or actin polymerization increased eNOS in both BOECs and HUVECs suggesting involvement of a signaling pathway culminating in stabilization of the cytoskeleton. Finally, we demonstrated that a Rho-associated protein kinases (ROCK) inhibitor, as a disruptor of actin stabilization, enhanced both eNOS expression and bioactivity. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that cell-ECM interactions are fundamental to the regulation of eNOS in BOECs and suggest that disruption of key intracellular pathways (such as ROCK) may be necessary to enhance functional activity of an endothelialized surface. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Development of biocompatible blood-contacting biomaterial surfaces has not been possible to date, leading many investigators to believe that a complete autologous endothelial layer will be necessary. Blood outgrowth endothelial cells (BOECs), cultured from human peripheral blood monocytes, are readily available and functional autologous endothelial source. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) produces NO, an important factor that regulates homeostasis at the blood-contacting surface. In this study, we show that eNOS displays limited expression in cultured BOECs. We further demonstrate that a strong negative regulation of eNOS is mediated by collagen substrates and that treatment with ROCK inhibitor could enhance both eNOS expression and activity in BOECs and help to rapidly establish a functional autologous endothelial layer on cardiovascular biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Yuan
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, General Campus, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; Department of Anaesthesiology, Yale University, 10 Amistad Rd, New Haven, CT 06519, United States
| | - Saad Khan
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, General Campus, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Duncan J Stewart
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, General Campus, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - David W Courtman
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, General Campus, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada.
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Ni Y, Wang J, Wang Z, Zhang X, Cao X, Ding Z. Alpha-lipoic acid inhibits proliferation and migration of human vascular endothelial cells through downregulating HSPA12B/VEGF signaling axis. Cell Stress Chaperones 2020; 25:455-466. [PMID: 32219685 PMCID: PMC7192994 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-020-01086-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells play essential roles in angiogenesis. Heat shock protein A12B (HSPA12B), a novel member of the multigene Hsp70 family, expresses specifically in endothelial cells. Alpha-lipoic acid (LA) has been used for the treatment of human diabetic complications for more than 20 years. However, little is known whether LA impacts endothelial proliferation and migration. To address these questions, primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were isolated and treated with LA. We found that LA reduced viable HUVECs but not caused LDH leakage and nuclear condensation, suggesting an inhibitory effect of LA on HUVEC proliferation. We also noticed that LA impeded wound closure of HUVEC monolayers. The expressions of C-Myc, VEGF, and eNOS and phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase were reduced by LA. Moreover, LA decreased the expression of heat shock protein A12B (HSPA12B). Notably, overexpression of HSPA12B in endothelial cells prevented the LA-induced loss of VEGF. More importantly, HSPA12B overexpression attenuated the LA-induced inhibition of endothelial proliferation and migration. Collectively, the results demonstrated that LA inhibited proliferative and migratory abilities in human vascular endothelial cells through the downregulation of the HSPA12B/VEGF signaling axis. The data suggest that besides the treatment in diabetic complications, LA might represent a viable therapeutic potential for human diseases that involve high angiogenic activities such as cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ni
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Zhuyao Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xiaojin Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xiaofei Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Zhengnian Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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Qiao M, Yang J, Zhu Y, Zhao Y, Hu J. Transcriptomics and proteomics analysis of system-level mechanisms in the liver of apigenin-treated fibrotic rats. Life Sci 2020; 248:117475. [PMID: 32119963 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Liver fibrosis is a crucial pathological feature which could result in cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma. But until now, there is no favourable treatment for it. Apigenin (APG) is a flavonoid, which exhibits efficient anti-liver fibrosis activity, but its underlying mechanisms were rarely studied. So this work aims to estimate the potential therapeutic action of APG on liver fibrosis rats and to gain insight into its system-level mechanisms. MAIN METHODS Hepatic fibrosis was induced by CCl4 in Wistar rats, and APG was given in the light of the regimen. Biochemical indexes, histopathological change and immunohistochemistry of liver were evaluated. The optimal effect group of APG was selected for further transcriptomic and proteomic analysis. KEY FINDINGS APG ameliorated liver fibrosis via reducing the levels of AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, Hyp, TP, TB, DB, HA, LN, PCIII and IV-C, mitigating fibrosis and inflammation of liver in H&E and Masson staining. Mechanistically, APG elevated the activity of ALB, SOD and GSH-PX with reducing the level of MDA. The results of microarray and TMT revealed that 4919 genes and 4876 proteins were differentially expressed in the APG and model groups. Besides, transcriptomics and proteomics analyses unfolded 120 overlapped proteins, enriched in 111 GO terms containing apoptotic process, angiogenesis, cell migration and proliferation, etc. Meanwhile, KEGG pathway analysis showed that 26 pathways containing HIF-1/MAPK/eNOS/VEGF/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, regulation of actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesion mostly. SIGNIFICANCE APG can ameliorate CCl4-induced liver fibrosis via VEGF-mediated FAK phosphorylation through the MAPKs, PI3K/Akt, HIF-1, ROS, and eNOS pathways, which may hopefully become the anti-liver fibrosis activity of natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Qiao
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Jianhua Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Yao Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Junping Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China.
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Lai SW, Lin HJ, Liu YS, Yang LY, Lu DY. Monocarboxylate Transporter 4 Regulates Glioblastoma Motility and Monocyte Binding Ability. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020380. [PMID: 32045997 PMCID: PMC7073205 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is characterized by severe hypoxic and acidic stress in an abnormal microenvironment. Monocarboxylate transporter (MCT)4, a pH-regulating protein, plays an important role in pH homeostasis of the glycolytic metabolic pathways in cancer cells. The present study showed that GBM exposure to hypoxic conditions increased MCT4 expression. We further analyzed the glioma patient database and found that MCT4 was significantly overexpressed in patients with GBM, and the MCT4 levels positively correlated with the clinico-pathological grades of gliomas. We further found that MCT4 knockdown abolished the hypoxia-enhanced of GBM cell motility and monocyte adhesion. However, the overexpression of MCT4 promoted GBM cell migration and monocyte adhesion activity. Our results also revealed that MCT4-regulated GBM cell motility and monocyte adhesion are mediated by activation of the serine/threonine-specific protein kinase (AKT), focal adhesion kinase (FAK), and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathways. Moreover, hypoxia mediated the acetylated signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 expression and regulated the transcriptional activity of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α in GBM cell lines. In a GBM mouse model, MCT4 was significantly increased in the tumor necrotic tissues. These findings raise the possibility for the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting MCT4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Wei Lai
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
| | - Hui-Jung Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (H.-J.L.); (Y.-S.L.)
| | - Yu-Shu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (H.-J.L.); (Y.-S.L.)
| | - Liang-Yo Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Laboratory for Neural Repair and Research Center for Biotechnology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (L.-Y.Y.); (D.-Y.L.); Tel.: +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 2253) (D.-Y.L.)
| | - Dah-Yuu Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (H.-J.L.); (Y.-S.L.)
- Department of Photonics and Communication Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (L.-Y.Y.); (D.-Y.L.); Tel.: +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 2253) (D.-Y.L.)
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Oncostatin M, A Profibrogenic Mediator Overexpressed in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Stimulates Migration of Hepatic Myofibroblasts. Cells 2019; 9:cells9010028. [PMID: 31861914 PMCID: PMC7017087 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic myofibroblasts (MFs) can originate from hepatic stellate cells, portal fibroblasts, or bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and can migrate towards the site of injury by aligning with nascent and established fibrotic septa in response to several mediators. Oncostatin M (OSM) is known to orchestrate hypoxia-modulated hepatic processes involving the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1). METHODS In vivo and in vitro experiments were performed to analyze the expression of OSM and OSM-receptor (OSMR) in three murine models of non-alcoholic-fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and -steatohepatitis (NASH) and in human NASH patients as well as the action of OSM on phenotypic responses of human MFs. RESULTS Hepatic OSM and OSMR levels were overexpressed in three murine NASH models and in NASH patients. OSM stimulates migration in human MFs by involving early intracellular ROS generation and activation of Ras/Erk, JNK1/2, PI3K/Akt as well as STAT1/STAT3 pathways and HIF-1α. OSM-dependent migration relies on a biphasic mechanism requiring early intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and late HIF1-dependent expression and release of VEGF. CONCLUSION OSM is overexpressed in experimental and human progressive NAFLD and can act as a profibrogenic factor by directly stimulating migration of hepatic MFs.
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Ma H, Duan S, Yan F, Yang H, Cao Y, Ge L, Gao R. Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 enhances the migration and chemotaxis of dental mesenchymal stem cells. J Int Med Res 2019; 48:300060519882149. [PMID: 31642363 PMCID: PMC7262854 DOI: 10.1177/0300060519882149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the function of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) in the migration and chemotaxis of human dental tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Methods The expression of EZH2, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 11 (CXCL11), CXCL16, and CXCR1 in stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs) was determined by real-time reverse transcription PCR and western blotting. The effects of EZH2 on the homing of SCAPs and the effects of EZH2-overexpressing SCAP culture supernatant on periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) were tested by scratch migration assays and transwell chemotaxis assays. Results EZH2 overexpression significantly enhanced the migration and chemotaxis of SCAPs and upregulated the expression of CXCL11, CXCL16, and CXCR1 in SCAPs. EZH2 depletion had the opposite effect, impairing the migration and chemotaxis of SCAPs and downregulating the expression of CXCL11, CXCL16, and CXCR1. The culture supernatant of EZH2-overexpressing SCAPs advanced the migration and chemotaxis of PDLSCs. Conclusions EZH2 evidently promoted the migration and chemotaxis of SCAPs by upregulating the expression of CXCL11, CXCL16, and CXCR1. Moreover, EZH2-overexpressing SCAPs enhanced the homing, migration, and chemotaxis of PDLSCs via paracrine signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huarui Ma
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shaoyu Duan
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Electric Power Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Yan
- Xiangya Stomatology Hospital and School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haoqing Yang
- Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, No. 4 Tian Tan Xi Li, Beijing, China
| | - Yangyang Cao
- Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, No. 4 Tian Tan Xi Li, Beijing, China
| | - Lihua Ge
- Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, No. 4 Tian Tan Xi Li, Beijing, China
| | - Runtao Gao
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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15
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Tsui KH, Wu MY, Lin LT, Wen ZH, Li YH, Chu PY, Li CJ. Disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis with artemisinin unravels anti-angiogenesis effects via auto-paracrine mechanisms. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:6631-6645. [PMID: 31588240 PMCID: PMC6771251 DOI: 10.7150/thno.33353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Tumor angiogenesis promotes tumor development, progression, growth, and metastasis. Metronomic chemotherapy involves the frequent administration of low-dose chemotherapeutic agents to block angiogenic activity and reduce side effects. Methods: MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with various concentrations of artemisinin (ART) and vinorelbine (NVB) and the cytotoxic effects of ART/NVB were determined using the CCK-8 assay. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, mitochondrial membrane potential (∆Ψm) and mass were assessed using MitoSOX, TMRE and MitoTracker green staining. Western blot analysis was used to quantify the expression of autophagy-related proteins. Herein, by using bioinformatics analysis and experimental verification, we identified CREB as a master in MDA-MB-231 cells. Results: We found that artemisinin (ART), which exhibits anti-angiogenic and anti-cancer effects via mitochondrial regulation, synergized with vinorelbine (NVB) to inhibit MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation. ART and NVB cooperated to regulate mitochondrial biogenesis. CREB acted as a crucial regulator of PGC1α and VEGF, which played critical roles in NVB-dependent growth factor depletion. Moreover, CREB suppression significantly reversed mitochondrial dysfunction following ART/NVB co-treatment. In addition, combination treatment with ART and NVB significantly suppressed tumor growth in a nude mouse xenograft model, with downregulated CREB and PGC1α expression levels observed in tumor biopsies, in agreement with our in vitro and ex vivo data. Conclusions: These findings support the hypothesis that ART affects cancer and endothelial cells by targeting the auto-paracrine effects of VEGF to suppress mitochondrial biogenesis, angiogenesis, and migration between cancer cells and endothelial cells.
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16
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Liu Y, Xu S, Zu T, Li F, Sang S, Liu C, An Y, Mi B, Orgill DP, Murphy GF, Lian CG. Reversal of TET-mediated 5-hmC loss in hypoxic fibroblasts by ascorbic acid. J Transl Med 2019; 99:1193-1202. [PMID: 30837678 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-019-0235-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia resulting in hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) induction is known to drive scar formation during cutaneous wound healing, and may be responsible for excessive fibrosis inherent to hypertrophic scars and keloids. Because epigenetic pathways play an important role in regulation of fibrosing processes, we evaluated patient scars for DNA hydroxymethylation (5-hydroxymethylcytosine; 5-hmC) status and documented a significant decrease in scar fibroblasts. To test this finding in vitro, human fibroblasts were cultured with cobalt chloride (CoCl2), a known stimulant of HIF-1α. HIF-1α induced so resulted in loss of 5-hmC similar to that seen in naturally occurring scars and was associated with significant downregulation of one of the 5-hmC converting enzymes-ten-eleven translocation 3 (TET3)-as well as increased expression of phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase (p-FAK), which is important in wound contracture. These changes were partially reversed by exposure to ascorbic acid, a recognized epigenetic regulator potentially capable of minimizing excessive scar formation and promoting a more regenerative healing response. Our results provide a novel and translationally relevant mechanism whereby epigenetic regulation of scar formation may be manipulated at the level of fibroblast DNA hydroxymethylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukun Liu
- Program in Dermatopathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department Plastic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Shuyun Xu
- Program in Dermatopathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tingjian Zu
- Program in Dermatopathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Feng Li
- Program in Dermatopathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shengbo Sang
- Program in Dermatopathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cynthia Liu
- Program in Dermatopathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yang An
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bobin Mi
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dennis P Orgill
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - George F Murphy
- Program in Dermatopathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Christine G Lian
- Program in Dermatopathology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Lee YS, Kim H, Kim J, Seol GH, Lee KW. Lancemaside A, a major triterpene saponin of Codonopsis lanceolata enhances regulation of nitric oxide synthesis via eNOS activation. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 19:110. [PMID: 31126276 PMCID: PMC6534936 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2516-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Many studies on the effect of saponin-rich Codonopsis lanceolata as a bioactive source for improving physical health have been performed. C. lanceolata contains triterpenoid saponins, including lancemasides. These saponins are known to be particularly involved in the regulation of blood pressure or hypertension. This study investigated whether lancemaside A (LA), a major triterpenoid saponin from C. lanceolata, regulates nitric oxide (NO) production via the activation of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Methods Upon separation with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol, LA was found to be abundant in the n-butanol-soluble portion. For further purification of LA, HPLC was performed to collect fraction, and LA was identified using analysis of LC/MSMS and 13C-NMR values. In in vitro, the effects of LA on NO release mechanism in HUVECs were investigated by Griess assay, quantitative real-time reverse-transcription PCR, and Western blotting. Results Our results showed that NO production was efficiently improved by treatment with LA in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the LA treatment resulted in extensive recovery of the NO production suppressed by the eNOS inhibitor, L-NAME, compared with that in the control group. Additionally, the level of eNOS mRNA was increased by this treatment in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggested that LA is an inducer of NO synthesis via eNOS mRNA expression. Also, the study indicated that LA is involved in activating the PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway. Conclusion These results suggested that LA is an inducer of NO synthesis via eNOS mRNA expression. Also, the study indicated that LA is involved in activating the PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway. These findings suggest the value of using LA as a component of functional foods and natural pharmaceuticals. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12906-019-2516-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Relevance of Oxygen Concentration in Stem Cell Culture for Regenerative Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051195. [PMID: 30857245 PMCID: PMC6429522 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The key hallmark of stem cells is their ability to self-renew while keeping a differentiation potential. Intrinsic and extrinsic cell factors may contribute to a decline in these stem cell properties, and this is of the most importance when culturing them. One of these factors is oxygen concentration, which has been closely linked to the maintenance of stemness. The widely used environmental 21% O2 concentration represents a hyperoxic non-physiological condition, which can impair stem cell behaviour by many mechanisms. The goal of this review is to understand these mechanisms underlying the oxygen signalling pathways and their negatively-associated consequences. This may provide a rationale for culturing stem cells under physiological oxygen concentration for stem cell therapy success, in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Zhao D, Liu L, Chen Q, Wang F, Li Q, Zeng Q, Huang J, Luo M, Li W, Zheng Y, Liu T. Hypoxia with Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cell coculture maintains stemness of umbilical cord blood-derived CD34 + cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:158. [PMID: 29895317 PMCID: PMC5998541 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0902-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The physiological approach suggests that an environment associating mesenchymal stromal cells with low O2 concentration would be most favorable for the maintenance of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). To test this hypothesis, we performed a coculture of cord blood CD34+ cells with Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) under different O2 concentration to simulate the growth of HSPCs in vivo, and assessed the impacts on stemness maintenance and proliferation of cord blood HSPCs in vitro. Methods CD34+ cells derived from cord blood were isolated and cocultured under 1%, 3%, or 20% O2 concentrations with irradiated WJ-MSCs without adding exogenous cytokines for 7 days. The cultured cells were harvested and analyzed for phenotype and functionality, including total nuclear cells (TNC), CD34+Lin− cells, colony forming unit (CFU) for committed progenitors, and long-term culture initiating cells (LTC-ICs) for HSPCs. The cytokine levels in the medium were detected with Luminex liquid chips, and the mRNA expression of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) genes and stem cell signal pathway (Notch, Hedgehog, and Wnt/β-catenin) downstream genes in cord blood HSPCs were confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results Our results showed that the number of TNC cells, CD34+Lin− cells, and CFU were higher or similar with 20% O2 (normoxia) in coculture and compared with 1% O2 (hypoxia). Interestingly, a 1% O2 concentration ensured better percentages of CD34+Lin− cells and LTC-IC cells. The hypoxia tension (1% O2) significantly increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion and decreased interleukin (IL)-6, IL-7, stem cell factor (SCF), and thrombopoietin (TPO) secretion of WJ-MSCs, and selectively activated the Notch, Wnt/β-catenin, and Hedgehog signaling pathway of cord blood HSPCs by HIF-related factors, which may play an important role in stemness preservation and for sustaining HSPC quiescence. Conclusions Our data demonstrate that cord blood HSPCs maintain stemness better under hypoxia than normoxia with WJ-MSC coculture, partially due to the increased secretion of VEGF, decreased secretion of IL-6 by WJ-MSCs, and selective activation of stem cell signal pathways in HSPCs. This suggests that the oxygenation may not only be a physiological regulatory factor but also a cell engineering tool in HSPC research, and this may have important translational and clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewan Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Hematology Research Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingjia Liu
- Department of Hematology, Hematology Research Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Sichuan Cord Blood Stem Cell Bank, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Wang
- Department of Hematology, Hematology Research Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuyang Li
- Department of Hematology, Hematology Research Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Department of Hematology, Hematology Research Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingcao Huang
- Department of Hematology, Hematology Research Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Maowen Luo
- Sichuan Cord Blood Stem Cell Bank, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxian Li
- Sichuan Cord Blood Stem Cell Bank, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhuan Zheng
- Department of Hematology, Hematology Research Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Hematology, Hematology Research Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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Zhu H, Wang DD, Yuan T, Yan FJ, Zeng CM, Dai XY, Chen ZB, Chen Y, Zhou T, Fan GH, Ying M, Cao J, Luo P, Liu XJ, Hu Y, Peng Y, He Q, Yang B. Multikinase Inhibitor CT-707 Targets Liver Cancer by Interrupting the Hypoxia-Activated IGF-1R-YAP Axis. Cancer Res 2018; 78:3995-4006. [PMID: 29669759 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-1548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Given that Yes-associated protein (YAP) signaling acts as a critical survival input for hypoxic cancer cells in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), disruption of YAP function and the maintenance of hypoxia is an attractive way to treat HCC. Utilizing a cell-based YAP-TEAD luciferase reporter assay and functional analyses, we identified CT-707, a China-FDA approved multi-kinase inhibitor under clinical trial with remarkable inhibitory activity against YAP function. CT-707 exhibited prominent cytotoxicity under hypoxia on HCC cells, which was attributable to the inhibition of YAP signaling. CT-707 arrested tumor growth in HepG2, Bel-7402, and HCC patient-derived xenografts. Mechanistically, the inhibitory activity of CT-707 on YAP signaling was due to the interruption of hypoxia-activated IGF1R. Overall, these findings not only identify CT-707 as a promising hypoxia-targeting agent against HCC, but they also unveil IGF1R as a new modulator specifically regulating hypoxia-activated YAP signaling.Significance: CT-707 may represent a novel clinical approach for patients with HCC suffering poor drug response due to intratumor hypoxia. Cancer Res; 78(14); 3995-4006. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dan-Dan Wang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tao Yuan
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang-Jie Yan
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen-Ming Zeng
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Dai
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zi-Bo Chen
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianyi Zhou
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guang-Han Fan
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meidan Ying
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ji Cao
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peihua Luo
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xi-Jie Liu
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Centaurus BioPharma Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yuandong Hu
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Centaurus BioPharma Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yong Peng
- Discovery Biology Department, Centaurus BioPharma Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Qiaojun He
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Bo Yang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Andreeva ER, Buravkova LB. The Role of Interplay of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Macrophages in Physiological and Reparative Tissue Remodeling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0362119718010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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22
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Chen YW, Hsieh SC, Yang YC, Hsu SH, Kung ML, Lin PY, Hsieh HH, Lin CH, Tang CM, Hung HS. Functional engineered mesenchymal stem cells with fibronectin-gold composite coated catheters for vascular tissue regeneration. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 14:699-711. [PMID: 29325741 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2017.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Vascularization of engineered tissues remains one of the key problems. Here, we described a novel approach to promote vascularization of engineered tissues using fibronectin (FN) incorporated gold nanoparticles (AuNP) coated onto catheters with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for tissue engineering. We found that the FN-AuNP composite with 43.5 ppm of AuNP exhibited better biomechanical properties and thermal stability than pure FN. FN-AuNP composites promoted MSC proliferation and increased the biocompatibility. Mechanistically, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) promoted MSC migration on FN-AuNP through the endothelial oxide synthase (eNOS)/metalloproteinase (MMP) signaling pathway. Vascular femoral artery tissues isolated from the implanted FN-AuNP-coated catheters with MSCs expressed substantial CD31 and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), displayed higher antithrombotic activity, as well as better endothelialization ability than those coated with all other materials. These data suggested that the implantation of FN-AuNP-coated catheter with MSCs could be a novel strategy for vascular biomaterials applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Wen Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shu-Chen Hsieh
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C; Center for Stem Cell Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yi-Chin Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shan-Hui Hsu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Mei-Lang Kung
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Pei-Ying Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hsien-Hsu Hsieh
- Blood Bank, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R. O. C
| | - Ching-Hao Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Cheng-Ming Tang
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Huey-Shan Hung
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C; Translational Medicine Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
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A Concise Review of the Conflicting Roles of Dopamine-1 versus Dopamine-2 Receptors in Wound Healing. Molecules 2017; 23:molecules23010050. [PMID: 29278360 PMCID: PMC5943953 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Catecholamines play an important regulatory role in cutaneous wound healing. The exact role of dopamine in human epidermis has yet to be fully elucidated. Current published evidence describes its differential effects on two separate families of G protein coupled receptors: D1-like and D2-like dopamine receptors. Dopamine may enhance angiogenesis and wound healing through its action on dopamine D1 receptors, while impairing wound healing when activating D2 receptors. This review summarizes the evidence for the role of dopamine in wound healing and describes potential mechanisms behind its action on D1 versus D2-like receptors in the skin.
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Ciria M, García NA, Ontoria-Oviedo I, González-King H, Carrero R, De La Pompa JL, Montero JA, Sepúlveda P. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Migration and Proliferation Are Mediated by Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α Upstream of Notch and SUMO Pathways. Stem Cells Dev 2017; 26:973-985. [PMID: 28520516 PMCID: PMC5510679 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2016.0331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are effective in treating several pathologies. We and others have demonstrated that hypoxia or hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) stabilization improves several MSC functions, including cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation, thereby increasing their therapeutic potential. To further explore the mechanisms induced by HIF-1α in MSCs, we studied its relationship with Notch signaling and observed that overexpression of HIF-1α in MSCs increased protein levels of the Notch ligands Jagged 1-2 and Delta-like (Dll)1, Dll3, and Dll4 and potentiated Notch signaling only when this pathway was activated. Crosstalk between HIF and Notch resulted in Notch-dependent migration and spreading of MSCs, which was abolished by γ-secretase inhibition. However, the HIF-1-induced increase in MSC proliferation was independent of Notch signaling. The ubiquitin family member, small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO), has important functions in many cellular processes and increased SUMO1 protein levels have been reported in hypoxia. To investigate the potential involvement of SUMOylation in HIF/Notch crosstalk, we measured general SUMOylation levels and observed increased SUMOylation in HIF-1-expressing MSCs. Moreover, proliferation and migration of MSCs were reduced in the presence of a SUMOylation inhibitor, and this effect was particularly robust in HIF-MSCs. Immunoprecipitation studies demonstrated SUMOylation of the intracellular domain of Notch1 (N1ICD) in HIF-1-expressing MSCs, which contributed to Notch pathway activation and resulted in increased levels of N1ICD nuclear translocation as assessed by subcellular fractionation. SUMOylation of N1ICD was also observed in HEK293T cells with stabilized HIF-1α expression, suggesting that this is a common mechanism in eukaryotic cells. In summary, we describe, for the first time, SUMOylation of N1ICD, which is potentiated by HIF signaling. These phenomena could be relevant for the therapeutic effects of MSCs in hypoxia or under conditions of HIF stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Ciria
- 1 Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe , Valencia, Spain .,2 Joint Unit for Cardiovascular Repair, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe-Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe , Valencia, Spain
| | - Nahuel A García
- 1 Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe , Valencia, Spain .,2 Joint Unit for Cardiovascular Repair, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe-Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe , Valencia, Spain
| | - Imelda Ontoria-Oviedo
- 1 Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe , Valencia, Spain .,2 Joint Unit for Cardiovascular Repair, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe-Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe , Valencia, Spain
| | - Hernán González-King
- 1 Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe , Valencia, Spain .,2 Joint Unit for Cardiovascular Repair, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe-Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe , Valencia, Spain
| | - Rubén Carrero
- 1 Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe , Valencia, Spain
| | - José Luis De La Pompa
- 3 Intercellular Signaling in Cardiovascular Development and Disease Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC) , Madrid, Spain
| | - José Anastasio Montero
- 1 Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe , Valencia, Spain .,2 Joint Unit for Cardiovascular Repair, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe-Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe , Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar Sepúlveda
- 1 Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe , Valencia, Spain .,2 Joint Unit for Cardiovascular Repair, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe-Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe , Valencia, Spain
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25
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Hookham MB, Ali IHA, O'Neill CL, Hackett E, Lambe MH, Schmidt T, Medina RJ, Chamney S, Rao B, McLoone E, Sweet D, Stitt AW, Brazil DP. Hypoxia-induced responses by endothelial colony-forming cells are modulated by placental growth factor. Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7:173. [PMID: 27899144 PMCID: PMC5129608 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-016-0430-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs), also termed late outgrowth endothelial cells, are a well-defined circulating endothelial progenitor cell type with an established role in vascular repair. ECFCs have clear potential for cell therapy to treat ischaemic disease, although the precise mechanism(s) underlying their response to hypoxia remains ill-defined. Methods In this study, we isolated ECFCs from umbilical cord blood and cultured them on collagen. We defined the response of ECFCs to 1% O2 exposure at acute and chronic time points. Results In response to low oxygen, changes in ECFC cell shape, proliferation, size and cytoskeleton phenotype were detected. An increase in the number of senescent ECFCs also occurred as a result of long-term culture in 1% O2. Low oxygen exposure altered ECFC migration and tube formation in Matrigel®. Increases in angiogenic factors secreted from ECFCs exposed to hypoxia were also detected, in particular, after treatment with placental growth factor (PlGF). Exposure of cells to agents that stabilise hypoxia-inducible factors such as dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) also increased PlGF levels. Conditioned medium from both hypoxia-treated and DMOG-treated cells inhibited ECFC tube formation. This effect was reversed by the addition of PlGF neutralising antibody to the conditioned medium, confirming the direct role of PlGF in this effect. Conclusions This study deepens our understanding of the response of ECFCs to hypoxia and also identifies a novel and important role for PlGF in regulating the vasculogenic potential of ECFCs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-016-0430-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle B Hookham
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Imran H A Ali
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Christina L O'Neill
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Emer Hackett
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Melanie H Lambe
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Tina Schmidt
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Reinhold J Medina
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Sara Chamney
- Eye & Ear Clinic, Royal Victoria Hospital, Grosvenor Road, Belfast, BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Bharathi Rao
- Regional Neonatal Unit, Royal Maternity Hospital, Grosvenor Road, Belfast, BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Eibhlin McLoone
- Eye & Ear Clinic, Royal Victoria Hospital, Grosvenor Road, Belfast, BT12 6BA, UK
| | - David Sweet
- Regional Neonatal Unit, Royal Maternity Hospital, Grosvenor Road, Belfast, BT12 6BA, UK
| | - Alan W Stitt
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Derek P Brazil
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK.
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Li Q, Mao M, Qiu Y, Liu G, Sheng T, Yu X, Wang S, Zhu D. Key Role of ROS in the Process of 15-Lipoxygenase/15-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoiccid-Induced Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in Hypoxia Pulmonary Hypertension. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149164. [PMID: 26871724 PMCID: PMC4752324 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that 15-lipoxygenase (15-LO) and its metabolite 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE) were up-regulated in pulmonary arterial cells from both pulmonary artery hypertension patients and hypoxic rats and that these factors mediated the progression of pulmonary hypertension (PH) by affecting the proliferation and apoptosis of pulmonary arterial (PA) cells. However, the underlying mechanisms of the remodeling induced by 15-HETE have remained unclear. As reactive oxygen species (ROS) and 15-LO are both induced by hypoxia, it is possible that ROS are involved in the events of hypoxia-induced 15-LO expression that lead to PH. We employed immunohistochemistry, tube formation assays, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assays, and cell cycle analyses to explore the role of ROS in the process of 15-HETE-mediated hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH). We found that exogenous 15-HETE facilitated the generation of ROS and that this effect was mainly localized to mitochondria. In particular, the mitochondrial electron transport chain and nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (Nox4) were responsible for the significant 15-HETE-stimulated increase in ROS production. Moreover, ROS induced by 15-HETE stimulated endothelial cell (EC) migration and promoted pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation under hypoxia via the p38 MAPK pathway. These results indicated that 15-HETE-regulated ROS mediated hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling (PVR) via the p38 MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Min Mao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Bio-pharmaceutical Key Laboratory of Harbin, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yanli Qiu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Gaofeng Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Tingting Sheng
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiufeng Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Daling Zhu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Bio-pharmaceutical Key Laboratory of Harbin, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
- * E-mail:
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27
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Andreeva ER, Lobanova MV, Udartseva OO, Buravkova LB. Response of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Cells in Tissue-Related O2 Microenvironment to Short-Term Hypoxic Stress. Cells Tissues Organs 2015; 200:307-15. [PMID: 26407140 DOI: 10.1159/000438921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A microenvironment low in O2 ('physiological' hypoxia) governs the functions of perivascular multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells, defining their involvement in tissue physiological homeostasis and regenerative remodelling. Acute hypoxic stress is considered as one of the important factors inducing tissue damage. Here, we evaluate the influence of short-term hypoxia (1% O2 for 24 h) on perivascular adipose tissue-derived cells (ASCs) permanently expanded in tissue-related O2 (5%) microenvironment. After hypoxic exposure, ASCs retained high viability, stromal cell morphology and mesenchymal phenotype (CD73+, CD90+, CD105+ and CD45-). Mild oxidative damage was unveiled as elevation of reactive oxygen species and thiobarbituric acid-active products, while no reduction in the activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase and glutathione peroxidase and a 20% statistically significant increase in superoxide dismutase activity was detected. Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and HIF-3α isoforms was differently regulated. HIF-1α displayed transient up-regulation, with maximum levels 30 min after acute hypoxic exposure, while HIF-3α was significantly up-regulated after 24 h. Up-regulation of ERK7, MEK1 and c-fos, and down-regulation of MKK6, p53, CCNA2, CCNB1 and CCNB2 were observed after 24 h of oxygen deprivation. Acute hypoxic exposure did not affect the gene expression of other mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and MAPK kinases, MAPK/ERK kinase-interacting proteins, MAPK-activated transcription factors and scaffolding proteins. Significant stimulation of vascular endothelial growth factor α and interleukin-6 production was detected in ASC-conditioned medium. Thus, tissue O2-adapted ASCs are resistant to hypoxic stress, which can ensure their effective involvement in the regeneration of tissue damage under significant oxygen deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena R Andreeva
- Cell Physiology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Li L, Yang M, Wang C, Zhao Q, Liu J, Zhan C, Liu Z, Li X, Wang W, Yang X. Effects of cytokines and chemokines on migration of mesenchymal stem cells following spinal cord injury. Neural Regen Res 2015; 7:1106-12. [PMID: 25722702 PMCID: PMC4340025 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.14.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effects of cytokines and chemokines and their associated signaling pathways on mesenchymal stem cell migration after spinal cord injury, to determine their roles in the curative effects of mesenchymal stem cells. This study reviewed the effects of tumor necrosis factor-α, vascular endothelial growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, insulin like growth factor-1, stromal cell-derived factor and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, 3 during mesenchymal stem cell migration to damaged sites, and analyzed the signal transduction pathways involved in their effects on mesenchymal stem cell migration. The results confirmed that phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/serine/threonine protein kinases and nuclear factor-κB play crucial roles in the migration of mesenchymal stem cells induced by cytokines and chemokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longyun Li
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China
| | - Maoguang Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China
| | - Chunxin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China
| | - Qiheng Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China
| | - Chuanguo Zhan
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China
| | - Zhi Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xuepeng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China
| | - Weihua Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China
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Yun SP, Lee SJ, Oh SY, Jung YH, Ryu JM, Suh HN, Kim MO, Oh KB, Han HJ. Reactive oxygen species induce MMP12-dependent degradation of collagen 5 and fibronectin to promote the motility of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 171:3283-97. [PMID: 24627968 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are potent regulators of stem cell behaviour; however, their physiological significance as regards MMP-mediated regulation of the motility of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UCB-MSCs) has not been characterized. In the present study, we investigated the role of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2 ) and associated signalling pathways in promoting UCB-MSCs motility. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The regulatory effects of H2O2 on the activation of PKC, MAPKs, NF-κB and β-catenin were determined. The expressions of MMP and extracellular matrix proteins were examined. Pharmacological inhibitors and gene-specific siRNA were used to identify the signalling pathways of H2O2 that affect UCB-MSCs motility. An experimental skin wound-healing model was used to confirm the functional role of UCB-MSCs treated with H2O2 in ICR mice. KEY RESULTS H2O2 increased the motility of UCB-MSCs by activating PKCα via a calcium influx mechanism. H2O2 activated ERK and p38 MAPK, which are responsible for the distinct activation of transcription factors NF-κB and β-catenin. UCB-MSCs expressed eight MMP genes, but only MMP12 expression was uniquely regulated by NF-κB and β-catenin activation. H2O2 increased the MMP12-dependent degradation of collagen 5 (COL-5) and fibronectin (FN) associated with UCB-MSCs motility. Finally, topical transplantation of UCB-MSCs treated with H2O2 enhanced skin wound healing in mice. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS H2O2 stimulated UCB-MSCs motility by increasing MMP12-dependent degradation of COL-5 and FN through the activation of NF-κB and glycogen synthase kinase-3β/β-catenin, which is critical for providing a suitable microenvironment for MSCs transplantation and re-epithelialization of skin wounds in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Pil Yun
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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30
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Ali A, Akhter MA, Haneef K, Khan I, Naeem N, Habib R, Kabir N, Salim A. Dinitrophenol modulates gene expression levels of angiogenic, cell survival and cardiomyogenic factors in bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells. Gene 2015; 555:448-57. [PMID: 25445267 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anwar Ali
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aleem Akhter
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal Haneef
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Khan
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Nadia Naeem
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Rakhshinda Habib
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Nurul Kabir
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Asmat Salim
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan.
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31
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Expression of focal adhesion kinase in uveal melanoma and the effects of Hsp90 inhibition by 17-AAG. Pathol Res Pract 2014; 210:739-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2014.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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32
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Buravkova LB, Andreeva ER, Gogvadze V, Zhivotovsky B. Mesenchymal stem cells and hypoxia: where are we? Mitochondrion 2014; 19 Pt A:105-12. [PMID: 25034305 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2014.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are involved in the organization and maintenance of tissue integrity. MSCs have also attracted attention as a promising tool for cell therapy and regenerative medicine. However, their usage is limited due to cell impairment induced by an extremely harsh microenvironment during transplantation ex vivo. The microenvironment of MSCs in tissue depots is characterized by rather low oxygen consumption, demonstrating that MSCs might be quite resistant to oxygen limitation. However, accumulated data revealed that the response of MSCs to hypoxic conditions is rather controversial, demonstrating both damaging and ameliorating effects. Here, we make an attempt to summarize recent knowledge on the survival of MSCs under low oxygen conditions of varying duration and severity and to elucidate the mechanisms of MSC resistance/sensitivity to hypoxic impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- L B Buravkova
- Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Basic Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - E R Andreeva
- Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - V Gogvadze
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - B Zhivotovsky
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Hu X, Wu R, Shehadeh LA, Zhou Q, Jiang C, Huang X, Zhang L, Gao F, Liu X, Yu H, Webster KA, Wang J. Severe hypoxia exerts parallel and cell-specific regulation of gene expression and alternative splicing in human mesenchymal stem cells. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:303. [PMID: 24758227 PMCID: PMC4234502 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The endosteum of the bone marrow provides a specialized hypoxic niche that may serve to preserve the integrity, pluripotency, longevity and stemness of resident mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). To explore the molecular genetic consequences of such a niche we subjected human (h) MSCs to a pO2 of 4 mmHg and analyzed global gene expression and alternative splicing (AS) by genome-exon microarray and RT-qPCR, and phenotype by western blot and immunostaining. RESULTS Out of 446 genes differentially regulated by >2.5-fold, down-regulated genes outnumbered up-regulated genes by 243:203. Exon analyses revealed 60 hypoxia-regulated AS events with splice indices (SI) >1.0 from 53 genes and a correlation between high SI and degree of transcript regulation. Parallel analyses of a publicly available AS study on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) showed that there was a strong cell-specific component with only 11 genes commonly regulated in hMSCs and HUVECs and 17 common differentially spliced genes. Only 3 genes were differentially responsive to hypoxia at the gene (>2.0) and AS levels in both cell types. Functional assignments revealed unique profiles of gene expression with complex regulation of differentiation, extracellular matrix, intermediate filament and metabolic marker genes. Antioxidant genes, striated muscle genes and insulin/IGF-1 signaling intermediates were down-regulated. There was a coordinate induction of 9 out of 12 acidic keratins that along with other epithelial and cell adhesion markers implies a partial mesenchymal to epithelial transition. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that severe hypoxia confers a quiescent phenotype in hMSCs that is reflected by both the transcriptome profile and gene-specific changes of splicosome actions. The results reveal that severe hypoxia imposes markedly different patterns of gene regulation of MSCs compared with more moderate hypoxia. This is the first study to report hypoxia-regulation of AS in stem/progenitor cells and the first molecular genetic characterization of MSC in a hypoxia-induced quiescent immobile state.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Keith A Webster
- Cardiovascular Key Lab of Zhejiang Province, Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, P,R, China.
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Ando Y, Matsubara K, Ishikawa J, Fujio M, Shohara R, Hibi H, Ueda M, Yamamoto A. Stem cell-conditioned medium accelerates distraction osteogenesis through multiple regenerative mechanisms. Bone 2014; 61:82-90. [PMID: 24389414 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2013.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 12/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Distraction osteogenesis (DO) successfully induces large-scale skeletal tissue regeneration, but it involves an undesirably long treatment period. A high-speed DO mouse model (H-DO) with a distraction speed twice that of a control DO model failed to generate new bone callus in the distraction gap. Here we demonstrate that the local administration of serum-free conditioned medium from human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-CM) accelerated callus formation in the mouse H-DO model. Secretomic analysis identified factors contained in MSC-CM that recruit murine bone marrow stromal cells (mBMSCs) and endothelial cells/endothelial progenitor cells (EC/EPCs), inhibit inflammation and apoptosis, and promote osteoblast differentiation, angiogenesis, and cell proliferation. Functional assays identified MCP-1/-3 and IL-3/-6 as essential factors in recruiting mBMSCs and EC/EPCs. IL-3/-6 also enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of mBMSCs. MSC-CM that had been depleted of MCP-1/-3 failed to recruit mBMSCs, and consequently failed to promote callus formation. Taken together, our data suggest that MSCs produce a broad repertoire of trophic factors with tissue-regenerative activities that accelerate healing in the DO process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Ando
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kohki Matsubara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Jun Ishikawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Masahito Fujio
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Shohara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hideharu Hibi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Minoru Ueda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Akihito Yamamoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
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Zieseniss A. Hypoxia and the modulation of the actin cytoskeleton - emerging interrelations. HYPOXIA 2014; 2:11-21. [PMID: 27774463 PMCID: PMC5045051 DOI: 10.2147/hp.s53575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent progress in understanding the influence of hypoxia on cell function has revealed new information about the interrelationship between the actin cytoskeleton and hypoxia; nevertheless, details remain cloudy. The dynamic regulation of the actin cytoskeleton during hypoxia is complex, varies in different cells and tissues, and also depends on the mode of hypoxia. Several molecular players and pathways are emerging that contribute to the modulation of the actin cytoskeleton and that affect the large repertoire of actin-binding proteins in hypoxia. This review describes and discusses the accumulated knowledge about actin cytoskeleton dynamics in hypoxia, placing special emphasis on the Rho family of small guanosine triphosphatases (Rho GTPases). Given that RhoA, Rac and Cdc42 are very well characterized, the review is focused on these family members of Rho GTPases. Notably, in several cell types and tissues, hypoxia, presumably via Rho GTPase signaling, induces actin rearrangement and actin stress fiber assembly, which is a prevalent modulation of the actin cytoskeleton in hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke Zieseniss
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
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Conditioned medium enhances the fusion capability of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and cardiomyocytes. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:3099-112. [PMID: 24469729 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3170-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Wu Y, Yang Y, Yang P, Gu Y, Zhao Z, Tan L, Zhao L, Tang T, Li Y. The osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs is mediated through MEK/ERK and p38 MAPK signalling under hypoxia. Arch Oral Biol 2013; 58:1357-68. [PMID: 23806288 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2013.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2012] [Revised: 03/10/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE During orthodontic treatment and chronic periodontitis, the periodontal vasculature is severely impaired by overloaded mechanical force or chronic inflammation. This leads to the hypoxic milieu of the periodontal stem cell niche and ultimately affects periodontal tissue remodelling. However, the role of hypoxia in the regulation of periodontal ligament stem cell (PDLSC) behaviours still remains to be elucidated. The present study was aimed at investigating the effects of hypoxia on osteogenic differentiation, mineralisation and paracrine release of PDLSCs and further demonstrating the involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling in the process. METHODS First, PDLSCs were isolated and characterised. Second, the effects of different periods of hypoxia on PDLSC osteogenic potential, mineralisation and paracrine release were investigated. Third, extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and p38 kinase activities under hypoxia were measured. Finally, specific MAPK inhibitors PD98059 and SB203580 were employed to investigate the involvement of two kinases in PDLSC osteogenesis under hypoxia. RESULTS Immunocytochemical staining and multilineage differentiation assays verified that the isolated cells were PDLSCs. Cell viability, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels of runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and Sp7, mineralisation and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) release were significantly increased by hypoxia. ERK1/2 and p38 were activated in different ways under hypoxia. Furthermore, hypoxia-stimulated transcription and expression of the above-mentioned osteogenic regulators were also reversed by PD98059 and SB203580 to different degrees. CONCLUSIONS Exposure of PDLSCs to hypoxia affected their osteogenic potential, mineralisation and paracrine release, and the process involved mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK/ERK) and p38 MAPK signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeke Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, 3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu 610041, PR China
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Dimarino AM, Caplan AI, Bonfield TL. Mesenchymal stem cells in tissue repair. Front Immunol 2013; 4:201. [PMID: 24027567 PMCID: PMC3761350 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The advent of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapies for clinical therapeutics has been an exciting and new innovation for the treatment of a variety of diseases associated with inflammation, tissue damage, and subsequent regeneration and repair. Application-based ability to measure MSC potency and fate of the cells post-MSC therapy are the variables that confound the use of MSCs therapeutics in human diseases. An evaluation of MSC function and applications with attention to detail in the preparation as well as quality control and quality assurance are only as good as the assays that are developed. In vivo measures of efficacy and potency require an appreciation of the overall pathophysiology of the model and standardization of outcome measures. The new concepts of how MSC’s participate in the tissue regeneration and wound repair process and further, how this is impacted by estimates of efficacy and potency are important new topics. In this regard, this chapter will review some of the in vitro and in vivo assays for MSC function and activity and their application to the clinical arena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy M Dimarino
- Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, OH , USA
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Yuan L, Sakamoto N, Song G, Sato M. Low-level shear stress induces human mesenchymal stem cell migration through the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis via MAPK signaling pathways. Stem Cells Dev 2013; 22:2384-93. [PMID: 23544621 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2012.0717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are able to home and migrate into damaged tissues and are thus, considered an optimal therapeutic strategy for clinical use. We previously demonstrated that higher shear stress (>2 Pa) hindered human MSC (hMSC) migration, whereas lower shear stress (0.2 Pa) induced cell migration through mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. Here the mechanisms underlying shear stress-induced hMSC migration have been studied further. An MSC monolayer was mechanically wounded and subsequently exposed to low-level shear stress of 0.2 Pa. Image analysis was performed to quantify cell migration speeds under both flow and static conditions. hMSCs along both upstream- and downstream edges of the wound migrated at a similar speed to cover the wounded area under static conditions, whereas shear stress induced cells along the downstream edge of the wound to migrate significantly faster than those along the upstream edge. We also found that shear stress upregulated the secretion of stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), which stimulated its receptor CXCR4 expression in hMSCs until the cells covered the wounded area. A CXCR4 antagonist repressed both cell migration and activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 MAPK but did not affect extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) phosphorylation. When MAPK activation in upstream- and downstream hMSCs was evaluated separately, ERK1/2 was activated earlier in downstream than in upstream cells. These results indicate that the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis mediates shear stress-induced hMSC migration through JNK and p38 MAPK pathways and that the difference in migration speeds between upstream- and downstream cells may be due to ERK1/2 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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Wu Y, Cao H, Yang Y, Zhou Y, Gu Y, Zhao X, Zhang Y, Zhao Z, Zhang L, Yin J. Effects of vascular endothelial cells on osteogenic differentiation of noncontact co-cultured periodontal ligament stem cells under hypoxia. J Periodontal Res 2013; 48:52-65. [PMID: 22905750 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2012.01503.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE During periodontitis or orthodontic tooth movement, the periodontal vasculature is severely impaired by chronic inflammation or excessive mechanical force. This leads to a hypoxic microenvironment of the periodontal cells and enhances the expression of various cytokines and growth factors that may regulate angiogenesis and alveolar bone remodeling. However, the role of hypoxia in regulating the communication between endothelial cells (ECs) and osteoblast progenitors during the remodeling and repair of periodontal tissue is still poorly defined. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of vascular ECs on osteogenic differentiation, mineralization and the paracrine function of noncontact co-cultured periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) under hypoxia, and further reveal the involvement of MEK/ERK and p38 MAPK pathways in the process. MATERIAL AND METHODS First, PDLSCs were obtained and a noncontact co-culture system of PDLSCs and human umbilical vein endothelial cells was established. Second, the effects of different time-periods of hypoxia (2% O(2) ) on the osteogenic potential, mineralization and paracrine function of co-cultured PDLSCs were investigated. Third, ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK activities of PDLSCs under hypoxia were measured by western blotting. Finally, we employed specific MAPK inhibitors (PD98059 and SB20350) to investigate the involvement of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK in PDLSC osteogenesis under hypoxia. RESULTS We observed further increased osteogenic differentiation of co-cultured PDLSCs, manifested by markedly enhanced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) levels, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) release, runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and Sp7 transcriptional and protein levels and mineralized nodule formation, compared with PDLSCs cultured alone. ERK1/2 was phosphorylated in a rapid but transient manner, whereas p38 MAPK was activated in a slow and sustained way under hypoxia. Furthermore, hypoxia-stimulated transcription and expression of osteogenic regulators (hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, ALP, Runx2, Sp7, PGE(2) and VEGF) were also inhibited by PD98059 and SB203580 to different degrees. CONCLUSION Further increased osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of co-cultured PDLSCs under hypoxia were regulated by MEK/ERK and p38 MAPK pathways. And the ECs-mediated paracrine of PGE(2) and VEGF may facilitate the unidirectional PDLSC-EC communication and promote PDLSCs osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Wang Z, Zhang X, Chen S, Wang D, Wu J, Liang T, Liu C. Lithium chloride inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration and alleviates injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia via induction of PGC-1α. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55471. [PMID: 23383200 PMCID: PMC3561220 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) contributes importantly to the development of in-stent restenosis. Lithium has recently been shown to have beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system, but its actions in VSMCs and the direct molecular target responsible for its action remains unknown. On the other hand, PGC-1α is a transcriptional coactivator which negatively regulates the pathological activation of VSMCs. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to determine if lithium chloride (LiCl) retards VSMC proliferation and migration and if PGC-1α mediates the effects of lithium on VSMCs. We found that pretreatment of LiCl increased PGC-1α protein expression and nuclear translocation in a dose-dependent manner. MTT and EdU incorporation assays indicated that LiCl inhibited serum-induced VSMC proliferation. Similarly, deceleration of VSMC migration was confirmed by wound healing and transwell assays. LiCl also suppressed ROS generation and cell cycle progression. At the molecular level, LiCl reduced the protein expression levels or phosphorylation of key regulators involved in the cell cycle re-entry, adhesion, inflammation and motility. In addition, in vivo administration of LiCl alleviated the pathophysiological changes in balloon injury-induced neointima hyperplasia. More importantly, knockdown of PGC-1α by siRNA significantly attenuated the beneficial effects of LiCl on VSMCs both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, our results suggest that LiCl has great potentials in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases related to VSMC abnormal proliferation and migration. In addition, PGC-1α may serve as a promising drug target to regulate cardiovascular physiological homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuyao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology and College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiwen Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology and College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Danfeng Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology and College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tingming Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology and College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology and College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- * E-mail:
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Wang Y, Yang J, Li H, Wang X, Zhu L, Fan M, Wang X. Hypoxia promotes dopaminergic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and shows benefits for transplantation in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. PLoS One 2013; 8:e54296. [PMID: 23342124 PMCID: PMC3546985 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells capable of differentiating into dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons, which is one of the major cell types damaged in Parkinson’s disease (PD). For this reason, MSCs are considered a potential cell source for PD therapy. It has been proved that hypoxia is involved in the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells. In this study, we investigated the effect of hypoxia on MSC proliferation and DAergic neuronal differentiation. Our results demonstrate that 3% O2 treatment can enhance rat MSC proliferation by upregulation of phosphorylated p38 MAPK and subsequent nuclear translocation of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α. During neural differentiation, 3% O2 treatment increases the expression of HIF-1α, phosphorylated ERK and p38 MAPK. These changes are followed by promotion of neurosphere formation and further DAergic neuronal differentiation. Furthermore, we explored the physiological function of hypoxia-induced DAergic neurons from human fetal MSCs by transplanting them into parkinsonian rats. Grafts induced with hypoxia display more survival of DAergic neurons and greater amelioration of behavioral impairments. Altogether, these results suggest that hypoxia can promote MSC proliferation and DAergic neuronal differentiation, and benefit for intrastriatal transplantation. Therefore, this study may provide new perspectives in application of MSCs to clinical PD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Neuroscience (PKU), Ministry of Education, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of Education Ministry, Youanmen, Beijing, China
- Beijing An Ding Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haisheng Li
- Department of Brain Protection, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of Education Ministry, Youanmen, Beijing, China
| | - Lingling Zhu
- Department of Brain Protection, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Fan
- Department of Brain Protection, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (XMW); (MF)
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of Education Ministry, Youanmen, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (XMW); (MF)
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Buravkova LB, Andreeva ER, Grigoriev AI. The impact of oxygen in physiological regulation of human multipotent mesenchymal cell functions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s0362119712040032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Montenegro CF, Salla-Pontes CL, Ribeiro JU, Machado AZ, Ramos RF, Figueiredo CC, Morandi V, Selistre-de-Araujo HS. Blocking αvβ3 integrin by a recombinant RGD disintegrin impairs VEGF signaling in endothelial cells. Biochimie 2012; 94:1812-20. [PMID: 22561350 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2012.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and αvβ3 integrin are key molecules that actively participate in tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. Some integrin-blocking molecules are currently under clinical trials for cancer and metastasis treatment. However, the mechanism of action of such inhibitors is not completely understood. We have previously demonstrated the anti-angiogenic and anti-metastatic properties of DisBa-01, a recombinant His-tag RGD-disintegrin from Bothrops alternatus snake venom in some experimental models. DisBa-01 blocks αvβ3 integrin binding to vitronectin and inhibits integrin-mediated downstream signaling cascades and cell migration. Here we add some new information on the mechanism of action of DisBa-01 in the tumor microenvironment. DisBa-01 supports the adhesion of fibroblasts and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells but it inhibits the adhesion of these cells to type I collagen under flow in high shear conditions, as a simulation of the blood stream. DisBa-01 does not affect the release of VEGF by fibroblasts or breast cancer cells but it strongly decreases the expression of VEGF mRNA and of its receptors, vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1 and 2 (VEGFR1 and VEGFR2) in endothelial cells. DisBa-01 at nanomolar concentrations also modulates metalloprotease 2 (MMP-2) and 9 (MMP-9) activity, the latter being decreased in fibroblasts and increased in MDA-MB-231 cells. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that αvβ3 integrin inhibitors may induce distinct effects in the cells of the tumor microenvironment, resulting in blockade of angiogenesis by impairing of VEGF signaling and in inhibition of tumor cell motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyntia F Montenegro
- Dep. Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis km 235, 13565-905 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
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Shome S, Dasgupta PS, Basu S. Dopamine regulates mobilization of mesenchymal stem cells during wound angiogenesis. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31682. [PMID: 22355389 PMCID: PMC3280323 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 01/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an important step in the complex biological and molecular events leading to successful healing of dermal wounds. Among the different cellular effectors of wound angiogenesis, the role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is of current interest due to their transdifferentiation and proangiogenic potentials. Skin is richly innervated by sympathetic nerves which secrete dopamine (DA) and we have recently shown that concentration of DA present in synaptic cleft can significantly inhibit wound tissue neovascularization. As recent reports indicate that MSCs by mobilizing into wound bed play an important role in promoting wound angiogenesis, we therefore investigated the effect of DA on the migration of MSCs in wound tissues. DA acted through its D(2) receptors present in the MSCs to inhibit their mobilization to the wound beds by suppressing Akt phosphorylation and actin polymerization. In contrast, this inhibitory effect of DA was reversed after treatment with specific DA D(2) receptor antagonist. Increased mobilization of MSCs was demonstrated in the wound site following blockade of DA D(2) receptor mediated actions, and this in turn was associated with significantly more angiogenesis in wound tissues. This study is of translational value and indicates use of DA D(2) receptor antagonists to stimulate mobilization of these stem cells for faster regeneration of damaged tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurav Shome
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Partha Sarathi Dasgupta
- Department of Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- * E-mail: (PSD); (SB)
| | - Sujit Basu
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Dorthy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Arthur G. James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail: (PSD); (SB)
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Novo E, Povero D, Busletta C, Paternostro C, di Bonzo LV, Cannito S, Compagnone A, Bandino A, Marra F, Colombatto S, David E, Pinzani M, Parola M. The biphasic nature of hypoxia-induced directional migration of activated human hepatic stellate cells. J Pathol 2011; 226:588-97. [PMID: 21959987 DOI: 10.1002/path.3005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2011] [Revised: 09/09/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Liver fibrogenesis is sustained by pro-fibrogenic myofibroblast-like cells (MFs), mainly originating from activated hepatic stellate cells (HSC/MFs) or portal (myo)fibroblasts, and is favoured by hypoxia-dependent angiogenesis. Human HSC/MFs were reported to express vascular-endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF-receptor type 2 and to migrate under hypoxic conditions. This study was designed to investigate early and delayed signalling mechanisms involved in hypoxia-induced migration of human HSC/MFs. Signal transduction pathways and intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were evaluated by integrating morphological, cell, and molecular biology techniques. Non-oriented and oriented migration were evaluated by using wound healing assay and the modified Boyden's chamber assay, respectively. The data indicate that hypoxia-induced migration of HSC/MFs is a biphasic process characterized by the following sequence of events: (a) an early (15 min) and mitochondria-related increased generation of intracellular ROS which (b) was sufficient to switch on activation of ERK1/2 and JNK1/2 that were responsible for the early phase of oriented migration; (c) a delayed and HIF-1α-dependent increase in VEGF expression (facilitated by ROS) and its progressive, time-dependent release in the extracellular medium that (d) was mainly responsible for sustained migration of HSC/MFs. Finally, immunohistochemistry performed on HCV-related fibrotic/cirrhotic livers revealed HIF-2α and haem-oxygenase-1 positivity in hepatocytes and α-SMA-positive MFs, indicating that MFs were likely to be exposed in vivo to both hypoxia and oxidative stress. In conclusion, hypoxia-induced migration of HSC/MFs involves an early, mitochondrial-dependent ROS-mediated activation of ERK and JNK, followed by a delayed- and HIF-1α-dependent up-regulation and release of VEGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Novo
- Dip. Medicina e Oncologia Sperimentale-Centro Interuniversitario di Fisiopatologia Epatica, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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47
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Busletta C, Novo E, Valfrè Di Bonzo L, Povero D, Paternostro C, Ievolella M, Mareschi K, Ferrero I, Cannito S, Compagnone A, Bandino A, Colombatto S, Fagioli F, Parola M. Dissection of the Biphasic Nature of Hypoxia-Induced Motogenic Action in Bone Marrow-Derived Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cells 2011; 29:952-63. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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48
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Zhang DH, Zhou JP. Role of focal adhesion kinase in the pathogenesis of colorectal carcinoma. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2011; 19:1279-1284. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v19.i12.1279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) was initially identified as a nonreceptor protein tyrosine kinase localized to the focal contact protein clusters. This enzyme has been shown to facilitate generation of integrin-stimulated signals to downstream targets. It has been reported that activation of FAK leads to a number of processes, including cell attachment, migration, proliferation, and survival. The expression of FAK in colon carcinoma is significantly higher than that in matched cancer-adjacent normal tissue, suggesting that FAK may be an important target for the therapy of colon carcinoma. The inhibition of FAK activation can interrupt many signal pathways involved in colon carcinogenesis and may represent a new therapy strategy for colon carcinoma.
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49
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Kim JH, Park SH, Park SG, Choi JS, Xia Y, Sung JH. The pivotal role of reactive oxygen species generation in the hypoxia-induced stimulation of adipose-derived stem cells. Stem Cells Dev 2011; 20:1753-61. [PMID: 21265612 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2010.0469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) offer a potential alternative for tissue repair and regeneration. We have recently shown that hypoxia stimulates ASCs and enhances the regenerative potential of ASCs, which is beneficial for ASC therapy. In the present study, we further investigated a key mediator and a signal pathway involved in the stimulation of ASC during hypoxia. Culturing ASC in a hypoxic incubator (2% oxygen tension) increased the proliferation and migration, and this was mediated by Akt and ERK pathways. To determine the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate intensity was detected by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Hypoxia significantly increased the dichlorofluorescin diacetate intensity, which was greatly reduced by N-acetyl-cysteine and diphenyleneiodonium treatment. Likewise, the hypoxia-induced proliferation and migration of ASCs were reversed by N-acetyl-cysteine and diphenyleneiodonium treatment, suggesting the involvement of ROS generation in ASC stimulation. Further, we examined the activation of receptor tyrosine kinases and observed that hypoxia stimulated the phosphorylation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β. In summary, the ROS produced by ASCs in response to hypoxia was mostly likely due to NADPH oxidase activity. The increased cellular ROS was accompanied by the phosphorylation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β as well as by the activation of ERK and Akt signal pathways. Our results suggest a pivotal role for ROS generation in the stimulation of ASCs by hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hye Kim
- Department of Applied Bioscience, CHA University, Seoul, Korea
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50
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Mohyeldin A, Garzón-Muvdi T, Quiñones-Hinojosa A. Oxygen in stem cell biology: a critical component of the stem cell niche. Cell Stem Cell 2010; 7:150-61. [PMID: 20682444 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2010.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1107] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The defining hallmark of stem cells is their ability to self-renew and maintain multipotency. This capacity depends on the balance of complex signals in their microenvironment. Low oxygen tensions (hypoxia) maintain undifferentiated states of embryonic, hematopoietic, mesenchymal, and neural stem cell phenotypes and also influence proliferation and cell-fate commitment. Recent evidence has identified a broader spectrum of stem cells influenced by hypoxia that includes cancer stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells. These findings have important implications on our understanding of development, disease, and tissue-engineering practices and furthermore elucidate an added dimension of stem cell control within the niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Mohyeldin
- Department of Neurosurgery and Oncology, Brain Tumor Stem Cell Laboratory, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
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