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Du W, Wang Z, Dong Y, Hu J, Chen X. Association between fibrinogen and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:376. [PMID: 37211609 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03785-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is very limited of evidence linking fibrinogen and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. Therefore, this study intended to examine the relationship between fibrinogen and total BMD in postmenopausal women. METHODS This cross-sectional analysis included 2043 postmenopausal women aged 50 years and older from the 1999 to 2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The independent variable was fibrinogen and the outcome variable was total BMD. The association between fibrinogen and total BMD in postmenopausal women was examined using multivariate linear regression models, with subgroup analyses stratified by race. Smoothing curve fitting and generalized additive models further analyzed the sample data. RESULTS In multiple regression models adjusted for potential confounders, fibrinogen was negatively associated with total BMD (model 1: - 0.0002 [- 0.0002, - 0.0001], model 2: - 0.0000 [- 0.0001, - 0.0000], model 3: - 0.0001 [- 0.0001, - 0.0001]). In subgroup analysis stratified by race, fibrinogen levels were negatively associated with total BMD in postmenopausal women, Non-Hispanic Whites, and Mexican Americans. However, in Non-Hispanic Blacks, the correlation between fibrinogen levels and total BMD was not significant. For individuals that identify as Other Races, fibrinogen levels were positively correlated with total BMD. CONCLUSION Our findings show a negative association between fibrinogen levels and total BMD in most postmenopausal women aged 50 years and older, however, is variable by race. In postmenopausal women, Non-Hispanic Whites and Mexican Americans, relatively high fibrinogen levels may be adverse to bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibin Du
- Research Institute of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Jiangnan Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 312001, Zhejiang, China.
- Hangzhou Xiaoshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, 312001, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zhenwei Wang
- Research Institute of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Jiangnan Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 312001, Zhejiang, China
- Hangzhou Xiaoshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, 312001, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Dong
- Shaoxing TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jintao Hu
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Hangzhou TCM Hospital, Affilliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Research Institute of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Jiangnan Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 312001, Zhejiang, China.
- Hangzhou Xiaoshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, 312001, Zhejiang, China.
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Pepe J, Rossi M, Battafarano G, Vernocchi P, Conte F, Marzano V, Mariani E, Mortera SL, Cipriani C, Rana I, Buonuomo PS, Bartuli A, De Martino V, Pelle S, Pascucci L, Toniolo RM, Putignani L, Minisola S, Del Fattore A. Characterization of Extracellular Vesicles in Osteoporotic Patients Compared to Osteopenic and Healthy Controls. J Bone Miner Res 2022; 37:2186-2200. [PMID: 36053959 PMCID: PMC10086946 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are mediators of a range of pathological conditions. However, their role in bone loss disease has not been well understood. In this study we characterized plasma EVs of 54 osteoporotic (OP) postmenopausal women compared to 48 osteopenic (OPN) and 44 healthy controls (CN), and we investigated their effects on osteoclasts and osteoblasts. We found no differences between the three groups in terms of anthropometric measurements and biochemical evaluation of serum calcium, phosphate, creatinine, PTH, 25-hydroxy vitamin D and bone biomarkers, except for an increase of CTX level in OP group. FACS analysis revealed that OP patients presented a significantly increased number of EVs and RANKL+ EVs compared with both CN and OPN subjects. Total EVs are negatively associated with the lumbar spine T-score and femoral neck T-score. Only in the OPN patients we observed a positive association between the total number of EVs and RANKL+ EVs with the serum RANKL. In vitro studies revealed that OP EVs supported osteoclastogenesis of healthy donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells at the same level observed following RANKL and M-CSF treatment, reduced the ability of mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into osteoblasts, while inducing an increase of OSTERIX and RANKL expression in mature osteoblasts. The analysis of miRNome revealed that miR-1246 and miR-1224-5p were the most upregulated and downregulated in OP EVs; the modulated EV-miRNAs in OP and OPN compared to CN are related to osteoclast differentiation, interleukin-13 production and regulation of canonical WNT pathway. A proteomic comparison between OPN and CN EVs evidenced a decrease in fibrinogen, vitronectin, and clusterin and an increase in coagulation factors and apolipoprotein, which was also upregulated in OP EVs. Interestingly, an increase in RANKL+ EVs and exosomal miR-1246 was also observed in samples from patients affected by Gorham-Stout disease, suggesting that EVs could be good candidate as bone loss disease biomarkers. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Pepe
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Rossi
- Bone Physiopathology Research Unit, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Battafarano
- Bone Physiopathology Research Unit, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Pamela Vernocchi
- Unit of Human Microbiome, Multimodal Laboratory Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Conte
- Institute for System Analysis and Computer Science "A.Ruberti", National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Marzano
- Unit of Human Microbiome, Multimodal Laboratory Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Eda Mariani
- Research Laboratory, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Levi Mortera
- Unit of Human Microbiome, Multimodal Laboratory Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristiana Cipriani
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Ippolita Rana
- Rare Diseases and Medical Genetic Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Sabrina Buonuomo
- Rare Diseases and Medical Genetic Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Bartuli
- Rare Diseases and Medical Genetic Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Viviana De Martino
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Pelle
- "Polo Sanitario San Feliciano - Villa Aurora" Clinic, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Pascucci
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Renato Maria Toniolo
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenza Putignani
- Department of Diagnostics and Laboratory Medicine, Unit of Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology, Unit of Microbiomics, and Multimodal Laboratory Medicine Research Area, Unit of Human Microbiome, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Minisola
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Del Fattore
- Bone Physiopathology Research Unit, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Chandra S, Srinivasan S, Batra J. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 beta: A perspective in cancer. Cancer Med 2021; 10:1791-1804. [PMID: 33580750 PMCID: PMC7940219 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 beta (HNF1 β/B) exists as a homeobox transcription factor having a vital role in the embryonic development of organs mainly liver, kidney and pancreas. Initially described as a gene causing maturity‐onset diabetes of the young (MODY), HNF1β expression deregulation and single nucleotide polymorphisms in HNF1β have now been associated with several tumours including endometrial, prostate, ovarian, hepatocellular, renal and colorectal cancers. Its function has been studied either as homodimer or heterodimer with HNF1α. In this review, the role of HNF1B in different cancers will be discussed along with the role of its splice variants, and its emerging role as a potential biomarker in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhra Chandra
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Srilakshmi Srinivasan
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Jyotsna Batra
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-Queensland, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
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4
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Huang JM, Ren RY, Bao Y, Guo JC, Xiang W, Jing XZ, Shi J, Zhang GX, Li L, Tian Y, Kang H, Guo FJ. Ulinastatin Inhibits Osteoclastogenesis and Suppresses Ovariectomy-Induced Bone Loss by Downregulating uPAR. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1016. [PMID: 30245631 PMCID: PMC6137085 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies indicate that uPAR acts a crucial part in cell migration and the modulation of bone homeostasis. As a natural serine protease inhibitor, ulinastatin owns the capacity to reduce proinflammatory factors, downregulate the activation of NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathways. Osteoclastogenesis has been demonstrated to be related with low-grade inflammation which involves cell migration, thus we speculate that ulinastatin may have a certain kind of impact on uPAR so as to be a potential inhibiting agent of osteoclastogenesis. In this research, we investigated the role which ulinastatin plays in RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis both in vivo and in vitro. Ulinastatin inhibited osteoclast formation and bone resorption in a dose-dependent manner in primary bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs), and knockdown of uPAR could completely repress the formation of osteoclasts. At the molecular level, ulinastatin suppressed RANKL-induced activation of cathepsin K, TRAP, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and MAPKs, and decreased the expression of uPAR. At the meantime, ulinastatin also decreased the expression of osteoclast marker genes, including cathepsin K, TRAP, RANK, and NFATc1. Besides, ulinastatin prevented bone loss in ovariectomized C57 mice by inhibiting the formation of osteoclasts. To sum up, this research confirmed that ulinastatin has the ability to inhibit osteoclastogenesis and prevent bone loss, and uPAR plays a crucial role in that process. Therefore, ulinastatin could be chosen as an effective alternative therapeutics for osteoclast-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ming Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ran-Yue Ren
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Bao
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia-Chao Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xing-Zhi Jing
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guo-Xiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Long Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Tian
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Kang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng-Jin Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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5
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Choi EK, Park HJ, Sul OJ, Rajasekaran M, Yu R, Choi HS. Carbon monoxide reverses adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance upon loss of ovarian function. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2015; 308:E621-30. [PMID: 25714672 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00458.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We hypothesized that carbon monoxide (CO) might suppress chronic inflammation, which led to metabolic disturbances. Ovariectomy (OVX) was performed in mice to mimic chronic inflammation secondary to loss of ovarian function. OVX increased fat mass and the infiltration of highly inflammatory CD11c cells into adipose tissue (AT), resulting in a disturbance of glucose metabolism. Treatment of CO attenuated these; CO decreased recruitment of CD11c-expressing cells in AT and reduced expression of CD11c in bone marrow-derived macrophages, protecting them from M1 polarization. Upregulated cGMP and decreased reactive oxygen species were responsible for the inhibitory activity of CO on CD11c expression; knockdown of soluble guanylate cyclase or heme oxygenase-1 using small interfering RNAs reduced this inhibition substantially. Improved OVX-induced insulin resistance (IR) by CO was highly associated with its activity to attenuate AT inflammation. Our results suggest a therapeutic value of CO to treat postmenopausal IR by reducing AT inflammation.
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MESH Headings
- Adipose Tissue, White/drug effects
- Adipose Tissue, White/immunology
- Adipose Tissue, White/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue, White/pathology
- Adiposity/drug effects
- Aging
- Animals
- Antimetabolites/pharmacology
- Carbon Monoxide/pharmacology
- Cells, Cultured
- Cyclic GMP/agonists
- Cyclic GMP/metabolism
- Female
- Guanylate Cyclase/antagonists & inhibitors
- Guanylate Cyclase/genetics
- Guanylate Cyclase/metabolism
- Heme Oxygenase-1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Heme Oxygenase-1/genetics
- Heme Oxygenase-1/metabolism
- Injections, Intraperitoneal
- Insulin Resistance
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/immunology
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Membrane Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Organometallic Compounds/administration & dosage
- Organometallic Compounds/pharmacology
- Organometallic Compounds/therapeutic use
- Ovariectomy/adverse effects
- Panniculitis/immunology
- Panniculitis/metabolism
- Panniculitis/pathology
- Panniculitis/prevention & control
- Prodrugs/administration & dosage
- Prodrugs/pharmacology
- Prodrugs/therapeutic use
- RNA Interference
- Reactive Oxygen Species/antagonists & inhibitors
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/genetics
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/metabolism
- Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase
- Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Kyung Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, South Korea; and
| | - Hyun-Jung Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, South Korea; and
| | - Ok-Joo Sul
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, South Korea; and
| | - Monisha Rajasekaran
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, South Korea; and
| | - Rina Yu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Hye-Seon Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, South Korea; and
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Liang DK, Bai XJ, Wu B, Han LL, Wang XN, Yang J, Chen XM. Associations between bone mineral density and subclinical atherosclerosis: a cross-sectional study of a Chinese population. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014; 99:469-77. [PMID: 24248180 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2013-2572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The significance of associations between bone mineral density (BMD) and atherosclerosis in the Asian population is less clear. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the population-level associations between BMD and subclinical atherosclerosis. DESIGN AND SETTING This was a community-based cross-sectional study conducted in Shenyang, China. PARTICIPANTS A total of 385 Chinese women and men aged 37-87 years were studied. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The BMD was measured at the total hip and lumbar spine using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. The ankle-brachial index (ABI), pulse wave velocity (PWV), and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) were measured to assess atherosclerosis. Multiple regression analysis was applied to study the associations. Multicolinearity was examined using the variance inflation factor, condition index, and variance proportions. Factor analysis and principal component regression were used to remove the problem of multicolinearity. RESULTS The differences of ABI, PWV, and CIMT among the normal BMD, osteopenia, and osteoporosis groups were not found. Total hip BMD was correlated with ABI in women after adjustment for age (r = 0.156). Sex-specific regression models included adjustment for age, body mass index, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, menopausal status (women), systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, serum uric acid, estimated glomerular filtration rate, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and fibrinogen. Total hip BMD was associated with ABI in women after adjustment for age (per SD decrease in ABI: -0.130 g/cm(2), P = .022), but the association was borderline significant after full adjustment (P = .045). Total hip BMD and lumbar spine BMD were not associated with ABI, PWV, and CIMT after full adjustment in participants without a fracture history. The risk of osteoporosis was not associated with ABI, PWV, and CIMT. CONCLUSIONS Low BMD is not associated with subclinical atherosclerosis as assessed by ABI, PWV, and CIMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ke Liang
- Departments of Gerontology and Geriatrics (D.-K.L., B.W., X.-N.W.) and Cardiac Function (J.Y.), the First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China; Departments of Gerontology and Geriatrics (X.-J.B., L.-L.H.), Sheng Jing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China; and Department of Kidney (X.-M.C.), General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, China
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Choi EK, Kim WK, Sul OJ, Park YK, Kim ES, Suh JH, Yu R, Choi HS. TNFRSF14 deficiency protects against ovariectomy-induced adipose tissue inflammation. J Endocrinol 2014; 220:25-33. [PMID: 24287621 DOI: 10.1530/joe-13-0341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
To elucidate the role of tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 14 (TNFRSF14) in metabolic disturbance due to loss of ovarian function, ovariectomy (OVX) was performed in TNFRSF 14-knockout mice. OVX increased fat mass and infiltration of highly inflammatory CD11c cells in the adipose tissue (AT), which was analyzed by flow cytometry, and resulted in disturbance of glucose metabolism, whereas TNFRSF14 deficiency attenuated these effects. TNFRSF14 deficiency decreased recruitment of CD11c-expressing cells in AT and reduced the polarization of bone marrow-derived macrophages to M1. Upon engagement of LIGHT, a TNFRSF14 ligand, TNFRSF14 enhanced the expression of CD11c via generation of reactive oxygen species, suggesting a role of TNFRSF14 as a redox modulator. TNFRSF14 participated in OVX-induced AT inflammation via upregulation of CD11c, resulting in metabolic perturbation. TNFRSF14 could be used as a therapeutic target for the treatment of postmenopausal syndrome by reducing AT inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Kyung Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Korea Department of Endocrinology, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan 682-714, Korea Department of Pathology, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan 682-714, Korea Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Korea
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Torres A, Santos S, Oliveira M, Barbosa M. Fibrinogen promotes resorption of chitosan by human osteoclasts. Acta Biomater 2013; 9:6553-62. [PMID: 23376128 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Revised: 01/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties of materials intended for bone regeneration have been extensively tested, but the resorbability of these materials is often overlooked. Osteoclasts are responsible for bone resorption and play a crucial role in bone remodeling, which is essential for complete regeneration of bone tissue following injury. In this study we compare, for the first time, the ability of unmodified and fibrinogen (Fg)-modified chitosan (Ch) substrates to support the formation of multinucleated osteoclasts, and the potential of these cells to resorb the two substrates in vitro. Osteoclasts were differentiated from primary human peripheral blood monocytes directly on the substrates being investigated. Our results showed similar cell adhesion to unmodified and Fg-modified Ch substrates. Although the number of multinucleated osteoclasts on both Ch substrates increased throughout the culture period, by 21 days of culture significantly more highly multinucleated osteoclasts (>10 nuclei per cell) were observed on Fg-modified Ch, when compared to Ch alone. In addition, cells were tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase positive and secreted significantly more enzyme on Ch-based substrates than in control conditions. Unmodified and Fg-modified Ch resorption was investigated by fluorescence microscopy and confirmed by electron microscopy. Quantification of results obtained by fluorescence microscopy shows that Fg modification led to significantly higher substrate resorption by 17 days of culture. Our results show that osteoclasts, beyond resorbing mineralized substrates, successfully resorb a polymeric substrate (Ch), with Fg accelerating this process. Thus, in bone tissue regeneration strategies employing polymeric biomaterials, resorption may depend not only on macrophages, but also on osteoclasts.
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