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Bedo D, Beaudrey T, Florens N. Unraveling Chronic Cardiovascular and Kidney Disorder through the Butterfly Effect. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:463. [PMID: 38472936 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14050463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic Cardiovascular and Kidney Disorder (CCKD) represents a growing challenge in healthcare, characterized by the complex interplay between heart and kidney diseases. This manuscript delves into the "butterfly effect" in CCKD, a phenomenon in which acute injuries in one organ lead to progressive dysfunction in the other. Through extensive review, we explore the pathophysiology underlying this effect, emphasizing the roles of acute kidney injury (AKI) and heart failure (HF) in exacerbating each other. We highlight emerging therapies, such as renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors, SGLT2 inhibitors, and GLP1 agonists, that show promise in mitigating the progression of CCKD. Additionally, we discuss novel therapeutic targets, including Galectin-3 inhibition and IL33/ST2 pathway modulation, and their potential in altering the course of CCKD. Our comprehensive analysis underscores the importance of recognizing and treating the intertwined nature of cardiac and renal dysfunctions, paving the way for more effective management strategies for this multifaceted syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri Bedo
- Nephrology Department, Hopitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, F-67091 Strasbourg, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Team 3072 "Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscle Protection", Translational Medicine Federation of Strasbourg (FMTS), F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Thomas Beaudrey
- Nephrology Department, Hopitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, F-67091 Strasbourg, France
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, INSERM UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, ITI TRANSPLANTEX NG, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Nans Florens
- Nephrology Department, Hopitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, F-67091 Strasbourg, France
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, INSERM UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, ITI TRANSPLANTEX NG, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
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2
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Yue H, Zhang Q, Chang S, Zhao X, Wang M, Li W. Adiponectin protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical animal studies. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:51. [PMID: 38368320 PMCID: PMC10874037 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02028-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is widespread in the treatment of ischemic heart disease, and its treatment options are currently limited. Adiponectin (APN) is an adipocytokine with cardioprotective properties; however, the mechanisms of APN in MIRI are unclear. Therefore, based on preclinical (animal model) evidence, the cardioprotective effects of APN and the underlying mechanisms were explored. METHODS The literature was searched for the protective effect of APN on MIRI in six databases until 16 November 2023, and data were extracted according to selection criteria. The outcomes were the size of the myocardial necrosis area and hemodynamics. Markers of oxidation, apoptosis, and inflammation were secondary outcome indicators. The quality evaluation was performed using the animal study evaluation scale recommended by the Systematic Review Center for Laboratory animal Experimentation statement. Stata/MP 14.0 software was used for the summary analysis. RESULTS In total, 20 papers with 426 animals were included in this study. The pooled analysis revealed that APN significantly reduced myocardial infarct size [weighted mean difference (WMD) = 16.67 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 13.18 to 20.16, P < 0.001)] and improved hemodynamics compared to the MIRI group [Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure: WMD = 5.96 (95% CI = 4.23 to 7.70, P < 0.001); + dP/dtmax: WMD = 1393.59 (95% CI = 972.57 to 1814.60, P < 0.001); -dP/dtmax: WMD = 850.06 (95% CI = 541.22 to 1158.90, P < 0.001); Left ventricular ejection fraction: WMD = 9.96 (95% CI = 7.29 to 12.63, P < 0.001)]. Apoptosis indicators [caspase-3: standardized mean difference (SMD) = 3.86 (95% CI = 2.97 to 4.76, P < 0.001); TUNEL-positive cells: WMD = 13.10 (95% CI = 8.15 to 18.05, P < 0.001)], inflammatory factor levels [TNF-α: SMD = 4.23 (95% CI = 2.48 to 5.98, P < 0.001)], oxidative stress indicators [Superoxide production: SMD = 4.53 (95% CI = 2.39 to 6.67, P < 0.001)], and lactate dehydrogenase levels [SMD = 2.82 (95% CI = 1.60 to 4.04, P < 0.001)] were significantly reduced. However, the superoxide dismutase content was significantly increased [SMD = 1.91 (95% CI = 1.17 to 2.65, P < 0.001)]. CONCLUSION APN protects against MIRI via anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antioxidant effects, and this effect is achieved by activating different signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Yue
- Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, 712082, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qunhui Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan, 421001, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Multi-omics And Artificial Intelligence of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of South China, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Senhao Chang
- Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, 712082, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinjie Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, 712082, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mengjie Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, 712082, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenhua Li
- Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, 712082, Shaanxi, China.
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Quiroga B, Ortiz A, Navarro-González JF, Santamaría R, de Sequera P, Díez J. From cardiorenal syndromes to cardionephrology: a reflection by nephrologists on renocardiac syndromes. Clin Kidney J 2022; 16:19-29. [PMID: 36726435 PMCID: PMC9871856 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfac113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiorenal syndromes (CRS) are broadly defined as disorders of the heart and kidneys whereby acute or chronic dysfunction in one organ may induce acute or chronic dysfunction of the other. CRS are currently classified into five categories, mostly based on disease-initiating events and their acuity or chronicity. CRS types 3 and 4 (also called renocardiac syndromes) refer to acute and chronic kidney dysfunction resulting in acute and chronic heart dysfunction, respectively. The notion of renocardiac syndromes has broadened interest in kidney-heart interactions but uncertainty remains in the nephrological community's understanding of the clinical diversity, pathophysiological mechanisms and optimal management approaches of these syndromes. This triple challenge that renocardiac syndromes (and likely other cardiorenal syndromes) pose to the nephrologist can only be faced through a specific and demanding training plan to enhance his/her cardiological scientific knowledge and through an appropriate clinical environment to develop his/her cardiological clinical skills. The first must be the objective of the subspecialty of cardionephrology (or nephrocardiology) and the second must be the result of collaboration with cardiologists (and other specialists) in cardiorenal care units. This review will first consider various aspects of the challenges that renocardiac syndromes pose to nephrologists and, then, will discuss those aspects of cardionephrology and cardiorenal units that can facilitate an effective response to the challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juan F Navarro-González
- RICORS2040, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain,Division of Nephrology and Research Unit, University Hospital Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, and University Institute of Biomedical Technologies, University of La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Rafael Santamaría
- RICORS2040, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain,Division of Nephrology, University Hospital Reina Sofia, Cordoba, Spain,Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain
| | - Patricia de Sequera
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Infanta Leonor, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Targeting AMPK signaling in ischemic/reperfusion injury: From molecular mechanism to pharmacological interventions. Cell Signal 2022; 94:110323. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Soppert J, Frisch J, Wirth J, Hemmers C, Boor P, Kramann R, Vondenhoff S, Moellmann J, Lehrke M, Hohl M, van der Vorst EPC, Werner C, Speer T, Maack C, Marx N, Jankowski J, Roma LP, Noels H. A systematic review and meta-analysis of murine models of uremic cardiomyopathy. Kidney Int 2021; 101:256-273. [PMID: 34774555 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2021.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) triggers the risk of developing uremic cardiomyopathy as characterized by cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis and functional impairment. Traditionally, animal studies are used to reveal the underlying pathological mechanism, although variable CKD models, mouse strains and readouts may reveal diverse results. Here, we systematically reviewed 88 studies and performed meta-analyses of 52 to support finding suitable animal models for future experimental studies on pathological kidney-heart crosstalk during uremic cardiomyopathy. We compared different mouse strains and the direct effect of CKD on cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis and cardiac function in "single hit" strategies as well as cardiac effects of kidney injury combined with additional cardiovascular risk factors in "multifactorial hit" strategies. In C57BL/6 mice, CKD was associated with a mild increase in cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis and marginal systolic dysfunction. Studies revealed high variability in results, especially regarding hypertrophy and systolic function. Cardiac hypertrophy in CKD was more consistently observed in 129/Sv mice, which express two instead of one renin gene and more consistently develop increased blood pressure upon CKD induction. Overall, "multifactorial hit" models more consistently induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis compared to "single hit" kidney injury models. Thus, genetic factors and additional cardiovascular risk factors can "prime" for susceptibility to organ damage, with increased blood pressure, cardiac hypertrophy and early cardiac fibrosis more consistently observed in 129/Sv compared to C57BL/6 strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefin Soppert
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Janina Frisch
- Department of Biophysics, Center for Human and Molecular Biology (ZHMB), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Julia Wirth
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Hemmers
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Peter Boor
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany; Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rafael Kramann
- Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sonja Vondenhoff
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Julia Moellmann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael Lehrke
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mathias Hohl
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology/Angiology, University of Homburg, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Emiel P C van der Vorst
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany; Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Werner
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology/Angiology, University of Homburg, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Thimoteus Speer
- Translational Cardio-Renal Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Christoph Maack
- Department of Translational Research, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Marx
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Joachim Jankowski
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany; Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Leticia Prates Roma
- Department of Biophysics, Center for Human and Molecular Biology (ZHMB), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Heidi Noels
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany; Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Jiang J, Shi Y, Cao J, Lu Y, Sun G, Yang J. Role of ASM/Cer/TXNIP signaling module in the NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Lipids Health Dis 2021; 20:19. [PMID: 33612104 PMCID: PMC7897379 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-021-01446-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to explore the effects of ceramide (Cer) on NLRP3 inflammasome activation and their underlying mechanisms. METHODS Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in J774A.1 cells and THP-1 macrophages was used as an in vitro model of inflammation. Western blotting and real-time PCR (RT-PCR) were used to detect the protein and mRNA levels, respectively. IL-1β and IL-18 levels were measured by ELISA. ASM assay kit and immunofluorescence were used to detect ASM activity and Cer content. RESULTS Imipramine, a well-known inhibitor of ASM, significantly inhibited LPS/ATP-induced activity of ASM and the consequent accumulation of Cer. Additionally, imipramine suppressed the LPS/ATP-induced expression of thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP), NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 at the protein and mRNA level. Interestingly verapamil, a TXNIP inhibitor, suppressed LPS/ATP-induced activation of TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome but did not affect LPS/ATP-induced ASM activation and Cer formation. TXNIP siRNA and verapamil inhibited C2-Cer-induced upregulation of TXNIP and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. In addition, the pretreatment of cells with sulfo-N-succinimidyl oleate (SSO), an irreversible inhibitor of the scavenger receptor CD36, blocked Cer-induced upregulation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity, TXNIP expression, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Inhibition of NF-κB activation by SN50 prevented Cer-induced upregulation of TXNIP and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome but did not affect CD36 expression. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that the ASM/Cer/TXNIP signaling pathway is involved in NLRP3 inflammasome activation. The results documented that the CD36-dependent NF-κB-TXNIP signaling pathway plays an essential role in the Cer-induced activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Yining Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Jiyu Cao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Youjin Lu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Gengyun Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China.
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.
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Carballo MCS, Pinto LCS, Brito MVH. The role of adiponectin in ischemia-reperfusion syndrome: a literature review. EINSTEIN-SAO PAULO 2020; 18:eRW5160. [PMID: 32876087 PMCID: PMC7444600 DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2020rw5160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin, among other diverse adipokines, is produced in greater quantity and has an effect on the adipose tissue and other tissues in the body. Adiponectin plays three main roles: regulatory metabolic and sensitizing function of insulin in the liver and muscles; it acts as an anti-inflammatory cytokine and in vascular protection, besides important cardiac protection in the presence of ischemia-reperfusion syndrome. Since many situations resulting from traumatic accidents or pathologies are due to cell damage caused by ischemia-reperfusion syndrome, it is relevant to study new therapeutic alternatives that will contribute to reducing these lesions. The objective of this study is to carry out a literature review on the role of adiponectin in ischemia-reperfusion syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Legrand
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.L.); and INSERM 942, Lariboisière Hospital, and French Clinical Research Infrastructure Network, Investigation Network Initiative-Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists (F-CRIN INI-CRCT), Paris (M.L.), and Université de Lorraine, INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques-Plurithématique 1433, INSERM Unité 1116, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire (CHRU) de Nancy, and F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy (P.R.) - all in France
| | - Patrick Rossignol
- From the Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.L.); and INSERM 942, Lariboisière Hospital, and French Clinical Research Infrastructure Network, Investigation Network Initiative-Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists (F-CRIN INI-CRCT), Paris (M.L.), and Université de Lorraine, INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques-Plurithématique 1433, INSERM Unité 1116, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire (CHRU) de Nancy, and F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy (P.R.) - all in France
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Niedziela M, Wojciechowska M, Zarębiński M, Cudnoch-Jędrzejewska A, Mazurek T. Adiponectin promotes ischemic heart preconditioning- PRO and CON. Cytokine 2020; 127:154981. [PMID: 31911263 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Niedziela
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Wojciechowska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Independent Public Specialist Western Hospital John Paul II in Grodzisk Mazowiecki, Poland.
| | - Maciej Zarębiński
- Independent Public Specialist Western Hospital John Paul II in Grodzisk Mazowiecki, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Cudnoch-Jędrzejewska
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Laboratory of Center for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Mazurek
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
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Liu S. Heart-kidney interactions: mechanistic insights from animal models. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 316:F974-F985. [PMID: 30838876 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00624.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological changes in the heart or kidney can instigate the release of a cascade of cardiorenal mediators that promote injury in the other organ. Combined dysfunction of heart and kidney is referred to as cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) and has gained considerable attention. CRS has been classified into five distinct entities, each with different major pathophysiological changes. Despite the magnitude of the public health problem of CRS, the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood, and effective intervention is unavailable. Animal models have allowed us to discover pathogenic molecular changes to clarify the pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for heart-kidney interactions and to enable more accurate risk stratification and effective intervention. Here, this article focuses on the use of currently available animal models to elucidate mechanistic insights in the clinical cardiorenal phenotype arising from primary cardiac injury, primary renal disease with special emphasis of chronic kidney disease-specific risk factors, and simultaneous cardiorenal/renocardiac dysfunction. The development of novel animal models that recapitulate more closely the cardiorenal phenotype in a clinical scenario and discover the molecular basis of this condition will be of great benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Liu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , China
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11
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Liu Y, Xia C, Wang R, Zhang J, Yin T, Ma Y, Tao L. The opposite effects of nitric oxide donor, S-nitrosoglutathione, on myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury in diabetic and non-diabetic mice. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2018; 44:854-861. [PMID: 28500760 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide is a potent anti-apoptotic and cardioprotective molecule in healthy animals. However, recent study demonstrates that overexpression of eNOS exacerbates the liver injury in diabetic animals. whether diabetes may also alter NO's biologic activity in ischaemic/reperfused heart remains unknown. The present experiment was designed to determine whether the nitric oxide donor, S-nitrosoglutathione, may exert different effects on diabetic and non-diabetic myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury. Diabetic state was induced in mice by multiple intraperitoneal injections of low-dose streptozotocin (STZ). The control or diabetic mice were subjected to 30 minutes ischaemia and 3 or 24 hours reperfusion. At 10 minutes before reperfusion, diabetic and non-diabetic mice were received an intraperitoneal injection of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO, a nitric oxide donor, 1 μmol/kg). GSNO attenuated MI/R injury in non-diabetic mice, as measured by improved cardiac function, reduced infarct size and decreased cardiomyocyte apoptosis. In contrast, GSNO failed to attenuate but, rather, aggravated the MI/R injury in diabetic mice. Mechanically, the diabetic heart exhibited an increased nitrative/oxidative stress level, as measured by peroxynitrite formation, compared with non-diabetic mice. Co-administration of GSNO with EUK134 (a peroxynitrite scavenger) or MnTE-2-PyP5 (a superoxide dismutase mimetic) or Apocynin (a NADPH oxidase inhibitor) 10 minutes before reperfusion significantly decreased the MI/R-induced peroxynitrite formation and the MI/R injury. Collectively, the present study for the first time demonstrated that diabetes may cause superoxide overproduction, increase NO inactivation and peroxynitrite formation, and thus convert GSNO from a cardioprotective molecule to a cardiotoxic molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chenhai Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rutao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jinglong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tao Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yanzuo Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ling Tao
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Sun Q, Shen ZY, Duan WN, Meng QT, Xia ZY. Mechanism of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury through DJ-1/Nrf2 pathway in diabetic rats. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:4201-4207. [PMID: 29104636 PMCID: PMC5658721 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MIR) in diabetic rats and elucidate its underlying mechanism. A rat model of MIR was established by left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion for 30 min, followed by reperfusion for 2 h. Rats were randomly divided into four groups: i) Sham group, ii) sham + MIR group, iii) diabetic group and iv) diabetes + MIR group. Myocardial injury was detected by plasma creatine kinase isoenzyme MB and lactate dehydrogenase assays. AKI induced by MIR in diabetic rats was characterized by increases in cystatin C and β2-microglobulin levels. Oxidative stress injury was accompanied by an increase of malondialdehyde levels and a decrease of total antioxidative capacity in the renal tissues. Immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis demonstrated that the expression of DJ-1 and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) were significantly increased in the diabetes + MIR group compared with that in the sham + MIR and diabetic groups. Taken together, these results suggested that AKI induced by MIR in diabetic rats may be associated with activation of the DJ-1/Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Zi-Ying Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of The Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Na Duan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Tao Meng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Yuan Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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Wang H, Wu W, Duan J, Ma M, Kong W, Ke Y, Li G, Zheng J. Cardioprotection of ischemic preconditioning in rats involves upregulating adiponectin. J Mol Endocrinol 2017; 58:155-165. [PMID: 28219936 DOI: 10.1530/jme-16-0163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and adiponectin (APN) are cardioprotective in many cardiovascular disorders. However, whether APN mediates the effect of IPC on myocardial injury has not been elucidated. This study was conducted to investigate whether IPC affects myocardial ischemic injury by increasing APN expression. Male adult rats with cardiac knockdowns of APN and its receptors via intramyocardial small-interfering RNA injection were subjected to IPC and then myocardial infarction (MI) at 24 h after IPC. Globular APN (gAd) was injected at 10 min before MI. APN mRNA and protein levels in myocardium as well as the plasma APN concentration were markedly high at 6 and 12 h after IPC. IPC ameliorated myocardial injury as evidenced by improved cardiac functions and a reduced infarct size. Compared with the control MI group, rats in the IPC + MI group had elevated levels of left ventricular ejection fraction and fractional shortening and a smaller MI size (P < 0.05). However, the aforementioned protective effects were ameliorated in the absence of APN and APN receptors, followed by the inhibition of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation, but reversed by gAd treatment in wild-type rats, and AMPK phosphorylation increased (P < 0.05). Overall, our results suggest that the cardioprotective effects of IPC are partially due to upregulation of APN and provide a further insight into IPC-mediated signaling effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Intensive Care UnitChina-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Wu
- Department of CardiologyChina-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Duan
- Department of Intensive Care UnitChina-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Ma
- Department of Plastic and CosmetologyBeijing Haidian Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and PathophysiologySchool of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuannan Ke
- Department of CardiologyChina-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Intensive Care UnitChina-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingang Zheng
- Department of CardiologyChina-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Insufficient activation of Akt upon reperfusion because of its novel modification by reduced PP2A-B55α contributes to enlargement of infarct size by chronic kidney disease. Basic Res Cardiol 2017; 112:31. [PMID: 28421341 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-017-0621-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) increases myocardial infarct size by an unknown mechanism. Here we examined the hypothesis that impairment of protective PI3K-PDK1-Akt and/or mTORC-Akt signaling upon reperfusion contributes to CKD-induced enlargement of infarct size. CKD was induced in rats by 5/6 nephrectomy (SNx group) 4 weeks before myocardial infarction experiments, and sham-operated rats served as controls (Sham group). Infarct size as a percentage of area at risk after ischemia/reperfusion was significantly larger in the SNx group than in the Sham group (56.3 ± 4.6 vs. 41.4 ± 2.0%). In SNx group, myocardial p-Akt-Thr308 level at baseline was elevated, and reperfusion-induced phosphorylation of p-Akt-Ser473, p-p70s6K and p-GSK-3β was significantly suppressed. Inhibition of Akt-Ser473 phosphorylation upon reperfusion by Ku-0063794 significantly increased infarct size in the Sham group but not in the SNx group. There was no difference between the two groups in activities of mTORC2 and PDK1 and protein level of PTEN. However, the PP2A regulatory subunit B55α, which specifically targets Akt-Thr308, was reduced by 24% in the SNx group. Knockdown of B55α by siRNA increased baseline p-Akt-Thr308 and blunted Akt-Ser473 phosphorylation in response to insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in H9c2 cells. A blunted response of Akt-Ser473 to IGF-1 was also observed in HEK293 cells transfected with a p-Thr308-mimetic Akt mutant (T308D). These results indicate that increased Akt-Thr308 phosphorylation by down-regulation of B55α inhibits Akt-Ser473 phosphorylation upon reperfusion in CKD and that the impaired Akt activation by insufficient Ser473 phosphorylation upon reperfusion contributes to infarct size enlargement by CKD.
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Fonseca I, Oliveira JC, Santos J, Malheiro J, Martins LS, Almeida M, Dias L, Pedroso S, Lobato L, Henriques AC, Mendonça D. Leptin and adiponectin during the first week after kidney transplantation: biomarkers of graft dysfunction? Metabolism 2015; 64:202-7. [PMID: 25458832 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2014.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE Based on evidence that leptin and adiponectin are removed from circulation primarily by the kidney, we designed a study to examine the longitudinal changes of these adipokines during the first week after kidney transplantation (KTx) and to test the hypothesis that higher levels of leptin and/or adiponectin could be early biomarkers of delayed graft function (DGF=dialysis requirement during the first post-transplant week) and acute rejection. STUDY DESIGN Repeated-measures prospective study. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty consecutive adult patients with end-stage renal disease who were undergoing KTx. Leptin and adiponectin were measured in blood samples that were collected before (day-0) and after KTx (days-1, 2, 4 and 7). Linear mixed-models, receiver operating characteristic and area under curve (AUC-ROC) were used. RESULTS At post-transplant day-1, leptinemia and adiponectinemia declined 43% and 47%, respectively. At all times studied after KTx, the median leptin levels were significantly higher in patients developing DGF (n=18), but not adiponectin levels. Shortly after KTx (day-1), leptin values were significantly higher in DGF recipients in contrast to patients with promptly functioning kidneys, approximately two times higher when controlling for gender and BMI. The leptin reduction rate between pre-tranplant and one-day after KTx moderately predicted DGF (AUC=0.73). On day-1, serum leptin predicted DGF (AUC-ROC=0.76) with a performance slightly better than serum creatinine (AUC-ROC=0.72), even after correcting for BMI (AUC-ROC=0.73). Separating this analysis by gender showed that the performance of leptin in predicting DGF for male gender (AUC-ROC=0.86) improved. CONCLUSIONS Kidney graft function is an independent determinant of leptin levels, but not of adiponectin. Leptin levels at day-1 slightly outperformed serum creatinine in predicting the occurrence of DGF, and more accurately in male gender. No significant association was detected with acute rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Fonseca
- Department of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Hospital de Santo António, Porto, Portugal; Unit for Multidisciplinary Investigation in Biomedicine (UMIB), Porto, Portugal; Institute of Public Health (ISPUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - José Carlos Oliveira
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Hospital de Santo António, Porto, Portugal
| | - Josefina Santos
- Department of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Hospital de Santo António, Porto, Portugal; Unit for Multidisciplinary Investigation in Biomedicine (UMIB), Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Malheiro
- Department of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Hospital de Santo António, Porto, Portugal; Unit for Multidisciplinary Investigation in Biomedicine (UMIB), Porto, Portugal
| | - La Salete Martins
- Department of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Hospital de Santo António, Porto, Portugal; Unit for Multidisciplinary Investigation in Biomedicine (UMIB), Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuela Almeida
- Department of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Hospital de Santo António, Porto, Portugal; Unit for Multidisciplinary Investigation in Biomedicine (UMIB), Porto, Portugal
| | - Leonídio Dias
- Department of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Hospital de Santo António, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia Pedroso
- Department of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Hospital de Santo António, Porto, Portugal; Unit for Multidisciplinary Investigation in Biomedicine (UMIB), Porto, Portugal
| | - Luísa Lobato
- Department of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Hospital de Santo António, Porto, Portugal; Unit for Multidisciplinary Investigation in Biomedicine (UMIB), Porto, Portugal
| | - António Castro Henriques
- Department of Nephrology and Kidney Transplantation, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Hospital de Santo António, Porto, Portugal; Unit for Multidisciplinary Investigation in Biomedicine (UMIB), Porto, Portugal
| | - Denisa Mendonça
- Department of Population Studies, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Public Health (ISPUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Taylor D, Bhandari S, Seymour AML. Mitochondrial dysfunction in uremic cardiomyopathy. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2015; 308:F579-87. [PMID: 25587120 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00442.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Uremic cardiomyopathy (UCM) is characterized by metabolic remodelling, compromised energetics, and loss of insulin-mediated cardioprotection, which result in unsustainable adaptations and heart failure. However, the role of mitochondria and the susceptibility of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) formation in ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in UCM are unknown. Using a rat model of chronic uremia, we investigated the oxidative capacity of mitochondria in UCM and their sensitivity to ischemia-reperfusion mimetic oxidant and calcium stressors to assess the susceptibility to mPTP formation. Uremic animals exhibited a 45% reduction in creatinine clearance (P < 0.01), and cardiac mitochondria demonstrated uncoupling with increased state 4 respiration. Following IRI, uremic mitochondria exhibited a 58% increase in state 4 respiration (P < 0.05), with an overall reduction in respiratory control ratio (P < 0.01). Cardiomyocytes from uremic animals displayed a 30% greater vulnerability to oxidant-induced cell death determined by FAD autofluorescence (P < 0.05) and reduced mitochondrial redox state on exposure to 200 μM H2O2 (P < 0.01). The susceptibility to calcium-induced permeability transition showed that maximum rates of depolarization were enhanced in uremia by 79%. These results demonstrate that mitochondrial respiration in the uremic heart is chronically uncoupled. Cardiomyocytes in UCM are characterized by a more oxidized mitochondrial network, with greater susceptibility to oxidant-induced cell death and enhanced vulnerability to calcium-induced mPTP formation. Collectively, these findings indicate that mitochondrial function is compromised in UCM with increased vulnerability to calcium and oxidant-induced stressors, which may underpin the enhanced predisposition to IRI in the uremic heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Taylor
- Department of Biological Sciences and Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Kingston-upon-Hull, United Kingdom; and
| | - Sunil Bhandari
- Department of Renal Medicine, Hull and East Yorkshire Hospital NHS Trust, Kingston-upon-Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Anne-Marie L Seymour
- Department of Biological Sciences and Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Kingston-upon-Hull, United Kingdom; and
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