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Temprano A, Sembongi H, Han GS, Sebastián D, Capellades J, Moreno C, Guardiola J, Wabitsch M, Richart C, Yanes O, Zorzano A, Carman GM, Siniossoglou S, Miranda M. Redundant roles of the phosphatidate phosphatase family in triacylglycerol synthesis in human adipocytes. Diabetologia 2016; 59:1985-94. [PMID: 27344312 PMCID: PMC4969345 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-016-4018-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS In mammals, the evolutionary conserved family of Mg(2+)-dependent phosphatidate phosphatases (PAP1), involved in phospholipid and triacylglycerol synthesis, consists of lipin-1, lipin-2 and lipin-3. While mutations in the murine Lpin1 gene cause lipodystrophy and its knockdown in mouse 3T3-L1 cells impairs adipogenesis, deleterious mutations of human LPIN1 do not affect adipose tissue distribution. However, reduced LPIN1 and PAP1 activity has been described in participants with type 2 diabetes. We aimed to characterise the roles of all lipin family members in human adipose tissue and adipogenesis. METHODS The expression of the lipin family was analysed in adipose tissue in a cross-sectional study. Moreover, the effects of lipin small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated depletion on in vitro human adipogenesis were assessed. RESULTS Adipose tissue gene expression of the lipin family is altered in type 2 diabetes. Depletion of every lipin family member in a human Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome (SGBS) pre-adipocyte cell line, alters expression levels of adipogenic transcription factors and lipid biosynthesis genes in early stages of differentiation. Lipin-1 knockdown alone causes a 95% depletion of PAP1 activity. Despite the reduced PAP1 activity and alterations in early adipogenesis, lipin-silenced cells differentiate and accumulate neutral lipids. Even combinatorial knockdown of lipins shows mild effects on triacylglycerol accumulation in mature adipocytes. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Overall, our data support the hypothesis of alternative pathways for triacylglycerol synthesis in human adipocytes under conditions of repressed lipin expression. We propose that induction of alternative lipid phosphate phosphatases, along with the inhibition of lipid hydrolysis, contributes to the maintenance of triacylglycerol content to near normal levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Temprano
- Joan XXIII University Hospital, Pere Virgili Health Research Institut (IISPV), Modular Building, C/ Mallafre Guasch, Tarragona, 43005, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Hiroshi Sembongi
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Wellcome Trust/Medical Research Council Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
- , Chesterford Research Park, Little Chesterford, Saffron Walden, UK
| | - Gil-Soo Han
- Department of Food Science and the Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - David Sebastián
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Capellades
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Omic Sciences, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain
| | - Cristóbal Moreno
- Joan XXIII University Hospital, Pere Virgili Health Research Institut (IISPV), Modular Building, C/ Mallafre Guasch, Tarragona, 43005, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Guardiola
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Division of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Interdisciplinary Obesity Clinic, University Clinic for Child and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Cristóbal Richart
- Joan XXIII University Hospital, Pere Virgili Health Research Institut (IISPV), Modular Building, C/ Mallafre Guasch, Tarragona, 43005, Spain
- GEMMAIR Research Group - Applied Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Rovira i Virgili University (URV), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Oscar Yanes
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Omic Sciences, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antonio Zorzano
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - George M Carman
- Department of Food Science and the Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Symeon Siniossoglou
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Wellcome Trust/Medical Research Council Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK.
| | - Merce Miranda
- Joan XXIII University Hospital, Pere Virgili Health Research Institut (IISPV), Modular Building, C/ Mallafre Guasch, Tarragona, 43005, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, .
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Suppression of lipin-1 expression increases monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 415:200-5. [PMID: 22033411 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2011] [Accepted: 10/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Lipin-1 plays a crucial role in the regulation of lipid metabolism and cell differentiation in adipocytes. Expression of adipose lipin-1 is reduced in obesity, and metabolic syndrome. However, the significance of this reduction remains unclear. This study investigated if and how reduced lipin-1 expression affected metabolism. We assessed mRNA expression levels of various genes related to adipocyte metabolism in lipin-1-depleted 3T3-L1 adipocytes by introducing its specific small interfering RNA. In lipin-1-depleted adipocytes, mRNA and protein expression levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) were significantly increased, although the other genes tested were not altered. The conditioned media from the cells promoted monocyte chemotaxis. The increase in MCP-1 expression was prevented by treatment with quinazoline or salicylate, inhibitors of nuclear factor-κB activation. Because MCP-1 is related to adipose inflammation and systemic insulin resistance, these results suggest that a reduction in adipose lipin-1 in obesity may exacerbate adipose inflammation and metabolism.
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Jeemon P, Prabhakaran D, Ramakrishnan L, Gupta R, Ahmed F, Thankappan K, Kartha C, Chaturvedi V, Reddy K. Association of high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) with established cardiovascular risk factors in the Indian population. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2011; 8:19. [PMID: 21443784 PMCID: PMC3080284 DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-8-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2011] [Accepted: 03/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Inflammation, the key regulator of C-reactive protein (CRP) synthesis, plays a pivotal role in atherothrombotic cardiovascular disease. Methods High sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) analysis was carried out in randomly selected 600 individuals from the sentinel surveillance study in Indian industrial population (SSIP). The hsCRP was measured quantitatively by turbid metric test using kits from SPINREACT, Spain. We analyzed the association between hsCRP and traditional CVD risk factors in this sub-sample. Results Complete risk factor data and CRP levels were available from 581/600 individuals. One half (51.2%) of the study subjects were males. Mean age of the study group was 39.2 ± 11.2 years. The Pearson correlation coefficients were in the range of 0.12 for SBP (p = 0.004) to 0.55 for BMI (p < 0.001). The linear regression coefficients ranged from 0.01 for SBP, PG and TC (p < 0.001) to 0.55 for logeTAG (p < 0.001) after adjustment for age, sex and education. The mean of logehsCRP significantly increased (P < 0.001) from individuals with ≤1 risk factors (-0.50) to individuals with three or more risk factors (0.60). In the multivariate model, the odds ratios for elevated CRP (CRP ≥ 2.6 mg/dl) were significantly elevated only in females in comparison to males (1.63, 95% CI; 1.02-2.58), overweight individuals in comparison to normal weight individuals (3.90, 95% CI; 2.34-6.44, p < 0.001), and abdominal obese individuals (1.62, 95% CI; 1.02-2.60, p = 0.04) in comparison to non-obese individuals. Conclusion Clinical measurements of adiposity (body mass index and abdominal obesity) correlate well and can be surrogate for systemic inflammatory state of individuals.
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